Excel interior cell color

Заливка ячейки цветом в VBA Excel. Фон ячейки. Свойства .Interior.Color и .Interior.ColorIndex. Цветовая модель RGB. Стандартная палитра. Очистка фона ячейки.

Свойство .Interior.Color объекта Range

Начиная с Excel 2007 основным способом заливки диапазона или отдельной ячейки цветом (зарисовки, добавления, изменения фона) является использование свойства .Interior.Color объекта Range путем присваивания ему значения цвета в виде десятичного числа от 0 до 16777215 (всего 16777216 цветов).

Заливка ячейки цветом в VBA Excel

Пример кода 1:

Sub ColorTest1() Range(«A1»).Interior.Color = 31569 Range(«A4:D8»).Interior.Color = 4569325 Range(«C12:D17»).Cells(4).Interior.Color = 568569 Cells(3, 6).Interior.Color = 12659 End Sub

Поместите пример кода в свой программный модуль и нажмите кнопку на панели инструментов «Run Sub» или на клавиатуре «F5», курсор должен быть внутри выполняемой программы. На активном листе Excel ячейки и диапазон, выбранные в коде, окрасятся в соответствующие цвета.

Есть один интересный нюанс: если присвоить свойству .Interior.Color отрицательное значение от -16777215 до -1, то цвет будет соответствовать значению, равному сумме максимального значения палитры (16777215) и присвоенного отрицательного значения. Например, заливка всех трех ячеек после выполнения следующего кода будет одинакова:

Sub ColorTest11() Cells(1, 1).Interior.Color = —12207890 Cells(2, 1).Interior.Color = 16777215 + (—12207890) Cells(3, 1).Interior.Color = 4569325 End Sub

Проверено в Excel 2016.

Вывод сообщений о числовых значениях цветов

Числовые значения цветов запомнить невозможно, поэтому часто возникает вопрос о том, как узнать числовое значение фона ячейки. Следующий код VBA Excel выводит сообщения о числовых значениях присвоенных ранее цветов.

Пример кода 2:

Sub ColorTest2() MsgBox Range(«A1»).Interior.Color MsgBox Range(«A4:D8»).Interior.Color MsgBox Range(«C12:D17»).Cells(4).Interior.Color MsgBox Cells(3, 6).Interior.Color End Sub

Вместо вывода сообщений можно присвоить числовые значения цветов переменным, объявив их как Long.

Использование предопределенных констант

В VBA Excel есть предопределенные константы часто используемых цветов для заливки ячеек:

Предопределенная константа	Наименование цвета
vbBlack	Черный
vbBlue	Голубой
vbCyan	Бирюзовый
vbGreen	Зеленый
vbMagenta	Пурпурный
vbRed	Красный
vbWhite	Белый
vbYellow	Желтый
xlNone	Нет заливки

Присваивается цвет ячейке предопределенной константой в VBA Excel точно так же, как и числовым значением:

Пример кода 3:

Range(«A1»).Interior.Color = vbGreen

Цветовая модель RGB

Цветовая система RGB представляет собой комбинацию различных по интенсивности основных трех цветов: красного, зеленого и синего. Они могут принимать значения от 0 до 255. Если все значения равны 0 — это черный цвет, если все значения равны 255 — это белый цвет.

Выбрать цвет и узнать его значения RGB можно с помощью палитры Excel:

Палитра Excel

Чтобы можно было присвоить ячейке или диапазону цвет с помощью значений RGB, их необходимо перевести в десятичное число, обозначающее цвет. Для этого существует функция VBA Excel, которая так и называется — RGB.

Пример кода 4:

Range(«A1»).Interior.Color = RGB(100, 150, 200)

Список стандартных цветов с RGB-кодами смотрите в статье: HTML. Коды и названия цветов.

Очистка ячейки (диапазона) от заливки

Для очистки ячейки (диапазона) от заливки используется константа xlNone:

Range(«A1»).Interior.Color = xlNone

Свойство .Interior.ColorIndex объекта Range

До появления Excel 2007 существовала только ограниченная палитра для заливки ячеек фоном, состоявшая из 56 цветов, которая сохранилась и в настоящее время. Каждому цвету в этой палитре присвоен индекс от 1 до 56. Присвоить цвет ячейке по индексу или вывести сообщение о нем можно с помощью свойства .Interior.ColorIndex:

Пример кода 5:

Range(«A1»).Interior.ColorIndex = 8 MsgBox Range(«A1»).Interior.ColorIndex

Просмотреть ограниченную палитру для заливки ячеек фоном можно, запустив в VBA Excel простейший макрос:

Пример кода 6:

Sub ColorIndex() Dim i As Byte For i = 1 To 56 Cells(i, 1).Interior.ColorIndex = i Next End Sub

Номера строк активного листа от 1 до 56 будут соответствовать индексу цвета, а ячейка в первом столбце будет залита соответствующим индексу фоном.

Подробнее о стандартной палитре Excel смотрите в статье: Стандартная палитра из 56 цветов, а также о том, как добавить узор в ячейку.

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Applies to: Microsoft Excel 365, 2021, 2019, 2016.

In today’s VBA for Excel Automation tutorial we’ll learn about how we can programmatically change the color of a cell based on the cell value.

We can use this technique when developing a dashboard spreadsheet for example.

Step #1: Prepare your spreadsheet

If you are not yet developing on Excel, we’d recommend to look into our introductory guide to Excel Macros. You also need to make sure that the Developer tab is available in your Microsoft Excel Ribbon, as you’ll use it to write some simple code.

• Open Microsoft Excel. Note that code provided in this tutorial is expected to function in Excel 2007 and beyond.
• In an empty worksheet, add the following table :

• Now go ahead and define a named Range by hitting: Formulas>>Define Name

• Hit OK

Step #2: Changing cell interior color based on value with Cell.Interior.Color

• Hit the Developer entry in the Ribbon.
• Hit Visual Basic or Alt+F11 to open your developer VBA editor.
• Next highlight the Worksheet in which you would like to run your code. Alternatively, select a module that has your VBA code.
• Go ahead and paste this code. In our example we’ll modify the interior color of a range of cells to specific cell RGB values corresponding to the red, yellow and green colors.
• Specifically we use the Excel VBA method Cell.Interior.Color and pass the corresponding RGB value or color index.

Sub Color_Cell_Condition()

Dim MyCell As Range
Dim StatValue As String
Dim StatusRange As Range

Set StatusRange = Range("Status")

For Each MyCell In StatusRange

StatValue = MyCell.Value
Select Case StatValue

    Case "Progressing"
    MyCell.Interior.Color = RGB(0, 255, 0)
    
    Case "Pending Feedback"
    MyCell.Interior.Color = RGB(255, 255, 0)
    
    Case "Stuck"
    MyCell.Interior.Color = RGB(255, 0, 0)

End Select

Next MyCell

End Sub

• Run your code – either by pressing on F5 or Run>> Run Sub / UserForm.
• You’ll notice the status dashboard was filled as shown below:

• Save your code and close your VBA editor.

• 

Description:

It is an interesting feature in excel, we can change background color of Cell, Range in Excel VBA. Specially, while preparing reports or dashboards, we change the backgrounds to make it clean and get the professional look to our projects.

Change Background Color of Cell Range in Excel VBA – Solution(s):

We can use Interior.Color OR Interior.ColorIndex properties of a Rage/Cell to change the background colors.

Change Background Color of Cell Range in Excel VBA – Examples

The following examples will show you how to change the background or interior color in Excel using VBA.

Example 1

In this Example below I am changing the Range B3 Background Color using Cell Object

Sub sbRangeFillColorExample1()

'Using Cell Object
Cells(3, 2).Interior.ColorIndex = 5 ' 5 indicates Blue Color

End Sub

Example 2

In this Example below I am changing the Range B3 Background Color using Range Object

Sub sbRangeFillColorExample2()

'Using Range Object
Range("B3").Interior.ColorIndex = 5

End Sub

Example 3

We can also use RGB color format, instead of ColorIndex. See the following example:

Sub sbRangeFillColorExample3()
'Using Cell Object
Cells(3, 2).Interior.Color = RGB(0, 0, 250)

'Using Range Object
Range("B3").Interior.Color = RGB(0, 0, 250)

End Sub

Example 4

The following example will apply all the colorIndex form 1 to 55 in Activesheet.

Sub sbPrintColorIndexColors()
Dim iCntr

For iCntr = 1 To 56
    Cells(iCntr, 1).Interior.ColorIndex = iCntr
    Cells(iCntr, 1) = iCntr
Next iCntr

End Sub

Instructions:

1. Open an excel workbook
2. Press Alt+F11 to open VBA Editor
3. Insert a new module from Insert menu
4. Copy the above code and Paste in the code window
5. Save the file as macro enabled workbook
6. Press F5 to execute the procedure
7. You can see the interior colors are changing as per our code

Change Background Color of Cell Range in Excel VBA – Download: Example File

Here is the sample screen-shot of the example file.

Download the file and explore how to change the interior or background colors in Excel using VBA.

ANALYSIS TABS – ColorIndex

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3 Comments

1. Harbinder Singh
   April 13, 2017 at 12:23 PM — Reply

   need help in excel

   In company there are 10000 employee and all having duty in A shift, B shift, C shift. Each shift of 08 hrs

   i have to find those employee who work continuous 10 days or more then 10 days

   please help me to find the solution using VB macro in excel or any other way to find from huge no of data in excel

   Kindly provide me the solution.

2. RandomOne
   May 23, 2017 at 5:46 AM — Reply

   Harbinder Singh
   its dependes of your database, can check with a vba code for filter based on the criteria, select the range and then color it,
   Regards!

3. Ken Schleede
   July 10, 2019 at 6:44 AM — Reply

   Thanks! This is excellent. It allows me to control the colors much more reliably than conditional formatting.

In this article, let’s look at the various ways to set or remove the interior/background color of a cell or range – ie to fill the cell.  We’ll also have a look at how to fill a cell/range with a pattern. Finally, we’ll review how to get the color input from the user using xlDialogEditColor and working with color gradients.

Example 1: Set the color of a cell / range

The .Interior.Color property is used to set the color of a cell or a range. There are various methods in which we can do this.

'Using XlRgbColor Enumeration - for few cells in a row
Range("B2:D2").Interior.Color = rgbDarkGreen

'Using Color Constants - for a cell using row and column number
Cells(3, 2).Interior.Color = vbYellow

'Specifying the RGB values - using A1 notation
Range("B4").Interior.Color = RGB(255, 0, 0)

'Using Color Code - for few cells in a column
Range("B5:B6").Interior.Color = 15773696

'Using Color Index - for a range
Range("B7:D8").Interior.ColorIndex = 7

This is how the output will look

For more details, refer to article Excel VBA, Cell Fill Color

Example 2: Set the color of a an entire row

You can use the .Interior.Color property on an entire row. Say you want to highlight all rows where the value of a column satisfies a condition:

Sub highlightRows()
    Dim rowNo As Integer
    For rowNo = 3 To 12
        If Sheet1.Cells(rowNo, 3).Value < 30 Then
            Rows(rowNo).Interior.Color = vbRed
        End If
    Next
End Sub

Here is the Excel before and after executing the code.

Example 3: Set the color of a an entire column

Similar to Example 2, you can fill an entire column using:

'Set color for column
Columns(2).Interior.Color = vbCyan

Example 4: Remove the color from a cell / range

You can also remove the background color of a cell by setting it to xlNone

'Remove color
Range("A1").Interior.Color = xlNone

or you can set a cell to have automatic color using xlColorIndexAutomatic

'Set color to automatic
Range("A1").Interior.ColorIndex = xlColorIndexAutomatic

Example 5: Get the color code of a cell

You can also get the color code of a cell. The line below gets the color code of the color used to fill cell A1 and prints it in cell B1:

'gets the color code used to fill cell A1
Cells(1, 2) = Range("A1").Interior.Color

Example 6: Get the color input from the user using xlDialogEditColor

The xlDialogEditColor is a dialog used to get a color code from the user. This dialog has 2 tabs: Standard and which we will see soon.

Syntax:

intResult = Application.Dialogs(xlDialogEditColor).Show(intIndex, [intRed], [intGreen], [intBlue])

intResult: Zero if the user cancels the dialog and -1 if the user selects a color.
intIndex: Selected color when the edit color dialog is opened. It is also used as an identifier to get the value of the color selected by the user. (More details below).
intRed, intGreen, intBlue: Red, blue and green components of a color

There are 2 methods for calling this dialog:

1. Displaying the standard tab: If only the intIndex is specified and the last 3 parameters are omitted, standard tab will be displayed. intIndex will decide the color index initially selected in the standard tab. This is a number between zero and 56.

intResult = Application.Dialogs(xlDialogEditColor).Show(20)

2. The custom tab is initially displayed. If all the 4 parameters, including the RGB values, are specified, the custom tab will be displayed.

 
intResult = Application.Dialogs(xlDialogEditColor).Show(20, 100, 100, 200) 

So, here is the complete code to get the color code from the user:

Sub changeColor()

Dim intResult As Long, intColor As Long

'displays the color dialog
intResult = Application.Dialogs(xlDialogEditColor).Show(40, 100, 100, 200)

'gets the color selected by the user
intColor = ThisWorkbook.Colors(40)

'changes the fill color of cell A1
Range("A1").Interior.Color = intColor

End Sub

Note: The intIndex specified in the xlDialogEditColor (40 in our example) is also the index used by ThisWorkbook.Colors. You need to make sure that these two numbers match.

Example 7: Gradient’s Colors

You can create a gradient using “xlPatternLinearGradient”

Range("A1").Interior.Pattern = xlPatternLinearGradient

It will look like this:

A gradient can have one or more colorStops, and each ColorStop has a position (a value between 0 and 1) and a color property. When you create a gradient, by default, the gradient has two ColorStop objects. One of the color stop objects has the position 1 and the other has the position 2. In order to be able to fully use the gradient properties in VBA, it is best to change the default positions to 0 and 1. In this way we would be able to have additional positions (colorStops) in between (i.e 0.5, 0.3). Let us now look at an example.

Sub multiColorStops()
Dim objColorStop As ColorStop
Dim lngColor1 As Long

'First create a gradient
Range("A1").Interior.Pattern = xlPatternLinearGradient

'Changes orientation to vertical (default is horizontal) - optional
Range("A1").Interior.Gradient.Degree = 90

'Clears all previous colorStop objects as they are at position 1 and 2
Range("A1").Interior.Gradient.ColorStops.Clear

'Start creating multiple colorStops at various positions from 0 to 1
Set objColorStop = Range("A1").Interior.Gradient.ColorStops.Add(0)

'Set the color for each colorstop
objColorStop.Color = vbYellow

Set objColorStop = Range("A1").Interior.Gradient.ColorStops.Add(0.33)
objColorStop.Color = vbRed

Set objColorStop = Range("A1").Interior.Gradient.ColorStops.Add(0.66)
objColorStop.Color = vbGreen

Set objColorStop = Range("A1").Interior.Gradient.ColorStops.Add(1)
objColorStop.Color = vbBlue

End Sub

The final result will look like this.

For more details, please refer to the article Excel VBA, Gradient’s Colors

Example 8: Color Patterns

Using VBA, you can also apply various patterns to cells in Excel. The patterns available can be seen in the snapshot below (Right click on a Cell > Format Cells > Fill tab > Pattern Style):

The pattern of a cell can be changed using the xlPattern enumeration. The code below changes the pattern of cell A1 to the checker pattern:

range("A1").Interior.Pattern = XlPattern.xlPatternChecker

Result:

You can also change the color of the pattern using the code below:

Range("A1").Interior.PatternColor = vbBlue

Result:

You can get a complete list of the XlPattern Enumeration in Excel here.

To get the index (as specified in the link above) of the pattern applied in a cell use:

MsgBox Range("A1").Interior.Pattern

It will display 9 for the checker pattern that we have applied earlier

For more details, refer to the article Excel VBA, Fill Pattern