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Some sentences with whom begin with a pronoun (a word that replaces a noun, such as he, them, they, and him). We use it to talk about the subject (the person who does something).
Whom is used as the object of a verb. Here are 67 example sentences using “whom”.
- Clare Long is the woman with whom I work.
- Mary is the student with whom you spoke last year.
- To whom are you speaking?
- The person about whom he is talking, is his best friend.
- She’s going to be late so whom else can I call?
- The winner of the award that whom we don’t know very well will be announced in just a moment.
- I didn’t want to give the driver my personal info so I gave him those with whom I was staying.
- This store will let you try shoes on but with whom should you go?
- A colleague told me whom wrote the report.
- Antoun, whom I interviewed, is a wonderful person.
- She’s a cripple whom nobody wants to marry.
- They treated everyone kindly, especially the old man whom they had saved.
- This is the person whom I told you about.
- The man to whom you are speaking is my husband.
- Whom do you think will win the election?
- Whom are you voting for in the election?
- The man who forced me down is whom I am talking about.
- Whom do you visit on Thanksgiving?
- For whom is the bell tolls?
- To whom should we give credit for our progress so far?
- With whom do you agree on this matter?
- She is the speaker for whom we all came here, isn’t she?
- We have to look at what we can do with whom.
- To whom is all the furniture paid for?
- To whom are these letters addressed?
- This question is for whom it may concern.
- He is the man whom I gave the money.
- The boy whom we met in the coffee shop is visiting us this weekend.
- Please show me the girl whom you were talking to.
- She is the person with whom I am sharing this office.
- The hotel has invited the important guests by whom they want to impress.
- She has worked as a teacher for more than 30 years, with whom she had been in several schools.
- After working for some time, he got a promotion from his boss, whom he respected a lot.
- Whom would you like to go?
- This is a man whom I respect very much.
- I invite all on whom it will concern to attend the meeting to be held in the auditorium.
- Each seat on the bus costs £4 to buy. Whom are you going to buy it from?
- My father, whom we lost when I was young, would have loved these pictures.
- The man with whom she fell in love died during the war.
- I wouldn’t do that if I were you; you are talking to someone with whom you should be careful.
- I don’t know who it is but I think someone with whom we should talk is at the door Burke waited until Mary took her seat behind him.
- The waiter gave the bill to whom?
- The man with whom you came in is my friend.
- I have a collection of dolls of whom most are handmade.
- He was talking to the man with whom he works every day.
- She doesn’t know the people with whom she is staying at the moment, but they are really cool and friendly guys.
- The girl whom you married will never be interested in that beat up old truck.
- They gave the student over whom they were discussing a suspicious smile.
- You can ask me anything you like and I’ll tell you except for whom it concerns.
- Whom did you see?
- I know whom you are talking about.
- Those are the folks to whom I was referring.
- Who is the kitchen whom you want to buy it from?
- The man to whom she gave the money was Tom.
- Whom do you trust?
- It is she whom I saw yesterday.
- The man with whom I am going to lunch today is my brother.
- With whom are you going to the theatre?
- Who was that girl with whom you danced?
- Whom did you buy the book for?
- The senator whom I work with is a man whom we all admire.
- Tom is the man whom the police arrested.
- She is the woman whom they interviewed yesterday.
- Whom should we ask about safety guidelines?
- For whom is that letter written?
- To whom are you giving the book?
- Whom did he say this to?
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Who and whom are commonly confused words. In fact, many native English speakers don’t know the difference between them.
However, there is a simple way to determine which word is correct. You should use who to refer to the subject of a sentence, and whom to refer to the object of a sentence.
If you want your writing to sound professional, getting words like who and whom correct is important. Let’s look at these two words in more depth to understand how they work in a sentence.
The Difference Between Who and Whom
Who and whom have the same meaning and are both often used in questions, but in different ways. To choose the correct word, you need to know whether you are referring to the subject or object of the sentence.
- Subject: The person is completing the action in the sentence. Subject pronouns include I, he, she, and they. When describing the subject of a sentence, you need to use the pronoun who.
- Object: The person is receiving the action of the verb. Object pronouns include me, him, her, and them. Use the pronoun whom when describing the object of a sentence.
Let’s look at two examples to spot the difference between the subject and object.
- Sentence A: Who is going to the party?
- Sentence B: Whom should I invite to the party?
In sentence A, you could answer with a person’s name, or with a subject pronoun like she or he. The people are the subject of the sentence.
But in sentence B, whom is the object of the verb invite, and you would answer with an object pronoun like him or her.
Let’s check out another example of how to turn a sentence into a question with the word whom:
- Tony ate the sandwich.
In this sentence, Tony is doing something; he’s eating. That means he’s the subject of the sentence. You could replace Tony’s name with who to form a question:
- Who ate the sandwich?
If we wanted to use whom, we can flip the original sentence and make the sandwich the subject and Tony the object.
- The sandwich was eaten by Tony.
Now the subject of the sentence (the sandwich) is not performing the action. The sandwich isn’t the one doing the eating! We could replace Tony with whom to ask the question:
- By whom was the sandwich eaten?
When to Use Who (Examples in a Sentence)
Not sure if you should use who? Don’t worry; there’s a simple trick to help. All you have to do is see if you could answer the question you’re posing with he or she or they. If you could, then who is correct.
Which of these sentences is correct?
- Sentence A: Who ate my snack?
- Sentence B: Whom ate my snack?
Try answering this question by adding she or he in the answer:
- She ate my snack.
Because you can use she, sentence A is correct: Who ate my snack?
Here are some other example sentences with who:
- Who else wants cake?
- My mother, who immigrated from Chile in the 1980s, has always loved American culture.
- A child who is hungry can’t learn properly.
When to Use Whom (Examples in a Sentence)
So what about when to use whom? Just like in the example above, try answering your own question. If you have to use him or her or them in your reply, you’ll need to use whom.
Which of these sentences is correct?
- Sentence A: To who is the package being sent?
- Sentence B: To whom is the package being sent?
You can only reply to this question by using him, her, or them:
- The package is being sent to him.
That makes the correct answer sentence B: To whom is the package being sent?
Here are some more examples of whom in a sentence:
- Whom are you supporting in the election?
- Whom should I contact about the party?
- Whom do you want to ask to the dance?
Another useful tip is to remember that whom is always used instead of who after the prepositions to, for, with, and of. Here are some examples of whom after a preposition:
- The employee, with whom I spoke, said I could have a refund.
- The children, one of whom dislikes loud noises, will be with us all weekend.
- For whom should I wait?
Many native English speakers don’t use whom at all, thinking it sounds old-fashioned and pretentious. Instead, they will use who for both the subject and object of a sentence. This isn’t correct, but most native English readers won’t notice the error.
If you’re having a conversation with someone, you may spot them using who rather than whom. While this is fine when speaking, it’s always best to use the correct form in writing, especially in professional settings.
On the flipside, some English speakers use whom instead of who in an attempt to sound sophisticated or formal. This is something to avoid, especially in legal and academic writing where this mistake will be obvious. Often, using whom in error to sound intelligent backfires and makes you sound less educated.
Using ProWritingAid’s grammar checker will help you identify if you used who when you meant whom. The English language is hugely complicated so ProWritingAid can give you peace of mind that your writing is error free.
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Conclusion on Who vs. Whom
Now we’ve fully explored the differences between who vs. whom, let’s recap the simple ways you can tell which one you need.
Use who if:
- You’re referring to the subject of the sentence
- It can be answered with she or he
Use whom if:
- You’re speaking about the object of the sentence
- The question can be answered with him, her, or them
- It follows the prepositions to, for, of or with
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What’s the difference between who and whom? These are two words that cause a lot of confusion, even for native-English speakers. So, it’s well worth taking a few minutes to know the difference between the two. Below, we’ve provided an easy guide on understanding the grammatical rules. We’ve also given some examples on how to use who and whom correctly. If you want to avoid mistakes in using who vs whom, read on.
Who vs whom: the grammar rules
There are a few rules when you should use who and whom. “Who” is a subjective pronoun. “Whom” is an objective pronoun. That simply means that “who” is always subject to a verb, and that “whom” is always working as an object in a sentence. We’ve explained what subjects and objects in a sentence are.
But what does that mean? “Who,” the subjective pronoun, is the doer of an action. For example, “That’s the girl who scored the goal.” It is the subject of “scored” because the girl was doing the scoring. Then, “whom,” as the objective pronoun, receives the action. For instance, “Whom do you like best?” It is the object of “like”.
General rule for who vs whom:
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Who should be used to refer to the subject of a sentence.
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Whom should be used to refer to the object of a verb or preposition.
Just be careful, because there is an exception: There is one context in which you should always use whom: after a preposition at the beginning of a sentence or clause. For example, To whom did you address that letter? (Not “to who”). And, My teacher, for whom I’m doing some research, is currently in a meeting. (Not “for who”).
The difference between who and whom explained
The difference between “who” and “whom” is the same as the difference between “I” and “me;” “he” and “him;” “she” and “her;” etc. «Who», like other pronouns such as: I he, and she, is a subject. So, it is the person performing the action of the verb. On the other hand, «whom», acts like me, him, and her in a sentence. It is the object. Therefore, it is the person to/about/for whom the action is being done.
Whom is also the correct choice after a preposition: with whom, one of whom, not “with who, one of who.”
Easy tip to tell the difference between who and whom
We explained that “who” is a pronoun like “I” or “he.” Also, “whom” is a pronoun like “me” and “him.” So, sometimes it can help you to rewrite the sentence and replace who/whom with another pronoun so that you can see the relationships more clearly.
If you can replace the word with “he” or “’she” then you should use who. However, if you can replace it with “him” or “her,” use whom. Let’s look at some examples.
How to use who and whom correctly: sentence examples (with an explanation)
Just remember that if you can replace a word with “he” or “she” then you should use «who». However, if you can replace it with “him” or “her,” use «whom». We’ll test this in the following sentences.
Example sentences: Correct use of who
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This is who warned me. (It is He/she warned me. Not “him/her” warned me)
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Jack is the one who wants to go. (He/she wants to go. Not “him/her” wants to go)
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I need to know who makes the final decision. (He/she makes the final decision. Not “him/her” makes the final decision).
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I know who your best friend is! (He/she is your best friend. Not him/her is your best friend).
Example sentences: Correct use of whom
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With whom am I speaking? (I am speaking with him/her. Not I am speaking with he/she)
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To whom this may concern. (This concerns him/her. Not this concerns he/she)
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A number of friends went to the cinema, one of whom was the birthday boy. (The birthday boy was one of them. Not the birthday boy was one of they.)
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Actually, she knew very little about the man with whom she had promised to spend the summer. (She has promised to spend the summer with him. Not she has promised to spend the summer with he.)
Grammar Quiz: Who vs Whom in English language
Now that we’ve gone through the grammar rules and shown you some examples, let’s test your understanding with this quick “Who vs Whom” test.
Quiz: Select “who” or “whom” for each sentence
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Who/Whom is paying for this?
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He saw a gentleman who/whom he presumed to be the director, and told him about Helen.
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At the porch he met two of the landed gentry, one of who/whom he knew.
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Who/whom wants dinner?
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Here in dwells an old man with who/whom I would like to converse.
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This is the lady who/whom I told you about.
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Who/whom is going to the ball game?
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Lisa is the girl with who/whom I’m driving to Maine.
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Who/Whom did the candidate choose for his running mate?
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To Who/Whom were you talking just now?
Click here to view the answer key.
The Advanced Who vs Whom
We’ve covered the basics of who vs whom, but it can get slightly more complicated. For example, you use the tip we’ve presented earlier that if you can replace a word with “he” or “she” then you should use who. And, if you can replace it with “him” or “her,” use whom. But what if that doesn’t work, or it doesn’t fit your sentence?
We’ve used the following example sentence before:
A number of friends went to the cinema, one of who/whom was the birthday boy.
Complex sentences: Clauses
This sentence is difficult because it contains a clause. A complex sentence contains an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses. An independent clause can stand alone as a sentence, but a dependent clause (even though it has a subject and a verb) cannot stand alone. In the example, “A number of friends went to the cinema” is one clause. The other clause is “one of who/whom was the birthday boy.”
The last clause is adjectival clause. To put it simply: it means this part of the sentence aims to tell us more about the other part of the sentence. Who went to the cinema? Friends and one of them was the birthday boy.
The key lies in the subject and object of the clauses. In “whom was the birthday boy,” “the birthday boy” is the subject, “was” is the verb, and “whom” is the object.
Need to read more on subjects and objects in sentences? Check out our other blog post: Grammar 101: Subjects and Objects in English.
Grammar Quiz: Answer key
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Who
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Whom
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Whom
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Who
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Whom
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Whom
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Who
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Whom
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Whom
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Whom
Who vs whom examples sentences?
“Who,” the subjective pronoun, is the doer of an action. For example, “That’s the girl who scored the goal.” It is the subject of “scored” because the girl was doing the scoring. Then, “whom,” as the objective pronoun, receives the action. For instance, “Whom do you like best?” It is the object of “like”.
Who’s or whose or whom?
While “who’s” comes from “who”, “whose” is related to “whom.” Whose is a possessive pronoun that you used in questions where you’re asking about who owns something.
Whose and who’s sentence examples?
Anyone (who’s, whose) had experience in graphic design can help me with my project. Chicago, a city (who’s, whose) architecture is admired all over the world, has a population of over 2 million residents. (Who’s, Whose) yellow car is parked in front of your house?
Who vs whom recommended?
Grammar experts suggest that we can determine whether to use who or whom by substituting the personal pronouns he/him or she/her. If he or she is the correct substitution, the proper choice is who. If him or her is appropriate, use whom.
What’s the difference between whose and whom?
‘Whom’ is an object pronoun like ‘him’, ‘her’ and ‘us’. We use ‘whom’ to ask which person received an action. … ‘Whose’ is a possessive pronoun like ‘his’, and ‘our’. We use ‘whose’ to find out which person something belongs to.
Who I met or whom I met?
Yes, that’s correct. Who is used as the subject of a sentence or clause. Whom is used as the object of a preposition and as a direct object. In your sentence, the pronoun would refer to the direct object, so to be correct, you should say, “The boy whom I met at the party.”
Whose turn or who’s turn?
Who’s is a contraction linking the words who is or who has, and whose is the possessive form of who. They may sound the same, but spelling them correctly can be tricky.
Who’s or whose birthday?
“Who’s” is a contraction of “who is” or “who has”. “Whose” is the possessive form of “who”.
Who’s idea or whose idea?
Here, the correct phrasing is whose idea, not who’s idea. The question is actually “to whom does this idea belong” or “who came up with this idea?” As a result, the phrase is about finding out who possesses the idea. Therefore, we need a possessive pronoun like whose instead of a contraction like who is.
Can you use Whose for objects?
Which and that, the relative pronouns for animals and objects do not have an equivalent so “whose” can be used here as well, such as in “the movie, whose name I can’t remember.” Whose is appropriate for inanimate objects in all cases except the interrogative case, where “whose” is in the beginning of a sentence.
Who am I talking to or whom?
Whom should be used to refer to the object of a verb or preposition. When in doubt, try this simple trick: If you can replace the word with “he”’ or “’she,” use who. If you can replace it with “him” or “her,” use whom. Who should be used to refer to the subject of a sentence.
Who or whom exercises?
Who/Whom Exercise
- Choose whoever/whomever you want.
- Show the door to whoever/whomever disagrees.
- Who/whom did you see?
- A man who/whom I recognized left the theater.
- He is the one who/whom we think will give up first.
- We don’t know who/whom you are talking about.
- I never met anyone who/whom looked so tired as she/her.
Who I admire or whom I admire?
Obviously, the proper word is who. Compare that with He is a man who I admire. Because we would say I admire him, the sentence should read He is a man whom I admire.
Who do you love or whom do you love?
“Who” is not an object pronoun! Look at that list of object pronouns again. We don’t find “who.” Instead, we see that “whom” is the object pronoun. This song title needs an object pronoun, so it needs the word “whom.” To be grammatically correct, this song title should be written “Whom Do You Love?”
Whose birthday is today correct grammar?
Yes, it’s grammatical. The more common and complete version is look at whose birthday it is (today). But the omitted words are understood to be there.
How do you use Whose in a sentence examples?
We use whose to introduce a relative clause indicating possession by people, animals and things:
- John works with that other chap whose name I can’t remember.
- Shirley has a 17-year-old daughter whose ambition is to be a photographer.
- This is the book whose title I couldn’t remember.
Can whose be used for plural?
The word “whose” can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and its form doesn’t change.
Who’s been or whose been?
Whose is the possessive form of the pronoun who, while who’s is a contraction of the words who is or who has. However, many people still find whose and who’s particularly confusing because, in English, an apostrophe followed by an s usually indicates the possessive form of a word.
Whose driving or who’s driving?
Usage Notes
“This one is quite hard to forgive as it’s so easy to check: just replace whose or who’s by the full-length version, i.e. ‘who is. ‘ If this makes sense in the context, then you can use who’s if you wish. If it doesn’t make sense, then the right spelling is whose.”
Whose names or who’s names?
whose name is vs who’s name is. The word “whose” is the possessive of “who.” The word “who’s” is the contraction of “who is.” Therefore, you would use the phrase “whose name is.”
Can you guess whom or who?
It certainly appears that whom is the direct object of the verb guess, and some grammarians say Guess whom is correct. Others interpret the sentence as You guess who it is. Who is the subject of the subordinate clause who it is, or it is who. (Recall that intransitive verbs do not take an object.)
Who or whom in plural?
There is no plural form for “whom.” Similar to “who,” “whom” is also an interrogative pronoun that can refer to a singular or plural subject. If we can replace the subject with the pronouns “him,” “her,” or “them,” then “whom” is the correct form.
Is the person whom?
One uses “whom” when the person being referenced is the object of the sentence; one uses “who” when the person being referenced is the subject of the sentence. … Nevermind that preposition at the end of the sample sentence. “In casual conversation we end sentences with prepositions and we never use whom,” Favilla writes.
Do they or don’t they?
The rule is: do – don’t they; don’t – do they. So, you just always use the opposite form.
The word refers to the individuals and things that receive the action, also, «whom» can be used after the preposition.
Examples:
- Whom are you going to choose?
- Whom did the teacher blame for the chalkboard?
- Whom did she hire for the job?
In a sentence «whom» occupies the position of the object. In this context, the object means a place, thing, or the person that something is done to. This means it takes the place of pronouns such as him, he, her, him, her, us, and them.
When it comes to using it, the word «whom» confounds many seasoned writers and editors inclusive. Take a look at the sentence below:
- Think about who you should invite and who can handle the wild guests.
The sentence above sounds perfect. By the way, in daily conversation, it sounds naturally fine. But in the formal and grammatical context, the first who should be replaced by whom.
From the above example, you can see that you can make mistakes even without knowledge, in using the term «whom». You need to be cautious to avoid such mistakes. The post is going to provide you with some established tips that will polish you when it comes to applying «whom».
One of the best advice when it comes to applying «whom» in a sentence is replacing the objective pronoun. For instance:
- Do you love her? – Whom do you love?
- Do you want to cover him? – Whom do you want to cover?
«Whom» Definition
«Whom» is an objective pronoun that is used to replace other pronouns such as him, us, her, us, and them. In other words, «whom» can help you to turn a question into a statement. It must be noted that prepositions such as for, by, in, with, and at mostly comes before «whom».
In the expressional value, who sounds correct, trouble begins when «whom» emanates as a verb’s object in an area where the clause or subject of the sentence is supposed to be placed.
For example
- Whom do you want to see?
Here the term «whom» appears as a direct object of the verb that is seen, hence, it is in the place where the object should be, making it to be somehow unnatural. What if the same sentence is rewritten?
- You want to see whom?
The above sentence implies that there are situations where «whom» can be used as a direct object. These are some of the «whom» dynamics that you should keep in mind. You can also use «whom» in this manner provided the use appears natural.
Synonyms Of «Whom.»
English words have synonyms. Below are some of the synonyms for «whom.»
- Which
- What
- Which specific one
- Which specific ones
- Which distinct one
- What distinct ones
- What exact one
- Who
For one to effectively use the term «whom», he or she should be simple. This means that the user should simplify complex sentences. In this manner, the sentence becomes audible and authentic. Wordy sentences are fond of having some grammatical errors. Therefore, let your sentences have one noun, one verb, and «whom».
For instance:
- Felista Kerry and her siblings invited people to the party whom they considered to be party animals.
The above sentence appears to be grammatically incorrect. The position of «whom» in the sentence does not provide the required meaning.
Simplification:
- They invited people whom they considered to be party animals.
The sentence sounds correct and the word «whom» is naturally placed.
It should be noted that «whom» means the person or the thing that is acted upon.
For example:
- Whom did you kick?
- His grandparents, whom she adores so much, are in the city.
- The security personnel, whom the company just hired, did not show up today.
If you are keen, «whom» is applied as a kick, but it’s not doing the kicking. In other examples, the term «whom» implies the loved and hired. In the three cases «whom» is applied as the direct object.
Have a look at the following sentences:
- He gave whom the bursary?
- Whom should be allowed first?
- My nephew praised his son.
In the three sentences, «whom» is used as an indirect object. Meaning, the individual that is receiving the end impact. For instance, the bursary was given to somebody. You are implying that the bursary was given to «whom».
Also, «whom» is mostly used when the pronoun follows the preposition.
For instance, when it comes to the salutation.
- To whom it may concern
The solid fact that you should keep in mind is that you should use «whom» to substitute pronouns. For example:
- You chatted with whom? – (correct sentence)
- Did you chat to her? – (incorrect sentence)
- Did you chat to her? – (grammatically sensible)
- You chatted to whom? – (whom replaces her)
«Whom» Vs «Who»
There’s an ongoing debate in the English arenas about how to use «whom» and who. Rules of the formal grammar state that who should occupy the subject position of a sentence, while «whom» should occupy the object position of the sentence.
«Whom» and who are applied as relative pronouns and users confuse them when it comes to the application. Now that «whom» has already been discussed, it’s time for you to know how to use who. First, who replaces subjective pronouns such as 1, she, me and others.
Examples:
- Who handed the pencil to him?
- Those who do not save, regret it later.
- Who lets the chicken out?
- Sam is the boy who got the opportunity.
Also, who can replace «she», «I», and «he.» Mostly it’s used to answer questions. For example:
- Sam built a palace home for his son.
He is the man who built a palace for his son.
- Who is the woman singing?
She is the woman singing.
In an informal set up of application, who is commonly applied. In most scenarios, people tend to speak «who do you want to talk to?» And even though «whom» appears to be an old school term, it is the most formal word between the two. «To whom do you want to talk?»
The following sentences show the formal and informal aspects.
- To whom did you offer it? – Formal application
- Who did you offer it to? – informal application
«Whom» Obligatory
In certain contexts, «whom» can be obligatory especially if it’s preceded by quantifiers like both of, all of, several of, several of, few of, and others. For instance:
- The Wembley arena accommodates 70, 000 participants, all of whom are seated.
- Congratulations to all mothers, most of whom are watching this program
The Most Common Mistake When Using «Whom»
In your reading expedition, you will come across such sentences.
- Betty is demanding restitution from the man whom she claims crashed her car.
- The man who I sold my car to was very pleased with its condition.
In the above examples, the use of who is applicable. The mistake happens when reporting verbs «say» and «claim» have been placed between the subjects, that is (elderly, woman, journalists) and the governing verbs such as (use, has ruined). If you remove them, the sentence will be incorrect because «whom» is used wrongly.
If you find yourself in such situations, you are supposed to do some research on «whom» application on verbs such as think, believe, say, and report. Oxford dictionaries blog will help.
«Whom» Sentence Examples
- In fact, he knew little about the lady with whom he had invited to dinner.
- Whom will you send to Alex’s place?
- At the parking basement, he met two ladies, one whom she knew.
- How different it can, she thought, going to dinner with a person whom you don’t know.
- To whom did he talk to?
- The policeman to whom the student referred was Anthony.
- If anyone whom he knows laughs, he laughs too as if she has had what has been said
- During the training, our coach slapped a player whom he considered not paying attention to the drills.
- I don’t remember the name of the person whom I met at the conference, but I remember that they were from Europe.
- Whom have they lectured?
Bottom Line
«Whom» is one of the complex words of English. If not keen, you will find yourself using it instead of who. The parting shot is that «whom» is an objective pronoun that is used to replace other pronouns such as he, him, and her.
For you to conquer the misuse menace, you need to understand the difference between the use of «whom» and who. «Whom» replaces objective pronouns while «who» replaces subjective pronouns. As a reader, it’s your responsibility to know various aspects of the term «Whom». You should start with the definition, synonyms, and how to use it.
Shawn Manaher is the founder and CEO of The Content Authority. He’s one part content manager, one part writing ninja organizer, and two parts leader of top content creators. You don’t even want to know what he calls pancakes.