English word for essay

To be truly brilliant, an essay needs to utilise the right language. You could make a great point, but if it’s not intelligently articulated, you almost needn’t have bothered.

Developing the language skills to build an argument and to write persuasively is crucial if you’re to write outstanding essays every time. In this article, we’re going to equip you with the words and phrases you need to write a top-notch essay, along with examples of how to utilise them.

It’s by no means an exhaustive list, and there will often be other ways of using the words and phrases we describe that we won’t have room to include, but there should be more than enough below to help you make an instant improvement to your essay-writing skills.

This article is suitable for native English speakers and those who are learning English at Oxford Royale Academy and are just taking their first steps into essay writing.

General explaining

Let’s start by looking at language for general explanations of complex points.

1. In order to

Usage: “In order to” can be used to introduce an explanation for the purpose of an argument.
Example: “In order to understand X, we need first to understand Y.”

2. In other words

Usage: Use “in other words” when you want to express something in a different way (more simply), to make it easier to understand, or to emphasise or expand on a point.
Example: “Frogs are amphibians. In other words, they live on the land and in the water.”

3. To put it another way

Usage: This phrase is another way of saying “in other words”, and can be used in particularly complex points, when you feel that an alternative way of wording a problem may help the reader achieve a better understanding of its significance.
Example: “Plants rely on photosynthesis. To put it another way, they will die without the sun.”

4. That is to say

Usage: “That is” and “that is to say” can be used to add further detail to your explanation, or to be more precise.
Example: “Whales are mammals. That is to say, they must breathe air.”

5. To that end

Usage: Use “to that end” or “to this end” in a similar way to “in order to” or “so”.
Example: “Zoologists have long sought to understand how animals communicate with each other. To that end, a new study has been launched that looks at elephant sounds and their possible meanings.”

Adding additional information to support a point

Students often make the mistake of using synonyms of “and” each time they want to add further information in support of a point they’re making, or to build an argument. Here are some cleverer ways of doing this.

6. Moreover

Usage: Employ “moreover” at the start of a sentence to add extra information in support of a point you’re making.
Example: “Moreover, the results of a recent piece of research provide compelling evidence in support of…”

7. Furthermore

Usage:This is also generally used at the start of a sentence, to add extra information.
Example: “Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that…”

8. What’s more

Usage: This is used in the same way as “moreover” and “furthermore”.
Example: “What’s more, this isn’t the only evidence that supports this hypothesis.”

9. Likewise

Usage: Use “likewise” when you want to talk about something that agrees with what you’ve just mentioned.
Example: “Scholar A believes X. Likewise, Scholar B argues compellingly in favour of this point of view.”

10. Similarly

Usage: Use “similarly” in the same way as “likewise”.
Example: “Audiences at the time reacted with shock to Beethoven’s new work, because it was very different to what they were used to. Similarly, we have a tendency to react with surprise to the unfamiliar.”

11. Another key thing to remember

Usage: Use the phrase “another key point to remember” or “another key fact to remember” to introduce additional facts without using the word “also”.
Example: “As a Romantic, Blake was a proponent of a closer relationship between humans and nature. Another key point to remember is that Blake was writing during the Industrial Revolution, which had a major impact on the world around him.”

12. As well as

Usage: Use “as well as” instead of “also” or “and”.
Example: “Scholar A argued that this was due to X, as well as Y.”

13. Not only… but also

Usage: This wording is used to add an extra piece of information, often something that’s in some way more surprising or unexpected than the first piece of information.
Example: “Not only did Edmund Hillary have the honour of being the first to reach the summit of Everest, but he was also appointed Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire.”

14. Coupled with

Usage: Used when considering two or more arguments at a time.
Example: “Coupled with the literary evidence, the statistics paint a compelling view of…”

15. Firstly, secondly, thirdly…

Usage: This can be used to structure an argument, presenting facts clearly one after the other.
Example: “There are many points in support of this view. Firstly, X. Secondly, Y. And thirdly, Z.

16. Not to mention/to say nothing of

Usage: “Not to mention” and “to say nothing of” can be used to add extra information with a bit of emphasis.
Example: “The war caused unprecedented suffering to millions of people, not to mention its impact on the country’s economy.”

Words and phrases for demonstrating contrast

When you’re developing an argument, you will often need to present contrasting or opposing opinions or evidence – “it could show this, but it could also show this”, or “X says this, but Y disagrees”. This section covers words you can use instead of the “but” in these examples, to make your writing sound more intelligent and interesting.

17. However

Usage: Use “however” to introduce a point that disagrees with what you’ve just said.
Example: “Scholar A thinks this. However, Scholar B reached a different conclusion.”

18. On the other hand

Usage: Usage of this phrase includes introducing a contrasting interpretation of the same piece of evidence, a different piece of evidence that suggests something else, or an opposing opinion.
Example: “The historical evidence appears to suggest a clear-cut situation. On the other hand, the archaeological evidence presents a somewhat less straightforward picture of what happened that day.”

19. Having said that

Usage: Used in a similar manner to “on the other hand” or “but”.
Example: “The historians are unanimous in telling us X, an agreement that suggests that this version of events must be an accurate account. Having said that, the archaeology tells a different story.”

20. By contrast/in comparison

Usage: Use “by contrast” or “in comparison” when you’re comparing and contrasting pieces of evidence.
Example: “Scholar A’s opinion, then, is based on insufficient evidence. By contrast, Scholar B’s opinion seems more plausible.”

21. Then again

Usage: Use this to cast doubt on an assertion.
Example: “Writer A asserts that this was the reason for what happened. Then again, it’s possible that he was being paid to say this.”

22. That said

Usage: This is used in the same way as “then again”.
Example: “The evidence ostensibly appears to point to this conclusion. That said, much of the evidence is unreliable at best.”

23. Yet

Usage: Use this when you want to introduce a contrasting idea.
Example: “Much of scholarship has focused on this evidence. Yet not everyone agrees that this is the most important aspect of the situation.”

Adding a proviso or acknowledging reservations

Sometimes, you may need to acknowledge a shortfalling in a piece of evidence, or add a proviso. Here are some ways of doing so.

24. Despite this

Usage: Use “despite this” or “in spite of this” when you want to outline a point that stands regardless of a shortfalling in the evidence.
Example: “The sample size was small, but the results were important despite this.”

25. With this in mind

Usage: Use this when you want your reader to consider a point in the knowledge of something else.
Example: “We’ve seen that the methods used in the 19th century study did not always live up to the rigorous standards expected in scientific research today, which makes it difficult to draw definite conclusions. With this in mind, let’s look at a more recent study to see how the results compare.”

26. Provided that

Usage: This means “on condition that”. You can also say “providing that” or just “providing” to mean the same thing.
Example: “We may use this as evidence to support our argument, provided that we bear in mind the limitations of the methods used to obtain it.”

27. In view of/in light of

Usage: These phrases are used when something has shed light on something else.
Example: “In light of the evidence from the 2013 study, we have a better understanding of…”

28. Nonetheless

Usage: This is similar to “despite this”.
Example: “The study had its limitations, but it was nonetheless groundbreaking for its day.”

29. Nevertheless

Usage: This is the same as “nonetheless”.
Example: “The study was flawed, but it was important nevertheless.”

30. Notwithstanding

Usage: This is another way of saying “nonetheless”.
Example: “Notwithstanding the limitations of the methodology used, it was an important study in the development of how we view the workings of the human mind.”

Giving examples

Good essays always back up points with examples, but it’s going to get boring if you use the expression “for example” every time. Here are a couple of other ways of saying the same thing.

31. For instance

Example: “Some birds migrate to avoid harsher winter climates. Swallows, for instance, leave the UK in early winter and fly south…”

32. To give an illustration

Example: “To give an illustration of what I mean, let’s look at the case of…”

Signifying importance

When you want to demonstrate that a point is particularly important, there are several ways of highlighting it as such.

33. Significantly

Usage: Used to introduce a point that is loaded with meaning that might not be immediately apparent.
Example: “Significantly, Tacitus omits to tell us the kind of gossip prevalent in Suetonius’ accounts of the same period.”

34. Notably

Usage: This can be used to mean “significantly” (as above), and it can also be used interchangeably with “in particular” (the example below demonstrates the first of these ways of using it).
Example: “Actual figures are notably absent from Scholar A’s analysis.”

35. Importantly

Usage: Use “importantly” interchangeably with “significantly”.
Example: “Importantly, Scholar A was being employed by X when he wrote this work, and was presumably therefore under pressure to portray the situation more favourably than he perhaps might otherwise have done.”

Summarising

You’ve almost made it to the end of the essay, but your work isn’t over yet. You need to end by wrapping up everything you’ve talked about, showing that you’ve considered the arguments on both sides and reached the most likely conclusion. Here are some words and phrases to help you.

36. In conclusion

Usage: Typically used to introduce the concluding paragraph or sentence of an essay, summarising what you’ve discussed in a broad overview.
Example: “In conclusion, the evidence points almost exclusively to Argument A.”

37. Above all

Usage: Used to signify what you believe to be the most significant point, and the main takeaway from the essay.
Example: “Above all, it seems pertinent to remember that…”

38. Persuasive

Usage: This is a useful word to use when summarising which argument you find most convincing.
Example: “Scholar A’s point – that Constanze Mozart was motivated by financial gain – seems to me to be the most persuasive argument for her actions following Mozart’s death.”

39. Compelling

Usage: Use in the same way as “persuasive” above.
Example: “The most compelling argument is presented by Scholar A.”

40. All things considered

Usage: This means “taking everything into account”. Example: “All things considered, it seems reasonable to assume that…”

How many of these words and phrases will you get into your next essay? And are any of your favourite essay terms missing from our list? Let us know in the comments below, or get in touch here to find out more about courses that can help you with your essays.

At Oxford Royale Academy, we offer a number of summer school courses for young people who are keen to improve their essay writing skills. Click here to apply for one of our courses today, including law, politics, business, medicine and engineering.

These useful academic expressions, words, vocabulary and phrases will help you to write a top-notch essay. Writing an essay can be a challenging task. However it becomes simpler if it is divided into manageable pieces. There are three main parts in an essay: an introduction, a body, and a conclusion. You can easily overcome your essay writing task with these academic phrases and vocabulary for essay writing.

Phrases to Finish an Introduction Paragraph

In this essay, I will look at some of the arguments for
This essay will discuss different ways of …
This essay outline some of the reasons why…
Let us examine both views before reaching a concrete decision.
The following essay takes a look at both sides of the argument.

Vocabulary for Opinion Essay 

In my opinion,
I strongly agree with the idea that …
I strongly disagree with the idea that …
I strongly opine that…
I strongly believe that…
In my view…
As far as I am concerned…
It seems to me that…
However, I strongly believe that…
I oppose the view and my reasons will be explained in the following paragraphs.
I will support this view with arguments in the following paragraphs.
I personally believe that…
Thus the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages…

Useful Expressions For Listing Your Ideas

First…
First of all…
Firstly…
First and foremost…
Initially…
To begin with…
To start with…
In the first place…

On the one hand…
Second(ly)… (do not use ‘Second of all’)
Third(ly)…
Then…
Next…
After that…
And…
Again…
Also…
Besides…
Likewise…
In addition…
Consequently…
What’s more…
Furthermore…
Moreover…
Apart from that…

Finally…
Last but not the least…

Check Also:
Vocabulary for Starting Your Essay
How to Write The Best Essay Ever!

Phrases to Show a Comparison in Your Essay

In the same way…
Likewise…
Similarly…
Like the previous point…
Similar to…
Also…
At the same time…
Just as…

Useful Vocabulary and Phrases to Show Contrast

On the other hand…
On the contrary…
However…
Nevertheless…/ Nonetheless…
But…
Nonetheless/ Nevertheless…
Oppositely…
Alternatively…
Unlike…
While…
Whilst…
Although…
Though…
Even though…
Despite… / In spite of…
In spite of the fact that…
Alternatively…
In contrast to this…
Then again…
On the other hand…
Despite the fact that…
Even so…
Yet…
Meanwhile…

Vocabulary For Expressing Condition

If…
Provided that…
Because of that…
For this reason…
Unless…
Providing that…
So that…
In case…
Whether…

Phrases for Expressing Certainty in Your Essay

Certainly…
Definitely…
No doubt…
Of course…
Doubtlessly…
Without any doubt…
Undoubtedly…

Vocabulary for Adding Further Information

In addition…
And…
Moreover…
Similarly…
Furthermore…
Also…
As well as…
Besides…
Even…
Too…
What’s more…
Again…
In a similar fashion…
Likewise…

Expressions for Agreement & Disagreement in Your Essay

While writing your essay, as a writer you are required to show whether you agree & disagree or partially agree with a given statement or opinion.

Vocabulary for Expressing Agreement

I strongly agree…
I completely agree that…
I totally agree with the given idea that…
I agree with the opinion that…
I am quite inclined to the opinion that…
I accept that…
I accept the fact that…
I am in agreement…
I consent that…

Vocabulary for Expressing Disagreement

I disagree with the opinion that…
I strongly disagree…
I completely disagree with…
I totally disagree with the given idea that…
I disagree with the statement…
I quite oppose the opinion that…
I disapprove that…
I totally do not accept the fact that…
My own opinion contradicts…
I disagree with the group of people…
However, my opinion is different from…

Vocabulary for Expressing Partial Agreement

To some extent…
In a way…
I agree with the given statement to some extent…
Up to a point, I agree…
More or less…
So to speak…

 
Essay Expression PDF – (download)

For the vast majority of students, essay writing doesn’t always come easily. Writing at academic level is an acquired skill that can literally take years to master – indeed, many students find they only start to feel really confident writing essays just as their undergraduate course comes to an end!

If this is you, and you’ve come here looking for words and phrases to use in your essay, you’re in the right place. We’ve pulled together a list of essential academic words you can use in the introduction, body, and conclusion of your essays.

Whilst your ideas and arguments should always be your own, borrowing some of the words and phrases listed below is a great way to articulate your ideas more effectively, and ensure that you keep your reader’s attention from start to finish.

It goes without saying (but we’ll say it anyway) that there’s a certain formality that comes with academic writing. Casual and conversational phrases have no place. Obviously, there are no LOLs, LMFAOs, and OMGs. But formal academic writing can be much more subtle than this, and as we’ve mentioned above, requires great skill.

So, to get you started on polishing your own essay writing ability, try using the words in this list as an inspirational starting point.

Words to use in your introduction

The trickiest part of academic writing often comes right at the start, with your introduction. Of course, once you’ve done your plan and have your arguments laid out, you need to actually put pen to paper (or fingers to keyboard) and begin your essay.

You need to consider that your reader doesn’t have a clue about your topic or arguments, so your first sentence must summarise these. Explain what your essay is going to talk about as though you were explaining it to a five year old – without losing the formality of your academic writing, of course! To do this, use any of the below words or phrases to help keep you on track.

1. Firstly, secondly, thirdly

Even though it sounds obvious, your argument will be clearer if you deliver the ideas in the right order. These words can help you to offer clarity and structure to the way you expose your ideas. This is an extremely effective method of presenting the facts clearly. Don’t be too rigid and feel you have to number each point, but using this system can be a good way to get an argument off the ground, and link arguments together.

2. In view of; in light of; considering

These essay phrases are useful to begin your essay. They help you pose your argument based on what other authors have said or a general concern about your research. They can also both be used when a piece of evidence sheds new light on an argument. Here’s an example:

The result of the American invasion has severely impaired American interests in the Middle East, exponentially increasing popular hostility to the United States throughout the region, a factor which has proved to be a powerful recruitment tool for extremist terrorist groups (Isakhan, 2015). Considering [or In light of / In view of] the perceived resulting threat to American interests, it could be argued that the Bush administration failed to fully consider the impact of their actions before pushing forward with the war.

3. According to X; X stated that; referring to the views of X

Introducing the views of an author who has a comprehensive knowledge of your particular area of study is a crucial part of essay writing. Including a quote that fits naturally into your work can be a bit of a struggle, but these academic phrases provide a great way in.

Even though it’s fine to reference a quote in your introduction, we don’t recommend you start your essay with a direct quote. Use your own words to sum up the views you’re mentioning, for example:

As Einstein often reiterated, experiments can prove theories, but experiments don’t give birth to theories.

Rather than:

“A theory can be proved by experiment, but no path leads from experiment to the birth of a theory.” {Albert Einstein, 1954, Einstein: A Biography}.

See the difference?

And be sure to reference correctly too, when using quotes or paraphrasing someone else’s words.

Adding information and flow

The flow of your essay is extremely important. You don’t want your reader to be confused by the rhythm of your writing and get distracted away from your argument, do you? No! So, we recommend using some of the following ‘flow’ words, which are guaranteed to help you articulate your ideas and arguments in a chronological and structured order.

4. Moreover; furthermore; in addition; what’s more

These types of academic phrases are perfect for expanding or adding to a point you’ve already made without interrupting the flow altogether. “Moreover”, “furthermore” and “in addition” are also great linking phrases to begin a new paragraph.

Here are some examples:
The dissociation of tau protein from microtubules destabilises the latter resulting in changes to cell structure, and neuronal transport. Moreover, mitochondrial dysfunction leads to further oxidative stress causing increased levels of nitrous oxide, hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidases.

And:

On the data of this trial, no treatment recommendations should be made. The patients are suspected, but not confirmed, to suffer from pneumonia. Furthermore, five days is too short a follow up time to confirm clinical cure.

5. In order to; to that end; to this end

These are helpful academic phrases to introduce an explanation or state your aim. Oftentimes your essay will have to prove how you intend to achieve your goals. By using these sentences you can easily expand on points that will add clarity to the reader.

For example:

My research entailed hours of listening and recording the sound of whales in order to understand how they communicate.

Or…

Dutch tech companies offer support in the fight against the virus. To this end, an online meeting took place on Wednesday…

Even though we recommend the use of these phrases, DO NOT use them too often. You may think you sound like a real academic but it can be a sign of overwriting!

6. In other words; to put it another way; that is; to put it more simply

Complement complex ideas with simple descriptions by using these sentences. These are excellent academic phrases to improve the continuity of your essay writing. They should be used to explain a point you’ve already made in a slightly different way. Don’t use them to repeat yourself, but rather to elaborate on a certain point that needs further explanation. Or, to succinctly round up what just came before.

For example:
A null hypothesis is a statement that there is no relationship between phenomena. In other words, there is no treatment effect.

Or…

Nothing could come to be in this pre-world time, “because no part of such a time possesses, as compared with any other, a distinguishing condition of existence rather than non-existence.” That is, nothing exists in this pre-world time, and so there can be nothing that causes the world to come into existence.

7. Similarly; likewise; another key fact to remember; as well as; an equally significant aspect of

These essay words are a good choice to add a piece of information that agrees with an argument or fact you just mentioned. In academic writing, it is very relevant to include points of view that concur with your opinion. This will help you to situate your research within a research context.

Also, academic words and phrases like the above are also especially useful so as not to repeat the word ‘also’ too many times. (We did that on purpose to prove our point!) Your reader will be put off by the repetitive use of simple conjunctions. The quality of your essay will drastically improve just by using academic phrases and words such as ‘similarly’, ‘as well as’, etc. Here, let us show you what we mean:

In 1996, then-transport minister Steve Norris enthused about quadrupling cycling trips by 2012. Similarly, former prime minister David Cameron promised a “cycling revolution” in 2013…

Or

Renewable Energy Initiative (AREI) aims to bridge the gap of access to electricity across the continent (…). Another key fact to remember is that it must expand cost-efficient access to electricity to nearly 1 billion people.

The wording “not only… but also” is a useful way to elaborate on a similarity in your arguments but in a more striking way.

Comparing and contrasting information

Academic essays often include opposite opinions or information in order to prove a point. It is important to show all the aspects that are relevant to your research. Include facts and researchers’ views that disagree with a point of your essay to show your knowledge of your particular field of study. Below are a few words and ways of introducing alternative arguments.

8. Conversely; however; alternatively; on the contrary; on the other hand; whereas

Finding a seamless method to present an alternative perspective or theory can be hard work, but these terms and phrases can help you introduce the other side of the argument. Let’s look at some examples:

89% of respondents living in joint families reported feeling financially secure. Conversely, only 64% of those who lived in nuclear families said they felt financially secure.

And…

The first protagonist has a social role to fill in being a father to those around him, whereas the second protagonist relies on the security and knowledge offered to him by Chaplin.

“On the other hand” can also be used to make comparisons when worded together with “on the one hand.”

9. By contrast; in comparison; then again; that said; yet

These essay phrases show contrast, compare facts, and present uncertainty regarding a point in your research. “That said” and “yet” in particular will demonstrate your expertise on a topic by showing the conditions or limitations of your research area. For example:

All the tests were positive. That said, we must also consider the fact that some of them had inconclusive results.

10. Despite this; provided that; nonetheless

Use these phrases and essay words to demonstrate a positive aspect of your subject-matter regardless of lack of evidence, logic, coherence, or criticism. Again, this kind of information adds clarity and expertise to your academic writing.

A good example is:

Despite the criticism received by X, the popularity of X remains undiminished.

11. Importantly; significantly; notably; another key point

Another way to add contrast is by highlighting the relevance of a fact or opinion in the context of your research. These academic words help to introduce a sentence or paragraph that contains a very meaningful point in your essay.

Giving examples

A good piece of academic writing will always include examples. Illustrating your essay with examples will make your arguments stronger. Most of the time, examples are a way to clarify an explanation; they usually offer an image that the reader can recognise. The most common way to introduce an illustration is “for example.” However, in order not to repeat yourself here are a few other options.

12. For instance; to give an illustration of; to exemplify; to demonstrate; as evidence; to elucidate

The academic essays that are receiving top marks are the ones that back up every single point made. These academic phrases are a useful way to introduce an example. If you have a lot of examples, avoid repeating the same phrase to facilitate the readability of your essay.

Here’s an example:

‘High involvement shopping’, an experiential process described by Wu et al. (2015, p. 299) relies upon the development of an identity-based alliance between the customer and the brand. Celebrity status at Prada, for example, has created an alliance between the brand and a new generation of millennial customers.

Concluding your essay

Concluding words for essays are necessary to wrap up your argument. Your conclusion must include a brief summary of the ideas that you just exposed without being redundant. The way these ideas are expressed should lead to the final statement and core point you have arrived at in your present research.

13. In conclusion; to conclude; to summarise; in sum; in the final analysis; on close analysis

These are phrases for essays that will introduce your concluding paragraph. You can use them at the beginning of a sentence. They will show the reader that your essay is coming to an end:

On close analysis and appraisal, we see that the study by Cortis lacks essential features of the highest quality quantitative research.

14. Persuasive; compelling

Essay words like these ones can help you emphasize the most relevant arguments of your paper. Both are used in the same way: “the most persuasive/compelling argument is…”.

15. Therefore; this suggests that; it can be seen that; the consequence is

When you’re explaining the significance of the results of a piece of research, these phrases provide the perfect lead up to your explanation.

16. Above all; chiefly; especially; most significantly; it should be noted

Your summary should include the most relevant information or research factor that guided you to your conclusion. Contrary to words such as “persuasive” or “compelling”, these essay words are helpful to draw attention to an important point. For example:

The feasibility and effectiveness of my research has been proven chiefly in the last round of laboratory tests.

Or…

Film noir is, and will continue to be, highly debatable, controversial, and unmarketable – but above all, for audience members past, present and to come, extremely enjoyable as a form of screen media entertainment.

17. All things considered

This essay phrase is meant to articulate how you give reasons to your conclusions. It means that after you considered all the aspects related to your study, you have arrived to the conclusion you are demonstrating.

Summary

After mastering the use of these academic words and phrases, we guarantee you will see an immediate change in the quality of your essays. The structure will be easier to follow, and the reader’s experience will improve. You’ll also feel more confident articulating your ideas and using facts and examples. So jot them all down, and watch your essays go from ‘good’ to ‘great’!

Students often have a question, how to make an essay interesting. I know the answer, and in this blog, you will going to read the answer or the method by which you can make an interesting essay. But before delving into the answer, first, we should need to know the basic elements of the essay. An essay is comprised of many things namely, essay words, phrases, sentences, ideas, expressions, research, format etc. These things together make an appealing essay. But the most important thing out of all these is essay words. So, today in this blog we will focus on essay words mainly.

Words to use in an essay introduction

An introduction is the first thing a reader sees in your essay. Most of the students or budding writers believed that readers only focus on the central part of the essay. But, that is not true at all. The introduction has the main role in any type of writing as it creates the first impression on the reader. If your intro is not well written, no one will bother for the central part.

Writing a perfect and eye-catching introduction is quite challenging for students. Even the first word or sentence has a lot of potentials to create a good or bad impact on reader’s mind, so be thoughtful while using the words for your introduction.

To simply your selection of essay words, I have written some of the most important words and phrases to use in an essay introduction.  

Essay words and phrases list for an introduction

• Myriad
• Initiate
• Onset
• To begin with
• Complex problem
• Foremost
• Challenging
• Significance
• Importance
• The purpose of this essay
• This essay discusses
• Central idea of this essay
• They key elements in this essay
• The need for writing this essay
• This topic is important as
• The technique used in the essay
• The key problem discussed
• As far as we know
• You all must have an idea
• Aim of writing this essay
• The  main objective of writing

These are the common essay words and phrases one can use while composing the introduction section of any essay. Moreover, one more thing you need to look out is that your essay introduction should start with a hook sentence or quotation. Most of the writers make or use famous proverbs at the beginning of the essay or any piece of writing. You might have read various novels that start with a proverb or catchy line, or line from the poetry of some famous poet. For example, Chinua Achebe’s novel “Things Fall Apart” marks the beginning with a line 

Turning and turning in the widening gyre

The Falcon cannot hear the falconer;

Things fall apart: the center cannot hold:

Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world.

These lines are taken from Lord Byron’s poem “The Second Coming”. The purpose of using these lines is to set the tone for the whole novel. Similar kind of technique can be used by essay writers for their essays.

Read Also- Ask us for the Curtin University Assignment Help.

Words to use in the body of the essay

After completing the introduction of the essay, the next thing is the body of the essay. Body of the essay is a place where a writer can put up arguments and supportive evidence. Write the body into several parts and each part should have a discussion of viewpoint with substantial evidence to support. 

Along with good evidence and viewpoint, you need to have good words to express and impress the readers with your point of view. You writing should let the readers believe in you. You can use the following words in order to write a good body of your essay.

Essay words list for the body of the essay

• Firstly..Secondly…Thirdly…
• To start with the argument
• In my opinion
• On the one hand…On the other hand
• Contrastingly
• Contradictory
• Likewise
• Similarly
• In spite of / Despite
• Furthermore
• Moreover
• Besides
• To evaluate
• Notwithstanding
• I begin with an argument..

These are the words you can use while writing the body of your essay. Remember to use them judiciously, don’t put them if they are not making sense. Read what to write in the body of five-paragraph essay to know how to write it.

Words to use in an essay while writing the conclusion

Now you are done with the first two paragraphs, it is time to write a proper conclusion. Most of you are thinking, why waste time in conclusion, it should just be a summary of the whole work. That is not the case. The conclusion is as important as any other part of the essay. You might lose some serious marks if not write it correctly. Below you may see some words to use while writing the conclusion of the essay.

Essay words list to use in the conclusion

• Concluding everything
• In a nutshell
• To conclude
• To sum up things
• In short
• In summary
• It has been shown that
• Thus
• Therefore
• To summarize the whole essay
• In brief
• To end up
• To take stock
• So, 
• In the end
• At last
• To wrap up the things

Use these words in conclusion and end your essay on a pleasant note.

Other than these words one must need to focus on the vocabulary of the essay. Next section will be about the vocabulary to use in an essay.

A vocabulary to use in an essay

The vocabulary of an essay is the general essay words that need to be used in the whole essay at different places as per the requirements. Essay vocabulary has certain words that will help by enhancing your writing style. Have a look at them

Accept	Significance	Certain	Justify	Judicious	Persuasive	Precede
Accordingly	Raised	Introduction	Latter	Narrative	Nevertheless	Notwithstanding
Actually	Analogy	Initially	Instance	Intend	Particular	Paradigm
Additionally	Analysis	Illustrate	Assumption	Implicit	Include	Indicate
In addition	Apply	Explicit	Extend	Elucidate	Extent	Former
Admit	Assess	Explain	Exception	Exemplify	Exemplary	Exclude
Adjacent	Amplify	Description	Dubious	Enumerate	Equal	Equivalent
Affirmative	Alternative	Contrary	Consequently	Conversely	Decline	Deduce
Negate	Catalogue	Conclude	Conditional	Conclusion	Conjunction	Connect
Negatively	Brief	Claim	Clarification	Clarify	Clause	Coherence
Alleged	Generalization	Evident	Evaluate	Compound	Consistent	Denotation
Furthermore	Example	Establish	Presumably	Define	Consider	Comparison
Opinion	Parallel	Inevitable	Paramount	Infer	Compare	Connotation
Definitely	Essential	Eventual	Foremost	Induce	Paradox	Obvious
Phrase

These are more than enough essay words that one can use in essay writing. Such words convey your ideas and thoughts more precisely in the essay. Make yourself familiar with these words and write a masterpiece for yourself. You can also refer to Owlcation to get more tips on essay writing. There you will find some more ways of writing an essay.

Different types of essay writing

Now you have understood about the essay words, now it is time to identify what type of essay you have to write. Yes, you heard it right. Essays are of different types as per the need and subject. Your type of essay depends upon the goal. Whether you want to describe something, narrate an experience or story, explain an issue or convince someone. So, let us have a look at different types of essays.

Read Also- Tips to get Successful Academic Career.

Narrative essay

Narrative essays are used to tell a story about a real-life experience. Often students think that such essays are easy to write but they are challenging. The main challenge is to self introspect. You might face difficulty while writing about yourself. Sometimes you may not get the right words to define your personality other time you are not completely aware of yourself. 

The aim of a narrative essay is to involve the readers as much as possible, that can be only possible if you provide description vividly. To know how to write narrative essay read narrative essay outline.

Descriptive essay

This type of essay is almost similar to a narrative essay, here you have to paint a picture in the reader’s mind through your words. Here the work of a writer is to describe a place, object, memory or a person. A descriptive essay is not just a mere description, rather it consists of hidden or deep meaning. While writing a descriptive essay, remember to show rather than telling anything. Use sensory words, colourful details to make things felt. Your essay should appeal to the emotions of the reader. Read more about descriptive essay here: Key to write a descriptive essay.

Expository essay

If you are good in collecting facts, you can write a good expository essay. Expository essays are informative essays. In this type of essay, information presents a good analysis of a topic. Here a writer uses facts, statistical data and lots of examples to explain the topic perfectly. Your essay can be an eyesore if your facts are wrong. So choose from the write sources or else take online essay help from experts. Remember, not to make an emotional appeal in an expository essay, as they are completely factual.

Persuasive essay

As the name suggests, these essays are used to persuade readers. Write aims to convince the reader with his/her point of view. Here also you have to take the help of facts and figures and build your case with it. Your essay should adhere to logic and rationality. The writer needs to provide all sides of the argument but clearly tells why his/her viewpoint is more suitable or correct.

These are the four major types of essay writing in academics. Gain perfection in them or take essay help online from allassignmenthelp.com. Other than academic essays one more type of essay is there, that is a college application essay, this type of essay comes under the category of non-academic writing. Such essays are used for taking admission in college. You can get help in college application essay as well from allassignmenthelp.com. 

Allassignmenthelp.com – A place to get high scoring essays

It evident that every student wants to score excellently in academics. No one prefers to attain poor grades. But, even after doing a lot of hard work, many students fail to make a good impact on scorecards. Most of the students fail to write impeccable essays. Thus, lose some important marks. Moreover, those who write well, fail to stick to the deadlines. That is why it would be a wise decision to take online essay help from allassignmenthelp.com. Here, you will find the essay writers who are having great expertise in composing unblemished essays. Our writers carry out research and then write essays for students. Along with essay help, you will get the following benefits as well.

• Heavy discounts on all types of academic writing services. We provide discounts as well as cashback on all types of assignments.
• Information from a trusted source. Our writers take down the essay work by collecting the information from reliable websites and books. 
• No plagiarism in the work provided by us. You will get Turnitin report as well along with the assignment.
• Get your work without any delay. We will deliver the assignments to students as per the date of delivery mentioned by them. Our writers never cross the deadlines.

There are more benefits and services you can take from allassignmenthelp.com. Visit our main website and get your essay now. To order your essay instantly click the button below. 

General explaining

Let’s start by looking at language for general explanations of complex points.

1. In order to

Usage: “In order to” can be used to introduce an explanation for the purpose of an argument.

Example: “In order to understand X, we need first to understand Y.”

2. In other words

Usage: Use “in other words” when you want to express something in a different way (more simply), to make it easier to understand, or to emphasise or expand on a point.

Example: “Frogs are amphibians. In other words, they live on the land and in the water.”

3. To put it another way

Usage: This phrase is another way of saying “in other words”, and can be used in particularly complex points, when you feel that an alternative way of wording a problem may help the reader achieve a better understanding of its significance.

Example: “Plants rely on photosynthesis. To put it another way, they will die without the sun.”

4. That is to say

Usage: “That is” and “that is to say” can be used to add further detail to your explanation, or to be more precise.

Example: “Whales are mammals. That is to say, they must breathe air.”

5. To that end

Usage: Use “to that end” or “to this end” in a similar way to “in order to” or “so”.

Example: “Zoologists have long sought to understand how animals communicate with each other. To that end, a new study has been launched that looks at elephant sounds and their possible meanings.”

Adding additional information to support a point

Students often make the mistake of using synonyms of “and” each time they want to add further information in support of a point they’re making, or to build an argument. Here are some cleverer ways of doing this.

6. Moreover

Usage: Employ “moreover” at the start of a sentence to add extra information in support of a point you’re making.

Example: “Moreover, the results of a recent piece of research provide compelling evidence in support of…”

7. Furthermore

Usage:This is also generally used at the start of a sentence, to add extra information.

Example: “Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that…”

8. What’s more

Usage: This is used in the same way as “moreover” and “furthermore”.

Example: “What’s more, this isn’t the only evidence that supports this hypothesis.”

9. Likewise

Usage: Use “likewise” when you want to talk about something that agrees with what you’ve just mentioned.

Example: “Scholar A believes X. Likewise, Scholar B argues compellingly in favour of this point of view.”

10. Similarly

Usage: Use “similarly” in the same way as “likewise”.

Example: “Audiences at the time reacted with shock to Beethoven’s new work, because it was very different to what they were used to. Similarly, we have a tendency to react with surprise to the unfamiliar.”

11. Another key thing to remember

Usage: Use the phrase “another key point to remember” or “another key fact to remember” to introduce additional facts without using the word “also”.

Example: “As a Romantic, Blake was a proponent of a closer relationship between humans and nature. Another key point to remember is that Blake was writing during the Industrial Revolution, which had a major impact on the world around him.”

12. As well as

Usage: Use “as well as” instead of “also” or “and”.

Example: “Scholar A argued that this was due to X, as well as Y.”

13. Not only… but also

Usage: This wording is used to add an extra piece of information, often something that’s in some way more surprising or unexpected than the first piece of information.

Example: “Not only did Edmund Hillary have the honour of being the first to reach the summit of Everest, but he was also appointed Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire.”

14. Coupled with

Usage: Used when considering two or more arguments at a time.

Example: “Coupled with the literary evidence, the statistics paint a compelling view of…”

15. Firstly, secondly, thirdly…

Usage: This can be used to structure an argument, presenting facts clearly one after the other.

Example: “There are many points in support of this view. Firstly, X. Secondly, Y. And thirdly, Z.

16. Not to mention/to say nothing of

Usage: “Not to mention” and “to say nothing of” can be used to add extra information with a bit of emphasis.

Example: “The war caused unprecedented suffering to millions of people, not to mention its impact on the country’s economy.”

Words and phrases for demonstrating contrast

When you’re developing an argument, you will often need to present contrasting or opposing opinions or evidence – “it could show this, but it could also show this”, or “X says this, but Y disagrees”. This section covers words you can use instead of the “but” in these examples, to make your writing sound more intelligent and interesting.

17. However

Usage: Use “however” to introduce a point that disagrees with what you’ve just said.

Example: “Scholar A thinks this. However, Scholar B reached a different conclusion.”

18. On the other hand

Usage: Usage of this phrase includes introducing a contrasting interpretation of the same piece of evidence, a different piece of evidence that suggests something else, or an opposing opinion.

Example: “The historical evidence appears to suggest a clear-cut situation. On the other hand, the archaeological evidence presents a somewhat less straightforward picture of what happened that day.”

19. Having said that

Usage: Used in a similar manner to “on the other hand” or “but”.

Example: “The historians are unanimous in telling us X, an agreement that suggests that this version of events must be an accurate account. Having said that, the archaeology tells a different story.”

20. By contrast/in comparison

Usage: Use “by contrast” or “in comparison” when you’re comparing and contrasting pieces of evidence.

Example: “Scholar A’s opinion, then, is based on insufficient evidence. By contrast, Scholar B’s opinion seems more plausible.”

21. Then again

Usage: Use this to cast doubt on an assertion.

Example: “Writer A asserts that this was the reason for what happened. Then again, it’s possible that he was being paid to say this.”

22. That said

Usage: This is used in the same way as “then again”.

Example: “The evidence ostensibly appears to point to this conclusion. That said, much of the evidence is unreliable at best.”

23. Yet

Usage: Use this when you want to introduce a contrasting idea.

Example: “Much of scholarship has focused on this evidence. Yet not everyone agrees that this is the most important aspect of the situation.”

Adding a proviso or acknowledging reservations

Sometimes, you may need to acknowledge a shortfalling in a piece of evidence, or add a proviso. Here are some ways of doing so.

24. Despite this

Usage: Use “despite this” or “in spite of this” when you want to outline a point that stands regardless of a shortfalling in the evidence.

Example: “The sample size was small, but the results were important despite this.”

25. With this in mind

Usage: Use this when you want your reader to consider a point in the knowledge of something else.

Example: “We’ve seen that the methods used in the 19th century study did not always live up to the rigorous standards expected in scientific research today, which makes it difficult to draw definite conclusions. With this in mind, let’s look at a more recent study to see how the results compare.”

26. Provided that

Usage: This means “on condition that”. You can also say “providing that” or just “providing” to mean the same thing.

Example: “We may use this as evidence to support our argument, provided that we bear in mind the limitations of the methods used to obtain it.”

27. In view of/in light of

Usage: These phrases are used when something has shed light on something else.

Example: “In light of the evidence from the 2013 study, we have a better understanding of…”

28. Nonetheless

Usage: This is similar to “despite this”.

Example: “The study had its limitations, but it was nonetheless groundbreaking for its day.”

29. Nevertheless

Usage: This is the same as “nonetheless”.

Example: “The study was flawed, but it was important nevertheless.”

30. Notwithstanding

Usage: This is another way of saying “nonetheless”.

Example: “Notwithstanding the limitations of the methodology used, it was an important study in the development of how we view the workings of the human mind.”

Giving examples

Good essays always back up points with examples, but it’s going to get boring if you use the expression “for example” every time. Here are a couple of other ways of saying the same thing.

31. For instance

Example: “Some birds migrate to avoid harsher winter climates. Swallows, for instance, leave the UK in early winter and fly south…”

32. To give an illustration

Example: “To give an illustration of what I mean, let’s look at the case of…”

Signifying importance

When you want to demonstrate that a point is particularly important, there are several ways of highlighting it as such.

33. Significantly

Usage: Used to introduce a point that is loaded with meaning that might not be immediately apparent.

Example: “Significantly, Tacitus omits to tell us the kind of gossip prevalent in Suetonius’ accounts of the same period.”

34. Notably

Usage: This can be used to mean “significantly” (as above), and it can also be used interchangeably with “in particular” (the example below demonstrates the first of these ways of using it).

Example: “Actual figures are notably absent from Scholar A’s analysis.”

35. Importantly

Usage: Use “importantly” interchangeably with “significantly”.

Example: “Importantly, Scholar A was being employed by X when he wrote this work, and was presumably therefore under pressure to portray the situation more favourably than he perhaps might otherwise have done.”

Summarising

You’ve almost made it to the end of the essay, but your work isn’t over yet. You need to end by wrapping up everything you’ve talked about, showing that you’ve considered the arguments on both sides and reached the most likely conclusion. Here are some words and phrases to help you.

36. In conclusion

Usage: Typically used to introduce the concluding paragraph or sentence of an essay, summarising what you’ve discussed in a broad overview.

Example: “In conclusion, the evidence points almost exclusively to Argument A.”

37. Above all

Usage: Used to signify what you believe to be the most significant point, and the main takeaway from the essay.

Example: “Above all, it seems pertinent to remember that…”

38. Persuasive

Usage: This is a useful word to use when summarising which argument you find most convincing.

Example: “Scholar A’s point – that Constanze Mozart was motivated by financial gain – seems to me to be the most persuasive argument for her actions following Mozart’s death.”

39. Compelling

Usage: Use in the same way as “persuasive” above.

Example: “The most compelling argument is presented by Scholar A.”

40. All things considered

Usage: This means “taking everything into account”.

Example: “All things considered, it seems reasonable to assume that…”

How many of these words and phrases will you get into your next essay? And are any of your favourite essay terms missing from our list? Let us know in the comments below!

Additional Information ( more examples)

+20 Examples of Important Transition Words

Additional Information

There are many linking words which can lead us into additional information and while it is useful to vary your vocabulary beyond ‘and,’ these words are not mere replacements for ‘and.’ They have nuanced differences, thus, by these particular meanings, we can offer a more delicate illustration of the relationships between our ideas.

• ‘Furthermore’ is used to add information that expands upon the previous point. It precedes information that expands upon that already given. It usually occurs at the beginning of an independent clause.
• ‘Moreover’ and ‘More so’ are both similar to ‘furthermore’ while giving special emphasis to the greater importance of the following clause.
• “Despite cutting back on other staff, her father gave her a position, furthermore, he gave her an enviable office while still not having a role for her.”
• Writers also sequence additional information. ‘Firstly,’ ‘secondly’ and ‘thirdly’ are obvious options used to achieve this, however, there are others. For example, we can look into the past with ‘previously,’ ‘until the present’ or ‘preceded by.’
• “Present growth in the company was *preceded by several quarters of stagnation”*
• ‘Meanwhile’ and ‘simultaneously’ talk about things which are happening at the same time as another, while ‘concurrently’ does this while emphasising that the two ideas have played out in conjunction with one another.
• Usually, ‘incidentally’ is used to add relevant information while downplaying its significance compared with that of other ideas.
• “The priority of the zoo had been to protect species’ from extinction. The panda breeding program was enjoying some rare success, while simultaneously, other programs to increase the numbers of endangered species were being trialled. Meanwhile, the zoo was being visited by an influx of tourists who were, incidentally, able to enjoy seeing the young animals.”
• ‘Subsequently’ and ‘afterward’ lead into information after the fact.

Compare and Contrast

When writers need to illustrate similarity they can employ words such as ‘in like manner,’‘comparatively,’ and ‘correspondingly.’ Whereas, when they wish to highlight difference they have phrases like ‘on the contrary,’ ‘however,’ ‘notwithstanding,’ ‘nevertheless’ and ‘on the other hand.’

Notwithstanding the vehement opposition to online education programs being made available to inmates, considerable improvements were made to the re-employment prospects of many offenders who benefited from the trial. On the contrary, prisoners who were not able to access education while incarcerated were found to be more likely to reoffend and return to prison.

Clarification

When it comes time to clarify an argument or point, some of the transitional phrases which are used are, ‘to reiterate,’ ‘specifically,’ or ‘inasmuch as.’

Consequence and Conclusion

When we have lead our reader through our flow of logic, there might be nothing more rewarding than driving our point home by showing consequence or concluding our arguments. There are a lot of strong phrases such as ‘accordingly,’ ‘hence,’ ‘thus’ and ‘thereupon’ which can do this.

I hope you will feel encouraged, by this article, to continue to further your understanding of how transitional words can work to guide your reader through your flow of logic. When used well, they add power and order to your argument and can add to the result you see from your work.

Из этой статьи вы узнаете, какие вводные слова и сложно-подчинительные  союзы (слова-связки) используются в письменной работе по английскому языку, например, в эссе. Это вид работы относится к официальному стилю и с 2014 года входит в ЕГЭ по английскому языку. Ознакомиться с правилами написания эссе можно здесь — Как писать эссе по английскому языку. В конце статьи вы найдете также ПОЛЕЗНЫЕ СОВЕТЫ, что можно писать в эссе, а что нельзя.

Слова-связки в письменной работе по английскому языку

В любой письменной работе по английскому контролируется не только грамматика и лексика, но и логика, следовательно ваше эссе должно быть максимально логично. Чем логичнее вы напишите, тем понятнее будет ваше эссе проверяющему и тем больше баллов он вам поставит. Поэтому в эссе вы должны использовать различные вводные слова и сложно-подчинительные союзы, говоря простым языком, слова-связки.

---

I. Opinion Words

Первая группа слов называется «opinion words». Вы обязательно используете их, так как пишите «opinion-composition»:
• To my mind, … — По моему мнению, …
• From my point of view, … — С моей точки зрения, …
• In my opinion, … — По моему мнению, …

---

II. Introducing Words

Вторая группа слов называется «introducing words». Это слова, с помощью которых вы вводите первый и самый важный аргумент в защиту своей точки зрения:

• To begin with, …  —  Для начала, …
• To start with, … — Для начала, …
• The first thing to be considered is … — Первое, чтобы я хотел рассмотреть, …

---

III. Listing Words

Третья группа слов называется «listing words» (list — по-английски «список»). Это слова, с помощью которых вы последовательно аргументируете свое мнение:
• First of all, …  — Во-первых, …
• Second (ly), …  — Во-вторых, …
• In the second place I would like to mention … — На втором месте, …
• Third (ly), … — В-третьих, …
• Finally, … — В конце концов, …

---

IV. Adding Words

Четвертая группа слов называется «adding words». Это слова, с помощью которых вы можете добавлять аргументы в защиту своей точки зрения:
• Moreover, … — Более того
• What is more, … — Более того
• More than that, … — Более того
• Besides, … — Кроме того
• In addition, … — В добавление
• Furthermore, … — Более того
• Next … — Следующее
• Also … — Также
• Plus … — К тому же

Слова Another thing & too — нельзя использовать в эссе, так как они относятся к неформальному стилю, характерному, например, для личного письма.

Третья и четвертая группы взаимозаменяемы!

---

V. Contrasting Words

Пятая группа слов — это «contrasting words». Обратите внимание, что именно с такого слова вы начинаете третий абзац эссе.

• However, … — Однако …
• Nevertheless, …  — Тем не менее …
• In contrast, … — В противоположность, …
• On the other hand, … — С другой стороны, …

Слово But — нельзя использовать в эссе, так как оно относится к неформальному стилю, характерному, например, для личного письма.

---

VI. Giving Examples

Также в эссе можно приводить примеры и ссылаться на мнение разных авторитетных источников, поэтому запомните слова из следующей группы. Это группа слов называется «giving examples».
• for example, — например, …
• such as — такие как
• like — как, подобно
• according to smb — согласно словам «кого-либо»

---

VII. Concluding Words

В последнем абзаце вы делаете вывод, поэтому начните его с одного слова из следующей группы на выбор. Это группа слов называется «concluding words»

To sum up, …  — В заключение, …
To conclude, … — В заключение, …
In conclusion, … — В заключение, …
All in all, … — В общем, …
All things considered, … — Принимая во внимание все изложенное, …

---

VIII. Cause and Effect Words

И, наконец, очень важная группа слов, которая содержит причинно-следственные союзы:
• as a result — в результате
• as — так как
• because — потому  что
• so — поэтому
• that is why — поэтому
• thus — таким образом

Обязательно используйте причинно-следственные союзы в эссе по английскому языку, так как они помогут вам выразить свои мысли логично, а это очень и очень ВАЖНО.

Изучите данный ниже шаблон эссе, чтобы понять, как правильно использовать все вышеперечисленные слова-связки в эссе по английскому языку.

 4. Полезные советы

Но это еще не все! Самое сложное то, что написать эссе по английскому языку придется за ограниченное время — 40 минут. Как это сделать максимально эффективно?

КАК НАПИСАТЬ ЭССЕ ПО АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ ЗА 40 МИНУТ

1) прочитайте задание и определите основную проблему;
2) определитесь со своей точкой зрения (вы за или против);
3) напишите аргументы (2-3) и их обоснование на черновике;
4) отразите различные аспекты проблемы (социальные, экономические, моральные);
5) раскройте один из аспектов более детально;
6) и, ГЛАВНОЕ, писать эссе следует без черновика, держа в уме шаблон эссе (ниже)

ВАЖНО:
Эссе относится к официальному стилю поэтому в эссе недопустимы
• сокращения типа: isn’t, don’t, that’s why
• фразовые глаголы и другие разговорные выражение типа характерные для неформального стиля (of course, etc.)
• не используйте скобки и восклицательные знаки по той же причине
• не начинайте предложение со слов But или And. Используйте вместо них любое слово из группы 4.

---

Фразы и примерная структура эссе на английском языке

Начало эссе (фактически — сочинения на заданную тему) — постановка проблемы. В первом абзаце (введении) необходимо сообщить читателю тему Вашего эссе, перефразировав ее, используя синонимы ключевых слов (показывая, что вы её осмыслили). Затем следует намекнуть читателю, какую позицию займете Вы. Используйте безличные или неопределенно-личные предложения, чтобы подчеркнуть свою объективность.
Many people think … but others do not agree.	Многие люди думают, (что) … , но другие не согласны.
Let us consider what the advantages and disadvantages of … are.	Рассмотрим, каковы преимущества и недостатки … .
Let’s consider some pros and cons of it.	Давайте рассмотрим некоторые плюсы и минусы (этого).
Let us start by considering the facts.	Начнем с рассмотрения фактов.
Let us start by considering pros and cons of it.	Начнем с рассмотрения плюсов и минусов (этого).
It is generally agreed today that …	Сегодня общепризнано, что … .

Следующие фразы можно использовать, если требуется рассмотреть аргументы «за» и «против». Не забывайте использовать слова-связки.
To begin with, … .	Начнем с того, что … .
You can … .	Вы можете (Можно) … .
Firstly, … / Secondly, … / Finally, … .	Во-первых, … / Во-вторых, …/ Наконец, … .
One argument in support of … .	Один из аргументов в поддержку … .
The first thing that needs to be said is … .	Первое, что нужно сказать, это то, что … . (Прежде всего, следует сказать, что … .)
First and foremost … .	В первую очередь … .
It is true that … / clear that … / noticeable that … .	Это правда, что … / Ясно, что … / Примечательно, что …
One should note here that … .	Здесь следует отметить, что … .
Another good thing about … is that … .	Еще один положительный момент … заключается в (том, что) … .
The second reason for … .	Вторая причина … .
It is often said that … .	Часто говорят, что … .
It is undeniable that…	Нельзя отрицать, что … .
It is a well-known fact that … .	Хорошо известно, что … .
For the great majority of people … .	Для подавляющего большинства людей … .
We live in a world in which … .	Мы живем в мире, в котором … .
A number of key issues arise from the statement. For instance, … .	Это утверждение затрагивает ряд ключевых вопросов. Например, … .
One of the most striking features of this problem is … .	Один из самых поразительных аспектов этой проблемы … .
First of all, let us try to understand … .	Прежде всего, давайте попытаемся понять … .
The public in general tend to believe that … .	Общественность в целом склонна полагать, что … .
What is more, … .	Более того, … .
Besides, … because it is … .	Кроме того, … потому что … .
Doubtless, … .	Несомненно, … .
One cannot deny that … .	Нельзя отрицать, что … .
It is (very) clear from these observations that … .	Из этих наблюдений (абсолютно) ясно, что … .

On the other hand, we can observe that … .	С другой стороны, мы можем наблюдать, что … .
The other side of the coin is, however, that … .	Однако, с другой стороны, … .
Another way of looking at this question is to … .	Чтобы взглянуть на эту проблему с другой стороны, надо … .
One should, nevertheless, consider the problem from another angle.	Тем не менее, следует взглянуть на эту проблему с другой стороны.
One should, however, not forget that … .	Тем не менее, не следует забывать, что … .
If on the one hand it can be said that … the same is not true for … .	И если с одной стороны, можно сказать, что … , то же самое нельзя сказать о … .
On the other hand, … .	С другой стороны, … .
Although … .	Хотя … .
Besides, … .	Кроме того, … .
Moreover, … .	Более того, … .
Furthermore, one should not forget that … .	Кроме того, не следует забывать, что … .
In addition to … .	Кроме (того, что) … .
Nevertheless, one should accept that … .	Тем не менее, следует признать, что … .
However, we also agree that … .	Однако, мы также согласны с тем, что … .

Подкрепить свою мысль можно мнением (неких абстрактных) экспертов.
Experts…	Эксперты …
… believe that … .	… считают, что … .
… say that … .	… говорят, что … .
… suggest that … .	… предполагают, что … .
… are convinced that … .	… убеждены, что … .
… point out that … .	… отмечают, что … .
… emphasize that … .	… подчеркивают, что … .
According to some experts…	По мнению некоторых экспертов, … .
Perhaps we should also point out the fact that … .	Возможно, нам также следует отметить тот факт, что … .
It would be unfair not to mention that fact that … .	Было бы несправедливо не упомянуть тот факт, что … .
One must admit that … .	Надо признать, что … .
We cannot ignore the fact that … .	Мы не можем игнорировать тот факт, что … .
One cannot possibly accept the fact that … .	Трудно смириться с тем фактом, что … .
From these facts, one may conclude that … .	Из этих фактов, можно сделать вывод (о том), что … .
Which seems to confirm the idea that … .	Что, по-видимому, подтверждает мысль (о том), что … .
Thus, … / Therefore,…	Таким образом, … / Поэтому … .
The most common argument against this is that … .	Наиболее распространенным аргументом против этого является то, что … .

В заключении эссе делаете вывод.
In conclusion, I can say that although … , … .	В заключение я могу сказать, что, хотя … , … .
To draw the conclusion, one can say that … .	Подводя итог, можно сказать, что … .
So it’s up to everybody to decide whether … or not.	Так что каждый должен решить для себя … ли … , или нет.
The arguments we have presented … suggest that … / prove that … / would indicate that … .	Представленные нами аргументы … предполагают, что … / доказывают, что … / указывают на то, что … .
From these arguments one must … / could… / might … conclude that … .	Исходя из этих аргументов, надо … / можно … / можно было бы … прийти к заключению о том, что … .

Образец эссе с аргументацией «за» и «против»

Введение в тему	In today’s world of fierce competition, it is important for young people to get well-prepared for the challenges of the future. Thus the institution of gap year can be regarded as a step in the right direction though it is also not without its problems.
Аргументы «за»	In its favour, the gap year seems to be useful psychologically as it helps young people understand their needs and interest better before they actually commit themselves to any particular career path. Besides, the gap year has educational advantages because it offers a lot of opportunities to learn about the world and one’s own place in it. For all these reasons, the gap year can be regarded as a positive social institution.
Аргументы «против»	However, as critics are quick to point out, the gap year can in fact be harmful as it interrupts with the rhythm of learning and often makes it difficult for students to return to their studies. Apart from that, unfortunately not every young person can afford to travel around the world and many of them end up sitting around at home, which can be very demotivating.
Заключение	All in all, the gap year may arouse mixed feelings, but still thousands of people every year take a year off. One can only hope they will use it fruitfully, minimizing the dangers and taking full advantage of its benefits.

Характерные черты эссе с аргументацией «за» и «против»	Рекомендуемые вводные фразы
1. Введение: начните с общего представления темы (In today’s world… it is important) и предложения, выражающего её двойственный характер (It can be regarded as… but not without its problems).	1. Введение: The problem / issue / phenomenon of… is / has always been…, People always say / have always thought / agreed /said / believed…, It is a controversial / burning / hot question…, There is no agreement…
2. Основная часть: представьте аргументы «за» (In its favour) и затем аргументы «против» (However, critics are quick to point out). Как показано в образце, вы можете представить аргументы «за» и «против» в отдельных абзацах. Старайтесь, представлять их симметрично (например, социальные, образовательные и психологические аспекты проблемы). Помните, что эссе такого типа требует сбалансированной аргументации.	2. Основная часть: Типичные союзы и союзные обороты: on the one hand… on the other hand; Firstly, To begin with, Secondly, Finally; In addition, Besides, Moreover, What is more, Furthermore; However, Despite this, In spite of this; In fact, As a matter of fact; As a result, Consequently Другие выражения: One major advantage is…, As advocates of…claim / argue, As critics point out / claim…, There are a number of disadvantages / weaknesses / drawbacks / downsides
3. Заключение: четко подведите итог сказанному (All in all) и снова напишите предложение, отражающее противоречивость темы, но в то же время выражающее надежду на нахождение компромисса (One can hope … minimizing the danger and talking full advantage of benefits).	3. Заключение: All in all, To sum up, In conclusion, In summary, In general; it seems important to add/point out/remind that…, the issue / debate is far from…

Распространенные вводные фразы на английском языке

Вводные фразы	Introductory Phrases
Более того, …	Moreover, …
Больше всего …	Most of all, …
Важно отметить, что …	It is important to note that …
Важно помнить, что …	It is important to remember that …
Важным является то, что …	An important point is that …
В данный момент, …	Аt the moment, …
В заключение, …	In conclusion,…
В конце концов, …	After all, …
В любом случае, …	In any case, … / Anyway, … / Either way, …
Вообще-то, …	Actually, …
Во-первых, …	Firstly, …
В общем, …	All in all, …
Вместо того, чтобы …	Instead of …
В первую очередь, …	In the first place, …
Время от времени, …	From time to time, …
В результате …	Аs a result of …
Действительно, …	Indeed, …
Для того, чтобы …	In order to …
Должен признать, …	I must admit, …
Другими словами, …	In other words, …
Имеет смысл …	It makes sense (to) …
Кажется, (что) …	It seems that …
Короче, … / Короче говоря, …	In short, … / In a nutshell, …
Кроме того, …	Besides, …
К счастью …	Luckily, … / Fortunately, …
К сожалению, …	Unfortunately, …
К тому же, …	In addition, …
Между прочим, … / Кстати, …	By the way, …
Мне следовало бы …	I should … / I had better …
Может показаться, что …	It may seem that …
Наконец, …	Finally, …
На самом деле, …	In fact, … / Actually, …
Насколько я знаю …	As far as I know, …
Насколько я могу судить, ….	as far as I can judge, …
Не важно, что …	It doesn’t matter that …
Не удивительно, что …	It is not surprising that… / It is no great surprise that …
Но кроме этого …	But other than that, …
Однако, … / Тем не менее, …	However, …
Одним словом, …	In a word, …
Оказалось, что …	It turned out that …
Откровенно говоря, … / Честно говоря, …	Frankly speaking, … / To tell the truth, …
По моему мнению, …	In my opinion, ….
По правде говоря, …	To tell the truth, …
По сути дела, …	As a matter of fact, …
Прежде всего, …	First of all, … / Above all, …
Само собой понятно, что …	It is self-evident that …
Само собой разумеется, что…	It goes without saying that …
Следует отметить, что …	It should be noted that …
Сначала …	Аt first, … / First, …
Советую вам …	I advise you (to) …
С одной стороны, … , с другой стороны, …	On the one hand, … , on the other hand, …
Также …	Also, …
Так же как и …	As well as …
Тем временем, …	Meanwhile, … / Meantime, …
Тем не менее, … / Всё-таки, … / Однако, …	Nevertheless, …
Хорошо известно, что …	It is well known that …
Что касается …	As for … / Concerning …
Это может означать, что …	It can mean, that …
Я бы предпочел …	I would rather …
Я бы хотел …	I would like to …
Я думаю, … / Я полагаю, … / Я считаю, …	I think, … / I believe, … / I guess, …