English word classes exercise - Word и Excel - помощь в работе с программами

Word classes or grammatical classes are sets that serve to classify words under the morphological aspect.

There are 10 word classes: noun, verb, adjective, pronoun, article, numeral, preposition, conjunction, interjection and adverb.

Check out the questions on this topic commented by our expert professors.

question 1

(And either)

the world is big
The world is big and it fits
In this window over the sea.
The sea is big and it fits
In bed and mattress to love.
love is big and it fits
In the brief space of kissing.

_{ANDRADE, Carlos Drummond de. Poetry and prose. Rio de Janeiro: Nova Aguilar, 1983.}

In this poem, the poet made a stylistic option: the reiteration of certain linguistic constructions and expressions, such as the use of the same conjunction to establish the relationship between sentences. This conjunction establishes, among the related ideas, a sense of:

a) opposition
b) comparison
c) conclusion
d) alternation
e) purpose

See Answer

Correct alternative: a) opposition

a) CORRECT. The conjunction used «and» («The world is big

and it fits», «The sea is big and it fits», «Love is great and fit») is classified as adversative coordinative, because it expresses opposition. For a better understanding, we can rewrite the verses with another adversative coordinating conjunction, for example, «however»: «The world is big, although fit», «The sea is big, although it fits», «Love is great, although fits».

b) WRONG. The conjunction used «and» («The world is big and it fits», «The sea is big and it fits», «Love is great and fit») does not establish the idea of comparison. An example of a comparative subordinative conjunction is «of what», which when substituted in the verses makes no sense: «The world is great than fits».

c) WRONG. The conjunction used «and» («The world is big and it fits», «The sea is big and it fits», «Love is great and fit») does not convey the idea of conclusion. An example of a concluding coordinative conjunction is «therefore», which when replaced in the verses makes no sense: «The world is big, therefore, fits in this window over the sea.».

d) WRONG. The conjunction used «and» («The world is big and it fits», «The sea is big and it fits», «Love is great and fits») does not convey the idea of choice. An example of an alternative coordinative conjunction is «wants…wants», which cannot be substituted in the verses because it makes no sense.

e) WRONG. The conjunction used «and» («The world is big and it fits», «The sea is big and it fits», «Love is great and fit») does not convey any idea of purpose. An example of a final subordinate conjunction is «for what», which cannot be substituted in the verses because it makes no sense.

question 2

(UFMG-Adapted) Expressions in bold correspond to an adjective, except in:

a) João Fanhoso is dawning unenthusiastic.
b) delayed on purpose in that complicated bath.
c) The animals from the earth they fled in a wild career.
d) Night closed on those lost wilderness of the caatinga without end.
e) And it still comes to me with this man talk From the farm.

See Answer

Correct alternative: b) It took too long on purpose in that complicated bath.

a) WRONG. The expression «without enthusiasm» has the same meaning as «dismayed», which is an adjective, because it attributes a characteristic to the noun «João Fanhoso».

b) CORRECT. The expression «on purpose» has the same meaning as «on purpose», which is an adverb of manner, because it modifies the verb «to delay».

c) WRONG. The expression «from the land» has the same meaning as «local» (local animals). Local is an adjective, because it attributes a characteristic to the noun «animals».

d) WRONG. The expression «without end» has the same meaning as «infinite», which is an adjective, because it attributes a characteristic to the noun «caatinga».

e) WRONG. The expression «da roça» has the same meaning as «caipira», which is an adjective, because it attributes a characteristic to the noun «man».

question 3

(UnB) Check the item that only contains prepositions:

a) during, enter, about
b) with, under, after
c) to, back, by
d) in, case, after
e) after, over, above

See Answer

Correct alternative: a) during, enter, over

a) CORRECT. «During» is an accidental preposition, that is, it is a word that, in addition to being a preposition, can also belong to other classes of words. «Between and above», in turn, are essential prepositions, because they only work as a preposition.

b) WRONG. «With and under» are essential prepositions, because they only work as a preposition. «After» is an adverb of time.

c) WRONG. «For and by» are essential prepositions, because they only work as a preposition. «Behind» is an adverb of place.

d) WRONG. «On and after» are essential prepositions, because they only work as a preposition. «Case» is conditional subordinate conjunction.

e) WRONG. «After and about» are essential prepositions, because they only work as a preposition. «Above» is an adverb of place.

question 4

(UMESP) In the phrase «The negotiations would be quite open only later part-time work», the highlighted words are, respectively:

a) adjective, adjective
b) adverb, adverb
c) adverb, adjective
d) numeral, adjective
e) numeral, adverb

See Answer

Correct alternative: b) adverb, adverb

a) WRONG. Adjectives attribute characteristics to nouns. In this sentence, «open» is the adjective, while «middle» is the adverb so that modifies it. «After» is also an adverb, in this case of time.

b) CORRECT. The word «middle» in this sentence has the function of an adverb, because it is modifying the adjective «open». When this happens, the word «middle» does not vary, but if, for example, «middle» had the function of an adjective, it could vary in gender and/or number, as in: half a cup of tea. The word «after», in turn, is an adverb of time.

c) WRONG. The word «middle» is an adverb because it is modifying the adjective «open». «After» is also an adverb, in this case of time, because it refers to a circumstance of time.

d) WRONG. The word «half» can be classified as a numeral (for example: I gave each one half chocolate.), but in this case, the word «middle» is modifying the adjective «open», so it is classified as adverb. «After» is an adverb of time, because it indicates a period of time.

e) WRONG. The word «half» can be classified as a numeral when it indicates quantity (for example: I took a half liter of water.), but in this case, the word «middle» is an adverb, because it’s modifying the adjective «open». «After», in turn, is also an adverb.

question 5

(Fesp) Check the option where «a» is, respectively, article, personal pronoun and preposition:

a) This is the meaning I referred to and not what you understood.
b) The difficulty is great and I know I will solve it in the short term.
c) The slave declared that she preferred death to slavery.
d) This is the house I bought and not the one I sold him.
e) The one who committed the offense will be punished.

See Answer

Correct alternative: b) The difficulty is great and I know I will solve it in the short term.

a) WRONG. «A (meaning)»: article, because it precedes noun; «to (which I referred to)»: preposition, because it links the elements «meaning» and «which I referred to»; «to (that you understood)»: article, because it precedes the noun «meaning» that is hidden in the sentence «that which you understood».

b) CORRECT. «A (difficulty»): article, because it precedes noun; «to (I will solve)»: personal pronoun, because it is replacing the personal pronoun of the straight case «she»; «a (short term)»: preposition, because it is linking the terms of the clause «I will resolve» and «short term».

c) WRONG. The first two «a» are articles, because they both precede, respectively, the nouns «slave» and «death». «À (slavery)» is the combination of an article with a preposition, since it precedes the noun «slavery», and also links the terms «death» and «slavery».

d) WRONG. The first two «a» are articles, because both precede the nouns «house», and in the second case the noun is hidden «the (house) I sold». The third «a» is preposition» because it links the terms «sold» and «he».

e) WRONG. All occurrences of «a» are articles, because they all precede nouns: «The (person) who committed», «the fault», «the punishment».

question 6

(UEPR) The forms that vividly translate the sudden, spontaneous and instinctive feelings of the speakers are called:

a) conjunctions
b) interjections
c) prepositions
d) phrases
e) coordinations

See Answer

Correct alternative: b) interjections

a) WRONG. Conjunctions have the function of linking words or sentences. Example: Ana and Maria left.

b) CORRECT. Interjections express emotions and feelings. Example: Ufa!

c) WRONG. Prepositions link terms of the clause. Example: The president has arrived with the first lady.

d) WRONG. Phrases are combinations of words that work as a unit. Example: Profit of the year didn’t pay for the expenses. (an adjective phrase that has the same meaning as «annual»).

e) WRONG. Coordination is not a grammar class. Coordinate clauses, studied in Syntax, are independent clauses. For example: I woke up, I lifted and prepared the coffee.

question 7

(PUC-SP) «It’s a kind… new… completely new! But already has a name… I baptized-The soon… I will-you Show…». From a morphological point of view, the highlighted words correspond in order, to:

a) conjunction, preposition, article, pronoun
b) adverb, adverb, pronoun, pronoun
c) conjunction, interjection, article, adverb
d) adverb, adverb, noun, pronoun
e) conjunction, adverb, pronoun, pronoun

See Answer

Correct alternative: e) conjunction, adverb, pronoun, pronoun

But: it is a conjunction, because it is establishing a relationship between two clauses — the one that starts with «It’s a species…» and the one that starts precisely with the conjunction «But now…».

In this case, the conjunction is performing the function of an adversative coordinating conjunction, because in addition to linking independent clauses, it is also expressing opposition.

already: is an adverb, because it is modifying the verb «has». In this case, «already» is classified as a tense adverb because it indicates a temporal circumstance.

The: is a pronoun, because it is replacing the noun «species» (I baptized the species). It is classified as a personal pronoun of the oblique case.

you: is a pronoun, because it is completing the verb «I will». It is classified as a personal pronoun of the oblique case.

Now, let’s explain the word classes suggested in the remaining alternatives:

a) WRONG. This alternative incorrectly suggests that «already» is a preposition and «a» is an article.
The word «already» only has the function of an adverb, while «a» can be an article, but for that it has to come before a noun.

b) WRONG. This alternative incorrectly suggests that «but» is an adverb. The word «but» only has the function of conjunction.

c) WRONG. This alternative incorrectly suggests that: «already» is an interjection, «a» is an article» and «lhe» is an adverb.
The word «already» only has the function of an adverb, while «a» can be an article, but for that it has to come before a noun. In turn, «lhe» only has the function of a pronoun.

d) WRONG. This alternative incorrectly suggests that: «but» is an adverb and «a» is a noun».
The word «but» only has the function of conjunction, while the word «a» only has the functions of article and pronoun. In this case, «a» is pronoun» because it is replacing the noun «species» (I baptized species).

question 8

(UFF) In “She broke the seal and gave The read the paper to Seixas”, the preposition indicated introduces an idea of:

a) consequence
b) cause
c) condition
d) end
e) mode

See Answer

Correct alternative: d) end

a) WRONG. There is no type of word class «preposition» that indicates consequence.

b) WRONG. The preposition may indicate cause, but that is not the idea conveyed in the sentence above. Example of preposition of cause: The flower withered with the sun.

c) WRONG. There is no type of word class «preposition» that indicates condition.

d) CORRECT. The preposition «a» is conveying the idea of purpose, which can be more easily perceived if we change the order of prayer, as well as replacing it with another preposition that indicates purpose: She broke the seal and gave for Seixas read the paper, instead of “She broke the seal and gave The read the paper to Seixas”.

e) WRONG. The preposition may indicate mode, but that is not the idea that the sentence above conveys. Mode preposition example: She tore letter in little pieces.

question 9

“if if I have money, I’ll go on vacation.»

The highlighted word is:

a) Interjection
b) Adverb
c) conjunction
d) Preposition
e) Pronoun

See Answer

Correct alternative c) conjunction

The «If» is a conditional subordinate conjunction that expresses a hypothesis or condition. It is worth remembering that the conjunction is a term that links two sentences or two words with the same grammatical value, establishing a relationship between them.

question 10

Learn to Call the Police

I’m a very light sleeper, and one night I noticed that there was somebody sneaking in the backyard of the house.

I got up in silence and followed the light noises coming from outside, until I saw a silhouette passing through the bathroom window.

As my house was very secure, with bars on the windows and internal locks on the doors, I wasn’t too worried, but it was clear that I wasn’t going to leave a thief there, spying. quietly.

_{(Luís Fernando Veríssimo)}

The words highlighted above are, respectively:

a) pronoun; adjective; adverb
b) adverb; substantive; adjective
c) conjunction; adverb; substantive
d) noun; conjunction; pronoun
e) adjective; pronoun; conjunction

See Answer

Correct alternative: a) pronoun; adjective; adverb

The grammatical class of highlighted terms are:

someone: indefinite pronoun that vaguely refers to the 3rd person of the speech.
light: an adjective that attributes a quality to the noun “noise”.
quietly: adverb so that means quietly.

question 11

Check the correct alternative on the classification of highlighted words.

a) I didn’t like pie, nor of cake. (interjection)
B) One day we will meet. (article)
c) Norma is getting more and more healthy. (substantive)
d) In the morning I had breakfast with milk. (conjunction)
e) I bought my computer a year ago. (preposition)

See Answer

Correct alternative: b) One day we will meet. (article)

“Um” is an indefinite article that indicates something vaguely or imprecisely, in this case: “day”. Thus, it is not clear which day it will be.

In the other alternatives, we have:

a) nor — additive coordinative conjunction that expresses sum.
c) healthy — adjective that attributes quality to the proper noun “Norma”.
d) with — preposition that links the two terms of the sentence: coffee + milk.
e) meu — possessive pronoun that indicates possession of something, in this case, the “computer”.

question 12

All highlighted words are pronouns, except:

The) That one avenue is the widest in the city.
B) Mariana she dropped the documents.
c) we will have others opportunities.
d) We visited the place Where did the footage.
and) Who was she in line at the bank?

See Answer

Correct alternative: b) Mariana dropped the documents.

The highlighted word in option b) is a proper noun that particularizes the noun, being always written in capital letters.

In the other alternatives, we have:

a) That — demonstrative pronoun
c) others — indefinite pronoun
d) where — relative pronoun
e) Who — interrogative pronoun

question 13

I. Superinteresting is a compound adjective
II. Pure is a primitive adjective
III. Abdominal is a derived adjective

From the above statements are correct:

a) only I
b) I and II
c) I and III
d) II and III
e) I, II and III

See Answer

Correct alternative: e) I, II and III

All of the above statements are correct:

Superinteressante — compound adjective that presents more than one super + interesting radical.
Pure — primitive adjective that does not derive from any word.
Abdominal — adjective derived from the noun abdomen.

question 14

All of the alternatives below have multiplicative numerals, except:

a) double
b) double
c) quadruple
d) middle
e) triple

See Answer

Correct alternative: d) middle

Half (½) is a fractional numeral that indicates half of something. Remember that fractional numbers always represent part of a whole.

The multiplicative numbers, on the other hand, are those that refer to a quantity that has been multiplied:

double or double: 2 times
triple or triple: 3 times
quadruple: 4 times

question 15

The sentence that contains an adverb of intensity is:

a) This morning we will have a meeting.
b) I would never do that to anyone.
c) We ate a lot on Sunday.
d) I will probably be late for parents’ meeting.
e) Juliana’s house is there.

See Answer

Correct alternative: c) We ate a lot on Sunday.

“Too much” is an adverb of intensity that indicates an excessive amount of something.

In the other alternatives, we have:

a) Today — adverb of time
b) Never — adverb of negation
d) Probably — adverb of doubt
e) there — adverb of place

Overview of exercises (parts of speech)

Parts of speech exercises

Here you will find an overview of exercises on the English word classes or categories (parts of speech). New quizzes are added continuously, so check back regularly.

List of topics with exercises on parts of speech

Grammar topic	1	2	3	4	5
Adjectives ending in ‘-ing’ and ‘-ed’ (excited, exciting, etc.)	easy	medium
Comparison of adjectives (as … as & more … than)	medium	medium
Comparison of adjectives (-er/-est & more/most)	medium	difficult	difficult	difficult
Adverbs in English (carefully, slowly, clearly, etc.)	easy
Articles in English (a, an & the)	easy	medium
Conjunctions: general aspects (and, yet, so, for, etc.)	easy	easy	medium
Prepositions of place and direction (in, on, at, down, up, etc.)	easy	easy
Prepositions of time (at, before, by, since, after, past, etc.)	easy	easy	medium
Prepositions of manner (with, without, by, in)	easy
Prepositions connected to verbs (belong to, apply for, listen to, etc.)	easy	medium
Personal pronouns in English (I, you, they, we, etc.)	easy	easy
Demonstrative pronouns (this, these, that, those)	easy
Relative pronouns in English (who, whose, which, that, whom)	easy
Long and short forms of auxiliary verbs (isn’t, he’d, etc.)	easy	easy	easy
Present participle – ing form (eating, going, stopping, etc.)	easy
Past participle – ed form (seen, written, gone, talked, etc.)	easy	medium	medium

Mixed exercises

Topic	1	2	3	4	5
Adjectives and adverbs mixed (fast, carefully, high …)	easy	medium	medium
Parts of speech mixed (noun, verb, preposition, adverb …)	easy

Источник

Grammar in EAP

Exercise 2

Nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, pronouns, determiners (including articles & numerals) & conjunctions are classes of word.

Can you identify the word classes in the following text. Click on a word to see if you are correct.

Caddis flies are rather nondescript, drab brown insects, which most of us fail to notice as they fly rather clumsily over rivers. That is when they are adults. But before they emerge as adults they have a rather longer incarnation as larvae walking about the river bottom. And caddis larvae are anything but nondescript. They are among the most remarkable creatures on earth. Using cement of their own manufacture, they skilfully build tubular houses for themselves out of materials that they pick up from the bed of the stream. The house is a mobile home, carried about as the caddis walks, like the shell of a snail or hermit crab except that the animal builds it instead of growing it or finding it. Some species of caddis use sticks as building materials, others fragments of dead leaves, others small snail shells. But perhaps the most impressive caddis houses are the ones built in local stone. The caddis chooses its stones carefully, rejecting those that are too large or too small for the current gap in the wall, even rotating each stone until it achieves the snuggest fit.

Back to Grammar in EAP: Introduction Exercises

Источник

English morphology exercises about: open and closed class words, word root and stem, syntactic category, suffixes, prefixes, affixes, free and bound morphemes, compound words and word formation process in English.

Exercise 1 Answers

Fill in the table using words from the text below:

“A powerful agent is the right word. Whenever we come upon one of those intensely right words . . . the resulting effect is physical as well as spiritual, and electrically prompt.”

MARK TWAIN

Open class words

Closed class words

……………………….

Exercise 2 Answers

Identify the root in these words by underlining it and state which syntactic category it belongs to:

Example:

fast

er: adjective.

a. hushes
b. kindness
c. fried
d. gamers
e. heavily
f. grandfathers

Exercise 3 Answers

A. Identify the suffixes by underlining them:

a. singing
b. unhappy
c. mechanism
d. trousers
e. brother
f. blackboard

B. Identify the prefixes by underlining them:

a. rewarded
b. misfortune
c. establish
d. submit
e. strawberry
f. abnormal

Exercise 4 Answers

Identify the free morphemes in the following words by underlining them:

a. kissed
b. freedom
c. stronger
d. follow
e. awe
f. goodness
g. talkative
h. teacher
i. actor.

Exercise 5 (From studylib.net) Answers

Divide the following into free and bound sets:

ation, nation, pre, post, angle, ible, infra, out

Free sets

Bound sets

……………………….

Exercise 6 (From studylib.net) Answers

Separate the affixes from the stems in the following words:
Example: faster = fast + er

Trains, succeeded, lighter, predetermined, retroactive, confusions, instructional.

Exercise 7 (From : https://wac.colostate.edu/docs/books/sound/chapter5.pdf) Answers

Use the words that you think are relevant to answer the following questions:

a. Can a morpheme be represented by a single phoneme? Give examples. By more than one phoneme? Give examples.

b. Can a free morpheme be more than one syllable in length? Give examples. Can a bound morpheme? Give examples.

c. Does the same letter or phoneme-or sequence of letters or phonemes- always represent the same morpheme? Why or why not?
(Hint: you must refer to the definition of morpheme to be able to answer this.)

d. Can the same morpheme be spelled differently? Give examples.

e. Can different morphemes be pronounced identically? Give examples.

f. A morpheme is basically the same as:

i. a letter
ii. a sound
iii. a group of sounds
iv. none of the above

Exercise 8 (From studylib.net) Answers

Compounds are often frequent in modern technical areas where new vocabulary is being created. Find the compounds in the following passage:

Free Talker

Nokia 610 Car Kit

The cell phone stays by your side — instead of your ear — with Nokia’s hands-free Bluetooth system. An unobtrusive dash-mounted screen provides the same information as your cell-phone display, and you can effortlessly download contact info from your phone.
A small console-mounted control unit with three intuitive buttons and a dial is but one way to manage calls and messages, which sound off through your car’s speakers: Choose to use Nokia’s decent voice-recognition software and neither hand has to leave the wheel.

www.nokia.com

Exercise 9 Answers

Complete the process and identify the type of word formation in English:

Influenza	flu	Clipping
Teleprinter, exchanger	telex	…………..
Megabyte	meg	…………..
Random access memory	RAM	…………..
A progress	To progress	…………..
Black,board	Blackboard	…………..
United States of America	USA	…………..
Compact disc	CD	…………..
Act	action	…………..

Источник

Тренировочные упражнения по английскому языку, раздел «Словообразование» для учащихся 9-11 классов.

WORD-BUILDING (exercises)

Ex. 1. Переведите следующие слова, выделите в них суффиксы и префиксы:

Untrue, prehistoric, ultramodern, postwar, ex-champion, anti-body, de compose, decode, deform, depart, discover, disappearance, reread, reconstruct, coauthor, unequal, misunderstand, undress, disarm, anti-fascist, cooperation, co-existence, interaction, superhuman, ultra-violet.

Ex. 2. Определите, к какой части речи относятся следующие слова. Переведите их:

Achievement — achieve, resistance — resistant, assistance — assist — assistant, celebration — celebrate, difference — different, city — citizen, nation — national — nationality, measure — measurement, develop — development, act — active — activity, contain — container, discover — discovery — discoverer, literature — literary, graduate — graduation — undergraduate — post-graduate, educate — education, progress — progressive, act — action — activity — active, govern — governor — government.

Ex. З. Образуйте от данных глаголов существительные с помощью суффикса -ег или —or. Переведите на русский язык:

To lead, to write, to read, to visit, to speak, to sleep, to act, to direct, to conduct, to drive, to fight, to mine, to report, to sing, to skate, to swim, to teach, to travel, to sail, to invent, to found, to compose.

Ex. 4. Образуйте от данных слов существительные с помощью суффикса —ist, —ism, —ian. Переведите на русский язык:

Special, social, art, capital, economy, international, piano, technic, mathematics, statistics, politics, music, electric, Russia, Hungary, Canada, India.

are, aim, use, shape, fruit, power, thought, harm, colour.

Ex. 5. Образуйте от данных глаголов существительные с помощью суффикса —ment. Переведите на русский язык:

Develop, achieve, move, arrange, treat, state, improve, agree, equip, govern, require, measure, announce, pave,amuse,argue,advertise,invest.

Ex. 6. Образуйте прилагательные с помощью суффиксов —ful и —less, переведите их на русский язык:

Beauty, thank, hope, doubt, c

Ex. 7. Образуйте прилагательные с помощью суффиксов —able, —ible, переведите их на русский язык:

Change, convert, prevent, break, compare, desire, profit, read, comfort, respect, expect,fashion,flex.

Ex. 8. Найдите и выделите суффиксы в данных словах и определите, к ка кой части речи эти слова относятся:

British, foolish, understandable, heartless, pitiless, successful, experiment, function, musician, socialist, artist, capitalism, professional, fundamental, industrial, doubtful, useful, different, treatment, creative, attractive, peaceful, dangerous, elementary, childish, active, economic, director, worker, passage, marriage, silence, freedom, kingdom.

Ex. 9. Образуйте глаголы с помощью суффикса —en:

Red, tight, soft, deep, short, dark, bright, weak, black, white, sweet, sharp,

Strong, long.

Ex. 10. Образуйте наречия с помощью суффикса -1у и переведите их:

Bad, first, part, quick, strong, short, silent, rapid, wide, extreme, cruel, kind, happy.

Ex. 11. Образуйте глаголы от данных существительных. Переве дите их:

Turn, smile, smoke, snow, start, stay, step, stop, study, talk, visit, rest, air, paper, cover, handle, cause, watch, act, address, answer, brush, clean, cross, crowd, wave, wish, work, dance, doubt, dress, end, fight, help, hope, joke, laugh, lift, light, love, mind, paper, pencil, place, plan, play, post, reply, report, return, sail, show.

Ex. 12. Переведите на русский язык. Выделите словообразу ющие элементы. Определите, к какой части речи относятся данные слова:

React, reaction, reactor, reactivity; science, scientific, scientist; industry, industrial, industrious; cold, coldly, coldness; dark, darkness, darken; happy, happily, happiness, unhappy; equal, equally, unequal, equality; free, freedom, freely; attention, attentive, attentively; sun, sunny, sunless; care, careful, careless, carefully, carelessness; to differ, different, difference, indifferent; England, English, Englishman; poison,poisonous,extreme,extremely,extremity,extremist,friend,friendship,friendly,unfriendly.

Ex. 13. Переведите следующие сложные слова:

Aircraft,airspace,Air Force , summer-resort,rest-house, custom-house, dining-room,dining car,living-room , fireplace, nightlife,newsagent,sunglasses,popstar,snowboarding,bungee jumping,

earthquake,greenhouse,laptop,software,science-fiction,solar system,so-called, haircut , hairbrush, icebox, newspaper, notebook,rain forest ,lifetime , raincoat, sportsman, sunshine,sunrise,sunset,sunflower,body-piercing.

Ex. 14. Прочтите следующие пары слов, соблюдая ударения. Переведите их:

An accent — to accent, a contract — to contract, a content — to content, a contest — to contest,an increase-to increase, a convict — to convict, a perfect — to perfect, a record — to record,refuse-to refuse,a refugee-to refuge.

Ex. 15. Определите, к каким частям речи относятся выделенные слова:

1. Не works as a teacher. 2. I saw one of his works at the exhibition. 3. I was waiting for your report. 4. They report the results of their experiment every Monday. 5. His report contains some of his thoughts about the experiment. 6. You’ll make progress if you work hard. 7. He thought about his new work. 8. I have a present for you. 9. I am busy at pre sent. 10. He presented me with a book.

Ex. 16. Проанализируйте состав следующих слов. Определите части речи. Дайте начальную форму. Переведите слова:

Powerful, inventor, high-quality, network, demoralize, profitable, dislike, disagree, movement, shorten, incorrect, electricity, fruitful, fruitless, happiness, dangerous, noisy, sunny, rainy, badly, strongly, reading, teaching, rebuild, retell, leader, teacher, unhappy, unusual, translation, cooperation, schoolboy, icebreaker.

Ex. 17. Напишите сложные существительные, исходя из объяснений.

Например: A machine for drying hair – hair drier.

1. A thing for opening tins — … . 2. A machine for playing records — … . 3. A machine for mixing food — … . 4. A thing that times eggs (when they are boiling) — … . 5. Things for warming people’s legs — … . 6. Stuff that kills flies — … . 7. A liquid that removes paint — … . 8. A tool that opens bottles — … . 9. A thing for peeling potatoes — … . 10. A liquid for removing eye makeup — … . 11. Stuff for freshening the air — … .

Ex. 18. Распределите прилагательные по трем группам: 1) люди, 2) места, 3) вещи:

Obstinate, unspoilt, hand-made, waterproof, easy-going, breathtaking, aggressive, deserted, overgrown, overcrowded, cunning, picturesque, arrogant, long-lasting, spoilt, automatic, accurate, artificial.

Ex. 19Выберите слово с нужным по смыслу префиксом или суффиксом.

1. I know Jim Kerry is very popular but I find him totally childish / childlike. 2. I couldn’t work out whom the letter was from. The signature was childish / childlike. 3. Sarah is so childish / childlike. She always plays trick on her friends. 4. It was wonderful to watch the tiny lambs playing. I got such childish / childlike pleasure from the experience. 5. Sophie is extremely sensitive / sensible at the moment. Anything you say seems to upset her. 6. Karen is not a very sensitive / sensible person. She wore high-heeled shoes for our four-mile walk. 7. I’ve never known her to tell a lie. She’s a very true / truthful person. 8. I can never watch sad films that are based on true / truthful a story. They always make me cry. 9. Susan is so intolerable / intolerant of other people. She never accepts anyone else’s opinion, and she always thinks she knows best. 10. I find Mark’s behaviour intolerable / intolerant. It’s unfair to be so selfish. 11. We’re having an economic / economical crisis at the moment. James has lost his job and I don’t know how we are going to pay the rent. 12. It’s more economic / economical to drive slowly. You can do a lot more miles to the gallop.

Ex.19 Подберите к каждой тройке слов такое, чтобы с его помощью образовать составные существительные, используйте слова: board, green, paper, book, birthday, blood, rain, site, road, sports, ice, water, day, night, hand, case, sun, bag.

Например: camp…, building…, bomb… – campsite, building site, bomb-site.

1. …test, …pressure, …donor. 2. …fall, …melon, …skiing. 3. …house, …grocer, …salad. 4. …club, …mare, …shift. 5. brief…, suit…, book… . 6. paper…, plastic…, shoulder… . 7. …bow, …coat, …drop. 8. …shine, …rise, …set. 9. …works, …sign, …rage. 10. black…, floor…, notice… . 11. …light, …break, …dream. 12. …shake, …writing, …book. 13. …cube, …berg, …rink. 14. …cake, …present, …card. 15. …scape, …lady, …slide. 16. …car, …center, …ground. 17. address…, visitor’s…, note… .

Ex. 20Дополните предложения сложными существительными в скобках (это могут быть и составные существительные, и существительные в притяжательном падеже в простой или аналитической форме).

1. Your coat is on the … (back, chair). 2. You’ve just spilt the … (milk, cat). 3. Can you buy some … (paper, toilet). 4. I never listened to my … (advise, parents). 5. Can you buy a … (wine, bottle) to have with supper? 6. What did that … (road, sigh) say? Did you see it? 7. It’s such a mess in here. There are empty … (wine, bottles) everywhere. 8. The … (Prime Minister, duties) include entertaining heads of the state. 9. The … (my shoe, heel) has come off. 10. Can I borrow your … (brush, hair)? 11. What happened at the … (film, end)? 12. Here is … (today, news). 13. Where is the nearest … (Metro, station)? 14. It’s my … (anniversary, parents, wedding) next week. 15. The … (company, success) is due to its efficiency. 16. I’ve got a … (fortnight, holiday) next month. 17. The … (government, economic policy) is confusing. 18. My children go to the local … (school, state). 19. The annual … (rate, inflation) is about 4 percent. 20. Are there any … (coffee, cups) in your bedroom? There are none in the kitchen. 21. Do you want a … (coffee, cup)?

Ex.21. Заполните пропуски глаголом или существительным: advice – to advise, use – to use, abuse – to abuse, belief – to believe, relief – to relieve, grief – grieve, excuse – to excuse, breath – to breathe, half – to halve, house – to house, safe – to save, bath – to bathe.

1. It is my personal … that this man is innocent. 2. Let me listen to your chest. Take a deep … and say “Ah”. 3. You should put your valuables in the … . 4. Drug … is a terrible problem all over the world. 5. I know it isn’t good for my skin, but I love sun … . 6. I’ve been so worried about you! It’s such a … to see you at last! 7. “What are we going to do with this cake?” “Cut it in two. You take … and I’ll take … .” 8. Can you show me how to … this new coffee machine? 9. The refugees are … in temporary accommodation. 10. She apologizes for her behavior, and said it was because she’d had a busy day, but that’s no … for breaking all the plates. 11. People need time to … after the death of someone they love. 12. Take my … . Never marry for money. Marry for love.

Ex. 22. Напишите слово противоположное по значению, используя префикс

Kind, honest, credible, appear, fair, equal, pleased, continue, fasten, normal, employed, friendly, trust, professional, known, cover, safe, use, probable, important, emotional.

WORD-BUILDING (Test)

1. Определите, к какой части речи относятся данные слова. Переведите их:

Beautiful, function, artist, musician, heartless, economic, worker, badly, act, action, active, basic, fruitless, population, movement, historic, democratic, work, daily, literature, picture, organization, friendship, highly, leader, fight, fighter, national, impressive, hopeful, hopeless, beautiful, special, specialist, define, definition, humanism, humanist, humanistic, use, useful, useless.

2. Переведите слова на русский язык. Определите префикс и его значение:

Coauthor, undress, disarm, postwar, illegal, unkind, reconstruct, deformation, prewar,antihero , ex-champion, superhuman,disagreement,

3. Образуйте прилагательные от существительных при помощи следующих суффиксов: —al, —ful, —ous, -у, —able, —ible, —ic, —less, —ish. Переведите пары слов.

Reason, beauty, hope, doubt, care, aim, use, desire, boy, success, heart, experiment, form, office, danger, fame, electron, base, nature, cloud, sun, child, Scott, history, home.

4. Переведите предложения. Определите, к каким частям речи относятся выделенные слова. Назовите сложные слова:

1. Many pupils study English. 2. My grandfather has a large study. 3. Who ruled this country? 4. All sportsmen must obey the rules of the game. 5. The Soviet Union is tied by friendship with India in their work for peace. 6. All peace-loving people work for peace for the whole of mankind.

5. Назовите глаголы, от которых образованы следующие существительные:

Protection, show, writer, worker, movement, investigation, achieve ment, statement, reader, department, equipment, construction, organization, reporter, arrival, improvement, conductor, establishment, development, education, definition, regulation, assistance, agreement.

6. Переведите без словаря. Определите, к какой части речи относятся слова:

a) Specialist, institute, university, culture,cultural,centre, central, nation,national, international, organization, minister, nature, natural, traditional, progressive, moral, social, socialist, public, programmer, popular, modern, revolution, revolutionary, final, talent, continent, festival, political, experiment, experimentation, electricity, technical, transformation, system, systematically, practice, practical, seminar, lecture, lecturer, period, historic, history, professor, complex, form, acceleration, instrument, philosopher, idea, basic, fundamental, conceptions, mass, class, element, motor, method, problem, energy, radio, text, material, temperature, progress, television.

b) 1. France and England are European countries. 2. In the evening we like to listen to classical music. 3. We saw a comedy at the Drama Theatre last night. 4. Your train leaves from platform two. 5. This jazz orchestra gave several concerts in our town. 6. In 1610 Galileo constructed the first tele scope in the world. 7. This was a dangerous experiment.

7. Проанализируйте следующие слова, какие они? Определите их составляющие. Переведите на русский язык:

Ice-hockey, world-wide, bedroom, newspaper, long-term, birthplace, sportsman, apple-juice, peace-loving, schoolchildren, football, highland, television, underground, north-west, sometimes, lowland, landscape, well-known, multinational, network, vice-president.

8. Поставьте слово, указанное в скобках, в нужную форму.

1. My father is very … (act) even though he’s seventy. 2. I’ve always wanted to work in the theatre, but … (act) it isn’t a very secure profession. 3. I … (hope), we’ll soon find a solution to the problem. 4. Look … (care) to the left and to the right before crossing the road. 5. It was very … (care) of you to lose my watch. 6. I take two … (day) newspapers and three Sunday papers. 7. You’ve broken my camera! Look at it! It’s … (use)! 8. Thanks for the advice. It was really … (use). 9. I have some very … (noise) neighbours. 10. She became … (fame) as a result of her invention.

Тренировочные тесты.

Test 1.

This is the most . . . . . . concert I‘ve ever been to. (Expense)
Her husband’s not a very……person. (Patience)
Susan is very……and wants to do well. (Ambition)
Show some……. Don’t you like the idea? (Enthuse)
Her problem is that she has not enough……in herself. (Confide)
Dan is really very……, even rude sometimes. (Polite)
I haven’t been to the cinema…… . (Recent)
Mary…… and they never s aw her again. (Appear)

Test 2.

Most people have no real…… in ghosts.(Believe)
Mark Twain wrote many…… stories. (Humour)
The children’s…… at the concert was excellent. (Behave)
Rita asked for a …… and cashier gave her one. (Receive)
Do you think you have the…… to pass the exam? (Able)
You need a lot of …… to write a good story. (Imagine)
I read an interesting …… in the newspaper. (Advertise)
Their friendship began in their …… . (Child)

Test 3.

I’m telling you the ……! I swear! (True)
Your composition isn’t good enough. You’ll have to …… it. (Write)
Did you know Ann used to work as a …… when she was younger? (Wait)
They need your …… before they can do it. (Sign)
It all happened quite…… . I didn’t have time to think. (Sudden)
I’m sure his new film is going to be a huge…… .(Succeed)
Did Paul give an …… for his actions? (Explain)
The …… of the village are all very kind. (Inhabit)

Test 4.

The leaflet gives a brief…… of each place. (Describe)
Can you give us a quick …… of how it works? (Explain)
Olga broke the vase during an …… with her husband. (Argue)
Gold is a very …… metal. (Value)
Peter began to feel depressed and …… . (Help)
His book is the result of years of …… research. (Care)
This snake is not …… at all. (Danger)
The bright flowers make the room look….. . (Cheer)

Test 5.

1. Teenagers nowadays are more interested in ……. problems. (Globe)

2. Have you seen the new Levi …… on TV? (Advertise)

3. I looked everywhere but I couldn’t find him. He’s …… (Appear)

4. It’s very…… to drink and drive. (Danger)

5. Can you give me some more …… about this adventure holiday? (Inform)

6. We need to put up some …… for tonight’s party. (Decorate)

7. The weather today will be cold and…… . (Wind)

8. Margarita was very …… with the service. (Satisfy)

Test 6.

They put a lot of …… on him to agree to their demands. (Press)
I’ve had three…… nights and l feel exhausted. (Sleep)
If you have problems with your ……, see a doctor. (Circulate)
I’m feeling very …… today. I think I’ll go for a run. (Energy)
Remember that …… are also human. (Examine)
His nose was quite …… for days after he’d it pierced. ( Pain)
There are a lot of …… restaurants in this area. (Fashion)
Although she isn’t beautiful, most men find her quite…… (Attract).

Test 7.

1.The food was completely …… ; he was a useless cook .(Taste)

2. There were over 500 ……to the temple every day .(Visit )

3. You can’t hope to win the race without any …… .(Train)

4. In spite of her ……,Jane continued her journey .(Hungry )

5.Hard as he tried , he was unable to find …… .(Solve )

6.I …… speaking , I don’t think Latin is a useful subject .(Person)

7.You need to organize your time more …… (Efficient )

Test 8.

Stories are more ……. than lists of words .(Memory )
His exam results were very …… . (Please )
Passing exams will help you to get a ……job .(Good )
You should revise on a regular …… (Base )
There are books that are specially …….for foreign learners.(Simple )
A degree is a very useful…….to have .(Qualify )
I hope you will take into …… what I have just said to you .(Consider )
This new book had many beautiful ……in it .(ILLUSTRATE)

Test 9.

1.My aunt became …….when she went to America.

(Fame)

2.Paul sings …….; I’m surprised he isn’t a professional singer. (Beauty)

3.I was …….to see all my old friends again. (Delight )

4.They bought some …… for their new house. (Furnish )

5. She lives in a really ……mansion in the suburbs. (Luxury )

6. Are you sitting ……. in that chair ? (Comfort )

7.Everyone was nervous about the ……’s visit. (Inspector)

8.Our teacher has a really strong ……. . (Person)

9.His father has the best …… of ancient coins. (Collect)

Test 10.

1.The teacher wanted to know what my greatest …….(Ambitious)

2.I……ever go to the theatre. I don’t like it .(Hard )

3.Marina has a very …… manner , which I appreciate .(Relax)

4.Her son took part in the world ……last year .(Champion)

5.I was …….when victor said I was beautiful.(Flatter)

6. Julia got a ……for best leading actress .(Nominate )

7.She’s a very ……thinker .(Origin)

8.Her friend is very …….! You can trust him .(Rely)

Ответы к тренировочным тестам.

Test 1.

1. Expensive

2. Patient

3.Ambitious

4.Enthusiasm

5. Confidence

6.Impolite

7.Recently

8.Disappeared

Test 2.

Belief
Humorous
Behaviour
Receipt
Ability
Success
Advertisement
Childhood

Test 3.

1. Truth

2. Rewrite

3. Waitress

4. Signature

5. Suddenly

6. Success

7.Explanation

8. Inhabitants

Test 4.

Description
Explanation
Argument
Valuable
Helpless
Careful
Dangerous
Cheerful

Test 5.

1. Global

2. Advertisement

3. Disappeared

4. Dangerous

5. Information

6. Decorations

7. Windy

8. Satisfied

Test 6.

1. Pressure

2. Sleepless

3. Circulation

4. Energetic

5. Examiners

6.Painful

Test 7.

1.Tasteless

2. Visitors

3.Training

4 . Hunger

5. Solution

6. Personally

7. Efficiently

Test 8.

1. Memorable

2. Pleasant

3. Better

4. Basis

5. Simplified

6. Qualification

7. Consideration

8. ILLustrations

Test 9.

Famous
Beautifully
Delighted
Furniture
Luxurious
Comfortably
Inspector
Personality
Collection

Test 10.

Ambition
Hardly
Relaxed
Championship
Flattered
Nomination
Original
Reliable

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