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Word formation

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lesleymisano

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articles: a, an, the, no article

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Word Formation 1

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Interactive worksheet Word formation suffixes


Word formation suffixes

Grade/level: FIRST
by Tarja1

Interactive worksheet Word formation 5 fce


Word formation 5 fce

Grade/level: B2
by ROXANROXAN

Interactive worksheet Suffixes and Prefixes


Suffixes and Prefixes

Grade/level: Pre-Intermediate
by Sousamaria

Interactive worksheet Negative Prefixes


Negative Prefixes

Grade/level: Intermediate
by LarysaPr

Interactive worksheet Word Formation - Suffixes


Word Formation — Suffixes

Grade/level: Grade 4
by marialau

Interactive worksheet Prefixes and suffixes


Prefixes and suffixes

Grade/level: B2-C1
by thechannel

Interactive worksheet Word Formation Upper-intermedate Level


Word Formation Upper-intermedate Level

Grade/level: upper-intermediate
by olgavillanua

Interactive worksheet Wordbuilding


Wordbuilding

Grade/level: b1
by Irene99

Interactive worksheet Word building - Changing Verbs to Nouns


Word building — Changing Verbs to Nouns

Grade/level: Form 4
by nanikadir

Interactive worksheet Word Formation FCE


Word Formation FCE

Grade/level: FCE
by kconstantinides

Interactive worksheet Adjective formation


Adjective formation

Grade/level: A2
by Bluengungo123

Interactive worksheet Word Formation-1 (Multiple Choice)


Word Formation-1 (Multiple Choice)

Grade/level: B1-B2
by ODruz

Interactive worksheet Word form 1


Word form 1

Grade/level: G12
by BinhBinh

Interactive worksheet Word formation Nouns


Word formation Nouns

Grade/level: Grade 4
by marialau

Interactive worksheet Word formation (Prefixes-Suffixes)


Word formation (Prefixes-Suffixes)

Grade/level: intermediate
by mariaflor

Interactive worksheet FCE Use of English part 3 - Remembering dreams


FCE Use of English part 3 — Remembering dreams

Grade/level: FCE B2
by Marcelo_Nobre

Interactive worksheet Word formation 1 (B1+ - C1)


Word formation 1 (B1+ — C1)

Grade/level: B1+, B2, C1
by Pattriziah

Interactive worksheet Word formation - Level B1.1


Word formation — Level B1.1

Grade/level: B1.1
by ElenaMinkova

Interactive worksheet Noun formation FCE


Noun formation FCE

Grade/level: B2
by solbrossard39

Interactive worksheet Word formation


Word formation

Grade/level: B1+
by papuch

Interactive worksheet Word formation


Word formation

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by dukaneantra

Interactive worksheet BBC video - Are we born to speak?


BBC video — Are we born to speak?

Grade/level: B2/C1
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Interactive worksheet Letters asking for information


Letters asking for information

Grade/level: Intermediate
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Interactive worksheet Matura skills: word formation


Matura skills: word formation

Grade/level: upper-intermediate
by emyszka

Interactive worksheet ОГЭ word formation


ОГЭ word formation

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Interactive worksheet This documentary is about animal kingdom


This documentary is about animal kingdom

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by mada_1

Interactive worksheet Word formation


Word formation

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by DeminAlena

Interactive worksheet FCE Word Formation


FCE Word Formation

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Interactive worksheet Word Formation 4 August,13th


Word Formation 4 August,13th

Grade/level: Intermediate
by veromunio

Interactive worksheet Word formation. suffixes


Word formation. suffixes

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by pepimil

Interactive worksheet Give correct form of the words to complete the sentences


Give correct form of the words to complete the sentences

Grade/level: 7
by tailieuanh79

Interactive worksheet Word formation - NOUNS


Word formation — NOUNS

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Interactive worksheet TASK 17  ОГЭ tasks 17-25 and 26-31


TASK 17 ОГЭ tasks 17-25 and 26-31

Grade/level: grade 9
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Interactive worksheet Word Family - Verb to Noun, Noun to Verb


Word Family — Verb to Noun, Noun to Verb

Grade/level: Upper Intermediate
by amcerico

Interactive worksheet Word Formation- NOUNS-  CAE


Word Formation- NOUNS- CAE

Grade/level: B2-C1
by Olga_Roma

Interactive worksheet Word Formation - occupations


Word Formation — occupations

Grade/level: A1 / A2
by teacherangelaventura

Interactive worksheet Word Formation


Word Formation

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by susyRamos

Interactive worksheet Spotlight 9 Task 9116


Spotlight 9 Task 9116

Grade/level: 9
by him2english

Interactive worksheet Extra Training 9331


Extra Training 9331

Grade/level: C1
by him2english

Interactive worksheet Spotlight 8 Task 8208


Spotlight 8 Task 8208

Grade/level: Grade 8
by him2english

Interactive worksheet Word building Activity


Word building Activity

Grade/level: B2
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Interactive worksheet Word formation


Word formation

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Interactive worksheet Word formation


Word formation

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Interactive worksheet Negative Adjective Prefixes


Negative Adjective Prefixes

Grade/level: Grade 4
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Interactive worksheet Adjectives suffixes


Adjectives suffixes

Grade/level: Pre Intermediate/Intermediate
by olgastruzh

Interactive worksheet Word Formation


Word Formation

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Interactive worksheet Forming Adjectives with Suffixes


Forming Adjectives with Suffixes

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by estherlee76

Interactive worksheet Word formation


Word formation

Grade/level: Proficiency
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compound adjectives

C1 / Advanced
Standard Lesson 60 min

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Earth is our only shareholder

Business
Global Issues

In this lesson, students learn and practise using compound adjectives. They also discuss corporate misconduct and watch a video about a founder who gave his company away to fight climate change.

speaking lesson plan

B1 / Intermediate | B2 / Upper Intermediate
Standard Lesson 60 min

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Rethinking your mindset

Business
Lifestyle

With this speaking lesson plan, students watch a video about growth and fixed mindsets and get plenty of opportunities to discuss them. They also learn some collocations referring to challenges and development, as well as practise word formation.

B2 / Upper Intermediate | C1 / Advanced
Critical Reading Club 30 min

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Are we lonelier than ever?

Lifestyle

In this lesson about loneliness, students get the opportunity to practise word formation and reflect on changes in their relationships with friends.

Unlimited Plan
Show

common English collocations

B1 / Intermediate
Standard Lesson 60 min

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Lessons in success from those you admire

Business
Lifestyle

With this lesson plan, your students will talk about success, what they might learn from people they admire and their own experience. What’s more, they will learn a few common English collocations.

Unlimited Plan
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negative prefixes

B2 / Upper Intermediate
Flipped Lesson 60 min

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Immediate response (not) required

Business

This lesson plan deals with synchronous and asynchronous communication. Apart from doing listening comprehension tasks, students will build adjectives with negative prefixes and learn some communication idioms.

Unlimited Plan
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surveillance lesson plan

C1 / Advanced | C2 / Proficiency
Flipped Lesson 75 min

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Big Brother is watching you

Business
Technology

This surveillance lesson plan looks into the topic of employee monitoring software and questions the use of this technology raises.

Unlimited Plan
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longevity lesson plan

B2 / Upper Intermediate
Flipped Lesson 60 min

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How to live 100 years and more

Lifestyle

This longevity lesson plan will make your students work at home on a video as well as on word formation, and discuss ideas about living 100+ years.

Unlimited Plan
Show

selfie lesson plan

C1 / Advanced
Standard Lesson 60 min

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Why do we take selfies?

Lifestyle

Our selfie lesson plan focuses on word formation, listening, and language straight from Instagram. All that based on an authentic street interview with New Yorkers.

FASHION LESSON PLAN

B2 / Upper Intermediate
Standard Lesson 45 min

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The problem with fast fashion

Global Issues
Lifestyle

This lesson plan focuses on the issue of fast fashion and engages students in a discussion about fashion and the environment in the 21st century.

Unlimited Plan
Show

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Содержание

Словообразование (word formation [wəːrd fɔ:r’meɪʃ(ə)n]) — образование нового слова от другого слова.

Словообразование и словоизменение (Word Formation and Inflection)

Словообразование противопоставляется словоизменению: Словоизменение — это процесс изменения слова, выражающий грамматическое значение (например, спряжение глагола или образование множественного числа существительного), но при словоизменении слово не приобретает нового лексического значения т.е. это то же самое слово (лексема) в отличных грамматических формах:

  • He is an actor. – Он (есть) актёр.

  • They are actors. – Они (есть) актёры.

В приведённых примерах «is», «are» и «actor», «actors» — это разные грамматические формы тех же слов, эти формы не образуют нового лексического значения.

Способы словообразования (Types of Word Formation)

Деривация (Derivation)

Деривация (derivation [ˌdeɹɪˈveɪʃ(ə)n]) — процесс образования нового слова от другого слова за счет различных аффиксов (приставок и суффиксов).

Различают два вида деривации:

  1. Новое образованное слово (дериватив) переходит в другой класс слов:

    • write → writer (писать → писатель)

  2. Новое слово не переходит в другой класс слов, а только изменяет лексическое значение исходного слова:

    • friend → friendship (друг → дружба)

    • like → dislike (нравиться, любить → испытывать неприязнь)

В английском языке, деривация, а именно переход слова в другой класс также происходит без изменения исходной формы слова. Данный процесс называется нулевая деривация (zero derivation) или конверсия (см. ниже):

  • I love you and I can’t live without your love. – Я люблю тебя и не могу жить без твоей любви.

Слово­сло­же­ние (Compounding)

Словосложение (compounding [kəm’paundɪŋ] / composition [ˌkɔmpə’zɪʃ(ə)n]) — это один из способов образования сложных слов (compound words) , состоящий в морфологическом соединении двух или более слов.

Проблемой в лингвистике английского языка является разграничение некоторых сложных слов и словосочетаний, образуя общий термин композиты (Термин «композит» получил распространение только в русскоязычных грамматиках, в том числе и грамматиках по английскому языку):

  • stay-at-home (домосед)

  • dos and don’ts (правила, нормы)

  • I’m reading the how-to-get-anything-you-want guide. – Я читаю книгу о том, как получить всё, что захочешь.

Раздельное или слитное написание композитов не является основанием, используемым при различении сложных слов и словосочетаний. Основным критерием различия между сложным словом и словосочетанием является обособление лексического значения производного сложного слова от исходного словосочетания.

Вторичное словообразование (Back-formation)

Вторичное словообразование / обратное словообразование[1] / редеривация[2] (back-formation) —

Конверсия (Conversion)

Конверсия (conversion [kənˈvə:rʒ(ə)n]) разновидность словообразования, при котором от одной части речи образуется другая без каких-либо изменений в самой форме слова (безаффиксальное образование слова). Наиболее распространенной моделью конверсии является: [существительное ↔ глагол], например: an e-mail (электронная почта) → to e-mail (написать или отправить электронное письмо); to drink (пить) → a drink (глоток; стакан (вина, воды)):

  • I heard her name his name. – Я слышал, как она назвала его имя. (в первом случае «name» — глагол «назвала», а во втором — существительное со значением «имя»),

  • I love you and I can’t live without your love. – Я люблю тебя и не могу жить без твоей любви.

  • Don’t talk the talk if you can’t walk the walk. – «Не говори того, чего не можешь сделать.»

  • He is my best friend. – Он мой лучший друг.

  • I can best them. – Я могу их превзойти (провести / одержать верх).

  • Love betters what is best.[3]Любовь улучшает лучшее.

  • She lives one floor up. – Она живёт этажом выше.

  • They up the minimum requirements! – Они подняли минимальные требования!

Конверсия прилагательных в существительные может происходить в результате эллипсиса:

  • He’s a good worker but he’s not a very intellectual (person). – Он хороший работник, но не очень умный (человек).

  • The native residents are very hospitable. → The natives are very hospitable. – Местные (жители) очень гостеприимны.

В некоторых случаях происходит временная конверсия прилагательных в существительные. В таких случаях существительное не полностью получает самостоятельное лексическое значение и его полное значение явствует из контекста:

  • Fuel is carried in four tanks, two main tanks and two auxiliariy tanks. → Fuel is carried in four tanks, two main and two auxiliaries. – Топливо перевозится в четырех резервуарах, двух основных и двух вспомогательных.

Употребление прилагательных вместо существительных возможно и без конверсии. Например, некоторые прилагательные могут употребляться вместо существительных, означающих людей и согласуются с глаголом во множественном числе, при этом, прилагательные не принимают формы множественного числа и употребляются с определенным артиклем, например: the rich (богатые), the unemployed (безработные) (см. Субстантивация).

Усечение (Clipping)

Усечение / сокращение (clipping [‘klɪpɪŋ] / truncation [tɹʌŋ’keɪʃ(ə)n] / shortening [‘ʃɔ:ɹtnɪŋ])

  • Инициальное усечение (initial clipping / fore-clipping / apheresis) — усечение начальной части слова:

    • helicopter → copter

    • telephone → phone

    • airplane → plane

    • website → site

  • Финальное усечение (final clipping / back clipping / apocope):

    • demonstration → demo

    • doctor → doc

    • examination → exam

    • gasoline → gas

  • Срединное усечение (medial clipping / syncope):

    • madam → ma’am

    • mathematics → maths

  • Двустороннее усечение (усечение крайних частей слова):

    • influenza → flu

    • refrigerator → fridge

  • ???:

    • tobacco → baccy

    • reconnaissance → reccy

  • Слияние усечений (complex clipping / clipped compound):

    • sci-fi (science fiction)

    • motel (motor hotel)

    • modem (modulator demodulator)

Blending

Abbreviations

Acronyms

Eponyms

Coinages

Nonce words

Borrowing

Calquing


1]

Краткий понятийно-терминологический справочник по этимологии и исторической лексикологии. — Российская академия наук, Институт русского языка им. В. В. Виноградова РАН, Этимология и история слов русского языка . Ж. Ж. Варбот, А. Ф. Журавлев . 1998.

2]

Словарь-справочник лингвистических терминов. Изд. 2-е. — М.: Просвещение Розенталь Д. Э., Теленкова М. А. 1976

3]

William Wordsworth. From The Same.

CC BY-SA Если не указано иное, содержание ESL.Wiki предоставляется на условиях лицензии «Creative Commons «Attribution-ShareAlike» (Атрибуция — На тех же условиях) 4.0 Всемирная» (CC BY-SA 4.0)

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word formation upper intermediate

word formation upper intermediate
Анаграмма

от Gvictoriaalai

Concept noun

Personal noun

Adjective

Verb

absenteeism

The rate of absenteeism is rising in middle and high schools.

absentee

We’ll send the absentees notes from the meeting.

absent-minded

The absent-minded professor wandered into the wrong classroom.

to be absent

Unfortunately, I’ll be absent from class on Friday.

accounting

Can you take care of the accounting on this project?

accountant

I’ll need to ask my accountant for advice on this business deal.

accountable

Do you think we should hold everyone accountable for their mistakes?

account

I think we should open a new bank account.

accusation

The lawyer rebuffed the accusation and stated his case.

accuser / accused

The accuser should always try to understand the motivations of the accused.

accusing

He’s an accusing figure in the company and needs to go!

accuse

Do you really want to accuse him of bribery?

achievement

The victory was an amazing achievement.

achiever

Achievers tend to be outgoing people who don’t mind making mistakes.

achieved

His achieved status at the company was due to his work ethic.

achieve

She’s achieved many things in very long career.

addiction

Drug addiction is a huge problem for many people around the world.

addict

The addict struggled with drug abuse for many years.

addictive/addicted

You’ll find that many addictive drugs are opiates.

to become addicted

A number of students have become addicted to so called «study drugs

administration

The administration has made many mistakes over the past eight years.

administrator

The head administrator will take your questions.

administrative

All administrative tasks are taken care of by human resources.

administrate

We should use a third party to administrate our accounts.

admiration

She showed a lot of admiration for her help.

admirer

Have you ever had a secret admirer?

admired / admiring

The admiring young man stood and gazed.

admire

I enjoy going to the museum to admire fine art.

advertisement

The advertisement was very entertaining.

advertiser

We need to find an advertiser to help pay for expenses.

advertised

The advertised medicine didn’t work as expected.

advertise

Have you ever advertised your products online?

advice

I think you should take his advice.

adviser

I’m going to see my adviser next week on campus.

advisory

The advisory committee decided to postpone the decision.

advise

What would you advise me to do?

aggravation

I’ve certainly had my fair share of aggravation.

aggressor

The aggressor was caught and thrown into jail.

aggravating

She has an aggravating backache.

aggravate

I aggravated my brother with my remarks about his wife.

agitation

I felt a lot of agitation when I heard the news.

agitator

The agitator was taken to jail by the police.

agitated

The agitated citizen screamed at the reporter.

agitate

Be careful to not agitate the situation with your remarks.

analysis

The analysis of the situation is very interesting.

analyst

The analyst was very expensive, but necessary for our case.

analytical

He cast an analytical eye on the situation.

analyse

Do you think you could analyse the evidence?

antagonism

She felt his antagonism was misplaced.

antagonist

The antagonist made a convincing case against the hero.

antagonistic

Her antagonistic attitude got her into trouble at work.

antagonize

You’ll be sorry if you antagonize them.

arbitration

The arbitration went on for three weeks.

arbitrator

The arbitrator in the case made a decision.

arbitrary

I think he made an arbitrary decision that be ignored.

arbitrate

The judge will arbitrate the case.

assassination

The assassination stunned the nation.

assassin

The assassin was caught within three days.

assassinated

The country wept over the assassinated president.

assassinate

Most people could not assassinate anyone.

authorization

I gave him complete authorization on the project.

authority

He’s an authority in his field.

authoritarian / authoritative

Her authoritarian approach scared the students.

authorize

Can you authorize this request?

Connect Four Word Formation is a great game for students studying for Cambridge exams such as FCE, CAE and CPE. In this activity, students look at the root of a word and have to turn the word into a noun, verb, adjective or adverb. The first team to get four squares in a row are the winners.
Aim: Practice word-formation with students
Level: Teens and adults (Lower intermediate +)
Time: 10 – 15 minutes

Method
  1. Project, print or write the root words on the board in a table. See the printable below for examples.
  2. Put students in teams. You can have two or more teams playing at the same time.
  3. The first team selects a word from the board and they must change the word into the correct form (e.g a noun if students are practicing noun formation.)
  4. The next team then takes their turn. The first team to connect four (horizontally, vertically or diagonally) are the winners.

 

Find pre-made examples in the download below.

Find more games and activities on our YouTube Channel

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