English all over the word

I.                 
Раскройте скобки. Употребите
Present Simple Passive. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1.  English (to speak)
all over the world.

2.  Volkswagen cars (to
make) in Germany.

3.  We feed our cats
twice a day. But the dogs (to feed) just once a day.

4.  These reports (to
translate) from Russian into English.

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ТЕМА:       People speak English all over the world

ЦЕЛЬ: развивать любовь к предмету;

ЗАДАЧИ:

образовательные:

провести практику речевой деятельности;

учить логическому высказыванию по теме; активизировать в речи учащихся ЛЕ по теме “       People speak English all over the world”;

воспитательные: развивать интерес к культуре собственной страны; воспитывать уважение к культуре страны изучаемого языка;

развивающие: развивать межпредметную связь и познавательный интерес учащихся; развивать умение диалогической и монологической речи, способность к догадке, воображение;

ТИП УРОКА: итоговый по теме “People speak English all over the world”

ОБОРУДОВАНИЕ: наглядные пособия по праздникам; ТСО: мультимедиа комплект; CD, УМК Биболетова М.З.

ХОД УРОКА

Орг.момент:

Т.: Good afternoon, boys and girls. Sit down, please. The topic of our lesson today will be “People speak English all over the world”.

Основная часть урока:

Т.: At present, the language of international communication, a “global language” is English. It occupied a primary place in international science and business. It is now the third most spoken native language worldwide (after Chinese and Hindi) with 380 million speakers. People in 30 countries speak English as a second language. About 70 per cent of Russian students choose as their first foreign language at school. What do you think learning foreign language is it important? Presentation

S.: Foreign languages are important for everyday life. Speaking foreign languages aids communication and global understanding. It gives more opportunities of finding a better-paid and interesting job. It is necessary for international commerce and different types of cultural exchange such as diplomacy.

T.: Presentation Here is the list of possible reasons for and against learning English. Choose the reasons why do you study English.

S.: English is necessary for communication with people when you are abroad.

Learning foreign languages takes too much time.

There are many newspapers and radio programs in Russian- there is no need in reading newspapers and listening to radio programs in English.

When you listen to songs in English, it’s better to understand the words.

When you are abroad as a tourist, the guide helps in all situations and explains everything in Russian.

If you know English you can get information from different newspapers and radio stations.

Watching English and American films in the original is more interesting than watching them in translation.

Most of interesting films are translated in Russian.

Learning English is interesting and exciting.

When people listen to foreign songs, they enjoy the music and they don’t need words.

T.: Add reasons for yourself.

S-S: I want to have good marks.

My parents want me to study English.

I want to have good marks.

I want to make friends in different counties.

It is very useful for travelling.

T.: What do people need English for?

S.: About 20% of the world’s population speaks English.

Doctors and scientists find easy to exchange ideas in English.

English has become a means of communication within some countries where different groups of people speak different languages. For example in India

There are 15 official languages and thousands of dialects.

English is called the language of the sky and the sea. Every pilot and ship’s captain must speak English to communicate with each other.

80% of all information in the word’s computers is in English.

English is the language of politicians.

Most international business letters are written in English.

Most international journalists have to know English.

English is the language of rock and pop music.

American and British companies produce thousands of films, videos and TV programmes every year. They are shown all over the world with subtitle and dubbing.

T.: Is it easy to learn English? What is the most difficult for you grammar rules or translations?

Students…

T.: It is very useful to know English because it is one of the languages more often spoken by people in various part of the world.

Look at the pictures.   Name capitals of the largest English-speaking countries.

 Presentation The capitals of English-speaking countries.

 T.: Listen to the tape and try to guess which countries they are from. Say why you think so.

  Alison

She is from…

a) New Zealand         b) Australia                    c) the UK

 Her country is famous for

a) animals                   b) sights                         c) the geographical position

 Summer Olympics Games were held in

a) 1996                        b) 2000                             c) 2004

The most beautiful cities are…

a) Ottawa and Vancouver   b) London and Oxford       c) Sydney and Melbourne

Sam

His country is situated in

a) North America        b) Africa                 c) Europe

The capital of his country is…

a) Ottawa                     b) Wellington         c) Washington

His country is famous for…

a) exotic animals         b) the Niagara falls  c) universities

Melissa

Her country is in …

a) North America        b) Eastern Europe    c) Western Europe

It’s twice smaller than …

a) France and Spain     b) Russia          c) Canada

Sometimes her country is called …

a) the USA            b) the UK             c) the  UAR

T.:  Now you’ll get cards. Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

The official languages in New Zealand are …

When it’s summer in Europe, it’s winter in ….

 The world’s seventh biggest city is …

The full name of the UK is …

The biggest island and smallest continent in the world is…

Sometimes Australia is called …

There are some differences between British and American English. For example a film in Britain is a … in America, a postman is a …, the underground is the….

The red and white Canadian flag shows…

New Zealand is sometimes called ….

The second largest country in the world is…

T.: Which country would you like to visit?

T.: There are some differences between British and American English. For example a film in Britain is a … in America, a postman is a …, the underground is the….

Подведение итогов урока:                                                                                                               

Our lesson is over. We’ve made so much today and as a conclusion of our lesson I wish you be always happy. Study English because of it’s very interesting and useful. Let’s say «Good-bye» to our guests.

In a world of diverse, beautiful and evolving languages, one seems to be spoken more widely than any other – English. But is this tongue from a tiny island nation really capable of taking over the world? Some would argue that it already has.

Globally Speaking, English is Everywhere

English is recognised as an official language in 54 countries and 27 territories – mostly states formerly under the control of the British Empire. English is also spoken as the de facto or de jure language in places maintaining strong trade connections with the USA and UK, spreading the adoption further.

English tops the list of official languages spoken around the world. While it may not have the highest number of native speakers, it is the most popular second language, spread over every continent.

And the number of English speakers is growing. In 2006, it was believed that around 1 billion people spoke English around the world. Today, 1.8 billion people speak useful English – but only around 360 million of them are native speakers.

The growth of English might seem great for native speakers travelling and working overseas – but it’s not. The proliferation of the English language presents a deep, worrying problem for the world at large in an age where erasing history has never been easier.

The Internet is in English

The internet age has helped English words penetrate the most widely spoken languages around the world. English language websites account for 52.4% of the top 10 million websites in the world. Websites in the next closest language (German) account for only 6.3% of the top 10 million websites.

Of the 4.16 billion people in the world who use the internet, over 25% use English language websites. That’s more than 1 billion people, the majority of which do not speak English as their primary language. Suddenly it seems, English is the official language of the internet, too.

The homogenisation of language threatens to render the most vulnerable world languages extinct – a process accelerated by the connective nature of this new, internet-powered world. Language is extremely powerful, and its diversity is part of the beauty within it. Losing that diversity could diminish and disempower the entire human species.

The Cultural Impact of English Proliferation

Before you ask “so what?” picture this the other way around – with English, or your own native language being muscled out. It’s hard to imagine, isn’t it?

Why is it so bad to have one global language, and why would English be any worse than Chinese, or German – or any other language?

The language itself doesn’t really matter. The fact that English is the language is almost irrelevant (almost – unless you know your history). What really matters is the erasure of history, culture and language in favour of English.

No language is superior; all fall foul of contradictions, imperfections, complexities and a lack of words. English is notoriously difficult and weird, even to native speakers. And it carries a lot of cultural baggage, spread around the world through colonialism and later through film, music and exported western culture.

Despite the way it muscled out native languages in so many countries, English became cool – because of its ties to celebrity and stardom from the golden age of cinema. But in some countries, English academic prowess has become synonymous with success and social mobility – like in South Korea. It’s more than a language now; English is a symbol.

English isn’t a bad language – but its proliferation is having negative effects. When a language becomes inescapable, the world’s vibrancy is dulled a little more – a sad result of globalisation that only begs the question “why English?”

Even though English seems to win out over other languages, it simply isn’t good enough to express everything – as bilinguals and multilingual people will tell you. Some of us revert to our mother tongue to express certain things; relief, comfort, love, pain – some people dream in their mother tongue, and wake to tell the story in English.

English offers just one way of encoding and deciphering the world. Different languages offer different perspectives – equally important, valid ones. While English doesn’t look set to dominate the whole planet, it’s coming very close – and some of the world’s most important cultural riches could be lost if it ever gets there.

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about countries around the world that use English. For countries with cultural and linguistic connections to England, see Anglosphere.

The English-speaking world includes over 2 billion people globally who speak the English language as of the 2000s,^[1][2] making English the largest language by number of speakers, and the third largest language by number of native speakers. The regions where English is natively spoken by the majority of the population, due to cultural connections to England, are termed «the Anglosphere». Speakers of English are called Anglophones.

England and the Scottish Lowlands, countries of the United Kingdom, are the birthplace of the English language, and the modern form of the language has been spread around the world since the 17th century, first by the worldwide influence of England and later the United Kingdom, and then by that of the United States. Through all types of printed and electronic media of these countries, English has become the leading language of international discourse and the lingua franca in many regions and professional contexts such as science, navigation and law.^[3] The United Kingdom remains the largest English-speaking country in Europe.^[4]

The United States and India have the most total English speakers, with 283 million and 246 million, respectively. There are also 108 million in Pakistan, 79 million in Nigeria, and 64 million in the Philippines.^[4] When those who speak English as a second language are included, estimates of the number of Anglophones vary greatly, from 470 million to more than 2 billion.^[2] David Crystal calculates that as of 2003 non-native speakers outnumbered native speakers by a ratio of 3:1.^[5] As of 2012, India claimed to have the world’s second-largest English-speaking population: the most reliable estimate is around 10% of its population (125 million people), a number that is expected to have quadrupled by 2022.^{[6][needs update]} When native and non-native speakers are combined, English is the most widely spoken language worldwide.

Besides the major varieties of English, such as American, British, Canadian, Australian, Irish, New Zealand English, and their sub-varieties, countries such as South Africa, India, Nigeria, the Philippines, Jamaica, and Trinidad and Tobago also have millions of native speakers of dialect continua ranging from English-based creole languages to Standard English. Other countries, such as Ghana and Uganda, also use English as their primary official languages.

Majority English-speaking countries[edit]

English is the primary natively spoken language in several countries and territories. Five of the largest of these are sometimes described as the «core Anglosphere»;^[7][8][9] they are the United States of America (with at least 231 million^{[clarification needed]} native English speakers),^[10] the United Kingdom (60 million),^[11][12][13] Canada (19 million),^[14] Australia (at least 17 million),^[15] and New Zealand (4.8 million).^[16] English is also the primary natively spoken language in Ireland. English based creoles are spoken by a majority of people in Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, The Bahamas, Belize, Grenada, Barbados, Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Kitts and Nevis, and Suriname.^[17] English is also spoken by a majority of people as a second language in countries such as Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Slovenia, and Sweden.

Countries where English is an official language[edit]

In some countries where English is not the most spoken language, it is an official language or has some official status. These countries include Belize, Botswana, Cameroon (co-official with French), Eswatini (Swaziland), Fiji, Ghana, India, Kenya, Kiribati, Lesotho, Liberia, Malawi, Malaysia, Malta, the Marshall Islands, Mauritius, the Federated States of Micronesia, Namibia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Palau, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Rwanda, Samoa, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, the Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Sudan, South Africa, South Sudan, Tanzania, The Gambia, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. There also are countries where in a part of the territory English became a co-official language, in Colombia’s San Andrés and Providencia, Hong Kong, Honduras’s Bay Islands, and Nicaragua’s Mosquito Coast. This was a result of the influence of British colonization and American colonization in these areas.

India has the largest number of second-language speakers of English (see Indian English); Crystal (2004) claims that, combining native and non-native speakers, India has more people who speak or understand English than any other country in the world. However, most scholars and research that has been conducted dispute his assertions.^[18] Pakistan also has the English language (Pakistani English) as a second official language after the Urdu language as the result of British rule (Raj). Sri Lanka and the Philippines use English as their third and second official language after Sinhala and Tamil, and Filipino, respectively.

English is one of the eleven official languages that are given equal status in South Africa (South African English), where there are 4.8 million native English speakers.^[19] It is also the official language in current dependent territories of Australia (Norfolk Island, Christmas Island and Cocos (Keeling) Islands) and of the United States of America (American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico (in Puerto Rico, English is co-official with Spanish) and the US Virgin Islands),^[20] and Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China.

Although the United States federal government has no official languages, English has been given official status by 32 of the 50 US state governments.^[21][22] Furthermore, per United States nationality law, the process of becoming a naturalized citizen of the US entails a basic English proficiency test, which may be the most prominent example of the claim of the nation not having an official language being belied by policy realities.

English is also an important language in several former colonies and protectorates of the United Kingdom, such as Bahrain, Bangladesh, Brunei, Cyprus and the United Arab Emirates.

English as a global language[edit]

Because English is so widely spoken, it has often been referred to as a «world language», the lingua franca of the modern era,^[23] and while it is not an official language in most countries, it is currently the language most often taught as a foreign language.^[5][24] It is, by international treaty, the official language for aeronautical^[25] and maritime^[26] communications. English is one of the official languages of the United Nations and many other international organizations, including the International Olympic Committee. It is also one of two co-official languages for astronauts (besides the Russian language) serving on board the International Space Station.^{[citation needed]}

English is studied most often in the European Union, and the perception of the usefulness of foreign languages among Europeans is 67% in favor of English ahead of 17% for German and 16% for French (as of 2012). Among some of the non-English-speaking EU countries, the following percentages of the adult population claimed to be able to converse in English in 2012: 90% in the Netherlands, 89% in Malta, 86% in Sweden and Denmark, 73% in Cyprus, Croatia, and Austria, 70% in Finland, and over 50% in Greece, Belgium, Luxembourg, Slovenia, and Germany. In 2012, excluding native speakers, 38% of Europeans consider that they can speak English.^[27]

Books, magazines, and newspapers written in English are available in many countries around the world, and English is the most commonly used language in the sciences^[23] with Science Citation Index reporting as early as 1997 that 95% of its articles were written in English, even though only half of them came from authors in English-speaking countries.

In publishing, English literature predominates considerably with 28 per cent of all books published in the world [Leclerc 2011]^{[full citation needed]} and 30 per cent of web content in 2011 (down from 50 per cent in 2000).^[24]

This increasing use of the English language globally has had a large impact on many other languages, leading to language shift and even language death,^[28] and to claims of linguistic imperialism. English itself has become more open to language shift as multiple regional varieties feed back into the language as a whole.^[29]

References[edit]

Bibliography[edit]

Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 March 2013). «2011 Census QuickStats: Australia». Retrieved 25 March 2015.

Afhan Meytiyev (26 September 2013). «English and diplomacy» (PDF). Scotland’s Census 2011. Retrieved 25 March 2020.

Bao, Z. (2006). «Variation in Nonnative Varieties of English». In Brown, Keith (ed.). Encyclopedia of language & linguistics. Elsevier. pp. 377–380. doi:10.1016/B0-08-044854-2/04257-7. ISBN 978-0-08-044299-0.

Crystal, David (19 November 2004b). «Subcontinent Raises Its Voice». The Guardian. Retrieved 4 February 2015.

Crystal, David (2006). «Chapter 9: English worldwide». In Denison, David; Hogg, Richard M. (eds.). A History of the English language. Cambridge University Press. pp. 420–439. ISBN 978-0-511-16893-2.

National Records of Scotland (26 September 2013). «Census 2011: Release 2A». Scotland’s Census 2011. Retrieved 25 March 2015.

«The Routes of English». 1 August 2015.

Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (11 December 2012). «Census 2011: Key Statistics for Northern Ireland December 2012» (PDF). Statistics Bulletin. Table KS207NI: Main Language. Retrieved 16 December 2014.

Northrup, David (20 March 2013). How English Became the Global Language. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-137-30306-6.

Office for National Statistics (4 March 2013). «Language in England and Wales, 2011». 2011 Census Analysis. Retrieved 16 December 2014.

Ryan, Camille (August 2013). «Language Use in the United States: 2011» (PDF). American Community Survey Reports. p. 1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-02-05. Retrieved 16 December 2014.

Statistics Canada (22 August 2014). «Population by mother tongue and age groups (total), 2011 counts, for Canada, provinces and territories». Archived from the original on Sep 23, 2015. Retrieved 25 March 2015.

Statistics New Zealand (April 2014). «2013 QuickStats About Culture and Identity» (PDF). p. 23. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 January 2015. Retrieved 25 March 2015.

Census 2011: Census in brief (PDF). Pretoria: Statistics South Africa. 2012. Table 2.5 Population by first language spoken and province (number). ISBN 9780621413885. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2015.

English and Diplomacy