Драйвер microsoft excel driver xls

Содержание

  1. Загрузка из excel с использованием ADODB
  2. C# ODBC Connection String for Access & Excel
  3. Build connection strings and enumerate installed ODBC drivers (32bit and 64bit)
  4. ODBC Drivers
  5. Install ODBC Driver for *.accdb and *.xlsx
  6. ODBC Connection String
  7. Enumerate ODBC Drivers
  8. Check if ODBC Driver is installed
  9. Find Access or Excel ODBC Driver for File Extension
  10. Importing data from a Microsoft Excel 2007 workbook using Visual FoxPro 9.0
  11. RAPID PUBLISHING
  12. Action
  13. Resolution
  14. DISCLAIMER
  15. Getting Data between Excel and SQL Server using ODBC
  16. Why Use ODBC?
  17. The ODBC Excel driver (ACE)

Загрузка из excel с использованием ADODB

Всем доброго времени суток! Оговорю сразу, с данным методом загрузки не разу не работал, возможно у кого то уже был опыт с данной технологией
Есть код загрузки файла:

Знач ПодключениеADODB = «MicrosoftJetOLEDB40»)

Перем СonnectionString, ADODBConnection, ADODBRecordset, ТекстЗапроса;
Перем КолвоКолонокExcel, Поле, Колонка, ИмяКолонки;
Перем НоваяСтрока, НомерСтроки;
//Перем ТаблицаРезультат;

// Нумерация MS ADODB начинается с 1.

// Переменная «СтрокаЗаголовка», не используется, т.к. HDR=YES, а не HDR=NO.
//HDR = YES;
// 1. Считывание заголовков колонок с 1-ой строки.
// 2. Считываемые данные со 2-ой и последующих строк типизированы. Для варианта HDR=NO: считываемые данные — строка.

// Строка соединения — определение драйвера, который будет использован для подключения к файлу EXCEL.
Если ПодключениеADODB = «MicrosoftACEOLEDB12» Тогда

// ACE.OLEDB.12.0 — Для использования данного подключения необходимо дополнительное ПО:
// Microsoft Access Database Engine 2010 Redistributable 32/64 bit.
СonnectionString = «Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source= » + СокрЛП(ФайлEXCEL) + «;Extended Properties=»»Excel 12.0;HDR=NO;IMEX=1;»»»;

// Jet.OLEDB.4.0 — Стандартное подключение, как правило, не требующее установки дополнительного ПО.
// Рекомендуется установить последний Service Pack Windows.
СonnectionString = «Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source= » + СокрЛП(ФайлEXCEL) + «;Extended Properties=»»Excel 8.0;HDR=NO;IMEX=1;»»»;

// Еще один вариант.
//СтрокаСоединения = «Driver=;Dbq=» + СокрЛП(ФайлEXCEL) + «;»;

Попытка
// Инициализация основного объекта ADODB.Connection. Открытие соединения.
ADODBConnection = Новый COMОбъект(«ADODB.Connection»);
ADODBConnection.ConnectionString = СonnectionString;
ADODBConnection.Open();
// Импирически определенный параметр для правильного определения количества строк листа.
ADODBConnection.CursorLocation = 3; // По-умолчанию 2.
Исключение
Сообщить(НСтр(«ru = ‘»+ОписаниеОшибки()+»‘»), СтатусСообщения.Внимание);
//Возврат Новый ТаблицаЗначений; // В случае ошибки возвращаем пустую таблицу значений.
КонецПопытки;

ТекстЗапроса = «SELECT * FROM [» + ИмяЛиста + «$]»;

// Создание Recordset. Дочерний объект ADODBConnection. Набор записей по запросу.
Попытка
ADODBRecordset = Новый COMОбъект(«ADODB.Recordset»);
ADODBRecordset.Open(ТекстЗапроса, ADODBConnection);

// Проверка заполненности листа.
Если (ADODBRecordset.EOF ИЛИ ADODBRecordset.BOF) Тогда
КолвоСтрокExcel = 0;
Сообщить(НСтр(«ru = ‘» + ИмяЛиста + «: не содержит данных.’»), СтатусСообщения.Внимание);

// Завершение работы.
// Закрытие Объектов.
ADODBRecordset.Close();
ADODBConnection.Close();
ADODBRecordset = Неопределено;
ADODBConnection = Неопределено;

//Возврат Новый ТаблицаЗначений; // В случае ошибки возвращаем пустую таблицу значений.
КонецЕсли;

// Импирически определенные параметры для правильного определения количества строк листа.
ADODBRecordset.AbsolutePage = 1;
ADODBRecordset.AbsolutePosition = 1;
Исключение
Сообщить(НСтр(«ru = ‘»+ОписаниеОшибки()+»‘»), СтатусСообщения.Внимание);
//Возврат Новый ТаблицаЗначений; // В случае ошибки возвращаем пустую таблицу значений.
КонецПопытки;

// Параметр, возвращаемый в вызывающую процедуру.
КолвоСтрокExcel = ADODBRecordset.RecordCount + 1; // (+1) — учет Строки-Заголовока, которая «съедается».
КолвоКолонокExcel = ADODBRecordset.Fields.Count;

// Проверка заполненности листа.
Если КолвоСтрокExcel 0 И НомерСтроки > КонСтрока Тогда // Номер строки вне диапазона считываемых строк.
Прервать;
КонецЕсли;

Источник

C# ODBC Connection String for Access & Excel

Build connection strings and enumerate installed ODBC drivers (32bit and 64bit)

Before we can build the connection string we need to ensure that the ODBC drivers are available on our system.

ODBC Drivers

The standard ODBC drivers for MS Access 97 (*.mdb) and MS Excel 97 (*.xls) should be available on all Windows installations:

Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)
Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls)

. but the MS Office 2010 ODBC drivers for *.xlsx and *.accdb might not be installed on your system.
This means it might be required to install the drivers first, if you want to use an Excel file with the extension .xlsx or an Access file with the extension .accdb.

Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb, *.accdb)
Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls, *.xlsx, *.xlsm, *.xlsb)

Install ODBC Driver for *.accdb and *.xlsx

You can download the latest version of «Microsoft Access Database Engine (2010)» (for MS Access and MS Excel) here:
http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=13255

Important: There are different drivers for 32bit and 64bit applications. If you want to build a 32bit application, then you need to install the 32bit version of the driver, because a 32bit application cannot use the 64bit driver and a 64bit application cannot use the 32bit driver!

ODBC Connection String

The connection string for MS Access and MS Excel has the following syntax:

We need only 2 parameter: the ODBC driver and the file path.
e.g.

The «driver» can be different depending on the language, so it could be required to enumerate the installed drivers and search for the file extension.
e.g. «Microsoft Excel Driver» is called «Microsoft Excel Treiber» in German.

Enumerate ODBC Drivers

The system stores a list of the installed ODBC drivers in the registry HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE.
There are two different locations for 32bit and 64bit drivers:

32bit: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREODBCODBCINST.INIODBC Drivers
64bit: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREWow6432NodeODBCODBCINST.INIODBC Drivers

Sample code to enumerate 32bit ODBC drivers:

using (RegistryKey reghklm = Registry.LocalMachine)
using (RegistryKey regdrivers = reghklm.OpenSubKey(@»SOFTWAREODBCODBCINST.INIODBC Drivers»))
<
if (regdrivers != null)
<
foreach (string driver in regdrivers.GetValueNames())
<
// display drivers
MessageBox.Show (driver);
>
>
>

Check if ODBC Driver is installed

We can build a small function to check if a specific ODBC driver (language) is available, e.g. «Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls, *.xlsx, *.xlsm, *.xlsb)»

private bool IsODBCDriverInstalled(string searchfor)
<
using (RegistryKey reghklm = Registry.LocalMachine)
using (RegistryKey regdrivers = reghklm.OpenSubKey(@»SOFTWAREODBCODBCINST.INIODBC Drivers»))
<
if (regdrivers != null)
<
foreach (string driver in regdrivers.GetValueNames())
<
if (driver.IndexOf(searchfor) != -1) return true;
>
>
>
return false;
>

// check if English(!) Excel (2010) driver is installed
string driver= «Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls, *.xlsx, *.xlsm, *.xlsb)»;
if (IsODBCDriverInstalled(driver))
<
// driver installed
>
else
<
// driver not found
>

The function returns false if e.g. the German version is installed, so it might be better to enumerate the drivers and search for the file extension «*.xlsx».

Find Access or Excel ODBC Driver for File Extension

We just need to modify the code a bit, so that the function returns a valid driver (any language) for the given file extension.
The function returns an empty string if no valid driver was found.

private string GetODBCDriverForExtension(string extension)
<
using (RegistryKey reghklm = Registry.LocalMachine)
using (RegistryKey regdrivers = reghklm.OpenSubKey(@»SOFTWAREODBCODBCINST.INIODBC Drivers»))
<
if (regdrivers != null)
<
foreach (string driver in regdrivers.GetValueNames())
<
if (driver.IndexOf(extension) != -1) return driver;
>
>
>
return «»;
>

// search for .xlsx (MS Excel 2010) driver
string xlsxdriver = GetODBCDriverForExtension(«*.xlsx»);
// search for .accdb (MS Access 2010) driver
string accdbdriver = GetODBCDriverForExtension(«*.accdb»);

If you prefer e.g. the English driver: check if the English driver is installed — otherwise use any valid driver for the file extension.

©1997-2023 Arclab®. All other trademarks and brand names are the property of their respective owners.

Источник

Importing data from a Microsoft Excel 2007 workbook using Visual FoxPro 9.0

Source: Microsoft Support

RAPID PUBLISHING

RAPID PUBLISHING ARTICLES PROVIDE INFORMATION DIRECTLY FROM WITHIN THE MICROSOFT SUPPORT ORGANIZATION. THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS CREATED IN RESPONSE TO EMERGING OR UNIQUE TOPICS, OR IS INTENDED SUPPLEMENT OTHER KNOWLEDGE BASE INFORMATION.

Action

You have a Microsoft Excel 2007 workbook (.XLSX). You want to import data from it into a Microsoft Visual FoxPro (VFP) table using VFP.

Resolution

There are a number of ways of accomplishing this task:

1. Export the Excel sheet(s) as comma delimited files (.CSV) and use the IMPORT command or the Import Wizard inside VFP to import the file(s).

2. Write custom VFP OLE automation code to automate Excel and extract the data to VFP.

3. Use the Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls, *.xlsx, *.xlsm, *.xlsb) ODBC driver included with the 2007 Office System Driver: Data Connectivity Components package to access and extract data from the Excel workbook, either through a VFP Remote View or programmatically, as in the following sample code:

*————————————
* AUTHOR: Trevor Hancock
* CREATED: 02/15/08 04:55:31 PM
* ABSTRACT: Code demonstrates how to connect to
* and extract data from an Excel 2007 Workbook
* using the «Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls, *.xlsx, *.xlsm, *.xlsb)»
* from the 2007 Office System Driver: Data Connectivity Components
*————————————
LOCAL lcXLBook AS STRING, lnSQLHand AS INTEGER, ;
lcSQLCmd AS STRING, lnSuccess AS INTEGER, ;
lcConnstr AS STRING
CLEAR

IF !FILE( lcXLBook )
? [Excel file not found]
RETURN .F.
ENDIF
*— Attempt a connection to the .XLSX WorkBook.
*— NOTE: If the specified workbook is not found,
*— it will be created by this driver! You cannot rely on a
*— connection failure — it will never fail. Ergo, success
*— is not checked here. Used FILE() instead.
lnSQLHand = SQLSTRINGCONNECT( lcConnstr )

*— Connect successful if we are here. Extract data.
lcSQLCmd = [Select * FROM «Sheet1$»]
lnSuccess = SQLEXEC( lnSQLHand, lcSQLCmd, [xlResults] )
? [SQL Cmd Success:], IIF( lnSuccess > 0, ‘Good!’, ‘Failed’ )
IF lnSuccess

DISCLAIMER

MICROSOFT AND/OR ITS SUPPLIERS MAKE NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES ABOUT THE SUITABILITY, RELIABILITY OR ACCURACY OF THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THE DOCUMENTS AND RELATED GRAPHICS PUBLISHED ON THIS WEBSITE (THE “MATERIALS”) FOR ANY PURPOSE. THE MATERIALS MAY INCLUDE TECHNICAL INACCURACIES OR TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS AND MAY BE REVISED AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE.

TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, MICROSOFT AND/OR ITS SUPPLIERS DISCLAIM AND EXCLUDE ALL REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES, AND CONDITIONS WHETHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES, OR CONDITIONS OF TITLE, NON INFRINGEMENT, SATISFACTORY CONDITION OR QUALITY, MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, WITH RESPECT TO THE MATERIALS.

Источник

Getting Data between Excel and SQL Server using ODBC

With ODBC, you can summarise, and select just the data you need, in an Excel workbook before importing it into SQL Server. You can join data from different areas or worksheets. You can even get data from the result of a SQL Server SELECT statement into an Excel spreadsheet. Phil Factor shows how, and warns of some of the pitfalls.

Why Use ODBC?

It is reasonably easy to insert data from Excel into SQL Server, or the reverse, from any other ODBC database to any other, using PowerShell. The most important direction is from Excel to SQL Server, of course. It is quicker than automating Excel and you can do it without requiring a copy of Excel. It is neater than SSIS too, and more versatile. The most important thing, though, is that you can aggregate before you send the data. It is possible to do a lot of filtering and aggregation of data before it ever gets to SQL Server, since you can turn an existing Excel Workbook into a poor-man’s relational database, or even create one. This article will aim to show how this is done.

I always feel slightly awkward in talking about ODBC. It is a Once and Future technology, developed before its time, but now showing its value for processing large volumes of data, despite its quirks, poor documentation and lackluster support. If you use the ODBC driver, then your Excel workbook becomes a little SQL-based relational database. Worksheets, or areas within worksheets, become tables. There are some features missing, of course, but you can do joins between tables, filter rows to taste, do aggregations and some string manipulations. This means that you need pull far less data into SQL because you can do a lot of selection and pre-processing before the data gets anywhere near SQL server. If, for example, you only need the total, count, and variance of a day’s readings, then why on earth would you want to import more than those aggregated figures? Even if you do, these aggregations, performed on the original data, can be used as a ‘reconciliation’ check that you’ve gulped all the data into their final destination without error.

I also prefer to use ODBC and the sequential data reader to read data from Excel, or any other ODBC source, because it is fast; and I like to use the bulk copy library to insert ODBC ‘reader’ data into a SQL Server table because it is extremely fast, so we’ll use that. When you have a large number of big spreadsheets to insert as a chore, then speed matters.

The ODBC Excel driver (ACE)

ODBC was conceived as a way of making it as easy to connect to a particular datasource such a relational database, text file, data document (e.g. XML), web-based data or spreadsheet

Currently, the state of the art in ODBC for Access and Excel is the Microsoft Access Database Engine 2010 Redistributable which can be downloaded here. This includes the more popular OLEDB drivers which run well in PowerShell too. These drivers enable you to access a range of data files via SQL as if they were a relational database. Formats include Access, CSV, delimited, DBase and Excel

For developing on a general-purpose 64-bit desktop computer, you’re likely to hit a very silly Microsoft muddle. Microsoft recommends that you install the 32-bit version of Office 2010, even on 64-bit machines, since many of the common Office Add-ins did not run in the 64-bit Office environment. This advice has become baked-in ‘best practice’. If you are using 64-bit PowerShell, as most of us are, then you need to use the 64-bit version of the drivers. If you only have the 32-bit Office on your machine, then it will already have the 32-bit drivers, which won’t be visible to 64-bit PowerShell, and won’t work. You can’t install the 64 bit drivers when you already have the 32-bit drivers and I don’t think you can get anything good to happen by uninstalling the 32-bit drivers. Nope. All three (or four if you include Visual Studio) must be 64 bit. I gather that one way out of this Catch 22 is to first install the 64-bit Office 2010 ODBC/OleDB drivers and after that the (32-bit) Office, but there is a better fix that involves tweaking the registry. See this for the full frustrating story.

The ODBC Excel driver in ACE works with the latest Excel spreadsheet format up to 2010 as well as the old ones. I suspect that the latest version will work with Office 2013, though I haven’t yet tried it.

This driver is valuable because of the flexibility it gives. It actually executes ODBC SQL, which is a subset of SQL92, so you can put in column aliases, change the column order, and filter out rows that you don’t want to import. In effect, it presents you with a SQL tables which can be named ranges, if it is an existing worksheet that you’ve added named ranges to.

Источник

RRS feed

  • Remove From My Forums
  • Question

  • Hi Guys,

    Where can i download the Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls, *.xlsx, *.xslm, *.xlsb)’

    Currently i only have Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls) and i need to add the xlsx format too.

All replies

  • Hi,

    I’m afraid you are mixed up something.  «*.xls», «*.xlsx», «*.xslm», «*.xlsb» is not a driver, but only an extension or a part of file name.
    So, you don’t have to download driver, only need to install Excel in your computer.  If Excel is installed, you can open, read/write, and save «*.xls», «*.xlsx», «*.xslm», «*.xlsb» file.

    If I misunderstand your question, please provide what you want to do after download the Microsoft Driver (using your words).

    Regards,


    Ashidacchi

    • Edited by

      Wednesday, September 6, 2017 10:05 PM

    • Proposed as answer by
      Emi ZhangMicrosoft contingent staff
      Tuesday, September 12, 2017 1:36 AM
  • I think you are looking for Runtime environment for accessing Excel. Please install this:

    https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=50040

With ODBC, you can summarise, and select just the data you need, in an Excel workbook before importing it into SQL Server. You can join data from different areas or worksheets. You can even get data from the result of a SQL Server SELECT statement into an Excel spreadsheet. Phil Factor shows how, and warns of some of the pitfalls.

Why Use ODBC?

It is reasonably easy to insert data from Excel into SQL Server, or the reverse, from any other ODBC database to any other, using PowerShell. The most important direction is from Excel to SQL Server, of course. It is quicker than automating Excel and you can do it without requiring a copy of Excel. It is neater than SSIS too, and more versatile. The most important thing, though, is that you can aggregate before you send the data. It is possible to do a lot of filtering and aggregation of data before it ever gets to SQL Server, since you can turn an existing Excel Workbook into a poor-man’s relational database, or even create one. This article will aim to show how this is done.

I always feel slightly awkward in talking about ODBC. It is a Once and Future technology, developed before its time, but now showing its value for processing large volumes of data, despite its quirks, poor documentation and lackluster support. If you use the ODBC driver, then your Excel workbook becomes a little SQL-based relational database. Worksheets, or areas within worksheets, become tables. There are some features missing, of course, but you can do joins between tables, filter rows to taste,  do aggregations and some string manipulations.  This means that you need pull far less data into SQL because you can do a lot of selection and pre-processing before the data gets anywhere near SQL server. If, for example, you only need the total, count, and variance of a day’s readings, then why on earth would you want to import more than those aggregated figures?  Even if you do, these aggregations, performed on the original data, can be used as a ‘reconciliation’ check that you’ve gulped all the data into their final destination without error.

 I also prefer to use ODBC and the sequential data reader to read data from Excel, or any other ODBC source, because it is fast; and I like to use the bulk copy library to insert  ODBC ‘reader’ data into a SQL Server table because it is extremely fast, so we’ll use that. When you have a large number of big spreadsheets to insert as a chore, then speed matters.

The ODBC Excel driver (ACE)

ODBC was conceived as a way of making it as easy to connect to a particular datasource such a relational database, text file, data document (e.g. XML), web-based data or spreadsheet

Currently, the state of the art in ODBC for Access and Excel is the Microsoft Access Database Engine 2010 Redistributable which can be downloaded here. This includes the more popular OLEDB drivers which run well in PowerShell too.  These drivers enable you to access a range of data files via SQL as if they were a relational database.  Formats include Access, CSV,  delimited, DBase and Excel 

For developing on a general-purpose 64-bit desktop computer, you’re likely to hit a very silly Microsoft muddle. Microsoft  recommends that you install the 32-bit version of Office 2010, even on 64-bit machines,  since many of the common Office Add-ins did not run in the 64-bit Office environment. This advice has become baked-in ‘best practice’.  If you are using 64-bit PowerShell, as most of us are, then you need to use the 64-bit version of the drivers. If you  only have the 32-bit Office on your machine, then it will already have the 32-bit drivers, which won’t be visible to 64-bit PowerShell, and won’t work.  You can’t install the 64 bit drivers when you already have the 32-bit drivers and I don’t think you can get anything good to happen by uninstalling the 32-bit drivers. Nope. All three (or four if you include Visual Studio) must be 64 bit. I gather that one way out of this Catch 22 is  to first install the 64-bit Office 2010 ODBC/OleDB drivers and after that the (32-bit) Office, but there is a better fix that involves tweaking the registry.  See this for the full frustrating story.

The ODBC Excel driver in ACE works with the latest Excel spreadsheet format up to 2010 as well as the old ones. I suspect that the latest version will work with Office 2013, though I haven’t yet tried it.

This driver  is valuable because of the flexibility it gives. It actually executes ODBC SQL, which is a subset of SQL92,  so you can put in column aliases, change the column order,  and filter out rows that you don’t want to import. In effect, it presents you with a SQL tables which can be named ranges, if it is an existing worksheet that you’ve added named ranges to.

Select * from MyNamedRange

More commonly, you can specify with a delimited worksheet name followed by a range, the range being a specification of the area of the worksheet just sufficient to enable the driver to find the data you want. If you leave out the range spec entirely, the entire worksheet becomes the table.

Select * from [MyWorksheet$]

If, for example, you wanted the data in the range from C3 to L8, you’d use the statement

Select * from [MyWorksheet$C3:M8]

In ODBC, if you specified, say,  row 8 as the end of the table, you can only select rows up to row 8, even if you have inserted more rows beyond that limit, as ODBC allows. If you use some flavours, such as  the old  MDAC ‘JET’ database engine,  then you cannot add new rows beyond the defined limits of a range, otherwise you will get the Exception: "Cannot expand named range" message

If you wanted to define your table as being between the columns C and L, starting at row 3 you’d use

Select * from [NameOfExcelSheet$C3:M]

If you do this, then there is no limit to the length of the table so you can insert as many rows as you like.  The ODBC provider adds new rows to the existing rows in the defined area as space allows

The dreaded connection string

Now, before we start doing interesting things with the ACE drivers, I ought to explain a bit about their connection strings. These contain the specification of the ODBC driver you wish to use, and the settings that you wish to transmit to the driver.

Ignoring, for the time being, the extended property settings, For Microsoft Office Access data, set the Connection String to

«Driver={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb, *.accdb)};DBQ= MyPath/MyFile«

For Excel data, use

«Driver={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls, *.xlsx, *.xlsm, *.xlsb)};DBQ=MyPath/MyFile«

For dBASE data, use

«Driver={Microsoft Access dBASE Driver {*.dbf, *.ndx, *.mdx)};DBQ=MyPath/MyFile«

For text data, use

«Driver={Microsoft Access Text Driver {*.txt, *.csv);DBQ=MyPath«

But you’re likely to want some extended properties for the settings to add a few details about the way that the ODBC provider should tackle this particular connection. Because the defaults can be changed globally in the registry, it is rather better to specify these extended properties rather than to rely on the defaults.

These extended properties are only relevant for the driver that you’re using. They are not always reliable and are poorly documented by Microsoft. I’ll only mention the essentials.

The driver needs to know if the first row of the table holds the name of the column. “HDR=Yes;” indicates that the first row contains column names, not data. It will actually just use the first 64 characters of the header.   “HDR=No;” treats the first row as data, but then the columns are named F1  onwards and you’d want to  alias them in your SQL statements to give them meaningful column names.

The Excel ODBC doesn’t keep a detailed schema definition of the tables. (the Text and Access  drivers by contrast do)  The ODBC Excel  driver will try to make sense of the data it finds by testing it to see what datatype it can use for the result. It does so by testing a number of rows before doing the import, and you can specify how many rows it tests before deciding the data type of the column by using MaxScanRows in the extended properties.  By default the value of this is 8. You can specify any value from 1 – 16 for 1 to 16 rows. You can also make the value to 0 so that it searches all existing rows before deciding the data type, but this slows things down.

This is fine for a relational table but Excel often has mixed types in a column The ODBC Provider will try to return the data of the majority type, but return NULL values for the rest that won’t convert. If the two types are equally mixed in the column, the provider chooses numeric over text, and you lose all the text. Also, it will judge the length of the character datatype in the column from the first rows and if the first rows are less than 255 characters long it will truncate all the subsequent data to 255 characters even if cell values below are longer.

By setting the Import Mode (IMEX=1). You can force mixed data to be converted to text, but only when it finds mixed values on the rows that it checks.

You can also open the Excel workbook in read-only mode by specifying ReadOnly=true; By Default Readonly attribute is false, so you can modify data within your workbook. However, this will lock the entire workbook from access until you close the connection.

Let’s try it out.

Just so you can prove all this to yourself, I’ve supplied an Excel workbook that represents the old PUBS database that used to be distributed with SQL Server and Sybase. This means that you can use SQL from old examples that use PUBS and see what works. All you need to do is to convert the SQL Server version slightly by altering the names of the tables slightly to tell the driver that you want the entire worksheet of that name (the $ is the separator between the worksheet name and the range specification)

So let’s pop together a very simple test-rig to try things out in PowerShell. Be warned, I’ve set this up in read-write mode so it will update your spreadsheet in some circumstances (CUD). To play along, you’ll need to download my Excel version of the PUBS database and  alter the path to the excel file.

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set-psdebug -strict

$ErrorActionPreference = «stop»

$ExcelFilePath=‘MyPathpubs.xlsx’ #the full path of the excel workbook

if (!(Test-Path $ExcelFilePath))

{

Write-Error «Can’t find ‘$($ExcelFilePath)’. Sorry, can’t proceed because of this»

exit

}

try {

$Connection = New-Object system.data.odbc.odbcconnection

$Connection.ConnectionString = ‘Driver={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls, *.xlsx, *.xlsm, *.xlsb)};DBQ=’+$ExcelFilePath+‘; Extended Properties=»Mode=ReadWrite;ReadOnly=false; HDR=YES»‘

$Connection.Open()

}

catch

{

$ex = $_.Exception

Write-Error «whilst opening connection to $ExcelFilePath : Sorry, can’t proceed because of this»

exit

}

try {

$Query = New-Object system.data.odbc.odbccommand

$Query.Connection = $connection

$Query.CommandText = @’

SELECT title, SUM(qty) AS sales,

COUNT(*) AS orders

FROM [titles$] t

INNER JOIN [sales$] s ON t.title_id=s.title_id

WHERE title like ‘%?’

GROUP BY title

ORDER BY SUM(qty) DESC

‘@

$Reader = $Query.ExecuteReader([System.Data.CommandBehavior]::SequentialAccess) #get the datareader and just get the result in one gulp

}

catch

{

$ex = $_.Exception

Write-Error «whilst executing the query ‘$($Query.CommandText)’ $ex.Message Sorry, but we can’t proceed because of this!»

$Reader.Close()

$Connection.Close()

Exit;

}

Try

{

$Counter = $Reader.FieldCount #get it just once

$result=@() #initialise the empty array of rows

while ($Reader.Read()) {

$Tuple = New-Object -TypeName ‘System.Management.Automation.PSObject’

foreach ($i in (0..($Counter 1))) {

Add-Member `

-InputObject $Tuple `

-MemberType NoteProperty `

-Name $Reader.GetName($i) `

-Value $Reader.GetValue($i).ToString()

}

$Result+=$Tuple

}

$result | Format-Table

}

catch

{

$ex = $_.Exceptio

Write-Error «whilst reading the data from the datatable. $ex.Message»

}

$Reader.Close()

$Connection.Close()

All these work

Inner joins

SELECT logo, pr_info, pub_name, city, state, country

FROM [pub_info$] pif INNER JOIN [publishers$] p

ON p.pub_id=pif.pub_id

Left or right outer joins

SELECT  title, stor_id, ord_num, qty,ord_date

FROM [titles$] t LEFT OUTER JOIN  [sales$] s

ON t.title_id=s.title_id

Expressions using columns

SELECT  fname+‘ ‘+ minit+‘ ‘+lname AS name, job_desc

FROM [jobs$] d

INNER JOIN  [employee$] e

ON d.job_id=e.job_id

Simple GROUP BY expression

SELECT COUNT(*) FROM [sales$] GROUP BY stor_ID

More complex aggregation with ORDER BY clause and a WHERE clause

SELECT  title, SUM(qty) AS sales,

COUNT(*) AS orders

FROM [titles$] t

INNER JOIN  [sales$] s ON t.title_id=s.title_id

WHERE title like ‘%?’

GROUP BY title

ORDER BY SUM(qty) DESC

String functions

SELECT  title, left(notes,20)+‘…’ as [note] FROM [titles$]

UNION and UNION ALL

SELECT  au_fname FROM [authors$] UNION ALL SELECT lname FROM [employee$]

One could go on and on; even subqueries work, but I think I’ve made the point that there is far more power in this ODBC Excel driver than just the facility for pulling out raw data. The same is true of the TEXT driver for OLEDB. It will do all this as well. To conform with the minimum syntax for ODBC, a driver must be able to execute CREATE TABLE, DELETE FROM (searched), DROP TABLE, INSERT INTO, SELECT, SELECT DISTINCT, and UPDATE (searched). SELECT statements can have WHERE and ORDER BY clauses. ACE does a bit better than this, since even the text driver allows SELECT INTO, and SELECT statements allow GROUP BY and HAVING. 

Creating a spreadsheet

You can, of course use the ODBC driver to create an Excel spreadsheet and write data into it. Here is the simplest working demo I can write without blushing. Be careful to ensure that the spreadsheet doesn’t exist as the whole point of the demo is to prove to you that it can create an entire spreadsheet workbook with several worksheets.

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$ExcelFilePath=‘MyPathNew.xlsx’ #the full path of the excel workbook

$Header= $true # we want your first row to be column headers

try {

$Connection = New-Object system.data.odbc.odbcconnection

$TheConnectionString = ‘Driver={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls, *.xlsx, *.xlsm, *.xlsb)};DBQ=’+$ExcelFilePath+‘;Mode=ReadWrite;ReadOnly=false;Extended Properties=»HDR=’+«$(if ($Header){‘YES’}else{‘NO’})»+‘»‘

$Connection.ConnectionString=$TheConnectionString

$Connection.Open()

}

catch

{

$ex = $_.Exception

Write-Error «whilst opening connection to $ExcelFilePath using ‘$($TheConnectionString)’ : $ex.Message»

}

$Mycommand=$connection.CreateCommand()

$MyCommand.CommandText=«create table MyTable (MyColumn varchar, MyOtherColumn varchar)»

if ($Mycommand.ExecuteNonQuery() -eq -1)

{

$MyCommand.CommandText=«insert into MyTable (MyColumn, MyOtherColumn) select ‘myfirstRowCol’,’myFirstRowCol2′»

$rows=$Mycommand.ExecuteNonQuery()

«$rows rows inserted into worksheet MyTable»

}

$connection.Close()

Notice that I can’t create the table and do the insert in one batch as a command. One statement only can be used in the commandText.

Exploring your Excel metadata

You can find out what datatypes are available for any ODBC source, by using the OdbcConnection.GetSchema(string) method.

$Datatypes=$connection.GetSchema(‘DATATYPES’).TypeName

Which with my connection gives only the LOGICAL, CURRENCY, NUMBER, VARCHAR and DATETIME datatypes. More useful is..

$tables=$connection.GetSchema(‘TABLES’).Table_Name

 … that gives you a list of the available worksheets . The complete list, if you wish to peep at them, is

$connection.GetSchema(‘TABLES’)

$connection.GetSchema(‘DATATYPES’)

$connection.GetSchema(‘DataSourceInformation’)

$connection.GetSchema(‘Restrictions’)

$connection.GetSchema(‘ReservedWords’)

$connection.GetSchema(‘Columns’)

$connection.GetSchema(‘Indexes’)

$connection.GetSchema(‘Views’)

Hmm. This is beginning to look a bit more like a database. With the Columns MetadataCollection, you can find out as much as you’d ever want to know about the data that is available in the spreadsheet so if you want to read all the worksheets straight into SQL Server, this is a wide-open goal.

Creating Worksheets

Going back to the PUBS Excel database, let’s create a peoples table and populate it with both authors and salespeople. This has to be done in three gulps since the driver seems to dislike the idea of doing a batch, and it kicks when I try to UNION the two results.

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$ExcelFilePath=‘C:UsersAdministratorDocumentsPOSHScriptsPubs.xlsx’ #the full path of the excel workbook

$Header= $true # true if you want your first row to be read as column headers

if (!(Test-Path $ExcelFilePath))

{

Write-Error «Can’t find ‘$($ExcelFilePath)’.  Sorry, can’t proceed because of this»

exit

}

try {

$Connection = New-Object system.data.odbc.odbcconnection

$TheConnectionString = ‘Driver={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls, *.xlsx, *.xlsm, *.xlsb)};DBQ=’+$ExcelFilePath+‘;Mode=ReadWrite;ReadOnly=false;Extended Properties=»HDR=’+«$(if ($Header){‘YES’}else{‘NO’})»+‘»‘

$Connection.ConnectionString=$TheConnectionString

$Connection.Open()

}

catch

{

$ex = $_.Exception

Write-Error «whilst opening connection to  $ExcelFilePath using ‘$($TheConnectionString)’ : $ex.Message»

}

$Mycommand=$connection.CreateCommand()

$MyCommand.CommandText=

  CREATE TABLE people

    (Person varchar)

«@

if ($Mycommand.ExecuteNonQuery() -eq -1)

{$MyCommand.CommandText=

    INSERT into [people$](person)

       SELECT lname FROM [employee$]

«@

$rows=$Mycommand.ExecuteNonQuery()

$MyCommand.CommandText=

    INSERT into [people$](person)

       SELECT  au_fname FROM [authors$]

«@

$rows=$rows+$Mycommand.ExecuteNonQuery()

}

«$rows rows inserted into table»

$connection.Close()

You’ll find you can UPDATE, INSERT and DELETE data perfectly happily this way.  If you connect up a spreadsheet to a SQL Server database, then you can have a lot of fun copying entire databases into spreadsheets, and back again. Robyn and I show how to do this here.

The problem is in the Workbook you create. Whether you name it XLS or XSLX it produces an XLSX spreadsheet, in the latest zipped Office Open XML form.  The trouble is that, with my version of the driver,  I can only get  Excel to read it with the XLS filetype, since it says that there is an error if you try to open it as an .XLSX file. I suspect that the ODBC driver hasn’t been that well tested by Microsoft.

Getting data into SQL Server from Excel using PowerShell

Now, what about using PowerShell to copy the data, maybe filtered, sorted and aggregated, into SQL Server, using PowerShell and ODBC. In this direction we can save a lot of time by using the BCP library. We’ll now describe the routine.

We’ll keep this unpacked, as a script rather than a function, since this is designed to illustrate the process.

We’ll start by defining our credentials, preferences, sources and destinations. We’ll read in the data from and excel spreadsheet and then spit it out into SQL Server, creating a table if necessary. To create the destination table (some of these spreadsheets are rather wide and therefore easier to import automatically), we’ll need to examine the metadata, and to interpret this to the SQL Server equivalent, so we’ll do that. To use the BCP library, it is good to have an indication of progress so I’ll show how you do that.

I’ve provided the sample data so that you don’t have to scramble around to find something suitable. This is some climate data, which is handy for checking things like date conversion.

You will notice that although you can render numbers in a variety of ways, there is only one way of storing numbers in Excel, in the ‘NUMBER‘ datatype (the other datatypes in Excel are LOGICAL, CURRENCY, VARCHAR and DATETIME).  I’ve therefore had to specify the precision of numeric data, which is tough if you have some columns with integers and others with real decimal data with numbers after the decimal point (scale). Remember that this routine is just creating a staging table, not the final destination. All you need to do is to add your own statements to transfer the data to their final table with the CAST to the correct internal data type!

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set-psdebug -strict

$ErrorActionPreference = «stop»

$ExcelFilePath = ‘MyPathCambridgeWeatherData.xlsx’ #the full path of the excel workbook

$Worksheet = ‘cambridgedata’ #this is the actual worksheet where the data is

$DataRange = » #e.g. ‘A2:M33’  this is the range of the cells that make up the table. leave blank to read the whole worksheet

# leave out the second row number to read all rows from the column range

$Header = $true # true if you want your first row to be read as column headers

# If you aren’t reading columns they are labelled F1..n. You can easily specify them

#$ColumnNames=»’2011» as year,[F1] as Day’

$ColumnNames = ‘*’

#If you dont have fieldnames in the header of your worksheet, you can specify $Header= $false and use F1..Fn instead.

$DestinationTable = ‘CambridgeClimateData’ #the name of the SQL Server table where you want to put the data

$Destinationinstance = ‘MyInstance’ #the name of the server or instance

$Destinationdatabase = ‘MyDataBase’ #the name of the datatabase where you want to put the data

$DestinationWindowsSecurity = $true #or $False if you aren’t using Windows security

$DestinationUserID = » #the name of the SQL Server user if not integrated security

$DeleteContentsOfTableBeforeCopy = $false

$PrecisionForNumericData = 1

if (!(Test-Path $ExcelFilePath))

{

    Write-Error «Can’t find ‘$($ExcelFilePath)’.  Sorry, can’t proceed because of this»

    exit

}

try

{

    $Connection = New-Object system.data.odbc.odbcconnection

    $TheConnectionString = ‘Driver={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls, *.xlsx, *.xlsm, *.xlsb)};DBQ=’ + $ExcelFilePath + ‘; Extended Properties=»READONLY=TRUE; HDR=’ + «$(if ($Header) { ‘YES’ }

        else { ‘NO’ })» + ‘»‘

    $Connection.ConnectionString = $TheConnectionString

    $Connection.Open()

}

catch

{

    $ex = $_.Exception

    Write-Error «whilst opening connection to  $ExcelFilePath using ‘$($TheConnectionString)’ :  $($ex.Message). Sorry, can’t proceed because of this»

    exit

}

# get the types via $Connection.GetSchema(‘DataTypes’)|select TypeName, DataType,SQLType

try

{

    $Query = New-Object system.data.odbc.odbccommand

    $Query.Connection = $connection

    $Query.CommandText = ‘Select’ + $columnNames + ‘ from [‘ + $Worksheet + ‘$’ + $DataRange + ‘]’

    $Reader = $Query.ExecuteReader([System.Data.CommandBehavior]::SequentialAccess) #get the datareader and just get the result in one gulp

}

catch

{

    $ex = $_.Exception

    Write-Error «whilst making the query ‘$($Query.CommandText)’ $ex.Message Sorry, but we can’t proceed because of this!»

    Exit;

}

$columns = $reader.GetSchemaTable() | select columnName, datatype

if ($DeleteContentsOfTableBeforeCopy) { $deletionScript = «ELSE DELETE from $DestinationTable « }

else { $deletionScript = » }

$CreateScript =

IF NOT EXISTS

(select TABLE_NAME from information_schema.tables

    where TABLE_NAME like ‘$DestinationTable’)

CREATE TABLE $DestinationTable (

«@

$CreateScript += $columns | foreach-object{ $datatype = «$($_.dataType)»; «`n`t[$($_.columnName.Trim())]  $(switch ($dataType) { ‘double'{ «numeric(18,$PrecisionForNumericData)» } ‘boolean'{ ‘int’ } ‘decimal'{ ‘Money’ } ‘datetime'{ ‘DateTime’ }

            default { ‘NVARCHAR(MAX)’ } }),» }

$CreateScript = $CreateScript.Substring(0, $CreateScript.Length 1) + «`n`t)`n $deletionScript»

$DestinationConnectionString = «Data Source=$Destinationinstance;Initial Catalog=$Destinationdatabase;$(

    if ($DestinationWindowsSecurity) { ‘integrated security=true’ }

    else { ‘User Id=’ + $DestinationUserID + ‘;Password=’ + «$(((Get-Credential $DestinationUserID).GetNetworkCredential()).Password)» + ‘;integrated security=false’ }

try

{

    #test to see if the table is there. If it isn’t, then create it. If it is, then delete the contents

    $SqlCommand = new-object (‘Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand’) $CreateScript, $DestinationConnectionString;

    $SqlCommand.Connection.Open();

    $handler = [System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInfoMessageEventHandler] { param ($sender,

            $event) Write-Host «Message: $($event.Message)» };

    $SqlCommand.Connection.add_InfoMessage($handler);

    $success = $SqlCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();

    #now squirt the data in using the bulk copy library.

    $bulkCopy = new-object («Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy») $DestinationConnectionString

    $bulkCopy.DestinationTableName = $DestinationTable

    $bulkCopy.BatchSize = 5000 #The number of rows in each batch sent to the server

    $bulkcopy.NotifyAfter = 200 #The number of rows to copy before firing a notification

    $bulkCopy.BulkCopyTimeout = 0 #the number of seconds before a time-out

    $objectEvent = Register-ObjectEvent $bulkcopy SqlRowsCopied -Action { write-host «Copied $($eventArgs.RowsCopied) rows « }

    $bulkCopy.WriteToServer($reader) #copy all rows to the server

}

catch

{

    $ex = $_.Exception

    Write-Error «Whilst doing the bulk copy ‘$($Query.CommandText)’ $ex.Message Sorry, but we can’t proceed because of this!»

}

$Reader.Close()

$SqlCommand.Connection.Close()

$Connection.Close()

OK, but does it work with real data? Off to the Health and Social Care Information Centre for some realistic data in spreadsheet form. I’ve included some data just so you don’t have to go to the site to play along, but it is far better to use the latest version of this data from the site. I’m sure I don’t have to tell you how easy this is to do in a script via PowerShell.

$ExcelFilePath=‘MyPathhosp-epis-stat-admi-tot-ops-11-12-tab.xlsx’ #the full path of the excel workbook

$Worksheet=‘Total procedures’ #this is the actual worksheet where the data is

$DataRange=  ‘A16:J1509’  #e.g. ‘A2:M33’  this is the range of the cells that make up the table. leave blank to read the whole worksheet

Also

$DestinationTable=‘Hosp’ # or whatever you want. The name of the SQL Server table where you want to put the data

 …and

$PrecisionForNumericData=0

 Try it. Whoosh. In it goes. If you were doing this as a routine, you’d be wanting to wrap this script into a function with parameters by now, but you know how to do this already, I’m sure. I’m trying to give you the ‘workbench’ narrative here.

Writing to Excel from SQL Server.

The process of going from SQL Server to excel via ODBC is, I think, needlessly complicated, especially if you use parameterised queries (excellent for SQL Server but they add very little for writing to Excel).In this example, I’ll do the old and horrible approach of using insert statements. There are other ways, including even using a dataset, but this is the most obvious.

I’m not particularly happy with this sample because Excel whines a bit when it opens it, saying that it is in the wrong format, (which it is, but you try naming it XLSX) but it deigns to open it.

“The file you are trying to open, ‘MyExcelFile.xls’, is in a different format than specified by the file extension. Verify that the file is not corrupted and is from a trusted source before opening the file. Do you want to open the file now?”

More seriously, it complains that the numbers in the columns are ‘formatted as text’. It turns out that the data is saved in the correct format, but the next time the file is opened, all columns revert to varchar. Seasoned users of ODBC gets used to the bugs, but if anyone knows of a workaround to this, I’d be grateful.

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set-psdebug -strict

$ErrorActionPreference = «stop»

$Sourceinstance = ‘MyServerOrInstance’ #the name of the server or instance

$Sourcedatabase = ‘AdventureWorks’ #the name of the datatabase where you want to get the data

#here is where we put the SQL command to get the result from the database

$SelectStatementForDatabase =

SELECT ProductNumber, p.Name AS ProductName, color,  SafetyStockLevel, ReorderPoint, StandardCost, ListPrice,

NonDiscountSales = (OrderQty * UnitPrice), Discounts = ((OrderQty * UnitPrice) * UnitPriceDiscount)

FROM Production.Product AS p

INNER JOIN Sales.SalesOrderDetail AS sod

ON p.ProductID = sod.ProductID

where ((OrderQty * UnitPrice) * UnitPriceDiscount)>0

ORDER BY ProductName DESC;

«@

$SourceWindowsSecurity = $false #or $True if you are using Windows security

$SourceUserID = ‘SA’ #the name of the SQL Server user if not integrated security

$DestinationTable = ‘ProductWithDiscounts’

$DestinationExcelFilePath = ‘MyPathMyName.xls’ #the full path of the excel workbook

$DestinationHeader = $true # true if you want your first row to be read as column headers

#firstly, we create a connection string ‘on the fly’

#connect to the datanbase

#…and get the DataReader object

$SourceConnectionString = «Data Source=$Sourceinstance;Initial Catalog=$Sourcedatabase;$(

    if ($SourceWindowsSecurity) { ‘integrated security=true’ }

    else { ‘User Id=’ + $SourceUserID + ‘;Password=’ + «$(((Get-Credential $SourceUserID).GetNetworkCredential()).Password)» + ‘;integrated security=false’ })»

try

{

    #here we open a connection to the SQL Server source database

    $SqlCommand = new-object (‘Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand’)  $SelectStatementForDatabase, $SourceConnectionString;

    $SqlCommand.Connection.Open(); #we open the connection

    $handler = [System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInfoMessageEventHandler] {

        param ($sender,

            $event) Write-Host «Message: $($event.Message)»

    };

    $SqlCommand.Connection.add_InfoMessage($handler);

    $Reader = $SqlCommand.ExecuteReader([System.Data.CommandBehavior]::SequentialAccess) #get the datareader and just get the result in one gulp

}

catch

{

    $ex = $_.Exception

    Write-Error «whilst getting data from  $Sourceinstance  $Sourcedatabase ‘ : $ex.Message»

    exit

}

# excel has only the LOGICAL,CURRENCY,NUMBER,VARCHAR,DATETIME datatypes

# according to $connection.GetSchema(‘DATATYPES’).TypeName

# lets work out what the Excel datatype would be…

$columns = $reader.GetSchemaTable() | select columnName, datatype, @{

    name = ‘ExcelDatatype’; expression = {

        switch ($_.datatype)

        { { @(‘float’, ‘decimal’, ‘Numeric’) -contains $_ } { ‘Number’ } ‘bit’ { ‘logical’ } ‘int16’{ ‘Int’ } { @(‘smallmoney’, ‘money’) -contains $_ } { ‘currency’ } ‘DateTime’{ ‘datetime’ }

            default { ‘VarChar’ }

        }

    }

}

# now we need to create an equivalent worksheet in the Workbook.

#If there is no workbook, it will create it

$CreateScript =

CREATE TABLE $DestinationTable (

«@

$CreateScript += $columns | foreach-object{ «`n`t$($_.ColumnName.Trim())  $($_.ExcelDataType),» }

$CreateScript = $CreateScript.Substring(0, $CreateScript.Length 1) + «`n`t)»

# and make a columnlist for the insert statement.

$columnList = ‘[‘ + $columns[0].ColumnName + ‘]’

for ($ii = 1; $ii -le $columns.Length 1; $ii++) { $params += ‘,?’; $columnList += ‘ ,[‘ + $columns[$ii].ColumnName + ‘]’ }

try

{

    #to open the destination workbook or create it if not exist

    $Connection = New-Object system.data.odbc.odbcconnection

    $TheConnectionString = ‘Driver={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls, *.xlsx, *.xlsm, *.xlsb)};DBQ=’ + $DestinationExcelFilePath + ‘;Mode=ReadWrite;ReadOnly=false;Extended Properties=»HDR=’ + «$(if ($DestinationHeader) { ‘YES’ }

        else { ‘NO’ })» + ‘»‘

    $Connection.ConnectionString = $TheConnectionString

    $Connection.Open()

    $insertionCommand = $Connection.CreateCommand()

}

catch

{

    $ex = $_.Exception

    Write-Error «whilst opening connection to  $DestinationExcelFilePath using ‘$($TheConnectionString)’ : $ex.Message»

    exit

}

try

{

    #if the table doesn’t exist we create it.

    $CreateTableCommand = $Connection.CreateCommand()

    $CreateTableCommand.CommandText = $CreateScript

    if ($connection.GetSchema(‘TABLES’).Table_Name -notcontains $DestinationTable)

    { if ($CreateTableCommand.ExecuteNonQuery() -eq -1) { write-host «created table (worksheet) $DestinationTable» } }

}

catch

{

    $ex = $_.Exception

    Write-Error «couldn’t create table with command $CreateScript : $ex.Message»

    exit

}

$rows = 0

try

{

    #now we create each insert statement on the fly! Developers look away, please

    while ($Reader.Read())

    {

        $insertcommand = «INSERT INTO [$destinationTable» + ‘$] (‘ + «$columnList) VALUES(«

        for ($i = 0; $i -lt $Reader.FieldCount; $i++)

        {

            $insertcommand += «$(if ($i -eq 0) { » }

                else { ‘,’ }) $(if ($columns[$i].ExcelDataType -eq ‘VarChar’) { «‘$($reader.GetValue($i) -replace «‘«, «»«)'» }

                else { «$($reader.GetValue($i))» }) «

        }

        $insertioncommand.CommandText = $insertcommand + ‘)’

        $rows += $insertionCommand.ExecuteNonQuery()

    }

}

catch

{

    $ex = $_.Exception

    Write-Error «whilst writing to column $i of file  $DestinationExcelFilePath ‘ : $ex.Message»

}

#we report what we’ve done.

write-host «Wrote $rows rows of $($columns.count) columns to worksheet $destinationTable»

$Reader.Close()

$SqlCommand.Connection.Close()

$connection.Close()

CSV and Delimited ODBC Sources: Text AdventureWorks.

Although the ACE drivers are used more by people reading Excel files, I must emphasize that there are drivers for a number of other formats. It is pretty easy, for example, to turn a bunch of CSV files into a relational database. Just to prove it, I’ve created a CSV/Text version of AdventureWorks, together with its schema.ini. This was originally created in this article The TSQL of CSV: Comma-Delimited of Errors. With this text-based database, you can do a lot of the sample AdventureWorks SQL examples with only a minor modification.

Once you’ve installed the ACE drivers, you’ll can use a modified version of the routine I showed you or exploring the PUBS Excel database to play along.

All you have to do is to unzip Text Adventureworks into a new directory with the name of your database (AdventureWorks) and point your connection string at the directory by giving it the full path to the directory. I just altered two lines

#set the directory in which your database should go.  

$TextFilePath=‘MyPathToTheDirectoryTextAdventureWorks’ #the path to the database

… and

$Connection.ConnectionString=‘Driver={Microsoft Access Text Driver (*.txt, *.csv)};DBQ=’+$TextFilePath+»

Now you should be ready with your text-based relational database.

You can, of course, create tables and write to them using the INSERT statement.

create table [Log#csv] (MyInteger int,TheDate date TheMessage char(125))

…and do insert statements into it. You can SELECT INTO as well, which is new to me. I didn’t notice this in previous incarnations of this driver.

With CREATE statements, you can use ‘BIT, BYTE , LONGCHAR, CURRENCY, INTEGER, SMALLINT, REAL, FLOAT, CHAR or DATETIME

(Out of curiosity, the OLEDB driver allows  Long, Single, Double, Currency, DateTime , Bit, Byte, GUID, BigBinary, LongBinary, VarBinary, LongText, VarChar char and Decimal)

# You can list out the tables

$Connection.GetSchema(«tables»)|select table_name  

And the schema

$Connection.GetSchema(«columns»)|select tableName, ColumnName, cardinalPosition

 Here are a few of the SQL Statements that work

SELECT * into [gloves#csv]

FROM [Production_ProductModel#csv]

WHERE ProductModelID IN (3, 4)

 SELECT count(*) as [discounted]

 FROM [Production_Product#csv] AS p

 INNER JOIN [Sales_SalesOrderDetail#csv] AS sod

 ON p.ProductID = sod.ProductID

 where ((OrderQty * UnitPrice) * UnitPriceDiscount)>0

SELECT Name, ProductNumber, ListPrice AS Price

FROM [Production_Product#csv]

WHERE ProductLine = ‘R’

AND DaysToManufacture < 4

ORDER BY Name DESC

SELECT p1.ProductModelID

FROM [Production_Product#csv] AS p1

GROUP BY p1.ProductModelID

having p1.ProductModelID >100

SELECT p1.ProductModelID

FROM [Production_Product#csv] AS p1

GROUP BY p1.ProductModelID

HAVING MAX(p1.ListPrice) >= ALL

 (SELECT AVG(p2.ListPrice)

 FROM [Production_Product#csv] AS p2

 WHERE p1.ProductModelID = p2.ProductModelID)

SELECT top 50 SalesOrderID, SUM(LineTotal) AS SubTotal

FROM [Sales_SalesOrderDetail#csv]

GROUP BY SalesOrderID

ORDER BY SalesOrderID;

SELECT ProductModelID, Name

FROM [Production_ProductModel#csv]

WHERE ProductModelID IN (3, 4)

union all

SELECT ProductModelID, Name

FROM [Production_ProductModel#csv]

WHERE ProductModelID NOT IN (3, 4)

Conclusions

If only Microsoft put some energy into their whole range of ODBC drivers, including all the possible datastores that can be mapped to relational databases,  they’d be the obvious way of transferring data, and would put Microsoft in great shape for providing ‘big data’ solutions.. As it is, they are extraordinarily useful, but marred by  quirks and oddities.

For me, ODBC is the obvious way to  script  data from Excel or Access into SQL Server, for doing data imports.  

This ODBC Driver is provided by Microsoft.

Include «Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls, *.xlsx, *.xlsm, *.xlsb)» in the connection string to use this driver.

Description

This driver was first released with Office 2007. It is possible to use this driver to connect to old xls files as well. The driver is available in both 32 bit and 64 bit versions.

Download

This ODBC Driver, Microsoft Excel 2007 ODBC Driver, can be downloaded here.

Connection Strings

The Microsoft Excel 2007 ODBC Driver driver can be used to connect to the following data sources by using the following connection string references:

ExcelExcel 97Excel 2000Excel 2002Excel 2003Excel 2007Excel 2010Excel 2013

  • Remove From My Forums
  • Вопрос

  • I am trying to access a spreadsheet that is currently homed on a Server that doesn’t have excel installed on it…however it has an excel driver (Microsoft Excel Driver .xls). I am running Office 2013 on my computer that
    I am using to pull the spreadsheet onto. I need to find the correct driver to be able to open and make changes to the spreadsheet…Please help!

    • Перемещено

      6 ноября 2013 г. 6:16
      ODBC issue

Ответы

  • Hello,

    From your description, if I understand correctly, you want to know how to read excel file.

    For this, my suggestion is to use the OleDb, we just need to install the
    Microsoft Access Database Engine

    And for how to read excel file using OleDb, there is a sample for it:

    DataTable dt = new DataTable();
    
    
                OleDbConnection objOleDbCon = null;
    
                DataTable dtSheetName = new DataTable();
    
    
                string filePath = "E:\BMX\Lab\TestLab\WindowsFormsApplication1\ADONET\DataSource.xlsx";
    
    
                string fileExt = System.IO.Path.GetExtension(filePath);
    
                string fileName = System.IO.Path.GetFileName(filePath);
    
                OleDbCommand objOleDbCmd = new OleDbCommand();
    
                OleDbDataAdapter objOleDbDataAdapter = new OleDbDataAdapter();
    
                DataTable dtExcelData = new DataTable();
    
    
                string xConnStr = "";
    
    
                if (fileExt.ToLower() == ".xls")
    
                {
    
    
                    xConnStr = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + filePath + ";Extended Properties="Excel 8.0;HDR=Yes;IMEX=1"";
    
                }
    
                else if (fileExt.ToLower() == ".xlsx")
    
                {
    
                    xConnStr = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=" + filePath + ";Extended Properties="Excel 12.0;HDR=Yes;IMEX=1"";
    
                }
    
    
                objOleDbCon = new OleDbConnection(xConnStr);
    
                objOleDbCon.Open();
    
                try
    
                {
    
                    objOleDbCmd = new OleDbCommand("SELECT * FROM [" + "Course" + "$]", objOleDbCon);
    
                    objOleDbDataAdapter = new OleDbDataAdapter(objOleDbCmd);
    
                    objOleDbDataAdapter.Fill(dt);
    
    
                }
    
                catch (Exception ex)
    
                {
    
                    throw ex;
    
                }
    
                finally { objOleDbCon.Close(); }
    
    
                return dt;
    

    If I have misunderstood, please let me know.

    Regards.


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    • Помечено в качестве ответа
      Fred Bao
      14 ноября 2013 г. 9:48

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