Different word with same letters

This Bilingual Alphabet Poster uses the list of words below starting with the same letter in these five languages:

• English
• Español
• Français
• Português
• Italiano – Note: As a very nice user from Italy pointed out (grazie Maeve!): Certain letters are included that do not appear in the original / traditional / “purist” alphabet (J,K,W, X and Y). This is because with globalization and the importation of foreign words these words are now used by Italians. For example, ‘Jazz’ or ‘Kiwi’.

ENGLISH / ESPAÑOL / FRANÇAIS / PORTUGUÊS / ITALIANO

A

Animals / Animales / Animaux / Animais / Animali

B

Baby / Bebé / Bébé / Bebê / Bambino (suggested by Tatiana from USA)

C

Crocodile / Cocodrilo / Crocodile / Crocodilo / Coccodrillo

D

Dragon /Dragón / Dragon / Dragão / Drago

E

Elephant / Elefante / Éléphant / Elefante / Elefante

F

Flower / Flor / Fleur / Flor / Fiore (suggested by Mariangela from Italy)

G

Gorilla / Gorila / Gorille / Gorila / Gorilla (suggested by Christy from USA)

H

Hotel / Hotel / Hôtel / Hotel / Hotel

I

Iguana / Iguana / Iguane / Iguana / Iguana

J

Jazz / Jazz / Jazz / Jazz / Jazz

K

Kiwi / Kiwi / Kiwi / Kiwi / Kiwi (suggested by Mariangela from Italy)

L

Lion / León / Lion / Leão / Leone (suggested by Mariangela from Italy)

M

Music / Música / Musique / Música / Musica (suggested by Anna from Russia)

N

Nose / Nariz / Nez / Nariz / Naso (suggested by Mariangela from Italy)

O

Opera / Ópera / Opéra / Ópera / Opera

P

Pear / Pera / Poire / Pera / Pera

Q

Quesadilla / Quesadilla / Quesadilla / Quesadilla / Quesadilla

R

Rhinoceros / Rinoceronte / Rhinocéros / Rinoceronte / Rinoceronte (suggested by Christy from USA)

S

Salt / Sal / Sel / Sal / Sale

T

Tyrannosaurus Rex / Tiranosaurio Rex / Tyrannosaure Rex / Tiranossauro Rex / Tirannosauro Rex

U

Universe / Universo / Univers / Universo / Universo

V

Viking / Vikingo / Viking / Viking / Vichingo

W

Wifi / Wifi / Wifi / Wifi / Wifi (suggested by Nalleli from Mexico)

X

Xylophone /Xilófono / Xylophone / Xilofone / Xilofono

Y

Yogurt / Yogur / Yaourt / Yogurt / Yogurt

Z

Zig-zag / Zigzag / Zigzag / Ziguezague / Zigzag

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When I was a child, pretty much every children’s magazine I subscribed to used to publish those little word-chain games where you had to get from one word to another — often an antonym — by replacing one letter at a time. To simplify (or complicate) things a little, you were allowed to take only a certain number of steps. So, for example, you had to build a word chain from «cold» to «warm»:

c o l d
_ _ _ _
_ _ _ _
_ _ _ _
w a r m

and one possible solution would be:

c o l d
c o r d
w o r d
w a r d
w a r m

Now, I have two questions:

• What is the English term for a word that differs from another word by just a single
  letter, the length of both words being the same?
• What is the term for such a word if the length doesn’t matter? (Say, «band»-«brand», or «warm»-«war».)

In Russian, the answer to the first question is «метаграмма», which I would translate,
or rather transliterate, as «metagramm(e)» (obviously, of Greek origin). However, searching Wikipedia — or, in fact, the entire Web — for the term «metagramm(e)» doesn’t seem to return any meaningful results.

As to the second question, I can’t answer it in any language I am familiar with.

Can anyone offer any hints?

TEST
YOUR VOCABULARY 3

52. Anagrams

An anagram has
the same letters as another word, but in a different order. Sort out these
anagrams.

1	Change tied into something you do to lose weight.	___diet________
2	Change small into big shopping centres.	_______________
3	Change each into a word that means pain.	_______________
4	Change fade into a word that means you can’t hear.	_______________
5	Change rested into a very hot, dry place.	_______________
6	Change sport into places where ships stop.	_______________
7	Change grown into the opposite of right.	_______________
8	Change skis into something you do with your lips.	_______________
9	Change teach into something dishonest people do.	_______________
10	Change miles into a sign of happiness.	_______________
11	Change inch into a part of the face.	_______________
12	Change drawer into a kind of prize.	_______________
13	Change cars into a mark from a deep cut that doesn’t go away.	_______________
14	Change dusty into something students do.	_______________
15	Change safer into bad feelings.	_______________
16	Change boredom into a place where you sleep.	_______________

Answer key

This question isn’t really clear, but I’ll provide a solution that’s different from others I’ve seen:

You can also use list removeAll to compare common letters between two lists…

listA.removeAll(listB); //listA will contain any letters not common to listB
if (listA.size() == 0) {
    return true; 
}

Test output:

apppppppleeeeeeee <-- Input
[a, p, p, p, p, p, p, p, l, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e] //String split 1
[a, p, p, l, e] //String split 2
letters are the same

appleeeeeef <-- Input
[a, p, p, l, e, e, e, e, e, e, f]
[a, p, p, l, e]
contains different letters

---

Code:

public class Main {

    public Main () {
        Scanner scan;
        scan = new Scanner(System.in);
        String input = scan.nextLine(); 
        if(check(split(input), split("apple"))) {
            System.out.println("letters are the same");
        }
        else {
            System.out.println("contains different letters");
        }
    }

    public boolean check(ArrayList<String> listA, ArrayList<String> listB) {
        listA.removeAll(listB); //listA will contain any letters not common to listB
        if (listA.size() == 0) 
            return true;
        return false;
    }

    public ArrayList<String> split(String word) {
        String[] splitMe = word.split("(?!^)");
        ArrayList<String> splitList = new ArrayList<String>();
        for (int i = 0; i < splitMe.length; i++) {
            splitList.add(splitMe[i]);  
        }
        System.out.println(splitList);
        return splitList;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Main main = new Main();
    }
}