Definition of the word rough

Recent Examples on the Web

The new logo had a rough first 24 hours on the internet, where design professionals and everyday New Yorkers alike immediately started piling on criticism.


—Molly Enking, Smithsonian Magazine, 23 Mar. 2023




Ferry service was disrupted because conditions were too rough.


—Martha Mendoza, Anchorage Daily News, 22 Mar. 2023




But aside from being rough on your delicate strands, hitting the pillow with damp hair puts you at risk of developing skin infections, primarily on your scalp.


—Chloé Valentine Toscano, Allure, 22 Mar. 2023




The inflation of the Biden era has been rough on workers across the U.S. economy and that includes the employees of the New York Times.


—James Freeman, WSJ, 20 Mar. 2023




Even when the swell is small, the water here can be rough.


—Stacey Leasca, Travel + Leisure, 18 Mar. 2023




Despite the region’s rebound from COVID and reputation for resiliency, there are still questions about how rough the road will be ahead.


—David Lyons, Sun Sentinel, 17 Mar. 2023




Tony Bennett’s teams are typically disciplined and smart, so to lose because of an extremely dumb pass is rough.


—Lindsay Schnell, USA TODAY, 17 Mar. 2023




Some cast farther, some are more abrasion resistant, some are rough, and some are smooth.


—Jerry Audet, Field & Stream, 13 Mar. 2023

His own house in Fire Island Pines, built in 1961, was a single rectangle of about 600 square feet constructed from rough-cut cedar.


—Fred A. Bernstein, New York Times, 2 Nov. 2022




What is verifiably true is that, unlike the hulking, rough-faced cast iron we’re used to today, these elder vessels are almost unbearably wonderful, made from a thinner cast and consequently lighter weight, with surfaces that are satin smooth.


—Helen Rosner, The New Yorker, 21 Nov. 2021




Stroud contacted Willis shortly after a taxidermist rough-scored the incredible rack on that pleasant fall afternoon.


—Matt Williams, Dallas News, 2 Oct. 2021




Frank Jay Gould, Jay’s youngest son, become known for his love of both smooth- and rough-coated St. Bernard’s.


—Emily Leiker, USA TODAY, 11 June 2021




In another demonstration of the variability of perception, the authors showed that when placed next to an elderly woman or a child, pit bulls were labeled more positively, while showing them next to a rough-looking male hurt their credibility.


—Nathaniel Scharping, Discover Magazine, 23 Mar. 2016




Centineo plays Owen with a similar off-kilter, rough-around-the-edges appeal.


—Nojan Aminosharei, Men’s Health, 21 Dec. 2022




Corabi had the album’s rough-hewn artwork patterned after the essential Aerosmith concert album.


—Matt Wake | Mwake@al.com, al, 5 Oct. 2022




The top is asymmetric and rough-edged, not to mention rent down the center.


—Maile Pingel, WSJ, 28 Sep. 2022

The woman artist, so often brought in as much as trinket as talent, has been right there, a diamond in the sexist musical rough all along.


—Danyel Smith, New York Times, 8 Feb. 2023




The resulting finished stones range in size from 25.06 to 79.35 carats; in total, 67 diamonds came from the original rough.


—Paige Reddinger, Robb Report, 21 Aug. 2022




Smith went from the right rough on the opening hole to a back bunker and missed a 12-foot par putt.


—Dallas News, 7 Jan. 2022




Then, on the Las Colinas Course 14th hole, TFA’s No. 1 player, Mi Li, plugged her tee shot in the rough of the tough par 4.


—Steve Gorches, Orlando Sentinel, 12 Nov. 2022




Part of the cache cut from the Lesotho Legend, a 910-carat rough, the trio of stones is free of inclusions and exhibits remarkable brilliance.


—Tanya Dukes, ELLE Decor, 26 Sep. 2022




Marx’s drive landed beneath a tree in the right rough.


—San Diego Union-Tribune, 15 July 2022




Champ managed to chip out onto the primary rough, then scoot up the fairway.


—BostonGlobe.com, 26 July 2021




Champ managed to chip out onto the primary rough, then scoot up the fairway.


—BostonGlobe.com, 26 July 2021

Despite the isolated setting, guests don’t go there to rough it.


—John Wogan, Travel + Leisure, 5 Oct. 2020




For: Eco-conscious men looking for a thorough clean that won’t rough their skin up.


—Dallas News, 30 Nov. 2022




Has the fraternity gotten so chummy that one team or one player can’t rough up the feelings of another player, another team?


—Gordon Monson, The Salt Lake Tribune, 11 Dec. 2022




To start, Pinto recommends using a nail buffer to rough up the surface of the polish until the shine is completely gone.


—Sydney Wingfield, Glamour, 9 Dec. 2022




Instead, Lukashenko’s thuggish enforcers at GUBOPiK have a green light to rough up activists and target their families.


—Robyn Dixon, Washington Post, 13 Aug. 2022




Again, having been shut out of spring practice, this is our first chance to rough out some answers to those questions.


—Zach Osterman, The Indianapolis Star, 1 Aug. 2022




Hydro Flask Outdoor Kitchen Collection $20 – $75 THE PROMISE: Kitchenware that’s ready to rough it, but sleek enough for fancy backyard cookouts.


—Outside Online, 14 Aug. 2020




Last season, when the going to rough against the Bucks in the playoffs, the Heat wilted.


—Ira Winderman, Sun Sentinel, 27 Apr. 2022


See More

English[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

• ruff (colloquial)

Etymology[edit]

From Middle English rough, rogh, roȝe, row, rou, ru, ruȝ, ruh, from Old English rūg, rūh, from Proto-Germanic *rūhaz. Cognate with Scots ruch, rouch (“rough”), Saterland Frisian ruuch, rouch (“rough”), West Frisian rûch (“rough”), Low German ruuch (“rough”), Dutch ruig (“rough”), German rau(h) (“rough”).

Pronunciation[edit]

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA^(key): /ɹʌf/
• Rhymes: -ʌf
• Homophone: ruff

Adjective[edit]

rough (comparative rougher, superlative roughest)

1. Not smooth; uneven.

   • 1922 October 26, Virginia Woolf, chapter 1, in Jacob’s Room, Richmond, London: […] Leonard & Virginia Woolf at the Hogarth Press, →OCLC; republished London: The Hogarth Press, 1960, →OCLC:

     The rock was one of those tremendously solid brown, or rather black, rocks which emerge from the sand like something primitive. Rough with crinkled limpet shells and sparsely strewn with locks of dry seaweed, a small boy has to stretch his legs far apart, and indeed to feel rather heroic, before he gets to the top.

2. Approximate; hasty or careless; not finished.

   a rough estimate

   a rough sketch of a building

   a rough plan

3. Turbulent.

   rough sea

   • 1927, M[ohandas] K[aramchand] Gandhi, chapter XII, in Mahadev Desai, transl., The Story of My Experiments with Truth: Translated from the Original in Gujarati, volume I, Ahmedabad, Gujarat: Navajivan Press, →OCLC:

     With my mother’s permission and blessings, I set off exultantly for Bombay, leaving my wife with a baby of a few months. But on arrival there, friends told my brother that the Indian Ocean was rough in June and July, and as this was my first voyage, I should not be allowed to sail until November.

4. Difficult; trying.

   Being a teenager nowadays can be rough.

5. Crude; unrefined.

   His manners are a bit rough, but he means well.

6. Worn; shabby; weather-beaten.
7. Violent; not careful or subtle.

   This box has been through some rough handling.

8. Loud and hoarse; offensive to the ear; harsh; grating.

   a rough tone

   a rough voice
9. (of a gem) Not polished; uncut.

10. Harsh-tasting.

    rough wine

11. (chiefly UK, colloquial, slang) Somewhat ill; sick; in poor condition.
12. (chiefly UK, colloquial, slang) Unwell due to alcohol; hungover.

Antonyms[edit]

• smooth

Derived terms[edit]

Translations[edit]

Noun[edit]

rough (plural roughs)

1. The unmowed part of a golf course.
2. A rude fellow; a coarse bully; a rowdy.

   • 1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 124:

     In Wellington Street my brother met a couple of sturdy roughs, who had just rushed out of Fleet Street with still wet newspapers and staring placards. «Dreadful catastrophe!» they bawled one to the other down Wellington Street. «Fighting at Weybridge!»

3. (cricket) A scuffed and roughened area of the pitch, where the bowler’s feet fall, used as a target by spin bowlers because of its unpredictable bounce.
4. The raw material from which faceted or cabochon gems are created.
5. A quick sketch, similar to a thumbnail but larger and more detailed, used for artistic brainstorming.
6. (obsolete) Boisterous weather.

   • 1633, Phineas Fletcher, Eclog 1. Amyntas:

     In calms you fish; in roughs use songs and dances.

7. A piece inserted in a horseshoe to keep the animal from slipping.

Derived terms[edit]

Translations[edit]

Verb[edit]

rough (third-person singular simple present roughs, present participle roughing, simple past and past participle roughed)

1. To create in an approximate form.

   Rough in the shape first, then polish the details.

2. (ice hockey) To commit the offense of roughing, i.e. to punch another player.
3. To render rough; to roughen.
4. To break in (a horse, etc.), especially for military purposes.

   • 1802, Charles James, A New and Enlarged Military Dictionary:

     To Rough Horses, a word in familiar use among the dragoons to signify the act of breaking in horses, so as to adapt them to military purposes.

5. To endure primitive conditions.

   to rough it

   • 2013, Anne-Marie K. Kittiphanh, If Life Gave Me LEMONS, I Would Turn It into HONEY, →ISBN:

     I was able to help Trudy set up camp and everything else, of course there are different ways to camp the usual comfortable way or roughed we of course roughed it and I did my best to keep warm.

6. (transitive) To roughen a horse’s shoes to keep the animal from slipping.

Derived terms[edit]

Translations[edit]

Adverb[edit]

rough (comparative more rough, superlative most rough)

1. In a rough manner; rudely; roughly.

   • 1826, [Walter Scott], chapter IV, in Woodstock; Or, The Cavalier. […], volume II, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, →OCLC, page 93:

     I will warrant they prove such roaring boys as I knew when I served under Lumford and Goring, […] —sleeping rough on the trenches, and dying stubbornly in their boats. Ah! those merry days are gone.

Derived terms[edit]

• sleep rough

Yola[edit]

Noun[edit]

rough

1. Alternative form of rugh

References[edit]

• Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, page 65

See Also: Roubaix Roubiliac rouble roué Rouen Rouen lilac rougail rouge rouge et noir Rouget de Lisle rough rough bluegrass rough breathing rough cut rough diamond rough endoplasmic reticulum rough fish rough lemon rough puff pastry Rough Riders rough stuff Recent searches: View All

Go to Preferences page and choose from different actions for taps or mouse clicks. Inflections of ‘rough‘ (adj): rougher adj comparative roughest adj superlative WordReference Random House Learner’s Dictionary of American English © 2023 rough /rʌf/USA pronunciation   adj., -er, -est, n., adv., v.  adj. having a coarse or uneven surface; not smooth:rough, worn skin. steep or uneven and covered with high grass, etc.; wild:rough country. acting with or marked by violence:Hockey is a rough sport. lacking in gentleness, care, or consideration:rough handling. crude, rude, or lacking culture:a rough peasant. difficult or unpleasant:a rough year for consumers. dangerous because of violence or crime:He came from a rough neighborhood. not perfected; unpolished:a rough draft. approximate; not exact:a rough estimate. n. [uncountable] something rough, esp. ground. Sportpart of a golf course bordering the fairway, on which the grass, weeds, etc., are not trimmed:The ball landed in the rough. anything in its unfinished or early form, as a drawing:drawn in the rough. adv. in a rough manner; roughly:I’m warning you, that mob plays rough. v. rough up, to treat (someone) with physical violence: [~ + up + object]The muggers roughed up their victim.[~ + object + up]They always rough their victims up. to make or shape roughly or in outline: [~ + in + object]The designers roughed in the placement of the windows.[~ + out + object]She roughed out a few plans. Idioms Idioms rough it, [Informal.]to live without comforts or conveniences:roughed it in the bush for two years. rough•ness, n. [uncountable] WordReference Random House Unabridged Dictionary of American English © 2023 rough  (ruf ),USA pronunciation adj., -er, -est, n., adv., v.  adj. having a coarse or uneven surface, as from projections, irregularities, or breaks; not smooth:rough, red hands; a rough road. shaggy or coarse:a dog with a rough coat. (of an uninhabited region or large land area) steep or uneven and covered with high grass, brush, trees, stones, etc.:to hunt over rough country. acting with or characterized by violence:Boxing is a rough sport. characterized by unnecessary violence or infractions of the rules:It was a rough prize fight. violently disturbed or agitated; turbulent, as water or the air:a rough sea. having a violently irregular motion; uncomfortably or dangerously uneven:The plane had a rough flight in the storm. stormy or tempestuous, as wind or weather. sharp or harsh:a rough temper. unmannerly or rude:his rough and churlish manner; They exchanged rough words. disorderly or riotous:a rough mob. difficult or unpleasant:to have a rough time of it. harsh to the ear; grating or jarring, as sounds. harsh to the taste; sharp or astringent:a rough wine. coarse, as food. lacking culture or refinement:a rough, countrified manner. without refinements, luxuries, or ordinary comforts or conveniences:rough camping. requiring exertion or strength rather than intelligence or skill:rough manual labor. not elaborated, perfected, or corrected; unpolished, as language, verse, or style:a rough draft. made or done without any attempt at exactness, completeness, or thoroughness; approximate or tentative:a rough guess. crude, unwrought, nonprocessed, or unprepared:rough rice. Phoneticsuttered with aspiration; having the sound of h; aspirated. n. something that is rough, esp. rough ground. Sport[Golf.]any part of the course bordering the fairway on which the grass, weeds, etc., are not trimmed. the unpleasant or difficult part of anything. anything in its crude or preliminary form, as a drawing. British Terms[Chiefly Brit.]a rowdy; ruffian. in the rough, in a rough, crude, or unfinished state:The country has an exciting potential, but civilization there is still in the rough. adv. in a rough manner; roughly. v.t. to make rough; roughen. to give a beating to, manhandle, or subject to physical violence (often fol. by up):The mob roughed up the speaker. to subject to some rough, preliminary process of working or preparation (often fol. by down, off, or out):to rough off boards. to sketch roughly or in outline (often fol. by in or out):to rough out a diagram; to rough in the conversation of a novel. Sportto subject (a player on the opposing team) to unnecessary physical abuse, as in blocking or tackling:The team was penalized 15 yards for roughing the kicker. v.i. to become rough, as a surface. to behave roughly. rough it, to live without the customary comforts or conveniences; endure rugged conditions:We really roughed it on our fishing trip. bef. 1000; Middle English (adjective, adjectival and noun, nominal); Old English rūh (adjective, adjectival); cognate with Dutch ruig, German rauh rough′ly, adv.  rough′ness, n.  1.See corresponding entry in Unabridged irregular, jagged, bumpy, craggy. 2.See corresponding entry in Unabridged hairy, bristly. 13.See corresponding entry in Unabridged noisy, cacophonous, raucous. 16.See corresponding entry in Unabridged impolite, uncivil, unpolished, rude. 1.See corresponding entry in Unabridged smooth, even, regular. Collins Concise English Dictionary © HarperCollins Publishers:: rough /rʌf/ adj (of a surface) not smooth; uneven or irregular (of ground) covered with scrub, boulders, etc denoting or taking place on uncultivated ground: rough grazing, rough shooting shaggy or hairy turbulent; agitated: a rough sea (of the performance or motion of something) uneven; irregular: a rough engine (of behaviour or character) rude, coarse, ill mannered, inconsiderate, or violent harsh or sharp: rough words informal severe or unpleasant: a rough lesson (of work, a task, etc) requiring physical rather than mental effort informal ill or physically upset: he felt rough after an evening of heavy drinking unfair or unjust: rough luck harsh or grating to the ear without refinement, luxury, etc not polished or perfected in any detail; rudimentary; not elaborate: rough workmanship, rough justice not prepared or dressed: rough gemstones (of a guess, estimate, etc) approximate having the sound of h; aspirated rough on ⇒ informal chiefly Brit severe towards unfortunate for (a person) the rough side of one’s tongue ⇒ harsh words; a reprimand, rebuke, or verbal attack n rough ground a sketch or preliminary piece of artwork an unfinished or crude state (esp in the phrase in the rough) the rough ⇒ the part of the course bordering the fairways where the grass is untrimmed informal a rough or violent person; thug the unpleasant side of something (esp in the phrase take the rough with the smooth) adv in a rough manner; roughly sleep rough ⇒ to spend the night in the open; be without a home or without shelter vb (transitive) to make rough; roughen (tr; followed by out, in, etc) to prepare (a sketch, report, piece of work, etc) in preliminary form rough it ⇒ informal to live without the usual comforts or conveniences of life See also rough upEtymology: Old English rūh; related to Old Norse ruksa, Middle Dutch rūge, rūwe, German rauh ˈroughness n ‘rough‘ also found in these entries (note: many are not synonyms or translations):

Advertisements Advertisements Report an inappropriate ad. Become a WordReference Supporter to view the site ad-free.

Of course my rough drafts aren’t going to be as good as something I pick up off the shelf, that’s why they’re called _rough_. ❋ Unknown (2008)

She did not care for what she called my rough ways. ❋ Kate Emerson (2010)

Chambers served 15 years in prison for the 1986 killing of Jennifer Levin, a death he claims happened accidentally during what he called rough sex. ❋ Unknown (2007)

The prosecutor described in her opening statement that Joseph Smith had what she called rough sex with this little girl. ❋ Unknown (2005)

» The problem with Bermuda rough is the ball sinks in it, » said Jones. ❋ Unknown (1999)

After that’s done, it goes into what they call the rough-end of a machine room. ❋ Unknown (1994)

An officer would be passed through immediately, which did not please two enlisted men near me, just back from what they called rough work at the front. ❋ Unknown (1912)

He also wants to shine a spotlight on what he calls the rough treatment Manning received when he was locked up in a brig in Quantico, Va. ❋ Unknown (2011)

The president of the railroad’s management company, Elmer Salazar, says it’s encouraging that the business community is stepping up to help the train past what he called a rough spot. ❋ Unknown (2010)

But he also made no effort to dispute what he referred to as the rough calculation where ❋ Unknown (2010)

Throughout the pages of «Mount Pleasant,» released Thursday, Poizner sprinkles details about his guest stint at what he characterizes as a rough urban school starting in late 2002, two years after he sold his high-tech company for $1 billion. ❋ Unknown (2010)

Assuming that all of your video has been successfully digitized, and is resting comfortably in your hard drives and all of your software is functioning properly, the first thing that has to be done, is that you watch all of the material and do what they call a rough cut. ❋ Admin (2010)

During a news conference regarding the investigation’s findings, Dann admitted to having a romantic relationship with a member of his staff during what he called a rough time in his marriage. ❋ Unknown (2009)

The company — which is working on a similar park development near Asheville — offered what it described as a rough outline of how a deal could be structured in Matthews. ❋ Unknown (2009)

She [LOVES] [rough sex]. ❋ S (2004)

[Your mother] [likes] it rough. ❋ Whatsername99 (2008)

that [boy] is rough ❋ Cathie (2003)

— Woah did you just see that car that was rough— Did you see that girls hair mike, shes proper rough her.
— ([Referee] calls [offside]) «That was never offside, thats such a rough decision»
— (comes in crying) huh whats the matter Amy «He tried to get rough with me so I slapped him and [ran out]» ❋ Emzzy (2005)

Person 1: [What do you think] of her?
[Person 2]: She’s rough [as fuck]! ❋ Switch (2005)

[Simon] always [liked] [to pick] up a bit of rough after the party ❋ Attilla The Hump (2003)

Person 1: [Coach] put him [on the bench] for the rest of the season.
Person 2: [That’s rough]. ❋ Cheesie (2004)

«[Dude] [that shit] is rough [dank]» ❋ Tealeigh (2006)

[your mother] [likes] it rough ❋ Drefanzor (2008)

«[That film] was rough!!» ❋ LR (2005)

rough rʌf

1. неровная местность
2. `бурьян`, неровная часть поля (гольф)
3. нечто грубое на вид
4. нечто шероховатое, неровное
5. трудный, тяжелый период в жизни

   the rough(s) and the smooth(s) ― превратности судьбы, неудачи
   и удачи

   to take the rough with the smooth ― стойко переносить
   превратности судьбы; мужественно встречать невзгоды

6. неотделанность; незаконченность

   in the rough ― в незаконченном (в неотделанном, в сыром) виде

   a diamond in the rough ― неотшлифованный (неограненный) алмаз

   his plans are in the rough ― его планы разработаны вчерне;
   в беспорядке; в неопрятном виде; приблизительно

   in the rough it will cost… ― это будет стоить
   приблизительно…

7. необрушенный рис, падди
8. хулиган, буян

   a gang of roughs ― шайка хулиганов

9. шип (подковы)
10. неровный, шероховатый; шершавый

    rough road ― неровная (ухабистая) дорога

    rough paper ― шероховатая бумага

    rough skin ― шершавая кожа

    rough edges ― неровные обрезы (книги)

11. труднопроходимый (о местности и т. п.)

    rough ground (terrain) ― пересеченная местность

12. грубый

    rough food ― грубая пища

    rough hands ― мозолистые (жесткие) руки

    cloth that is rough to the touch ― сукно, грубое на ощупь

    rough grazing (pasture) ― с-х. пастбище с грубыми травами

    rough fibre ― с-х. мешочное (тарное) волокно

13. неотделанный; необработанный, неочищенный

    rough rise ― необрушенный рис, падди

    rough coal ― рядовой уголь

    rough leather ― невыделанная кожа

    rough logs ― лес. кругляк; неошкуренный, необработанный
    лесоматериал

    rough store ― склад сырых материалов (полуфабрикатов)

14. неотшлифованный

    rough diamond ― неотшлифованный алмаз; неотесанный мужлан с
    золотым сердцем; нестроганый (о доске)

15. черный (о болте)
16. неоштукатуренный (о кладке)

    rough wall ― стр. неоштукатуренная стена; бутовая стена

17. крупнозернистый (о материале)
18. лохматый, косматый

    rough hair ― нечесаные (всклокоченные) волосы

    rough sheep ― нестриженая овца

    a face rough with a two day’s beard ― физиономия, не бритая
    уже два дня

    a dog with a rough coat ― собака с лохматой шерстью

19. черновой

    rough draft ― эскиз, набросок

    rough copy ― черновик

    rough translation ― черновой перевод

    rough map ― кроки местности

20. приблизительный

    rough estimate ― приблизительная смета

    rough weight ― приблизительный вес

    a rough idea of smth. ― примерное представление о чем-л.

    a rough guess ― приблизительный подсчет (-ая оценка)

    rough laying ― воен. грубая наводка

    rough decontamination ― воен. частичная дезактивация

21. грубый; неотесанный, грубоватый; невежливый

    rough answer ― грубый ответ

    rough manners ― грубые манеры, неотесанность

    rough customer ― грубый человек, грубиян

    he has a rough tongue ― он не выбирает выражений

22. жесткий, резкий

    a rough temper ― жесткий характер

    to be rough on smb. ― отнестись к кому-л. без всякого
    снисхождения

    you are rough on him in saying so ― говоря так, вы его обижаете

23. сл. непристойный

    rough gesture ― похабный жест

    rough anecdote ― неприличный анекдот

24. шумливый, драчливый; буйный; хулиганствующий

    rough children ― распущенные дети, драчуны

    to cut up rough ― скандалить, безобразничать; хулиганить

    keep away from the rough quarter of the town ― обходите стороной
    этот бандитский район

25. бурный, бушующий (о море)

    rough sea ― бурное море

    we had a rough crossing to Dover ― до Дувра нас сильно качало

26. резкий, порывистый (о ветре)
27. суровый (о климате)
28. режущий слух, неприятный

    rough voice ― резкий голос

29. терпкий (о вине)
30. сильный, резкий; грубый

    rough blow ― сильный удар

    rough justice ― короткая расправа; произвол; самосуд

31. тяжелый, неквалифицированный, черный

    rough labour ― тяжелый физический труд

32. разг. трудный, горький, тяжелый

    rough luck ― горькая доля, неудача

    it is rough luck on him ― он не заслужил такой горькой участи

    to have a rough time ― терпеть лишения; терпеть плохое обращение

    to give smb. a rough time ― плохо обращаться с кем-л.

    the suitcase has had some rough handling ― этот чемодан
    видал виды

33. суровый, лишенный комфорта (о жизни)

    to lead a rough life away from civilization ― вести суровый
    образ жизни вдали от цивилизации

    we got rough accomodation at a small country inn ― мы устроились
    в деревенской гостинице без особых удобств

34. фон. произносимый с придыханием (о звуке)

    the rougher sex ― сильный пол, мужчины

    rough stuff ― ам. физическое насилие; грубое обращение,
    насилие; спорт. запрещенный прием; похабщина

    to take over a rough road ― ам. задавать нагоняй; ставить в
    тяжелое положение

    to give smb. a lick with the rough side of one’s tongue
    ― намылить кому-л. голову (шею), дать нагоняй кому-л.

35. грубо и пр.

    to live rough ― жить без удобств

    to treat smb. rough ― плохо (грубо) обращаться с кем-л.

    to lie (to sleep) rough ― спать ночью в одежде (особ. на
    открытом воздухе)

36. делать шероховатым, грубым
37. становиться шероховатым; грубеть
38. допускать грубость (в разговоре и в обращении)
39. допускать грубость по отношению к противнику (футбол)

    he was sent off the field by the referee for roughing ― он
    был удален с поля за грубость

40. ерошить, лохматить, всклокочивать (волосы и т. п.)
41. волновать; рябить

    a stiff breeze is roughing up the sea ― сильный ветер волнует
    море

42. волноваться, бурлить, бушевать (о море)
43. подковывать на шипы
44. австрал. объезжать (лошадь)

    to rough it ― обходиться без обычных удобств; терпеть лишения
    и неудобства

rough book rʌf buk

тетрадь для черновиков

rough in rʌf ɪn

1. набрасывать вчерне; делать (что-л.) вчерне

   he roughed in this plan for us ― он набросал для нас этот план

2. нанести, внести наспех

   I roughed in one or two figures to give some idea of a
   finished drawing ― я пририсовал несколько фигур, чтобы дать
   представление о том, каков будет рисунок в законченном виде

rough out rʌf aʊt

набрасывать вчерне; делать что-л. в общих чертах

to rough out an article ― набросать статью

a scheme has been roughed out ― вчерне план готов

I’ve roughed out some arrangements for the move tomorrow ― я
наметил приблизительный план подготовки к завтрашнему отъезду

they roughed their future out:
Ned was going into the army and Robert into the navy ― они в
общих чертах определили свое будущее — Нед пойдет в армию,
а Роберт на флот

rough up rʌf ʌp

1. производить первую настройку (фортепьяно)
2. ам. разг. грубо обращаться; избивать

   he was roughed up and pushed into the street ― его избили и
   выбросили на улицу

   to rough smb. up the wrong way ― гладить кого-л. против шерсти,
   раздражать кого-л.

rough-and-ready ˈrʌfəndˈredɪ

1. сделанный кое-как, на скорую руку, наспех

   rough-and-ready estimate ― грубый подсчет

   to do smth. in a rough-and-ready manner ― делать что-л. на
   скорую руку (кое-как, посредственно)

2. действующий грубо, но энергично, оперативный

   rough-and-ready methods ― грубые, но эффективные методы (приемы)

3. грубоватый, бесцеремонный, не соблюдающий (обще)принятых
   норм

4. спец. приближенный (о методе)

rough-and-tumble ˈrʌfəndˈtʌmbl

1. драка, свалка; борьба не по правилам
2. суматоха, неразбериха
3. беспорядочный, смешанный

   rough-and-tumble life ― беспокойная (беспорядочная) жизнь

4. применяющий неправильные приемы борьбы (бокс)
5. наскоро и грубо сделанный, импровизированный

rough-dry ˈrʌfdraɪ

1. высушенный без глаженья (о белье)

   a pile of rough-dry clothes ― груда сухого невыглаженного белья

2. сушить без глаженья (белье)

rough-footed rʌf — fʊtɪd

1. зоол. мохноногий
2. ист. в сапогах из невыделанной кожи

rough-grind rʌf — ɡraɪnd

тех. шлифовать начерно, обдирать на шлифовальном круге

rough-hew ˈrʌfˈhju:

1. грубо обтесывать, высекать
2. делать вчерне (что-л.)

rough-hewn rʌf — hju:n

1. грубо обтесанный, высеченный
2. грубый; неотесанный, некультурный

rough-house ˈrʌfhaus

1. разг. скандал, доходящий до драки, шум
2. разг. шумное неорганизованное собрание
3. разг. обращаться грубо и насмешливо (с кем-л.)
4. разг. хулиганить, скандалить, буянить

rough-legged

зоол. мохноногий

rough-spoken ˈrʌfˈspəukən

грубый, выражающийся грубо

rough-spun rʌf — spʌn

шотл. с грубыми манерами, «неотшлифованный»

roughage ˈrʌfɪdʒ

1. ам. грубые корма

   roughage crop ― с-х. кормовая культура

2. грубая пища (особ. отруби и крупы)

   roughage stimulates bowel movement ― грубая пища способствует
   пищеварению

roughcast ˈrʌfkɑ:st

1. галечная штукатурка
2. грубо оштукатуренный
3. разработанный вчерне (о плане и т. п.)
4. штукатурить с добавкой каменной крошки
5. набрасывать, намечать (план и т. п.)

roughen ˈrʌfn

1. делать грубым, шероховатым и т. п.
2. грубеть, делаться грубым, шероховатым и т. п.

   her hands had roughened ― ее руки огрубели

3. бушевать, становиться бурным, беспокойным (о море)
4. подковывать лошадь на шипы
5. раздражать, выводить из себя

rougher

1. человек на подготовительных операциях
2. машина для первичной обработки
3. разг. берейтор
4. разг. объездчик лошадей
5. разг. опытный наездник

roughing ˈrʌfɪŋ

1. черновая обработка
2. тяжелая жизнь, полная лишений

roughings

диал. ам. второй рост трав; второй укос; отава

roughish

грубоватый

roughly ˈrʌflɪ

1. грубо; небрежно

   roughly painted ― грубо раскрашенный

2. невежливо

   to treat smb. roughly ― обращаться грубо с кем-л.

3. приблизительно

   roughly speaking ― примерно

   roughly 20 per cent ― приблизительно 20 процентов

   to estimate smth. roughly ― оценивать что-л. приблизительно

roughneck ˈrʌfnek

1. разг. мужлан; хулиган, безобразник
2. разг. ам. подсобный рабочий на нефтепромысле

грубый, шероховатый, грубо, неровность, грубиян, терпеть лишения

прилагательное ↓

наречие

- грубо (в различных смыслах сообразно значению прилагательного)
- полигр. первая корректура
- разг.; = roughrider

существительное ↓

глагол ↓

Словосочетания

people living rough on the streets — люди, живущие на улицах под открытым небом  
the rough skin of a shark — шероховатая кожа акулы  
a rough idea how long it would take — примерное представление о том, сколько времени это займёт  
rough breathing — сильное придыхание  
rough / uncut diamond — неотшлифованный алмаз  
engine is running rough — двигатель работает жёстко  
engine runs rough — двигатель работает неустойчиво  
an approximate, rough estimate — грубая оценка  
rough texture to the feel — грубая на ощупь ткань  
rough going — трудности, затруднения  
rough grain — грубое волокно  
to live rough — жить без привычных удобств, скитаться по углам  

Примеры с переводом

Примеры, ожидающие перевода

Фразовые глаголы

Возможные однокоренные слова

roughage  — грубые корма, грубая пища, высушенный
roughen  — грубеть, делать грубым, делаться грубым, делать шероховатым
roughly  — грубо, приблизительно, бурно, резко, неровно, небрежно, начерно, невежливо
roughness  — шероховатость, грубость, неровность, шершавость, терпкость, резкость, грубоватость
rougher  — человек на подготовительных операциях, более тяжелый
roughing  — черновая обработка, обдирка, черновой, обрабатывать начерно
roughish  — грубоватый

Формы слова

verb
I/you/we/they: rough
he/she/it: roughs
ing ф. (present participle): roughing
2-я ф. (past tense): roughed
3-я ф. (past participle): roughed

noun
ед. ч.(singular): rough
мн. ч.(plural): roughs

adjective
срав. степ. (comparative): rougher
прев. степ. (superlative): roughest