From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The structure of a DNA molecule is essential to its function.
A structure is an arrangement and organization of interrelated elements in a material object or system, or the object or system so organized.[1] Material structures include man-made objects such as buildings and machines and natural objects such as biological organisms, minerals and chemicals. Abstract structures include data structures in computer science and musical form. Types of structure include a hierarchy (a cascade of one-to-many relationships), a network featuring many-to-many links, or a lattice featuring connections between components that are neighbors in space.
Load-bearing[edit]
A traditional Sami food storage structure
Gothic quadripartite cross-ribbed vaults of the Saint-Séverin church in Paris
Buildings, aircraft, skeletons, anthills, beaver dams, bridges and salt domes are all examples of load-bearing structures. The results of construction are divided into buildings and non-building structures, and make up the infrastructure of a human society. Built structures are broadly divided by their varying design approaches and standards, into categories including building structures, architectural structures, civil engineering structures and mechanical structures.
The effects of loads on physical structures are determined through structural analysis, which is one of the tasks of structural engineering. The structural elements can be classified as one-dimensional (ropes, struts, beams, arches), two-dimensional (membranes, plates, slab, shells, vaults), or three-dimensional (solid masses).[2]: 2 Three-dimensional elements were the main option available to early structures such as Chichen Itza. A one-dimensional element has one dimension much larger than the other two, so the other dimensions can be neglected in calculations; however, the ratio of the smaller dimensions and the composition can determine the flexural and compressive stiffness of the element. Two-dimensional elements with a thin third dimension have little of either but can resist biaxial traction.[2]: 2–3
The structure elements are combined in structural systems. The majority of everyday load-bearing structures are section-active structures like frames, which are primarily composed of one-dimensional (bending) structures. Other types are Vector-active structures such as trusses, surface-active structures such as shells and folded plates, form-active structures such as cable or membrane structures, and hybrid structures.[3]: 134–136
Load-bearing biological structures such as bones, teeth, shells, and tendons derive their strength from a multilevel hierarchy of structures employing biominerals and proteins, at the bottom of which are collagen fibrils.[4]
Biological[edit]
In biology, one of the properties of life is its highly ordered structure,[5] which can be observed at multiple levels such as in cells, tissues, organs, and organisms.
In another context, structure can also observed in macromolecules, particularly proteins and nucleic acids.[6] The function of these molecules is determined by their shape as well as their composition, and their structure has multiple levels. Protein structure has a four-level hierarchy. The primary structure is the sequence of amino acids that make it up. It has a peptide backbone made up of a repeated sequence of a nitrogen and two carbon atoms. The secondary structure consists of repeated patterns determined by hydrogen bonding. The two basic types are the α-helix and the β-pleated sheet. The tertiary structure is a back and forth bending of the polypeptide chain, and the quaternary structure is the way that tertiary units come together and interact.[7] Structural biology is concerned with biomolecular structure of macromolecules.[6]
Chemical[edit]
Chemical structure refers to both molecular geometry and electronic structure. The structure can be represented by a variety of diagrams called structural formulas. Lewis structures use a dot notation to represent the valence electrons for an atom; these are the electrons that determine the role of the atom in chemical reactions.[8]: 71–72 Bonds between atoms can be represented by lines with one line for each pair of electrons that is shared. In a simplified version of such a diagram, called a skeletal formula, only carbon-carbon bonds and functional groups are shown.[9]
Atoms in a crystal have a structure that involves repetition of a basic unit called a unit cell. The atoms can be modeled as points on a lattice, and one can explore the effect of symmetry operations that include rotations about a point, reflections about a symmetry planes, and translations (movements of all the points by the same amount). Each crystal has a finite group, called the space group, of such operations that map it onto itself; there are 230 possible space groups.[10]: 125–126 By Neumann’s law, the symmetry of a crystal determines what physical properties, including piezoelectricity and ferromagnetism, the crystal can have.[11]: 34–36, 91–92, 168–169
Mathematical[edit]
Musical[edit]
A large part of numerical analysis involves identifying and interpreting the structure of musical works. Structure can be found at the level of part of a work, the entire work, or a group of works.[12] Elements of music such as pitch, duration and timbre combine into small elements like motifs and phrases, and these in turn combine in larger structures. Not all music (for example, that of John Cage) has a hierarchical organization, but hierarchy makes it easier for a listener to understand and remember the music.[13]: 80
In analogy to linguistic terminology, motifs and phrases can be combined to make complete musical ideas such as sentences and phrases.[14][15] A larger form is known as the period. One such form that was widely used between 1600 and 1900 has two phrases, an antecedent and a consequent, with a half cadence in the middle and a full cadence at the end providing punctuation.[16]: 38–39 On a larger scale are single-movement forms such as the sonata form and the contrapuntal form, and multi-movement forms such as the symphony.[13]
[edit]
A social structure is a pattern of relationships. They are social organizations of individuals in various life situations. Structures are applicable to people in how a society is as a system organized by a characteristic pattern of relationships. This is known as the social organization of the group.[17]: 3 Sociologists have studied the changing structure of these groups. Structure and agency are two confronted theories about human behaviour. The debate surrounding the influence of structure and agency on human thought is one of the central issues in sociology. In this context, agency refers to the individual human capacity to act independently and make free choices. Structure here refers to factors such as social class, religion, gender, ethnicity, customs, etc. that seem to limit or influence individual opportunities.
Data[edit]
In a singly linked list, each element has a data value and a pointer to the next element.
In computer science, a data structure is a way of organizing information in a computer so that it can be used efficiently.[18] Data structures are built out of two basic types: An array has an index that can be used for immediate access to any data item (some programming languages require array size to be initialized). A linked list can be reorganized, grown or shrunk, but its elements must be accessed with a pointer that links them together in a particular order.[19]: 156 Out of these any number of other data structures can be created such as stacks, queues, trees and hash tables.[20][21]
In solving a problem, a data structure is generally an integral part of the algorithm.[22]: 5 In modern programming style, algorithms and data structures are encapsulated together in an abstract data type.[22]: ix
Software[edit]
Software architecture is the specific choices made between possible alternatives within a framework. For example, a framework might require a database and the architecture would specify the type and manufacturer of the database. The structure of software is the way in which it is partitioned into interrelated components. A key structural issue is minimizing dependencies between these components. This makes it possible to change one component without requiring changes in others.[23]: 3 The purpose of structure is to optimise for (brevity, readability, traceability, isolation and encapsulation, maintainability, extensibility, performance and efficiency), examples being: language choice, code, functions, libraries, builds, system evolution, or diagrams for flow logic and design.[24] Structural elements reflect the requirements of the application: for example, if the system requires a high fault tolerance, then a redundant structure is needed so that if a component fails it has backups.[25] A high redundancy is an essential part of the design of several systems in the Space Shuttle.[26]
Logical[edit]
As a branch of philosophy, logic is concerned with distinguishing good arguments from poor ones. A chief concern is with the structure of arguments.[27] An argument consists of one or more premises from which a conclusion is inferred.[28] The steps in this inference can be expressed in a formal way and their structure analyzed. Two basic types of inference are deduction and induction. In a valid deduction, the conclusion necessarily follows from the premises, regardless of whether they are true or not. An invalid deduction contains some error in the analysis. An inductive argument claims that if the premises are true, the conclusion is likely.[28]
See also[edit]
- Abstract structure
- Mathematical structure
- Structural geology
- Structure (mathematical logic)
- Structuralism (philosophy of science)
References[edit]
- ^ «structure, n.». Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Retrieved 1 October 2015.
- ^ a b Carpinteri, Alberto (2002). Structural Mechanics: A unified approach. CRC Press. ISBN 9780203474952.
- ^ Knippers, Jan; Cremers, Jan; Gabler, Markus; Lienhard, Julian (2011). Construction manual for polymers + membranes : materials, semi-finished products, form-finding design (Engl. transl. of the 1. German ed.). München: Institut für internationale Architektur-Dokumentation. ISBN 9783034614702.
- ^ Zhang, Z.; Zhang, Y.-W.; Gao, H. (1 September 2010). «On optimal hierarchy of load-bearing biological materials». Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 278 (1705): 519–525. doi:10.1098/rspb.2010.1093. PMC 3025673. PMID 20810437.
- ^ a b Urry, Lisa; Cain, Michael; Wasserman, Steven; Minorsky, Peter; Reece, Jane (2017). «Evolution, the themes of biology, and scientific inquiry». Campbell Biology (11th ed.). New York: Pearson. pp. 2–26. ISBN 978-0134093413.
- ^ a b Banaszak, Leonard J. (2000). Foundations of Structural Biology. Burlington: Elsevier. ISBN 9780080521848.
- ^ Purves, William K.; Sadava, David E.; Orians, Gordon H.; H. Craig, Heller (2003). Life, the science of biology (7th ed.). Sunderland, Mass.: Sinauer Associates. pp. 41–44. ISBN 9780716798569.
- ^ DeKock, Roger L.; Gray, Harry B. (1989). Chemical structure and bonding (2nd ed.). Mill Valley, Calif.: University Science Books. ISBN 9780935702613.
- ^ Hill, Graham C.; Holman, John S. (2000). Chemistry in context (5th ed.). Walton-on-Thames: Nelson. p. 391. ISBN 9780174482765.
- ^ Ashcroft, Neil W.; Mermin, N. David (1977). Solid state physics (27. repr. ed.). New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. ISBN 9780030839931.
- ^ Newnham, Robert E. (2005). Properties of materials anisotropy, symmetry, structure. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780191523403.
- ^ Bent, Ian D.; Pople, Anthony. «Analysis». Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press. Retrieved October 5, 2015.
- ^ a b Meyer, Leonard B. (1973). Explaining music : essays and explorations. Berkeley: Univ. of California Press. ISBN 9780520022164.
- ^ «Sentence». Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press. Retrieved October 5, 2015.
- ^ «Phrase». Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press. Retrieved October 5, 2015.
- ^ Stein, Leon (1979). Anthology of Musical Forms: Structure & Style (Expanded Edition): The Study and Analysis of Musical Forms. Alfred Music. ISBN 9781457400940.
- ^ Lopez, J.; Scott, J. (2000). Social Structure. Buckingham and Philadelphia: Open University Press. ISBN 9780335204960. OCLC 43708597.
- ^ Black, Paul E. (15 December 2004). «data structure». In Pieterse, Vreda; Black, Paul E. (eds.). Dictionary of Algorithms and Data Structures (Online ed.). National Institute of Standards and Technology. Retrieved 1 October 2015.
- ^ Sedgewick, Robert; Wayne, Kevin (2011). Algorithms (4th ed.). Addison-Wesley Professional. ISBN 9780132762564.
- ^ Cormen, Thomas H.; Leiserson, Charles E.; Rivest, Ronald L.; Stein, Clifford (2009). «Data structures». Introduction to algorithms (3rd ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. pp. 229–339. ISBN 978-0262033848.
- ^ Mehta, Dinesh P. (2005). «Basic structures». In Mehta, Dinesh P.; Sahni, Sartaj (eds.). Handbook of data structures and applications. Boca Raton, Fla.: Chapman & Hall/CRC Computer and Information Science Series. ISBN 9781420035179.
- ^ a b Skiena, Steven S. (2008). «Data structures». The algorithm design manual (2nd ed.). London: Springer. pp. 366–392. ISBN 9781848000704.
- ^ Gorton, Ian (2011). Essential software architecture (2nd ed.). Berlin: Springer. ISBN 9783642191763.
- ^ Diehl, Stephan (2007). Software visualization : visualizing the structure, behaviour, and evolution of software ; with 5 tables. Berlin: Springer. pp. 38–47. ISBN 978-3540465041.
- ^ Bernardi, Simona; Merseguer, José; Petriu, Dorina Corina (2013). Model-Driven Dependability Assessment of Software Systems. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 46–47. ISBN 9783642395123.
- ^ «Computers in the Space Shuttle Avionics System». Computers in Spaceflight: The NASA Experience. Retrieved 2 October 2015.
- ^ «The Structure of Arguments». Philosophy 103: Introduction to Logic. philosophy.lander.edu. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
- ^ a b Kemerling, Garth. «Arguments and Inference». The Philosophy Pages. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
Further reading[edit]
- Carpi, A.; Brebbia, C.A. (2010). Design & nature V : comparing design in nature with science and engineering. Southampton: WIT. ISBN 9781845644543.
- Pullan, Wendy (2000). Structure. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-78258-9.
- Rottenberg, Annette T.; Winchell, Donna Haisty (2012). The structure of argument (7th ed.). Boston: Bedford/St. Martins. ISBN 9780312650698.
- Schlesinger, Izchak M.; Keren-Portnoy, Tamar; Parush, Tamar (2001). The structure of arguments. Amsterdam: J. Benjamins. ISBN 9789027223593.
External links[edit]
- Wüthrich, Christian. «Structure in philosophy, mathematics and physics (Phil 246, Spring 2010)» (PDF). University of California San Diego. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 1 October 2015. (syllabus and reading list)
a large structure at an airport where aircraft can be stored and maintained
a raised structure on which gifts or sacrifices to a god are made
a structure composed of a series of arches supported by columns
(architecture) a masonry construction (usually curved) for spanning an opening and supporting the weight above it
a part of a structure having some specific characteristic or function
a platform projecting from the wall of a building and surrounded by a balustrade or railing or parapet
an upper floor projecting from the rear over the main floor in an auditorium
a structure or device in which one end is counterbalanced by the other (on the principle of the seesaw)
a structure of boards
the external structure of a vehicle
a structure that allows people or vehicles to cross an obstacle such as a river or canal or railway etc.
a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place
a whole structure (as a building) made up of interconnected or related structures
a structure in which water is collected (especially a natural drainage area)
a structure consisting of something wound in a continuous series of loops
structure consisting of a row of evenly spaced columns
a vertical cylindrical structure standing alone and not supporting anything (such as a monument)
(architecture) solid exterior angle of a building; especially one formed by a cornerstone
a wooden structure consisting of an upright post with a transverse piece
any structure that is very unsafe; where people are likely to be killed
a structure used to defend against attack
a structure where people live or work (usually ordered along a street or road)
(architecture) the structure consisting of the part of a classical temple above the columns between a capital and the roof
a structure that has been erected
a public or private structure (business or governmental or educational) including buildings and equipment for business or residence
a horizontal structure that partitions a ship or box (especially one built close to the actual bottom)
a structure consisting of a room or set of rooms at a single position along a vertical scale
a structure from which an artificially produced jet of water arises
a structure or marking that serves to direct the motion or positioning of something
an unstable construction with playing cards
structures collectively in which people are housed
the frame or body of a ship
a structure of vertical and horizontal rods where children can climb and play
a layered structure
structure providing a place where boats can land people or goods
a structure commanding a wide view of its surroundings
structure built of stone or brick by a mason
a structure erected to commemorate persons or events
structure consisting of an artificial heap or bank usually of earth or stones
any structure that makes progress difficult
a vertical structure that divides or separates (as a wall divides one room from another)
any military structure or vehicle bearing weapons
a structure attached to the exterior of a building often forming a covered entrance
a structure consisting of vertical beams (posts) supporting a horizontal beam (lintel)
a prefabricated structure
any structure that branches out from a central support
structures (such as highways or schools or bridges or docks) constructed at government expense for public use
any structure that resembles a sail
structure where a wall or building narrows abruptly
a structure that provides privacy and protection from danger
a structure resembling a shoebox (as a rectangular building or a cramped room or compartment)
structure displaying a board on which advertisements can be posted
a large structure for open-air sports or entertainments
structure consisting of the part of a ship above the main deck
a structure that serves to support something
a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building
structure forming the transverse part of a cruciform church; crosses the nave at right angles
a supporting structure composed of a system of connected trestles; for a bridge or pier or scaffold e.g.
(architecture) a vaulted structure
structure consisting of a sloping way down to the water from the place where ships are built or repaired
a structure built over a well
a structure resembling a tunnel where air is blown at known velocities for testing parts of aircraft
a structure of small hexagonal cells constructed from beeswax by bees and used to store honey and larvae
equality of distribution
a building where animals are butchered
an arch supported by an abutment
a learned establishment for the advancement of knowledge
part of a church divided laterally from the nave proper by rows of pillars or columns
an oval large stadium with tiers of seats; an arena in which contests and spectacles are held
a suite of rooms usually on one floor of an apartment house
a building that is divided into apartments
an architectural product or work
any projection that is thought to resemble a human arm
the area of a theater or concert hall where the audience sits
a building where birds are kept
a porch for the back door
an area in an airport where arriving passengers can collect the luggage that has been carried in the hold of the aircraft
a temporary bridge designed for rapid construction
a facility in which ball games are played (especially baseball games)
an obstruction (usually metal) placed at the top of a goal
(formerly) a mound of earth inside a fort from which heavy gun can be fired over the parapet
a tower that is part of a defensive structure (such as a castle)
a structure or object that impedes free movement
the lowermost portion of a structure partly or wholly below ground level; often used for storage
a building containing dressing rooms for bathers
a tower with a light that gives warning of shoals to passing ships
a tower that supports or shelters a bell
large outdoor signboard
lodging for military personnel (especially in a private home)
housing in a large building that is divided into separate units
something that prevents access or progress
an obstruction in a pipe or tube
the boarding that surrounds an ice hockey rink
the exterior body of a motor vehicle
a building that contains several alleys for bowling
any one of several designated areas on a ball field where the batter or catcher or coaches are positioned
a memorial made of brass
a partition (often temporary) of planks or cloth that is used to control ventilation in a mine
a place for light meals (usually near a kitchen)
masonry done with bricks and mortar
a circular projection that sticks outward from the crown of a hat
an arch with a gap at the apex; the gap is usually filled with some decoration
a partition that divides a ship or plane into compartments
a place on a baseball field where relief pitchers can warm up during a game
a stadium where bullfights take place
(archeology) a heap of earth placed over prehistoric tombs
rough projection left on a workpiece after drilling or cutting
an arch with a straight horizontal extrados and a slightly arched intrados
temporary lodgings in the country for travelers or vacationers
bridge constructed of two cantilevers that meet in the middle
a bridge over a ditch consisting of parallel metal bars that allow pedestrians and vehicles to pass, but not cattle
a monument built to honor people whose remains are interred elsewhere or whose remains cannot be recovered
a building dedicated to a particular activity
area around the altar of a church for the clergy and choir; often enclosed by a lattice or railing
a building attached to a monastery or cathedral; used as a meeting place for the chapter
defensive structure consisting of a movable obstacle composed of barbed wire or spikes attached to a wooden frame; used to obstruct cavalry
the area occupied by singers; the part of the chancel between sanctuary and nave
the tower of a church
(antiquity) an open-air stadium for chariot races and gladiatorial games
a metal or leather projection (as from the sole of a shoe); prevents slipping
a tower with a large clock visible high up on an outside face
a building that is occupied by a social club
a complex of buildings in which an institution of higher education is housed
housing consisting of a complex of dwelling units (as an apartment house) in which each unit is individually owned
a tower with an elevated workspace enclosed in glass for the visual observation of aircraft around an airport
a detached or outdoor shelter for cooking
(architecture) an arch constructed of masonry courses that are corbelled until they meet
an interior angle formed by two meeting walls
the topmost projecting part of an entablature
an area wholly or partly surrounded by walls or buildings
a bridge whose passageway is protected by a roof and enclosing sides
an unventilated area where no air circulates
a porch that resembles the deck on a ship
a superstructure on the upper deck of a ship
an area arranged for dining
landing in a harbor next to a pier where ships are loaded and unloaded or repaired; may have gates to let water in or out
a stadium that has a roof
a college or university building containing living quarters for students
a bridge that can be raised to block passage or to allow boats or ships to pass beneath it
a public fountain to provide a jet of drinking water
(architecture) a projection from a cornice or sill designed to protect the area below from rainwater (as over a window or doorway)
masonry without mortar
either of two low shelters on either side of a baseball diamond where the players and coaches sit during the game
housing that someone is living in
a long artificial mound of stone or earth; built to hold back water or to support a road or as protection
a structure consisting of an area that has been enclosed for some purpose
a shelter to protect occupants from the fallout from an atomic bomb
an elaborate system of vaulting in which the ribs diverge like fans
a building on a farm
a building where livestock are fattened for market
a building that would be hard to escape from if it were to catch fire
a projection used for strength or for attaching to another object
boarding place along the top of a dam to increase its height
an arch with mutually supporting voussoirs that has a straight horizontal extrados and intrados
flat bladelike projection on the arm of an anchor
a stadium where football games are held
a bridge designed for pedestrians
defensive structure consisting of walls or mounds built around a stronghold to strengthen it
a fortified defensive structure
a structure supporting or containing something
a porch for the front door
the central body of an airplane that is designed to accommodate the crew and passengers (or cargo)
narrow recessed balcony area along an upper floor on the interior of a building; usually marked by a colonnade
a public building in which a variety of games of chance can be played (operated as a business)
a small roofed building affording shade and rest
(sports) the area immediately in front of the goal
a building that houses a branch of government
a stone that is used to mark a grave
a building with glass walls and roof; for the cultivation and exhibition of plants under controlled conditions
the floor of a building that is at or nearest to the level of the ground around the building
a self-contained weapons platform housing guns and capable of rotation
a large building for meetings or entertainment
a large building used by a college or university for teaching or research
a building containing trophies honoring famous people
a coil of rope or wool or yarn
a shelter serving as a place of safety or sanctuary
a projection out from one end
an area where you can be alone
the main altar in a church
tower consisting of a multistoried building of offices or apartments
any obstruction that impedes or is burdensome
a stadium for horse shows or horse races
a lodging for travelers (especially one kept by a monastic order)
inexpensive supervised lodging (especially for youths on bicycling trips)
a building where travelers can pay for lodging and meals and other services
a building that houses both a hotel and a casino
a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families
a building in which something is sheltered or located
small crude shelter used as a dwelling
temporary military shelter
an establishment consisting of a building or complex of buildings where an organization for the promotion of some cause is situated
a circular rounded projection or protuberance
a sheet of material made by bonding two or more sheets or layers
a building that houses a collection of books and other materials
defensive structure consisting of a barrier that can be employed for defense against attack
housing available for people to live in
a rounded projection that is part of a larger structure
floor consisting of open space at the top of a house just below roof; often used for storage
a raised shelter in which pigeons are kept
floor consisting of a large unpartitioned space over a factory or warehouse or other commercial space
balcony consisting of the forward section of a theater mezzanine
a roofed arcade or gallery with open sides stretching along the front or side of a building; often at an upper level
a projecting piece that is used to lift or support or turn something
portable bulletproof shelter
building where medicine is practiced
memorial consisting of a very large stone forming part of a prehistoric structure (especially in western Europe)
intermediate floor just above the ground floor
first or lowest balcony
slender tower with balconies
building where the business of a government department is transacted
a large house trailer that can be connected to utilities and can be parked in one place and used as permanent housing
a tower for mooring airships
a building (or room) where dead bodies are kept before burial or cremation
memorial consisting of a structure or natural landmark of historic interest; set aside by national government for preservation and public enjoyment
the central area of a church
a stone pillar having a rectangular cross section tapering towards a pyramidal top
lookout consisting of a dome-shaped observatory
a building designed and equipped to observe astronomical phenomena
an obstruction that stands in the way (and must be removed or surmounted or circumvented)
a building containing offices where work is done
a building where opium is sold and used
lowered area in front of a stage where an orchestra accompanies the performers
a building that is subordinate to and separate from a main building
subsidiary defensive structure lying outside the main fortified area
projection that extends beyond or hangs over something else
bridge formed by the upper level of a crossing of two highways at different levels
a building where foodstuffs are processed and packed
an area where everything is visible
a monument commemorating a nation’s dead heroes
usually paved outdoor area adjoining a residence
an establishment where perfumes are made
a colonnade surrounding a building or enclosing a court
an establishment for study and learning (sometimes including modern universities)
lodging for occasional or secondary use
an arch supported on piers
(auto racing) an area at the side of a racetrack where the race cars are serviced and refueled
(commodity exchange) the part of the floor of a commodity exchange where trading in a particular commodity is carried on
an establishment (a factory or an assembly plant or retail store or warehouse etc.) where business is conducted, goods are made or stored or processed or where services are rendered
any building where congregations gather for prayer
a building housing an instrument for projecting the positions of the planets onto a domed ceiling
buildings for carrying on industrial labor
an arch with a pointed apex; characteristic of Gothic architecture
a temporary bridge built over a series of pontoons
an establishment maintained at public expense in order to provide housing for the poor and homeless
a porch or entrance to a building consisting of a covered and often columned area
building reserved for the officiating clergy
an area (sometimes in a balcony) set aside for reporters (especially in a legislative hall)
a pointed projection
the arch over the opening in the proscenium wall
designated paved area beside a main road where cars can stop temporarily
a large vertical steel tower supporting high-tension power lines
a tower for guiding pilots or marking the turning point in a race
a rectangular area surrounded on all sides by buildings
living accommodations (especially those assigned to military personnel)
an arch whose support is higher on one side than on the other
filthy run-down dilapidated housing
a shelter from danger or hardship
a building where people go to eat
a building used for shelter by travelers (especially in areas where there are no hotels)
building complex in a continuous row along a road
building that contains a surface for ice skating or roller skating
a building constructed by the ancient Romans
an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling
a bridge consisting of ropes
a building having a circular plan and a dome
an arch formed in a continuous curve; characteristic of Roman architecture
an arch that is formed with more than one concentric row of voussoirs
a ruined building
an undecorated arch that is included in order to strengthen or support a construction
signboard consisting of two hinged boards that hang front and back from the shoulders of a walker and are used to display advertisements
a building where young people receive education
establishment including the plant and equipment for providing education from kindergarten through high school
an arch that supports part of the wall
a shelter or screen providing protection from enemy fire or from the weather
a large board for displaying the score of a contest (and some other information)
partition consisting of a decorative frame or panel that serves to divide a space
rearmost or uppermost area in the balcony containing the least expensive seats
a shallow arch; an arch that is less than a semicircle
impressive monuments created in the ancient world that were regarded with awe
temporary housing for homeless or displaced persons
a small signboard outside the office of a lawyer or doctor, e.g.
a building (usually abandoned) where drug addicts buy and use heroin
tower of a kind once used to make shot; molten lead was poured through a sieve and dropped into water
an arch consisting of a horizontal lintel supported at each end by corbels that project into the aperture
a building from which signals are sent to control the movements of railway trains
a cylindrical tower used for storing silage
an arch whose height is less than half its width
the internal supporting structure that gives an artifact its shape
an arch whose jambs are not at right angles with the face
an elevated box for viewing events at a sports stadium
a very tall building with many stories
a mound or heap of snow
a sharp-pointed projection along the top of a fence or wall (or a dinosaur)
a small arch built across the interior angle of two walls (usually to support a spire)
a steel bridge constructed in the form of an arch
a tall tower that forms the superstructure of a building (usually a church or temple) and that tapers to a point at the top
masonry done with stone
small porch or set of steps at the front entrance of a house
the area in any structure that provides space for storage
an underground shelter where you can go until a storm passes
a strongly fortified defensive structure
a building on a college campus dedicated to social and organizational activities of the student body
supporting structure that holds up or provides a foundation
a tower that serves to support something
a bridge that has a roadway supported by cables that are anchored at both ends
a building with a bar that is licensed to sell alcoholic drinks
a building that houses telecommunications equipment
an edifice devoted to special or exalted purposes
a projection at the end of a piece of wood that is shaped to fit into a mortise and form a mortise joint
a portable shelter (usually of canvas stretched over supporting poles and fastened to the ground with ropes and pegs)
a building where theatrical performances or motion-picture shows can be presented
a floor or ground area for threshing or treading out grain
a bridge where toll is charged for crossing
something resembling the tooth of an animal
one of a number of uniform projections on a gear
a tribal emblem consisting of a pillar carved and painted with totemic figures; erected by Indian tribes of the northwest Pacific coast
housing consisting of similar houses constructed together on a tract of land
a bridge supported by trestlework
an arch built between trimmers in a floor (to support the weight of a hearth)
a monumental archway; usually they are built to commemorate some notable victory
a bridge supported by trusses
a low elliptical or pointed arch; usually drawn from four centers
a movable obstruction in a lock that must be adjusted to a given position (as by a key) before the bolt can be thrown
an area sufficiently large for a vehicle to turn around
a small tower extending above a building
establishment where a seat of higher learning is housed, including administrative and living quarters as well as facilities for research and teaching
a porch along the outside of a building (sometimes partly enclosed)
bridge consisting of a series of arches supported by piers used to carry a road (or railroad) over a valley
an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure
an observation tower for a lookout to watch over prisoners or watch for fires or enemies
a building where prostitutes are available
a lookout atop a coastal house
a symmetrical arrangement of the parts of a thing
balance among the parts of something
a paved or landscaped dividing area between opposing lanes of travel on a highway
a building or compound used by a group carrying out religious and humanitarian work
struc·ture
(strŭk′chər)
n.
1. Something made up of a number of parts that are held or put together in a particular way: hierarchical social structure.
2. The way in which parts are arranged or put together to form a whole; makeup: triangular in structure.
3. The interrelation or arrangement of parts in a complex entity: political structure; plot structure.
4. Something constructed, such as a building.
5. Biology
a. The arrangement or formation of the tissues, organs, or other parts of an organism.
b. An organ or other part of an organism.
tr.v. struc·tured, struc·tur·ing, struc·tures
To give form or arrangement to: structure a curriculum; structure one’s day.
[Middle English, the process of building, from Latin strūctūra, from strūctus, past participle of struere, to construct; see ster- in Indo-European roots.]
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
structure
(ˈstrʌktʃə)
n
1. a complex construction or entity
2. the arrangement and interrelationship of parts in a construction, such as a building
3. the manner of construction or organization: the structure of society.
4. (Biology) biology morphology; form
5. (Chemistry) chem the arrangement of atoms in a molecule of a chemical compound: the structure of benzene.
6. (Geological Science) geology the way in which a mineral, rock, rock mass or stratum, etc, is made up of its component parts
7. rare the act of constructing
vb
(tr) to impart a structure to
[C15: from Latin structūra, from struere to build]
Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014
struc•ture
(ˈstrʌk tʃər)
n., v. -tured, -tur•ing. n.
1. the manner in which something is constructed.
2. the manner in which the elements of anything are organized or interrelated: the structure of a poem; the structure of protein.
3. something constructed, as a building or bridge.
4. anything composed of organized or interrelated elements.
5. the construction and arrangement of body parts, tissues, or organs.
6.
a. the attitude of a bed or stratum or of beds or strata of sedimentary rocks, as indicated by the dip and strike.
b. the coarser composition of a rock, as contrasted with its texture.
7. the manner in which atoms in a molecule are joined to each other, esp. as represented in organic chemistry.
8. the pattern or system of beliefs, relationships, institutions, etc., in a social group or society.
v.t.
9. to give a structure to; organize.
[1400–50; late Middle English < Latin structūra=struct(us), past participle of struere to put together + -ūra -ure]
struc′ture•less, adj.
Random House Kernerman Webster’s College Dictionary, © 2010 K Dictionaries Ltd. Copyright 2005, 1997, 1991 by Random House, Inc. All rights reserved.
structure
Past participle: structured
Gerund: structuring
| Imperative |
|---|
| structure |
| structure |
| Present |
|---|
| I structure |
| you structure |
| he/she/it structures |
| we structure |
| you structure |
| they structure |
| Preterite |
|---|
| I structured |
| you structured |
| he/she/it structured |
| we structured |
| you structured |
| they structured |
| Present Continuous |
|---|
| I am structuring |
| you are structuring |
| he/she/it is structuring |
| we are structuring |
| you are structuring |
| they are structuring |
| Present Perfect |
|---|
| I have structured |
| you have structured |
| he/she/it has structured |
| we have structured |
| you have structured |
| they have structured |
| Past Continuous |
|---|
| I was structuring |
| you were structuring |
| he/she/it was structuring |
| we were structuring |
| you were structuring |
| they were structuring |
| Past Perfect |
|---|
| I had structured |
| you had structured |
| he/she/it had structured |
| we had structured |
| you had structured |
| they had structured |
| Future |
|---|
| I will structure |
| you will structure |
| he/she/it will structure |
| we will structure |
| you will structure |
| they will structure |
| Future Perfect |
|---|
| I will have structured |
| you will have structured |
| he/she/it will have structured |
| we will have structured |
| you will have structured |
| they will have structured |
| Future Continuous |
|---|
| I will be structuring |
| you will be structuring |
| he/she/it will be structuring |
| we will be structuring |
| you will be structuring |
| they will be structuring |
| Present Perfect Continuous |
|---|
| I have been structuring |
| you have been structuring |
| he/she/it has been structuring |
| we have been structuring |
| you have been structuring |
| they have been structuring |
| Future Perfect Continuous |
|---|
| I will have been structuring |
| you will have been structuring |
| he/she/it will have been structuring |
| we will have been structuring |
| you will have been structuring |
| they will have been structuring |
| Past Perfect Continuous |
|---|
| I had been structuring |
| you had been structuring |
| he/she/it had been structuring |
| we had been structuring |
| you had been structuring |
| they had been structuring |
| Conditional |
|---|
| I would structure |
| you would structure |
| he/she/it would structure |
| we would structure |
| you would structure |
| they would structure |
| Past Conditional |
|---|
| I would have structured |
| you would have structured |
| he/she/it would have structured |
| we would have structured |
| you would have structured |
| they would have structured |
Collins English Verb Tables © HarperCollins Publishers 2011
ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:
| Noun | 1. |  structure — a thing constructed; a complex entity constructed of many parts; «the structure consisted of a series of arches»; «she wore her hair in an amazing construction of whirls and ribbons»
construction artefact, artifact — a man-made object taken as a whole airdock, hangar, repair shed — a large structure at an airport where aircraft can be stored and maintained altar — a raised structure on which gifts or sacrifices to a god are made arcade, colonnade — a structure composed of a series of arches supported by columns arch — (architecture) a masonry construction (usually curved) for spanning an opening and supporting the weight above it area — a part of a structure having some specific characteristic or function; «the spacious cooking area provided plenty of room for servants» balcony — a platform projecting from the wall of a building and surrounded by a balustrade or railing or parapet balcony — an upper floor projecting from the rear over the main floor in an auditorium bascule — a structure or device in which one end is counterbalanced by the other (on the principle of the seesaw) boarding — a structure of boards body — the external structure of a vehicle; «the body of the car was badly rusted» bridge, span — a structure that allows people or vehicles to cross an obstacle such as a river or canal or railway etc. building, edifice — a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place; «there was a three-story building on the corner»; «it was an imposing edifice» building complex, complex — a whole structure (as a building) made up of interconnected or related structures catchment — a structure in which water is collected (especially a natural drainage area) coil, helix, volute, whorl, spiral — a structure consisting of something wound in a continuous series of loops; «a coil of rope» colonnade — structure consisting of a row of evenly spaced columns pillar, column — a vertical cylindrical structure standing alone and not supporting anything (such as a monument) quoin, corner — (architecture) solid exterior angle of a building; especially one formed by a cornerstone cross — a wooden structure consisting of an upright post with a transverse piece deathtrap — any structure that is very unsafe; where people are likely to be killed defensive structure, defence, defense — a structure used to defend against attack; «the artillery battered down the defenses» door — a structure where people live or work (usually ordered along a street or road); «the office next door»; «they live two doors up the street from us» entablature — (architecture) the structure consisting of the part of a classical temple above the columns between a capital and the roof erection — a structure that has been erected establishment — a public or private structure (business or governmental or educational) including buildings and equipment for business or residence false bottom — a horizontal structure that partitions a ship or box (especially one built close to the actual bottom) storey, floor, story, level — a structure consisting of a room or set of rooms at a single position along a vertical scale; «what level is the office on?» understructure, groundwork, substructure, base, foundation, fundament, foot — lowest support of a structure; «it was built on a base of solid rock»; «he stood at the foot of the tower» fountain — a structure from which an artificially produced jet of water arises guide — a structure or marking that serves to direct the motion or positioning of something cardcastle, cardhouse, card-house, house of cards — an unstable construction with playing cards; «he built three levels of his cardcastle before it collapsed» housing, living accommodations, lodging — structures collectively in which people are housed hull — the frame or body of ship jungle gym — a structure of vertical and horizontal rods where children can climb and play lamination — a layered structure landing place, landing — structure providing a place where boats can land people or goods lookout station, observation tower, observatory, lookout — a structure commanding a wide view of its surroundings masonry — structure built of stone or brick by a mason monument, memorial — a structure erected to commemorate persons or events hill, mound — structure consisting of an artificial heap or bank usually of earth or stones; «they built small mounds to hide behind» impedimenta, obstruction, obstructor, obstructer, impediment — any structure that makes progress difficult |
| 2. | structure — the manner of construction of something and the arrangement of its parts; «artists must study the structure of the human body»; «the structure of the benzene molecule»
infrastructure, substructure — the basic structure or features of a system or organization computer architecture, architecture — (computer science) the structure and organization of a computer’s hardware or system software; «the architecture of a computer’s system software» cytoarchitectonics, cytoarchitecture — the cellular composition of a bodily structure fabric, framework — the underlying structure; «providing a factual framework for future research»; «it is part of the fabric of society» physical composition, composition, make-up, makeup, constitution — the way in which someone or something is composed |
|
| 3. | structure — the complex composition of knowledge as elements and their combinations; «his lectures have no structure»
cognition, knowledge, noesis — the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning organization, arrangement, organisation, system — an organized structure for arranging or classifying; «he changed the arrangement of the topics»; «the facts were familiar but it was in the organization of them that he was original»; «he tried to understand their system of classification» pattern, form, shape — a perceptual structure; «the composition presents problems for students of musical form»; «a visual pattern must include not only objects but the spaces between them» phrase structure, sentence structure, syntax — the grammatical arrangement of words in sentences sound structure, syllable structure, word structure, morphology — the admissible arrangement of sounds in words |
|
| 4. |  structure — a particular complex anatomical part of a living thing; «he has good bone structure»
anatomical structure, bodily structure, body structure, complex body part layer — thin structure composed of a single thickness of cells apodeme — ridge-like ingrowth of the exoskeleton of an arthropod that supports internal organs and provides attachment points for muscles caliculus, calycle, calyculus — a small cup-shaped structure (as a taste bud or optic cup or cavity of a coral containing a polyp) tooth — toothlike structure in invertebrates found in the mouth or alimentary canal or on a shell pad — the fleshy cushion-like underside of an animal’s foot or of a human’s finger branchial cleft, gill cleft, gill slit — one of a series of slit openings in the pharynxes of fishes and aquatic amphibians through which water passes branchial arch, gill arch, gill bar — one of the bony or cartilaginous arches on each side of the pharynx that support the gills of fishes and aquatic amphibians peristome — region around the mouth in various invertebrates syrinx — the vocal organ of a bird body part — any part of an organism such as an organ or extremity bulb — a rounded dilation or expansion in a canal or vessel or organ carina — any of various keel-shaped structures or ridges such as that on the breastbone of a bird or that formed by the fused petals of a pea blossom cauda — any taillike structure chiasm, chiasma, decussation — an intersection or crossing of two tracts in the form of the letter X cingulum — (anatomy) an encircling structure (as the ridge around the base of a tooth) concha — (anatomy) a structure that resembles a shell in shape filum, filament — a threadlike structure (as a chainlike series of cells) germ — a small apparently simple structure (as a fertilized egg) from which new tissue can develop into a complete organism infundibulum — any of various funnel-shaped parts of the body (but especially the hypophyseal stalk) interstice — a small structural space between tissues or parts of an organ; «the interstices of a network» landmark — an anatomical structure used as a point of origin in locating other anatomical structures (as in surgery) or as point from which measurements can be taken limbus — a border or edge of any of various body parts distinguished by color or structure rib — a riblike supporting or strengthening part of an animal or plant blade — a broad flat body part (as of the shoulder or tongue) radicle — (anatomy) a small structure resembling a rootlet (such as a fibril of a nerve) plexus, rete — a network of intersecting blood vessels or intersecting nerves or intersecting lymph vessels tube-shaped structure, tube — (anatomy) any hollow cylindrical body structure passageway, passage — a path or channel or duct through or along which something may pass; «the nasal passages» fundus — (anatomy) the base of a hollow organ or that part of the organ farthest from its opening; «the uterine fundus»; «the fundus of the stomach» funiculus — any of several body structure resembling a cord head — that part of a skeletal muscle that is away from the bone that it moves bodily cavity, cavum, cavity — (anatomy) a natural hollow or sinus within the body tooth root, root — the part of a tooth that is embedded in the jaw and serves as support capsule — a structure that encloses a body part uvea — the part of the eye that contains the iris and ciliary body and choroid lens nucleus, nucleus — the central structure of the lens that is surrounded by the cortex membranous labyrinth — the sensory structures of the inner ear including the labyrinthine receptors and the cochlea; contained within the bony labyrinth bony labyrinth, osseous labyrinth — cavity in the petrous part of the temporal bone that contains the membranous labyrinth alveolar bed — lung tissue densely packed with alveoli valve — a structure in a hollow organ (like the heart) with a flap to insure one-way flow of fluid through it vascular structure — a structure composed of or provided with blood vessels lacrimal apparatus — the structures that secrete and drain tears from the eye cytoskeleton — a microscopic network of actin filaments and microtubules in the cytoplasm of many living cells that gives the cell shape and coherence nucleolar organiser, nucleolar organizer, nucleolus organiser, nucleolus organizer — the particular part of a chromosome that is associated with a nucleolus after nuclear division centromere, kinetochore — a specialized condensed region of each chromosome that appears during mitosis where the chromatids are held together to form an X shape; «the centromere is difficult to sequence» aster — star-shaped structure formed in the cytoplasm of a cell having fibers like rays that surround the centrosome during mitosis |
|
| 5. | structure — the people in a society considered as a system organized by a characteristic pattern of relationships; «the social organization of England and America is very different»; «sociologists have studied the changing structure of the family»
social organisation, social organization, social structure, social system society — an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization feudal system, feudalism — the social system that developed in Europe in the 8th century; vassals were protected by lords who they had to serve in war patriarchy, patriarchate — a form of social organization in which a male is the family head and title is traced through the male line matriarchate, matriarchy — a form of social organization in which a female is the family head and title is traced through the female line meritocracy — a form of social system in which power goes to those with superior intellects pluralism — a social organization in which diversity of racial or religious or ethnic or cultural groups is tolerated form of government, political system — the members of a social organization who are in power class structure — the organization of classes within a society separatism, segregation — a social system that provides separate facilities for minority groups system, scheme — a group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole; «a vast system of production and distribution and consumption keep the country going» |
|
| Verb | 1. | structure — give a structure to; «I need to structure my days»
reconstitute, restructure — construct or form anew or provide with a new structure; «After his accident, he had to restructure his life»; «The governing board was reconstituted» coordinate, organise, organize — bring order and organization to; «Can you help me organize my files?» |
Based on WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. © 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc.
structure
noun
1. arrangement, form, make-up, make, design, organization, construction, fabric, formation, configuration, conformation, interrelation of parts The chemical structure of this particular molecule is very unusual.
Collins Thesaurus of the English Language – Complete and Unabridged 2nd Edition. 2002 © HarperCollins Publishers 1995, 2002
structure
noun
A usually permanent construction, such as a house or store:
verb
To create by combining parts or elements:
The American Heritage® Roget’s Thesaurus. Copyright © 2013, 2014 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
Translations
بِناء، مَبْنىبِنْيَه، تَرْكيب، تَكْوينهَيْكِل
stavbastruktura
strukturkonstruktion
rakennerakennelmajärjestelmä
struktura
szerkezetszervezet
byggingbygging, byggingarlagbygging, mannvirki
構造
구조
sandarastruktūrastruktūrinisstruktūriškai
celtnekonstrukcijastruktūrauzbūve
ustrojzgradba
struktur
โครงสร้าง
cơ cấu
Collins Spanish Dictionary — Complete and Unabridged 8th Edition 2005 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1971, 1988 © HarperCollins Publishers 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2005
structure
[ˈstrʌktʃər]
n
(= way sth is built, organized or made) [building, human body, cell, sentence, family, society, economy, company, essay, film, book] → structure f
vt [+ essay, programme, course] → structurer
Collins English/French Electronic Resource. © HarperCollins Publishers 2005
structure
Collins German Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged 7th Edition 2005. © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1980 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2005, 2007
Collins Italian Dictionary 1st Edition © HarperCollins Publishers 1995
structure
(ˈstraktʃə) noun
1. the way in which something is arranged or organized. A flower has quite a complicated structure; the structure of a human body.
2. a building, or something that is built or constructed. The Eiffel Tower is one of the most famous structures in the world.
ˈstructural adjective
of structure. You must get permission before making structural alterations to your house.
ˈstructurally adverb
Kernerman English Multilingual Dictionary © 2006-2013 K Dictionaries Ltd.
structure
→ هَيْكِل struktura struktur Struktur δομή estructura rakenne structure struktura struttura 構造 구조 structuur struktur struktura estrutura структура struktur โครงสร้าง yapı cơ cấu 结构
Multilingual Translator © HarperCollins Publishers 2009
struc·ture
n. estructura; orden.
English-Spanish Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012
English[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle French structure, from Latin structūra (“a fitting together, adjustment, building, erection, a building, edifice, structure”), from struere, past participle structus (“pile up, arrange, assemble, build”). Compare construct, instruct, destroy, etc.
Pronunciation[edit]
- (UK) IPA(key): /ˈstɹʌk(t)ʃə(ɹ)/, [ˈstɹɐk(t)ʃə(ɹ)]
- (US) IPA(key): /ˈstɹʌkt͡ʃɚ/
- (General Australian) IPA(key): [ˈstʃɹɐktʃə]
Noun[edit]
structure (countable and uncountable, plural structures)
- A cohesive whole built up of distinct parts.
- Synonym: formation
-
1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 1, in The China Governess[1]:
-
The original family who had begun to build a palace to rival Nonesuch had died out before they had put up little more than the gateway, so that the actual structure which had come down to posterity retained the secret magic of a promise rather than the overpowering splendour of a great architectural achievement.
-
-
The birds had built an amazing structure out of sticks and various discarded items.
- The underlying shape of a solid.
- Synonym: formation
-
He studied the structure of her face.
- The overall form or organization of something.
- Synonyms: makeup, configuration; see also Thesaurus:composition
-
2012 March 1, Brian Hayes, “Pixels or Perish”, in American Scientist[2], volume 100, number 2, archived from the original on 19 February 2013, page 106:
-
Drawings and pictures are more than mere ornaments in scientific discourse. Blackboard sketches, geological maps, diagrams of molecular structure, astronomical photographs, MRI images, the many varieties of statistical charts and graphs: These pictorial devices are indispensable tools for presenting evidence, for explaining a theory, for telling a story.
-
-
The structure of a sentence.
-
The structure of the society was still a mystery.
- A set of rules defining behaviour.
-
For some, the structure of school life was oppressive.
-
- (computing) Several pieces of data treated as a unit.
-
This structure contains both date and timezone information.
-
- (fishing, uncountable) Underwater terrain or objects (such as a dead tree or a submerged car) that tend to attract fish
-
There’s lots of structure to be fished along the west shore of the lake; the impoundment submerged a town there when it was built.
-
- A body, such as a political party, with a cohesive purpose or outlook.
-
The South African leader went off to consult with the structures.
-
- (logic) A set along with a collection of finitary functions and relations.
Derived terms[edit]
- antistructure
Translations[edit]
cohesive whole built up of distinct parts
- Albanian: strukturë (sq) f
- Arabic: هَيْكَل m (haykal)
- Armenian: կառույց (hy) (kaṙuycʿ)
- Asturian: estructura f
- Azerbaijani: struktur, quruluş
- Belarusian: структу́ра f (struktúra)
- Bengali: গঠন (bn) (goṭhon)
- Bulgarian: структу́ра (bg) f (struktúra)
- Burmese: ဖွဲ့စည်းပုံ (my) (hpwai.cany:pum)
- Catalan: estructura (ca) f
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 結構／结构 (zh) (jiégòu)
- Czech: struktura (cs)
- Danish: struktur (da) c
- Dutch: structuur (nl) f
- Esperanto: strukturo
- Estonian: struktuur (et)
- Finnish: rakennelma (fi)
- Galician: estrutura (gl) f
- Georgian: სტრუქტურა (sṭrukṭura)
- German: Struktur (de) f
- Greek: δομή (el) f (domí)
- Hebrew: מִבְנֶה (he) m (mivné)
- Hindi: संरचना f (sãracnā)
- Hungarian: szerkezet (hu)
- Icelandic: bygging (is)
- Ingrian: struktura
- Irish: struchtúr m
- Italian: struttura (it) f
- Japanese: 構造 (ja) (こうぞう, kōzō), 構成 (ja) (こうせい, kōsei)
- Kazakh: құрылым (qūrylym)
- Khmer: គ្រោង (km) (kroong)
- Korean: 구조(構造) (ko) (gujo), 구성(構成) (ko) (guseong)
- Kurdish:
- Northern Kurdish: pêkhate (ku) f
- Kyrgyz: структура (ky) (struktura)
- Lao: ໂຄງສ້າງ (lo) (khōng sāng)
- Latvian: struktūra (lv) f
- Lithuanian: struktūra f
- Macedonian: структу́ра f (struktúra)
- Malay: rangka, struktur
- Maori: rangaranga
- Mongolian:
- Cyrillic:!бүтэц (mn) (bütec)
- Norwegian:
- Bokmål: struktur (no) m
- Oromo: caasaa
- Persian: سازه (fa) (sâze), ساخت (fa) (sâxt)
- Polish: struktura (pl) f
- Portuguese: estrutura (pt) f
- Romanian: structură (ro) f
- Russian: структу́ра (ru) f (struktúra)
- Scottish Gaelic: togail f
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: структу́ра f
- Roman: struktúra (sh) f
- Shan: ယူင်ႉသၢင်ႈ (yṵ̂ung sāang)
- Slovak: štruktúra f
- Slovene: struktura f
- Spanish: estructura (es) f
- Swedish: struktur (sv) c
- Tagalog: balangkas, estruktura, kayarian
- Tajik: сохт (tg) (soxt), структура (struktura), сохтор (soxtor)
- Thai: โครงสร้าง (th) (kroong-sâang)
- Turkish: yapı (tr)
- Turkmen: gurluş
- Ukrainian: структу́ра f (struktúra)
- Urdu: ساخت (sāxt)
- Uyghur: قۇرۇلما (qurulma)
- Uzbek: tuzilma (uz), struktura (uz), qurilish (uz), tuzilish (uz)
- Vietnamese: kết cấu (vi)
- Yiddish: סטרוקטור (struktur)
underlying shape of a solid
- Armenian: կառուցվածք (hy) (kaṙucʿvackʿ)
- Asturian: estructura f
- Bulgarian: структура (bg) f (struktura), строеж (bg) f (stroež)
- Catalan: estructura (ca) f
- Dutch: structuur (nl) f
- Finnish: rakenne (fi)
- French: structure (fr) f
- Galician: estrutura (gl) f
- Haitian Creole: strikti
- Irish: struchtúr m
- Italian: struttura (it) f
- Japanese: 構成 (ja) (こうせい, kōsei)
- Korean: 구성(構成) (ko) (guseong)
- Kurdish:
- Northern Kurdish: pêkhate (ku) f
- Latin: compāgēs f
- Malay: rangka, struktur
- Maori: hanganga, whaihanganga
- Portuguese: estrutura (pt) f
- Romanian: structură (ro) f
- Scottish Gaelic: dèanamh m
- Spanish: estructura (es) f
- Tagalog: balangkas, estruktura, kayarian
- Vietnamese: cấu trúc (vi)
overall form or organization of something
- Armenian: կառուցվածք (hy) (kaṙucʿvackʿ)
- Bulgarian: организираност f (organiziranost)
- Catalan: estructura (ca) f
- Danish: struktur (da) c
- Finnish: rakenne (fi)
- French: structure (fr) f
- German: Struktur (de) f
- Haitian Creole: strikti
- Hebrew: מבנה (he) m, תצורה (he) f
- Hungarian: felépítés (hu), szerkezet (hu)
- Indonesian: struktur (id)
- Interlingua: structura
- Irish: struchtúr m
- Italian: struttura (it)
- Japanese: 構成 (ja) (こうせい, kōsei)
- Korean: 구성(構成) (ko) (guseong)
- Malay: rangka, struktur
- Malayalam: രൂപം (ml) n (rūpaṃ)
- Maori: rangaranga, hanganga
- Persian: ساختار (fa) (sâxtâr)
- Polish: struktura (pl) f
- Portuguese: estrutura (pt) f
- Russian: структу́ра (ru) f (struktúra)
- Sanskrit: रूपम् (sa) n (rūpam)
- Spanish: estructura (es) f
- Swedish: struktur (sv) c
- Tagalog: balangkas, estruktura, kayarian
- Turkish: yapı (tr)
fishing: underwater terrain or objects
body, such as a political party, with a cohesive purpose or outlook
Translations to be checked
- Arabic: (please verify) و مبنى/شكل (mabna / shakel)
- Greek: (please verify) δομή (el) f (domí)
- Italian: (please verify) struttura (it) f
- Telugu: (please verify) నిర్మాణము (te) (nirmāṇamu) (nirmaaNamu) (1,3), (please verify) ఆకారము (te) (ākāramu) (aakaaramu) (2)
- Ukrainian: (please verify) будова (budowa) f (budova (budowa)) (1,2,3,4)
Verb[edit]
structure (third-person singular simple present structures, present participle structuring, simple past and past participle structured)
- (transitive) To give structure to; to arrange.
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I’m trying to structure my time better so I’m not always late.
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I’ve structured the deal to limit the amount of money we can lose.
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Translations[edit]
(transitive) to give structure to; to arrange
- Belarusian: структурава́ць impf (strukturavácʹ)
- Bulgarian: структурирам (strukturiram)
- Catalan: estructurar (ca)
- Danish: strukturere
- Dutch: structureren (nl)
- German: strukturieren (de)
- Portuguese: estruturar (pt)
- Russian: структури́ровать (ru) impf or pf (strukturírovatʹ)
- Spanish: estructurar (es)
- Swedish: strukturera (sv)
- Turkish: yapılandırmak (tr)
- Ukrainian: структурува́ти impf or pf (strukturuváty)
- Welsh: strwythuro (cy)
[edit]
- infrastructure
- macrostructure
- microstructure
- restructure
- structural
- structuralism
- structuralist
- structured
- substructure
- superstructure
- unstructured
Further reading[edit]
structure on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
French[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Latin structura.
Pronunciation[edit]
- IPA(key): /stʁyk.tyʁ/
- Rhymes: -yʁ
- Homophone: structures
Noun[edit]
structure f (plural structures)
- structure
- Synonyms: agencement, disposition, ordre, organisation
- Antonyms: anarchie, chaos
- Le plain-chant est la paraphrase aérienne et mouvante de l’immobile structure des cathédrales. (Huysmans, En route, 1895)
Derived terms[edit]
- infrastructure
- structural
- structuralisme
- structuraliste
- structurant
- structuration
- structurer
- déstructurer
- restructurer
- structuration
- structure de données
- structurel
- structurellement
- substructure
- superstructure
References[edit]
- “structure”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Further reading[edit]
- “structure”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Latin[edit]
Participle[edit]
strūctūre
- vocative masculine singular of strūctūrus
- Top Definitions
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- British
This shows grade level based on the word’s complexity.
[ struhk-cher ]
/ ˈstrʌk tʃər /
This shows grade level based on the word’s complexity.
noun
mode of building, construction, or organization; arrangement of parts, elements, or constituents: a pyramidal structure.
something built or constructed, as a building, bridge, or dam.
a complex system considered from the point of view of the whole rather than of any single part: the structure of modern science.
anything composed of parts arranged together in some way; an organization.
the relationship or organization of the component parts of a work of art or literature: the structure of a poem.
Biology. mode of organization; construction and arrangement of tissues, parts, or organs.
Geology.
- the attitude of a bed or stratum or of beds or strata of sedimentary rocks, as indicated by the dip and strike.
- the coarser composition of a rock, as contrasted with its texture.
Chemistry. the manner in which atoms in a molecule are joined to each other, especially in organic chemistry where molecular arrangement is represented by a diagram or model.
the pattern of organization of a language as a whole or of arrangements of linguistic units, as phonemes, morphemes or tagmemes, within larger units.
verb (used with object), struc·tured, struc·tur·ing.
to give a structure, organization, or arrangement to; construct or build a systematic framework for: to structure a curriculum so well that a novice teacher can use it.
QUIZ
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Origin of structure
First recorded in 1400–50; late Middle English, from Latin structūra, equivalent to struct(us) (past participle of struere “to put together”) + -ūra noun suffix; see -ure
synonym study for structure
OTHER WORDS FROM structure
de·struc·ture, verb (used with object), de·struc·tured, de·struc·tur·ing.in·ter·struc·ture, nounnon·struc·ture, nounpre·struc·ture, verb (used with object), pre·struc·tured, pre·struc·tur·ing.
Words nearby structure
structural linguistics, structural psychology, structural racism, structural steel, structural unemployment, structure, structured, structured programming, structureless, strudel, struggle
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2023
Words related to structure
architecture, arrangement, complex, construction, design, format, formation, framework, network, organization, system, edifice, house, anatomy, build, carcass, configuration, conformation, fabric, fabrication
How to use structure in a sentence
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Saltwater needs to be even colder than freshwater to freeze — cold enough that the salt gets pushed out of the water’s crystal structure.
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That fixed structure and ratio gives the chemical a specific set of properties.
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Drone imagery also picked up signs of two pits, one dug at or near each end of the semicircular structure.
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Palantir has an unusual power structure, which has raised eyebrows from investors.
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Essentially, you’ve got a part of grammar and you can reuse it in building a larger structure.
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In front of this strange structure are two blank-faced, well-dressed models showing off the latest in European minimalism.
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One blames black Americans as a race; the other, racism as a social structure.
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This is not because of bad leaders, or polarized politics, but because of a governing structure that is fatally flawed.
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And the chord structure, for those of you who play an instrument, is unexpected and worth checking out.
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According to a military spokesperson, Boko Haram had built a “female wing” in its command structure.
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But dwelling means a special kind of structure—a building occupied by man—a place to live in.
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The building, a mosque-like structure of considerable size, was situated in the midst of a grove of mango trees.
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I had no sooner stepped upon the frail structure when it suddenly and unaccountably gave way in the middle.
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In ordinary work, however, it is safer to base the distinction upon size than upon structure.
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They combine the fixing with the staining process, and stain differentially every normal and abnormal structure in the blood.
British Dictionary definitions for structure
noun
a complex construction or entity
the arrangement and interrelationship of parts in a construction, such as a building
the manner of construction or organizationthe structure of society
biology morphology; form
chem the arrangement of atoms in a molecule of a chemical compoundthe structure of benzene
geology the way in which a mineral, rock, rock mass or stratum, etc, is made up of its component parts
rare the act of constructing
verb
(tr) to impart a structure to
Word Origin for structure
C15: from Latin structūra, from struere to build
Collins English Dictionary — Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition
© William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins
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