Correct word order english sentence

How sentences are built in English. English sentence structure

Knowing how a sentence is constructed in English is a fundamental key to speaking correctly in English. Having well understood the principles of constructing English sentences of different types, you can easily operate with different times, ask questions correctly, and speak English faster.

Strict word order in English sentences

The construction of sentences in English requires clarification due to the dissimilarity of the syntax of English and Russian. For example, The boy was picking berries all day. can be translated in ten ways:

1. The boy was picking berries all day
2. The boy picked berries all day
3. The boy picked berries all day
4. The boy picked berries all day
5. The boy picked berries all day
6. The boy picked berries all day
7. The boy picked berries all day
8. The boy picked berries all day
9. The boy picked berries all day
10. The boy was picking berries all day

In English, this will be only one option, where the word order is strictly defined — the subject is followed by the predicate, then the object and the circumstance.

On the one hand, it seems that such a limitation is annoying, but practice shows: the less room for maneuver, the less probability of error.

In the end, it turns out to be easier to construct sentences of foreign speech according to a strictly defined scheme than to literally convey ornate Russian thoughts.

The outline of a typical affirmative English sentence looks like this:

Subject group	Predicate group	Additions	Circumstances
the boy	was picking	berries	all day

Exception for circumstance

There is one exception to the rule «subject, predicate, and then everything else» — this is a circumstance. In English, it can appear in sentences in four different positions:

Last night she left for Pekin — She left for Beijing last night.

Marcus seldom eats spinach — Marcus rarely eats spinach.

Grant has never been to Penza — Grant has never been to Penza.

Flora broke the agreement at once — Flora broke the agreement at once.

Building negative sentences in English

The word order in negative sentences in English differs from affirmative only in the NOT particle. The composition of the predicate in a negative sentence is «Auxiliary verb + NOT + main verb».

Belinda did not show her impatience — Belinda did not show her impatience.

General questions

General questions (requiring a “yes” or “no” answer) in English always start with an auxiliary verb. After it, the word order of the affirmative sentence is preserved.

Did the pupils stand still? — Did the students stand still?

Special Issues

Special questions are of a clarifying nature and begin with special “interrogative words”. After such a word, in a special question, we put an auxiliary verb, and then again return to the affirmative word order.

Why did the pupils stand still? — Why did the students stand still?

Stylistic inversion in English

The order of words in a sentence in English can change when a special stylistic device is used — inversion (reverse word order). It is mainly an artistic technique that serves to emotionally highlight an expression or thought.

And came empty days full of misery and despair. — And there came empty days, full of suffering and despair.

Training and control

Despite the fact that there is nothing complicated in the scheme of the English sentence, it is not so easy to introduce this very scheme into the Russian consciousness. We are used to being free with words. After all, thanks to the endings, the order of the words in the Russian sentence is not important.

When we learn to speak English, we automatically put English words in the place of Russians, often completely distorting the meaning of what we want to say.

To develop the automatism of the correct word order in a sentence in English, you need to build a thought over and over again according to the desired pattern. It is difficult to do this on your own.

The lessons of the Lim-English training site are designed so that the Russian and English versions of the sentences in them almost literally coincide. By completing tasks on the site, you will not only understand how a sentence is constructed in English, but also imperceptibly bring the skill of correct English speech to automatism.

By the way, you can also find a rather rare phenomenon of stylistic inversion in Lim-English in beautiful English fairy tales.

Source: https://crownenglishclub.ru/dlya-nachinayushhih/kak-stroyatsya-predlozheniya-v-anglijskom-yazyke-struktura-anglijskogo-predlozheniya.html

Need to make a sentence from English words? It couldn’t be easier!

Need to make a sentence from English words? Let’s learn how to make it easy!

In order to compose a sentence from English words, it is not enough to have a good vocabulary — you also need to know the rules of construction.

The meaning does not change from the order of words in Russian, and only the semantic emphasis depends on which member of the sentence is put in the first place (what the speaker wants to emphasize is put in the first place).

 In the English language, which conveys grammatical relations using syntax, there is no such freedom in constructing a conversation — each member of the sentence has its own place. The fixed word order allows you to understand the meaning.

So, in the phrase «John loves Jane» it will be difficult to understand who loves whom, if you do not follow the rules for constructing sentences.

The construction of sentences in English requires a grammatical basis — subject and predicate. If in the Russian language it is possible to use nominative sentences (without a predicate), then in English in structures of this type there are necessarily linking verbs to have and to be:
This is a wonderful picture (the verb «is» is implied) — It is a wonderful picture.

Narrative speech

Speech constructions of this type communicate a fact in an affirmative or negative form. In them, the subject + predicate goes first:

The boy reads — the boy is reading.

The direct object is used after the verb, and in the presence of an unprejudged indirect object, it is placed after it.

The boy reads book. — The boy is reading a book.
He gave me a sad book. — He gave me a sad book.

Circumstances in English are put either at the beginning or at the end. Traditionally, the place of the circumstance is at the end of the sentence, when stating it is first separated by a comma.

In the evening, the boy reads the sad book. — In the evening, the boy reads a sad book.
The boy reads the sad book in the evening. — The boy reads a sad book in the evening.

.

Negative speech

Negation is created using the negative particle not, which is placed after the auxiliary or modal verb that is part of the predicate.

He has not read that book. — He has not read this book.

If there are two auxiliary verbs in the sentence, the particle not is placed after the first auxiliary verb. Denial can be expressed using the negative pronouns nobody, nothing, the adverbs nowhere, never, and the conjunction neither nor. Since only one negation is possible in an English sentence, the predicate in such cases is expressed by a verb in the affirmative form.

They went nowhere after dinner. “They didn’t go anywhere after dinner.

Word order in English can be direct and reverse (when the predicate or part of the predicate comes before the subject — for example, in questions like Is he a manager?).

Interrogative speech

In English, there are 5 types of interrogative sentences that differ in structure.

1. A general yes / no question that uses reverse word order starts with modal or auxiliary verbs. Is the boy reading the text?
   Is the boy reading the text?
2. A specific question used for additional information. The word order is reversed, with the question word What? — what? When? — when? Why? — why? Etc. What are you planning to read?
   What are you going to read?
3. A dividing question, used to express doubt, surprise, or to obtain confirmation, in two parts. The first part of the question is a direct word construction (unchanged), and the second is an auxiliary verb and a pronoun meaning “isn’t it”, “isn’t it”. If the first part is a statement, then in the second part the particle not is placed after the interrogative or modal verb. If the first part is negative, not is not used in the second part. You read the book, don’t you?
   You’re reading a book, aren’t you?
4. An alternative question, involving a choice between two options, can be asked to any member of the proposal. In such a question, the word or (or) is necessarily present: Are the children writing a dictation or reading a text?
   Do children write dictation or read text?
5. The question to the subject, when the word order does not change, and What or Who is put in the first place (depending on the animate / inanimate of the noun): Who wants to answer the question?
   Who wants to answer the question?

Thanks to the knowledge of the principles of constructing English sentences, you can correctly express your thoughts and easily formulate a competent answer to a foreigner’s question.

Article recommended by an expert: Maria Solomatina

Source: https://1hello.ru/grammatika/predlozhenie-iz-anglijskix-slov.html

5 simple rules for word order in English

In order to build even the simplest sentence in English, you need to know the word order in the language. This seemingly simple but very important topic is the starting point for learning English grammar.

Subject + predicate + direct object

In an ordinary affirmative sentence, the subject is placed directly before the predicate (verb). The direct object, when present, comes immediately after the verb. For example:

• They bought a car. — They bought a car.
• We can’t do that. — We cannot do this.
• The girl in a blue dress was playing the piano. — A girl in a blue dress played the piano.

Predicate

Note that by subject we mean here not only the main noun or pronoun, but also the adjectives or descriptive phrases that refer to it. The rest of the sentence, which is not related to the subject, is called the predicate. For example:

• The girl in a blue dress was playing the piano.

Indirect additions and circumstances

If there are any other parts in the sentence — indirect additions or circumstances — they usually occupy a strictly defined place.

Indirect Complement Position

Indirect object is placed after direct object if it contains the preposition to.

Indirect object is placed before direct object when to is absent. For example:

• The teacher gave dictionaries to the pupils. — The teacher handed out dictionaries to students.
• The teacher gave them dictionaries. — The teacher gave them dictionaries.

Position of circumstance

A circumstance can be posed in three places:

Before the subject (usually these are the circumstances of the time)

• In the morning he was reading a book. — In the morning he read a book.

After the addition (almost any adverb or adverbial phrase can be put here):

• He was reading a book at the library. — He read a book in the library.

Between the auxiliary and the main verb (as a rule, these are short adverbs):

• He has already read this book. — He has already read the book.

Non-standard word order in English

Typically, in Standard English, no other words are placed between subject and predicate, or between predicate and object. But there are a few exceptions. Here are the most important ones:

Frequency adverbs and indirect objects without the preposition to

• I sometimes drink coffee in the morning. — I sometimes drink coffee in the morning.

Source: https://skyeng.ru/articles/5-prostyh-pravil-poryadka-slov-v-anglijskom

Affirmative sentences in English, examples

›Grammar and Rules› Writing Sentences ›Affirmative Sentences in English with Examples and Tables

Affirmative sentences are called sentences in which the connection, established between the object and what is said about it, is really existing, or is realized as such.

Affirmative sentences in English are one of the linguistic means of colloquial speech that are used to express emotionality, ease, or a sensually specific character.

In this material, we present the rules for affirmative sentences in English, examples of their use in colloquial speech in different temporal forms.

 Affirmative sentences in Present Simple

Affirmative sentences in Present Simple denote actions in the present tense in the broadest sense of the word. Most often, routine actions, constant or often repeated, are approved. It is appropriate to use such sentences when we want to talk about someone’s habits, schedule, or daily routine. Affirmative sentences in Present Simple denote actions that take place in the present tense, but are not tied to the moment of speech.

English verbs in Present Simple almost always coincide with the form indicated in the dictionary, that is, they are used in the initial form of verbs without the to particle.

Affirmative sentences in English: examples

I speak => I speak	We speak => we speak
You speak => you speak	You speak => You speak
He / she / it speaks => he / she / it speaks	They speak => they speak

But! If we are talking about the third person (in the singular), then it is imperative to add -s:

• I say => he says;
• I want => she wants.

And another rule: If the verb ends in -y, then the ending will be -es, only -y is pre-changed to -i-:

But! If the verb ends in -y, and there is a vowel before that, then it simply adds the ending -s, -y remains unchanged: she plays.

It may be interesting: A book for practicing the use of sentences in Present Simple:

Source: https://speakenglishwell.ru/utverditelnye-predlozheniya-v-anglijskom-yazyke-s-primerami/

Syntactic and morphological parsing of a sentence or text online

Phonetic parsing of a word Parsing of a word by its composition Select cognate words Check uniqueness Check uniqueness of a site + spelling and quality Select synonyms for words Check spelling Recognize Stress a word Play cities

The service allows you to conduct automatic free syntactic and morphological parsing of a sentence or text online.

The service highlights the members of the sentence: subject, predicate, definition, addition, circumstance, above each word morphological information about the part of speech for a given word is given. When using the service, keep in mind that the correctness of parsing at the moment is about 80%, so the presented result should be thoroughly checked.

In the comments you can indicate the errors found, we will try to fix them

The letters E and E (two different letters), the presence of spelling and punctuation errors in the text affect the parsing result.

The results are stored for 7 days (save the address of the page with the parsing of your proposal).

Syntax concept

Syntax studies the structure of the text, the relationship between parts of speech, sentences and phrases. What are the specific topics covered by the syntax?

1. Correct construction and correct composition of sentences, as well as phrases.

2. Consideration of connecting words within syntactic units.

3. Topics related to syntactic units, their main role in the language.

4. Determination of the main and secondary members of the sentence, emphasis on the grammatical basis.

If we turn to the creation of the science of syntax, then we will have to delve into the 19th century. And the very prerequisites for the appearance of the term «syntax» appeared in the distant ancient world. People accepted parsing as something that could clarify a sentence and a long phrase. Over time, the syntax helped to parse not only individual parts, but also whole texts.

Understanding Sentence Parsing

All our speech is based on words that we constantly collect in one sentence. In order to understand the meaning, idea and message, it is important to conduct an analysis. So, in each passage there are special constituent parts.

Parsing includes the ability to find and highlight the main points in the text, while understanding exactly what each sentence is. It is divided into simple and complex. In addition, it is important to consider what type of connection is in the text. For example, there is coordination, control or adjoining.

Usually, for this, the main word is established, by which the meaning of the syntax is determined. Then, according to the rule, the time, mood, characters and the number of main members are determined.

Sentence members: subject, predicate, definition, circumstance, object

If there was no division into certain names, then it would be impossible to understand the essence of the syntax in speech at all. But, the Russian language was lucky. Here is everything you need to parse.

1. Subject. The main member of the sentence, without which our speech literally does not exist. It can be either an inanimate object or an ordinary living person. The only two questions that the subjects answer are «Who?» and what?».

   Often used as the subject of speech, it is a noun or a pronoun. It is necessary to highlight on the letter with one indissoluble line. See an example: my cat is very fond of milk. In this sentence, the subject will be the word «cat», expressed by an ordinary female noun.

   Or this example: he loves pizza and seafood. And here the male pronoun «he» will become the subject.

2. Predicate. Another important member of the proposal, which must be underlined with two inseparable lines. The main question that the predicate answers is «What to do?» and «What to do?», «What is?», «Who is he / What is he?» As a rule, in 80% of cases the predicate is a verb, i.e. action. For example: Mom loves flowers. In this sentence, the word «loves» is a predicate, since it is an action.

3. Addition. An important member in a proposal, but not the main one. On the contrary, addition is secondary. It refers to a subject that answers the question «What?» or «Who?» in the accusative case. Such a basis is underlined by a dotted line. Look: I am writing a letter, listening to a song. The word «song» will be a complement, since it is this word that answers the question of the accusative case.

4. Circumstance. An auxiliary part in the text, important for filling and colorful speech. There would be no given item — it would be boring, believe me. So, a circumstance is a quality, a feature that answers the question «Where?», «Why?», «When?», «How?» And here’s an example arrived in time: we left for Paris. Look, it wouldn’t be interesting to know that people just left. It is much more important to find out the information exactly where the direction was. Hence we find the circumstance «to Paris», which answers the question «Where?»

5. Definition. In order for the speech to be colorful, multifaceted, not boring and different, it is important to include definitions. They answer the question «What?», «What?». Often in speech, the definition is expressed by an adjective, i.e. part of speech that describes the subject inside and out. Take a look at an example: animals live in the deep jungle. The word «dense» is just a definition, since it answers the question «Which one?» helps to more specifically imagine and understand what exactly the jungle is.

How to parse a simple and complex sentence

To make it clearer, let’s take a few examples.

Parsing a simple sentence

1. Alexei was awarded a medal for courage, courage and heroism shown in fierce battles during the Great Patriotic War.

First, determine the basics in the sentence: the first part is the main one, since the main predicate is present here, and the second is a subordinate clause that complements what is said at the very beginning. The structure of the sentence is affirmative, declarative. There is no exclamation in terms of emotional connotation. Considering the basics, the proposal is simple, two-part and widespread. There is a complication here, which is highlighted with a comma — as you can see, the second part is clearly expressed by the participial phrase.

Parsing a complex sentence

1. Yesterday the English teacher didn’t write down the homework, the whole class didn’t do anything for today’s lesson.

Pay attention to the sentence, there is a narrative in it, i.e. contains a certain fact, a mini message. Judging by the emotional coloring, there is no exclamation. Having counted the grammatical foundations, we conclude that there are two of them. This means that the proposal is complex. Look: in the first part the basis of the word «the teacher did not write down», and in the second — «we did not do». There are no unions here either, which means that it is non-union, but with a comma that separates two important parts.

Here’s a good example of what the parsing of the two types of sentences looks like. We are taught in school the same way, just over time everything is forgotten.

Order of parsing

We are taught in different ways where to start the analysis. Someone thinks that it is a priority to give a general description of the proposal. Others, on the contrary, are of the opinion that it is important to define all the parts in the sentence, and only then proceed to the main characterization. It is best to compose the more correct option into a small memo, so that it will be more convenient for you to use it later.

1. To get started, read the original sentence carefully with a simple pencil in hand, determining what the purpose of the statement is.

2. After that, look carefully at the intonation, which is always written at the very end (question mark or exclamation point).

3. Now, find the composition of the sentence by highlighting the base with a pencil. It can be either a simple or a complex sentence.

4. See if there is a means of communication between the parts, i.e. unions that connect two parts.

5. Are there any minor members. If so, the proposal is considered widespread, i.e. includes different parts of speech.

6. If possible, find the revolutions. They are participles and participles.

It’s so easy to understand what parsing is. In fact, all this is not difficult if you learn and understand the execution algorithm. Remember how in the classroom we were often «chased» and forced to do our homework on syntax every time. Having filled his hand, each student will analyze the proposal in a matter of minutes and present it to the class.

And one more thing: never be afraid of big texts. Yes, they are equipped with huge basics, descriptions, moments and punctuation marks, but so they are colorful! We are more willing to imagine something in detail than a dry five-word sentence. So, don’t panic when you see a sentence that is full of basics and parts of speech.

But the parsing will turn out to be cumbersome, but as open as possible.

Morphological analysis of the word

Morphological parsing of a word is understood as a complete grammatical characteristic of a particular word form. In the course of this process, it is necessary to clearly determine to which part of speech the analyzed word must be attributed, what are its constant and variable features, and also in which form it should be used. In addition, the role of the word in a given sentence is determined.

Only words that are presented in a certain sentence are subject to morphological analysis. This is of great importance, since the spread of homonymy of forms, as well as parts of speech, is characteristic of the Russian language. It is almost impossible to give a correct description of a word that is presented in isolation, out of context.

The importance of morphological parsing of the word lies in the fact that grammatical categories are mastered faster, and they also become easily distinguishable in the process of practical activity.

When performing morphological parsing, you need to remember that not every word is characterized by the presence of a standard set of categories. In addition, it may be difficult to clearly identify a particular category.

Despite the fact that there are discrepancies in the field of morphological parsing of words, general requirements have been developed at the moment. First of all, you need to follow a clear algorithm. Subject to the established requirements, it is much easier to carry out morphological analysis of a word. If you deviate from the rules, then this will lead to errors during the analysis, since even the wrong order of parsing will bring chaos into the process.

Actions for morphological parsing of a word are carried out in the following sequence:

1. The word form of the word is recorded, which is analyzed — it should be indicated as it is used in the context, without subjecting it to any changes.

2. The initial form is defined for a word. Each part of speech is characterized by individual rules for bringing words into this form. For example, a noun is characterized by the presence of the nominative case and the singular. As for the verb, the indefinite form is always used here.

3. The grammatical meaning of the analyzed word is indicated as a part of speech. For example, for a noun it will be an object, and for a verb it will be an action.

4. The grammatical categories are defined which are immutable. Such categories are also based on parts of speech. If we consider a noun, then it can be proper and common. In addition, gender, declension, as well as animate and inanimate are used. The verb is characterized by the presence of reflexivity, transitivity, type and conjugation.

5. It is indicated in which form the word is used in the indicated context. The categories that change are determined solely by word form.

6. The syntactic role of the word in the specified sentence is determined. At the same time, this proposal is considered very carefully, since sometimes words perform those functions that are unusual for them. For example, a noun predominantly acts as a subject and object. As for the verb, it can be predicate.

If you adhere to this algorithm exactly, then it becomes much more convenient to carry out morphological analysis of any word. Moreover, it contributes to the high quality of the work performed on the morphological analysis of a particular word.

Source: https://progaonline.com/syntax

English clauses: classification and examples

The relative clauses in English are classified as follows:

Subject clauses

Subject clauses are introduced by the conjunctions who — who, what — what, that — who / what, where — where, when — when, which — which, if / whether — whether, how — how, why — why.

How they met still remains unknown. — Как they met, is still unknown.

What I think about him doesn’t matter. — That I think of him does not matter.

Predative clauses

The predicate clauses are introduced by the same unions, but refer to another member of the sentence.

The truth is That no one helped her when she was in need. — The truth is that no one helped her when she needed.

Subordinate clauses

Subordinate clauses are again introduced by the same unions.

Tell me what he did yesterday. — Tell me, that he did yesterday.

James said That he was happy to see us. — James said that
glad to see us.

Subordinate definitions

Subordinate definitions are introduced with a slightly different set of unions: who — who, which — which, that — which, whose — whose, why — why, where — where.

The place Where she lives is very picturesque. — A place, where she lives very picturesque.

The house That he bought last week is very expensive. — House, который he bought last week, very expensive.

Subordinate circumstances

Subordinate clauses are divided into several groups depending on what they express.

1. Cause: is introduced by unions since — because, because — because, as — because:

   As he was tired, he went to bed. — As he was tired, but went to bed.

   He went to bed Because he was tired. — He went to sleep, because was tired.

2. Consequence: introduced by the unions so — so that, that — what, so that — so:

   He checked online so he didn’t have to do it at the airport. — He checked in for the flight online, so that he didn’t have to do it at the airport.

3. Goal can be expressed in various ways:
   • Infinitive

Source: https://www.start2study.ru/english-grammar/subordinate-clauses/

How to write sentences in English correctly: rules and guidelines

 For success in mastering the English language, it is extremely important to understand its peculiarities of the arrangement of words and their sequence in sentences.

You probably think that this is very difficult and to master their device, you need to memorize a large number of poorly understood rules. Some theoretical knowledge is, of course, necessary, but everything can be explained in an accessible and easily understandable form.

We decided to present the topic of building English sentences as easily as possible and tried to make acquaintance with this material interesting. Let’s get started.

Classification of Sentence Members

First of all, it is necessary to understand what constituent parts a correctly constructed sentence consists of, that is, to clarify the question of which members of the sentence are necessary for writing or pronouncing it.

As you probably guess, any of the written or spoken sentences must carry a semantic load, and in order to convey it with maximum accuracy, the presence of the main and, providing additional information, non-main members is considered a necessary condition.

At a minimum, a sentence written in English should involve two main ones, represented by the subject and the predicate. These fundamental components cannot be dispensed with, so you need to consider them more closely.

Subjects

The subject is one of the most important components of the sentence, which, when answering questions such as «who?» and “what?” draws the main participant. This mission can be performed by pronouns or nouns, as well as proper names.

One of the most important features of English is that the location of a word within a sentence determines its functional features.

According to the rule, the subject is located earlier than the other main participant in the process, which bears the name of the predicate.

Predicate

Predictable is another main or main term that forms the foundation and is responsible for information about the action taking place. The questions answered are phrased as «what is doing?» or «what are they doing?» This responsibility is entrusted to the verbs.

Various constructions used to show grammatical tenses may require the addition of an auxiliary verb. A simple sentence can consist of a subject and a predicate, while the latter is necessarily located later than the first.

Other members will need to be involved to decorate the base with details.

Addition

An addendum is a non-main member of a sentence that answers questions in all cases except for the nominative. In sentences, they are located after the predicates. There is an additional division: additions that answer the questions «what?» and «whom?»

Definition

Definitions are words that appear immediately before the subjects or objects and, giving answers to such types of questions as «which?» or “whose?” reveal their qualities.

Circumstance

Circumstances may find a place for themselves at the beginning and at the end of sentences. Sometimes they can squeeze between the main members. They tell how, why, where or when the described action happened or is happening.

For clarity, we will illustrate everything using examples.

Examples of subjects expressed by nouns:

A snake — snakes;

A musician — musicians;

A building — buildings.

On the left are singular nouns, and on the right plurals.

It should be remembered that the presence of articles introduces some additional difficulties and there cannot be an indefinite article before plural nouns.

We have already mentioned that it is expressed by a verb and can be of two types:

• Auxiliary. This part of speech is used to express time. And this is a very important point if you need to make sentences in English. The auxiliary verb itself does not have such a meaning and is not translated into Russian in any way. However, his presence is necessary if the temporary form requires it. 

Example:

Source: https://tutskill.ru/predlozhenie/kak-pravilno-sostavit-predlozheniya-na-anglijskom-yazyke-pravila-i-rekomendatsii

Suggestions in English about the weather

Details Karina Galchenko Category: PRE-INTERMEDIATE

: 11 November 2015

76365

: 4/5

How should they look suggestions in English about the weather? There are a huge number of words and phrases on the Internet to help learners of English, but the difficulties arise precisely with the construction of sentences.

Talking about the weather is no exception due to the different perceptions of the world by the British and Russian speakers. Where one word sounds in the native language, a whole sentence appears in the foreign language.

In this article we will try to figure out how to correctly say «cold», «windy» and the like in the target language.

Basis of the sentence in English about the weather

Any grammatically correct statement (suggestions in English about the weather are no exception) subject and action must be present. This is not necessary in native Russian and this is why confusion can occur. For example, the Russian short sentence “It’s cold outside” will look completely different in English — “It is cold in the street”.

In this case, it plays the role of a subject, is — actions, and then everything that we wanted to say about the weather is already attached. The literal translation of this sentence into English will look like this: «It’s cold outside.» You need to get used to this, since otherwise it will be difficult to grammatically correctly express your thought about natural phenomena in English.

Remember one thing: most weather sentences begin with it, followed by the verb to be at the appropriate tense.

Weather sentences in English. Examples of

Below are some more typical weather suggestions in English.

Russian variant	weather suggestions in English
It’s snowing frequently in the winter.	It often snow in winter.
Look! Rain on the street!	look! It’s raining in the street!
Rainy weather.	the weather is rainy.
It is windy and damp today.	Itiswindy and wet today.
It was cloudy yesterday.	It was cloudy yesterday.
I think it will be warmer tomorrow.	I think itis going to be warmer tomorrow.
The temperature is 2 degrees below zero.	The temperature is2 degrees below zero.
The temperature is 25 degrees above zero.	The temperature is 25 degrees above zero.

It is important to understand that in a story about rain or snow in English there is no equivalent to the Russian phrases «it is snowing» or «it is raining». But there are two full verbs — rain (to rain) and snow (to snow). You just have to deliver them at the appropriate time. Also, adjectives are formed from these verbs — rainy (rainy) and snowy (snowy). With them, you can also build full-fledged proposals, starting with the IT + TO BE scheme (at the right time).

Words to help tell about the weather in English

Let’s move on to useful words that will help you even better. tell about the weather in English.

1) sunny, 2) clean (for example, about the sky); 3) gray, 4) foggy, 5) rainy, 6) icy, slippery; 7) calm,  stormy, stormy; 9) soft, 10) warm, 11) cool, fresh; 12) cold, 13) frosty, 14) windy (light breeze, breeze); 15) hot, 16) cloudy, 17) drizzling (rain), 18) important, damp; 19) snowy, 20) dry, 21) windy.

You are now ready to compose your own weather sentences in English. Why not start now? What is the weather today?

Source: http://fluenglish.com/stati/studentam-na-zametku/353-predlozheniya-na-anglijskom-pro-pogodu.html

Word order in an English sentence. Exercises for beginners

Order of words in a sentencecorresponding to the scheme,

called DIRECT. Read more about this: Word order in English sentences (for beginners)

Word order in an English sentence. Exercises

The exercises below contain sentences in simple tenses: Present Simple — real simple, Past Simple —  past simple and Future Simple — the future is simple. These times roughly correspond to the times in the Russian language. General schemes for constructing sentences in these times are shown in the table below.

Word order exercises for beginners

Exercise 1. Arrange the words in the correct order. 1. good, I, student, am, a.

2. famous, he, footballer, is a? *

3. Mary, very, looks, happy. 4. The dolls, very, are, pretty. 5. clever, she, girl, is, a.6. Bella, a, is, not, good, cat. 7. sings, well, he. 8. will, rain, it, soon.9. listened to, teacher, the, they.

10. English, have, they, Wednesday, on.

* In an interrogative English sentence, the word order CHANGES. Permutation (or INVERSION) is a characteristic feature of the English interrogative sentence at ANY TIME. Skip this for now or read more: How to ask a question in English.

* * *

Exercise 2. Arrange the words in the correct order. 1. Sunday, went, to the Zoo, we, on. 2. How, do, have, pets, they, many? 3. Not, I, will, see, friend, soon, my.4. he, what, do, will, weekends, at? 5. Uses, the, at, work, he, computer. 6. does, he, not, know, the girl. 7. English, they, not, do, study. 8. was, I, not, school, at, yesterday. 9. there, many, people, in, the, were, park.

10.at, cinema, the, were, they, week, last.

* * *

Exercise 3. Arrange the words in the correct order. 1. in, town, are, there, houses, a lot of. 2. go, yesterday, they, did, where? 3. country, usually, goes, with, Mary, to, who, the? 4. what, banana, color, is, a? 5. are, leaves, there, on, trees, the, no.6. there, is, a, dog, door, near, the.7. snow, it, winter, last, didn’t. 8. book, was, interesting, very, the.9. can, draw, well, they.

10.we, not, must, eat, on the bus.

* * *

Exercise 4. Translate sentences in Present Simple into English. Do not forget that the word order in the English sentence is DIRECT. 1. I go to work every day 2. I get up at 7 o’clock. 3. My brother reads in the evening. 4. I speak English well 5. I love candy! 6. My sister loves dogs. 7. Children play with the dog every day.

8. We usually arrive home at 2 o’clock.

ANSWERS

Answers are available only to users who have assisted the site.

Source: http://englishinn.ru/poryadok-slov-v-angliyskom-predlozhenii-uprazhneniya-dlya-nachinayushhih.html

How to «build» sentences in English and understand all temporal forms? | sentence structure in English — SPEAK ENGLISH

Knowing how a sentence is constructed in English is a fundamental key to speaking correctly in English. Having well understood the principles of constructing English sentences of different types, you can easily operate with different times, ask questions correctly, and speak English faster.

How to make sentences in English without mistakes?

The topic of sentence structures in English is key in the study of the entire grammar of this language. Without knowing this topic, you will not be able to learn others.

Therefore, if you have just started learning English, then you need to pay attention to writing sentences first. This is quite easy, because English sentences are in many ways similar to Russian ones, with the exception of some peculiarities, which will definitely be written about in this article.

Be patient, start studying, and you will definitely learn how to write English sentences.

What does an English sentence consist of?

As already mentioned, English sentences are very similar to Russian ones. Namely, its composition and members of the proposal.

The English sentence consists of:

• The subject;
• Predictable;
• Minor members of the proposal:
• Definitions;
• Supplements;
• Circumstances.

In this case, the word order in an English sentence is always straightforward, that is, first comes the subject, then the predicate, and only then the other members of the sentence (in Russian, the order can be any). It is worth paying special attention to this.

It is also worth noting that there is always a predicate in an English sentence. Even if this sentence is of the «I’m a student» type.

Subject matter

The first term in the sentence to be examined. The subject — in a sentence, is a person who performs an action himself (active voice) or over whom an action is performed (passive voice).

It can be expressed:

• Noun;
• Personal pronoun;
• An indefinite pronoun.

Nouns will always appear at the beginning of a sentence (except for questions), be in the singular or plural, and have definite or indefinite articles (sometimes it may not be present).

Diagram:

Subject + predicate + complement.

examples:

• I study at school with my best friends. — I go to school with my best friends.
• my motherwill go to the shop tomorrow. — My mom will go to the store tomorrow.
• My friend`sa cats to play with the toys. — My friend’s cat loves to play with toys.
• Wedo not (don’t) do homework every day. — We don’t like doing homework every day.
• A book was taken in our local university. — The book was borrowed from our local library.

Rules for constructing sentences in English

Each sentence in English has its own rules and construction features that must be learned. This will be quite an easy task, just like the rules themselves.

Affirmative sentences in English

The main form of English sentences, from which question and negation are already formed.

Unlike Russian in English, you can only use the direct word order and you cannot change it at will. There are twelve active forms of affirmative sentences and eight passive (all according to their tenses) that you need to know to build sentences correctly.

In order to correctly construct sentences in English, you need to know all the times, because there is no general formula as such, but it can be represented as follows:

The word that is the subject + predicate (the form of the verb to be according to the tense used and the semantic verb) + other members of the sentence.

Examples of declarative sentences:

• I know what I should do. “I know what I should do.
• Peter’s parents are divorced and he lives with his mother. — Peter’s parents are divorced, and he lives with his mother.
• The book will be bought next week by my best friend Ben… “The book will be bought next week by my best friend Ben.

Source: https://eng911.ru/rules/grammar/sostavlenie-predlozhenij.html

Types of sentences in English

English is an analytical language in which word order matters, so learning syntax is very important. Before studying the rules for constructing sentences and word order, you need to get acquainted with the basic types of sentences.

There are two classifications of sentences in English:

• According to the purpose of the statement — why the complete thought is pronounced.
• By structure — how the word order in a sentence is built.

 English sentences for the purpose of the utterance

Depending on the purpose of the statement, sentences are divided into:

1. Declarative — they express a thought in an affirmative or negative form (without strong emotions).
2. Affirmative

I want some juice. — I want juice.

• Negative — with the particle «not» or negative words (never, neithernor, no)

I don’t want to think about it. “I don’t want to think about it.

For declarative sentences, direct word order is characteristic.

1. Interrogative

Have you seen this film? — Have you seen this movie?

Interrogative sentences are built according to the principle of inversion, the place before the subject is occupied by an auxiliary verb.

Interrogative sentences are divided into:

• General — require a «yes» or «no» answer.

Do you have any brothers? — You have brothers?

• Special (wh-question or special) — in their structure have question words «when», «where», «who», «how» and others.

When did you finish school? — When did you graduate from school?

• Alternative — two options are expressed in the question.

Do you comedies or horror films? — Do you like comedy or horror movies?

• Dividing (tag-question or disjunctive) is a clarification question in which the main part is in direct word order, and the question is contained in the second part.

We’ll manage to do it, won’t we? — We can handle this, right?

1. Imperative — express requests, orders, invitations.

 Leave the room immediately. — Leave the room immediately.

Exclamatory (exclamatory) — express strong emotions, at the end of the sentence is an exclamation mark.

 You are fired! — You’re fired!

English sentences for structure

The classification of proposals by structure includes:

1. Simple (simple) — consist of one complete thought.

• Unextended includes only the subject and the predicate, no minor members.

I am driving. — I’m driving a car.

• Extended — there are additions, definitions and other minor members in the sentence.

I’m walking in the park with Julia. — I’m walking in the park with Julia.

1. Complex — consist of several parts.

• Compound — parts of a sentence are equivalent, do not depend on each other.

I don’t walking alone but from time to time I ask John to come with me. “I don’t like walking alone, but sometimes I ask John to come with me.

• Complex — parts of a sentence depend on each other, have a causal or other relationship. The main clause is called the «principal clause» and the subordinate clause is called the «subordinate clause». 

I don’t to walk alone, because it’s boring. — I don’t like walking alone because it’s boring.

In the classification of complex sentences, conditional sentences are distinguished, with special construction rules. They, in turn, are divided into four types:

• Zero conditional is an inevitable, known event in the present time.

If you heat water up to 100 degrees, it boils. — If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils.

• The first type (first conditional) is an expected, real event in the future.

If you return him the book, he will forgive you. “If you return the book to him, he will forgive you.

• The second type (second conditional) is an unlikely event in the future or present.

If I had a lot of money, I would buy a house. — If I had a lot of money, I would buy a house.

• The third type (third conditional) is an unreal event in the past.

If you had returned his book, he would have forgiven you. “If you had returned the book to him then, he would have forgiven you.

Source: https://lingua-airlines.ru/kb-article/vidy-predlozheniya-v-anglijskom-yazyke/

English Sentence Structure — Word order in affirmative and negative sentences

A sentence (in both English and Russian) is a complete thought. It starts with a capital letter and ends with a full stop:

We are at home. — We’re home.
John’s good food. — John likes good food.

What does the offer consist of?

Both in Russian and in English, a sentence can consist of the following members: subject, predicate, object or complement, adverbial modifier and attribute.

At the our lessons teachers use various interesting materials. — In the classroom, our teachers use a variety of interesting materials.

our — definition, refers to the word «teachers»

teachers — subject
use — predicate (verb)
materials — addition
various interesting — two definitions related to the word «materials» at the lessons — circumstance

Which sentence members are required in English?

In Russian, there may be a sentence without a subject and / or without a predicate: “This is a pen.«; «Late.«,»I’m cold«.

In all sentences of the English language, both the subject and the predicate are required. Compare with the examples above: “It is a pen.«»It is late.«»I’m cold.«

The rest of the members of the proposal may be absent (they are called minor members of the proposal).

We arrived. — We arrived.
We — subject, arrived — predicate (verb).

We arrived in the morning.
in the morning — circumstance of time

We arrived at a small station. — We arrived at a small station.
at a small station — circumstance of place
small (small) — definition, clarifying word station (station)

Word order in an English sentence

In English, a fixed word order. That is, each member of the proposal is in its own specific place. In Russian, in almost all parts of speech there are endings, with the help of which the categories of time, gender, number, etc. are expressed. Therefore, the word order in the Russian sentence is free.

English belongs to a different language type and has practically no endings. But the need to express all those categories that the Russian language expresses remains. Therefore, the solution was found in a fixed word order.

This makes the English language more «logical», similar to simple mathematical formulas, which undoubtedly makes it easier to learn.

Compare: (2) I rarely watch (1) I (3) TV on weekdays.

(1) I seldom (2) watch (3) TV on week-days

Word order in an affirmative sentence

In an affirmative sentence, in the first place is subordinate,
In second place — predicate,
on the third — secondary members of the proposal.

(1) We (2) are (3) in the center of Moscow now.
We (are) in the center of Moscow now.

(1) Julia (2) is (3) a very nice girl.
Julia (is) a very nice girl.

Negative sentence word order

In a negative sentence, the word order is the same as in the affirmative, but only after the verb is the negative particle not.

(1) I (2) am Note   (3) hungry.
I am not hungry.

(1) The children (2) are Note   (3) attentive
Children are not (are) attentive.

Remarks:

1. Some minor members of the sentence may change their location depending on what the speaker wants to emphasize first.

   Most often, circumstances may change their place in the sentence.

   We usually go home together. — We usually we go home together.
   Usually we go home together. — Usually we go home together.

2. There are impersonal sentences in Russian. That is, sentences in which only the subject or only the predicate is present. In English, both main members of the sentence must be present in a sentence. To express impersonal sentences in English, the turnover It is is used (it is),
   where It — subject, and Is — predicate.

   It is cold. — Coldly. (It’s cold)
   It is late. — Late. (It’s late)

3. In colloquial speech, phrases that are not complete sentences can and are used:

   — Hello! How are you? — Hey! How are you doing?
   — (I am) Fine, thanks! — Thank you, OK!

Source: https://www.study.ru/courses/elementary/predlozhenie

Sentences in English: word order and terms

Greetings to future connoisseurs of the English language! Friends, you’ve probably heard more than once about such a phenomenon in the English language as a fixed word order. And it represents a strict adherence to the position in the proposal of its members.

And then a problem arises — how much do you know about the members of a sentence in English? This is not to say that the grammatical concept of «member of a sentence» differs in many respects from that in Russian, but after making a brief overview, you will undoubtedly discover some useful information or simply refresh your memory of the grammatical material that you studied in school. Let’s get started!

There is a certain word order in an English sentence

English sentences: construction rules and members

The main difference between English declarative sentences and Russian ones is that in English you cannot arrange words as you please, and the sentence formula indicating the strict word order is as follows:

Subject + predicate + complement + circumstance of place + circumstance of time

Of course, this formula is not absolute. Some members may be absent in both English and Russian sentences, or, on the contrary, additional ones may appear, for example:

• circumstances of the course of action
• cause and effect and others

The priority of circumstances in proposals will be discussed a little later.

If in Russian there are sentences without a subject, then in English — the presence of a subject is mandatory

For example, the Russian version of the absence of a subject:

• I see — the city has become so beautiful!

In the English version, the literal translation will be incorrect, here the pronoun «I» must be present:

• I see the city has become so beautiful!

Let us now take a closer look at the important building blocks of sentences.

Subject and predicate are the grammatical basis of the sentence.

The Subject

Subject — a member of the sentence that names the subject in question

The subject in English answers the question:

The subject in English can be expressed:

• noun
• numerative
• a pronoun
• gerund (non-personal form of the verb)
• infinitive

John is a pupil. — John (who?) Is a student.
The book was on the desk. — The book (what?) Was on the table.

The Predicate (Predictable)

The predicate denotes what is said about the subject, that is, what action it performs. Therefore, it is in close connection with the subject and is consistent with it.

The predicate in English answers the questions:

• what does the subject do
• what happens to the subject
• who is the subject / object (subject)

Mary studies. — Mary is studying. (What is Mary doing?)
The letter was burned. — The letter was burned. (What happened to the letter?)
Ann is a housewife. — Anna is a housewife. (Who is Anna?)

This member of the sentence in English has many nuances, so let’s stop to consider them without putting it in a long box.

The predicate is of two types:

A simple predicate is expressed by a personal verb and can be in any of the tenses, inclinations and moods

He s this song. — He loves this song.

To avoid misunderstandings that may arise, it should be understood that a simple predicate can consist of several components, provided that they are constituents of the same verb form.

We are writing a test. — We are writing a test.
She had been writing a letter. — She wrote a letter.

The compound predicate is subdivided into two more types:

• Composite verb predicate
• The compound nominal predicate

Composite verb predicate forms its forms according to two schemes:

1. Modal verb (can, ought to, may etc.) + infinitive
   • I can read English. — I can read in English
2. Verb (expressing the beginning, continuation or end of an action) + infinitive / gerund
   • I began to study at the University of St. Nicolas. — I started studying at St. Nicholas University
   • It continued snowing. — The snow continued to fall
   • He has finished reading the story. — He finished reading the story

The compound nominal predicate is formed according to the following scheme:

Verb bunch to be (to be) in any of the tenses + a nominal part, which can be:

• noun
• pronoun
• numeral
• Communion
• infinitive
• adverb,
• gerund

• My dad is a pilot. — My father is a pilot (+ noun)
• The wall is high. — High wall (+ adjective)
• She is forty-two. — She is 42 years old (+ numeral)
• The game is over. — Game over (+ adverb)
• His heart is broken. — His heart is broken (+ participle)
• His goal was traveling the world. — His goal was to travel the world (+ gerund)

The Object (Addition)

An addendum is a member of a sentence that denotes an object or person that is exposed to

Supplement in English answers a huge number of questions:

• Whom — whom
• what — what
• to whom — to whom
• by whom — by whom
• about what — about what, etc.

It can be direct, indirect and prepositional.

A direct object names a person or an object to which the action, expressed by a transitive verb, goes directly. Questions answered:

I read an article. — I’m reading the article.

An indirect addition in English indicates the addressee or the person for whose sake the action is being performed. The indirect addition answers the questions:

• to whom — to whom
• for whom — for whom
• to what — what

Source: https://englishfull.ru/grammatika/chleni-predlozheniya.html

Enjoy learning English online with Puzzle English for free

The rules for constructing sentences in English are quite strict. Unlike the Russian language, there is a clear word order. If you know the basic construction of an English sentence, you can construct any phrase.

The members of the sentence in English, as in Russian, are divided into major and minor.

The main members of the sentence are those thanks to which the grammatical basis of the statement is formed. Without them, the proposal would not make sense. The main members are subject and predicate.

examples:

(Who?) They (what did they do?) Thought. — They thought.

Who?) The cat (what is it doing?) Is coming. — The cat is going.

(What?) The apple (what will it do?) Will fall. — The apple will fall.