ETC Full Form
Dear Friends, do you want to know what is the full form of ETC is? If yes, then you are at the right place, because here you will not only get the all possible Full Form of ETC but also get detailed information about ETC.
Not only this, but you will also come to know the Meaning of ETC here.
In eFull Forms, you will get complete information about the acronym of ETC or abbreviation of ETC related to all terminology. So, let’s find out all possible ETC Full Form and it’s meanings here.
ETC Full Form
The term ETC has many full forms, but out of which most relevant ETC Full Form is –
ETC – et cetera
What Does ETC Stand For?
ETC stands for – et cetera
What is ETC Meaning
The term ETC can be used for many purposes, but the most relevant meaning of ETC is – et cetera
All Full Forms of ETC
By now, you must have got some idea about the Full-Forms and meaning of ETC.
However, the list is not ending here, if you like to know similar full-forms of ETC, then this site contains various Full-Forms related to Government, Computing, Telecommunication, Medical, Space Science, Education, and various categorize like these.
Here is the complete Full-Form list of the term ETC.
Note: For your convenience, you can “Search” in this table what you want by typing in the search bar.
| Sr. No. | Term | Category | ETC Full Forms |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ETC | Uncategorized | E Training Center |
| 2 | ETC | Juridical | Early Thirties Crime |
| 3 | ETC | NASA – Space | Earth Terrain Camera |
| 4 | ETC | Educational | Earthquake Test Center |
| 5 | ETC | Uncategorized | Earthquake Test Centre |
| 6 | ETC | Local – Railway | East Texas Central Railroad |
| 7 | ETC | NASA – Space | Eastern Tracking Center |
| 8 | ETC | Information Technology | Eat the computer |
| 9 | ETC | Uncategorized | Eclectic Traditional and Classic |
| 10 | ETC | Uncategorized | Editable Text Configuration |
| 11 | ETC | Voluntary Organization | Educate The Children |
| 12 | ETC | Educational | Education and Training Center |
| 13 | ETC | Educational | Education, Traditions, and Celebrations |
| 14 | ETC | Educational | Educational Technology Clearinghouse |
| 15 | ETC | Educational | Educational Technology Committee |
| 16 | ETC | Educational | Educational Technology Consortium |
| 17 | ETC | Educational | Educational Theatre Company |
| 18 | ETC | Educational | Educational Training Center |
| 19 | ETC | Uncategorized | Eldorado touring coupe |
| 20 | ETC | Uncategorized | Electron transfer chain |
| 21 | ETC | Educational | Electron Transport Chain |
| 22 | ETC | Educational | Electronic Theatre Controls |
| 23 | ETC | Transportation | Electronic Toll Collection |
| 24 | ETC | Products | Electronic Touch Cereal |
| 25 | ETC | Educational | Electronic Transaction Clearing |
| 26 | ETC | Educational | Electronic Transaction Clearinghouse |
| 27 | ETC | Educational | Electronic Transmission Control |
| 28 | ETC | Navy | Electronics Technician Chief Petty Officer |
| 29 | ETC | Army | Electro-Thermal Chemical |
| 30 | ETC | Information Technology | Eligible Telecommunications Carrier |
| 31 | ETC | Uncategorized | Elite Tauren Chieftain |
| 32 | ETC | Uncategorized | Elite Tauren Chieftan |
| 33 | ETC | Companies or Organizations | Ellerby Telephone Company |
| 34 | ETC | Information Technology | Emergency Telecommunications Cluster |
| 35 | ETC | Information Technology | Emerging Technology Center |
| 36 | ETC | Information Technology | Emerging Technology Centers |
| 37 | ETC | Employment | Employee Training Center |
| 38 | ETC | Transportation | Employee Transportation Coordinator |
| 39 | ETC | Uncategorized | Encyclopedia Of Triangle Centers |
| 40 | ETC | Internet – Chat | End of Thinking Capacity |
| 41 | ETC | Local – Countries | Energy Talent and Commitment |
| 42 | ETC | Educational | Engineering Teaching Center |
| 43 | ETC | Information Technology | Engineering Technology Centers |
| 44 | ETC | Army | Enhanced Tactical Computer |
| 45 | ETC | Information Technology | Enhanced Telecommunications Corporation |
| 46 | ETC | Army | Enhanced Terminal Capability |
| 47 | ETC | Educational | Enhanced Throughput Cellular |
| 48 | ETC | Information Technology | Entertainment Technology And Economics |
| 49 | ETC | Information Technology | Entertainment Technology Center |
| 50 | ETC | Information Technology | Entertainment Technology Civilization |
| 51 | ETC | Environmental | Environmental Technology Control |
| 52 | ETC | AMEX Symbols | Environmental Tectonics Corporation |
| 53 | ETC | Environmental | Environmental Training Center |
| 54 | ETC | Travel & Tourism | Environmental Traveling Companions |
| 55 | ETC | Toronto Stock Exchange | Equitable Group Incorporated |
| 56 | ETC | Uncategorized | Ericsson Texture Compression |
| 57 | ETC | Educational | Erosion Technology and Concentration |
| 58 | ETC | Uncategorized | ESRD Treatment Choices |
| 59 | ETC | Manufacturing | Estimate To Complete |
| 60 | ETC | NASA – Space | Estimate To Completion |
| 61 | ETC | Normal Business | Estimated Time of Completion |
| 62 | ETC | Uncategorized | Estimated Time to Complete |
| 63 | ETC | Normal Business | Estimated Time to Completion |
| 64 | ETC | Latin | ET Cetera |
| 65 | ETC | Educational | Et Cetera (and also) |
| 66 | ETC | Companies or Organizations | Etcetera Type Company |
| 67 | ETC | Forum | European Test Conference |
| 68 | ETC | Local – European | European Theatre Convention |
| 69 | ETC | Local – European | European Transient Cycle |
| 70 | ETC | Local – European | European Travel Commission |
| 71 | ETC | Companies or Organizations | Evaluation Techniques Corporation |
| 72 | ETC | Local | Evangelism Training Conference |
| 73 | ETC | Uncategorized | Event Triggered Cameras |
| 74 | ETC | Uncategorized | Everything That Controls |
| 75 | ETC | Companies or Organizations | Everything Type Company |
| 76 | ETC | Companies or Organizations | Everything?Type?Company |
| 77 | ETC | Normal Business | Excellence Training For Clericals |
| 78 | ETC | Educational | Excellence, Training, and Capability |
| 79 | ETC | Uncategorized | Exchange Traded Commodity |
| 80 | ETC | Occupation & Positions | Executive Transaction Coordinators |
| 81 | ETC | Information Technology | Existing Transmission Commit |
| 82 | ETC | Society | Experience The Creativity |
| 83 | ETC | Information Technology | Experiential Technologies Center |
| 84 | ETC | NASA – Space | Experiment Test Cycle |
| 85 | ETC | Performing Arts | Experimental Theater Club |
| 86 | ETC | International Business | Export Trading Company |
| 87 | ETC | Uncategorized | Exposure Time Calculator |
ETC- et cetera
Etc is a shortening for et cetera and is characterized as significance, and so on. A case of the utilization of “etc.” is in the sentence, “It would be ideal if you get a few organic products, for example, oranges, apples, and etc.”
Etc Koine is a piece of Greek ὶατὰ ἕτε αρα (kai ta hetera) which signifies ‘and different things’. The common current Greek structure is ιαι Modernα λοι k (kai ta loipá), ‘and the rest’.
- USP Full Form
Final Words:
So, friends, I hope you get what you want to know about ETC. If you want more information about ETC, please let me know through comments, or you can write me an email.
Do you want to know the full forms of the term other than ETC? Then please ask by comments or email. Your valuable comments are always welcome.
Category filter:
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1
ETC
ETC, Бр Emergency Training Center
————————
ETC, engineer training camp
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ETC, estimated time of completion
————————
ETC, European Translation Center
English-Russian dictionary of planing, cross-planing and slotting machines > ETC
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2
etc.
ETC.
Etc. является сокращением латинского et cetera, означающего ‘и так далее, и другие’, и поэтому никогда не употребляется с предшествующим and. Etc. обычно читается and so forth.
Difficulties of the English language (lexical reference) English-Russian dictionary > etc.
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3
etc
Персональный Сократ > etc
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4
ETC
English-Russian dictionary of modern abbreviations > ETC
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5
etc.
etc.
et cetera
лат.
и так далее, и тому подобное
English-Russian dictionary of modern abbreviations > etc.
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6
etc.
etc., et cetera
и т.д., и так далее
English-Russian dictionary of program «Mir-Shuttle» > etc.
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7
etc.
и т.д.
сокращение:и т.д. (etc.)
и т.п. (etc.)
Англо-русский синонимический словарь > etc.
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8
ETC
- усовершенствованная передача данных с исправлением ошибок
- технический центр по осуществлению мероприятий в аварийных ситуациях
- расчётное время окончания (работы)
- подуровень кодирования ethernet
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > ETC
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9
ETC
Англо-русский словарь терминов по депозитарному хранению и клирингу > ETC
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10
ETC
* * *
: ETC
электронное подтверждение сделок: система немедленного безбумажного подтверждения сделок на финансовых рынках; в настоящее время существуют три независимые системы — «OASYS Global», «TRAX», «SEQUAL» (Великобритания).: ETC
экспортная торговая компания: компания, специализирующаяся на экспорте, предоставлении услуг по развитию экспорта (маркетинг, реклама, страхование, валютно-кредитное услуги, склады).* * *
Англо-русский экономический словарь > ETC
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11
etc.
«и так далее», «и тому подобное» ().
* * *
Англо-русский экономический словарь > etc.
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12
etc.
et cetera (etc.)
лат.и так далее (и т. д.), и прочее
Англо-русский универсальный дополнительный практический переводческий словарь И. Мостицкого > etc.
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13
ETC
1) [enhanced throughout cellular] протокол усовершенствованной сотовой связи, протокол ETC
2) [enhanced time counter] счётчик рабочего времени и-времени использования батареи (электро)питания
English-Russian electronics dictionary > ETC
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14
ETC
1)
enhanced throughout cellular протокол усовершенствованной сотовой связи, протокол ETC
2)
enhanced time counter счётчик рабочего времени и времени использования батареи (электро)питания
The New English-Russian Dictionary of Radio-electronics > ETC
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15
etc.
• et cetera (etc.)
and others; and so on
и тому подобное; и так далееEnglish-Russian mini useful dictionary > etc.
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16
ETC
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > ETC
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17
etc
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > etc
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18
etc.
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > etc.
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19
etc
[etʹset(ə)rə]
и т. д., и т. п.
НБАРС > etc
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20
ETC
extraterrestrial communications
Англо-русский словарь технических терминов > ETC
Страницы
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См. также в других словарях:
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Etc…TV — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Etc…medios S.A. Nombre público Etc…TV Eslogan Todo pasa x ETC Tipo Television por cable Programación Infantil y Juvenil Propietario Telefilms Ltda. Inicio de tr … Wikipedia Español
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Etc — Etc. Pour les articles homonymes, voir Cetera (homonymie). Le Canada, ou Nouvelle France, c … Wikipédia en Français
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Etc… — Etc. Pour les articles homonymes, voir Cetera (homonymie). Le Canada, ou Nouvelle France, c … Wikipédia en Français
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/etc — (от лат. et cetera и так далее) директория стандарта FHS, содержащая конфигурационные файлы большинства системных утилит и программ UNIX подобных ОС. Редактирование этих файлов влечёт за собой изменения для всех пользователей… … Википедия
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etc — 1. This is an abbreviation of the Latin phrase et cetera meaning ‘and other things of the same kind’, and is pronounced et set ǝr ǝ or et set rǝ, despite the temptation to articulate the first syllable ek on the analogy of words such as ecstasy… … Modern English usage
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Etc. — etc. У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Etc. Иное название этого понятия «Et cetera»; см. также другие значения. Le Canada, ou Nouvelle France, c … Википедия
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Etc… — Etc… Saltar a navegación, búsqueda etc. es un canal de televisión canadiense. Este canal se ve por televisión por cable canadiense y tiene su página de internet,tiene diferentes secciones y se puede encontrar en inglés o en francés. Su insignia … Wikipedia Español
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etc. — etc. also etc BrE [et ˈsetərə] adv et cetera used in writing after a list to show that there are many other similar things or people that you could have added ▪ a shop which sells cards, calendars, wrapping paper etc etc etc (=used when you are… … Dictionary of contemporary English
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ETC — Pays Québec Langue français, Périodicité trimestrielle … Wikipédia en Français
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Etc — etc: В Викисловаре есть статья «etc» etc. сокращение латинского выражения et cetera, означающего «и другие», «и тому подобное», «и так далее». Ставится в конце … Википедия
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etc. — etc. [ et set(ə)rə ] abbreviation used after a list of things to mean and others of the same type, when you do not want to mention everything: The children can try playing music, dancing, painting etc. etc. etc. used as a way of avoiding… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
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ETC stands for et ceteraLatin [and other similar things]. It is a term related to Academic & Science or language & linguistics, Useful Terms and Definitions which we use in daily life but we do not know their full name, Here’s a list of important abbreviations that you should know.
| Acronym | Full Form |
| ETC | et ceteraLatin [and other similar things] |
| Category | language & linguistics |
| Region | Worldwide |
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The full form of ETC is the et ceteraLatin [and other similar things]. Et cetera (etc. or etc.) is a Latin expression that means “and other similar things” or “and so on.” It is used at the end of the list to indicate the continuation of the list of related items.For example, they ask for your personal information – age, gender, nationality, etc.Other full forms of ETC-:
| FULL FORMS | CATEGORIES |
|---|---|
| Electronic Toll Collection | Internet |
| Educate The Children | Educations |
| Export Trading Company | Brand |
| Employee Transportation Coordinator | General |
| Eligible Telecommunications Carrier | Telecommunications |
| Enhanced Telecommunications Corporation | Telecommunications |
| Existing Transmission Commit | networking |
Here you learn the full name and complete information of et ceteraLatin [and other similar things], if you have questions and answers related to ETC, then tell us your thoughts in the comment, know the complete meaning of ETC in this article.
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Related Full Forms List:
- TMC Full Form
- COD Full Form
- BC Full Form
Which is the full form of the word etc?
What is the full form etc.? etc – Et cetera Et cetera is a Latin phrase that means “and other things” or “and so on.” It is used to express a number of similar things related to discussion, which can be omitted from the phrase when writing, etc. etc. It has been added to almost all English dictionaries to present such discussions. What is the full form of’et cetera’?
What’s the full form etc? Et cetera is a Latin expression that means “and other things” or “and so on.” It is used to express a number of similar things related to discussion, which can be omitted from an expression by writing etc. etc. It has been added to almost all English dictionaries to present such discussions. When do you use the word’etc’in a sentence?
It is used to express a number of similar things related to discussion, which can be omitted from an expression by writing etc. etc. It has been added to almost all English dictionaries to present such discussions.
- Top Definitions
- Quiz
- Examples
- British
abbreviation
and others; and so forth; and so on (used to indicate that more of the same sort or class might have been mentioned, but for brevity have been omitted): You can leave your coats, umbrellas, etc., at the door.
QUIZ
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Which sentence is correct?
Origin of etc.
Words nearby etc.
etamine, etaoin shrdlu, eta particle, étape, etatism, etc., etcetera, etceteras, etch, etchant, etched in stone
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2023
How to use etc. in a sentence
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Will you work with Jenny Slate, John Daly, John Mulaney, etc. moving forward?
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Others on the RSD forum would deconstruct his approach: “too aggressive,” “too many questions,” “nervousness in your voice,” etc.
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“Sanctuary for all, community for all, etc, etc.” So he was on the road to community, you know?
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Every other kind of influence-buying, such as spending to achieve influence, gratitude, access, etc., is just fine.
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But from there we had Watergate, stagflation, oil embargos, eroding American power in the world, growing income inequality, etc.
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Serrano closes by answering certain questions about prebends, curacies, etc.
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Other orchestra leaders are always writing and begging him to lend them his copies of Oratorios, etc.
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It may be a forerunner or successor, the cause or consequence, or a contemporaneous fact, etc.
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(a) Poor nutrition, which usually accompanies unsanitary conditions, poor and insufficient food, etc.
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Another week was spent fighting over running powers, facilities, etc., and I was in the witness box again.
British Dictionary definitions for etc.
Collins English Dictionary — Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition
© William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins
Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012
You may have seen the word etc. in lists, at the end of sentences, and so on. What does this abbreviation mean? Keep reading to learn more about etc.
What Does Etc. Stand For?
According to Collins English Dictionary, the term etc. is an abbreviation for et cetera. You can use it at the end of a list to mean “and so on” or “and so forth” to indicate that similar things should be included in the list. You can use etc. in lists of people, places, things, adjectives, or any other topic. You place “etc.” at the end of a sentence following a comma.
What Are Translations of the Word Et Cetera?
The word et cetera stems from Latin, which is a root language that has spawned many languages around the world. By referencing this list of translations of et cetera from Nice Translator, you can see which of these translations might have Latin influence.
- Cantonese – 諸如此類
- Chinese | T – 諸如此類
- Turkish – Etcetera
- Vietnamese – vân vân
- Maltese – etcetera
- Greek – και τα λοιπά
- Icelandic – etcetera
- Arabic – اخره
- Ukrainian – etcetera
- Russian – и так далее
- Slovenian – etcetera
- Polish – Etcetera
- Catalan – Etcétera
- Welsh – etcetera
- Swedish – Etc
- Bulgarian – etcetera
- Serbian – Itd
- Italian – eccetera
- Portuguese – Etc
- Afrikaans – etcetera
- Romanian – etcetera
- Lithuanian – Etcetera
- Korean – 등등
- Chinese | S – 诸如此类
- French – etcetera
- Dutch – enzovoorts
- Norwegian – Etcetera
- Czech – atd
- Danish – Osv
- Thai – etcetera
- Croatian – Etcetera
- Persian – غیره
- German – und so weiter
- Hindi – वगैरह
- Swahili – etcetera
- Malay – etcetera
- Japanese – エトセトラ
- Spanish – etcétera
- Estonian – etcetera
- Latvian – Etcetera
- Slovak – etcetera
- Hebrew – וכו’.
- Hungarian – Satöbbi
- Finnish – ja niin edelleen
What Are Example Sentences Containing the Word Etc?
Etc. can be used in a number of sentences and frequently comes at the end of a list. Sometimes this list is at the end of a sentence, but sometimes it is in the middle. See if you can spot when etc. is used in either way:
In order to study for her vocabulary quiz, she rewrote her definitions and pronunciation, wrote down example sentences, listed synonyms, listed antonyms, etc.
She was on multiple social media sites like Facebook, Twitter, etc.
The list of human beings present at the fair included everyone: investors, adults, kids, etc.
She had a long list of allergies, including wheat, strawberries, apples, etc., and had to be careful when looking at a menu.
What Is the Origin of the Word Et Cetera?
The word et cetera has been used since the early 15th century in the English language. This is taken directly from the Latin phrase et cetera, which means “and the others.”
The Latin word “et” translates to “and.” Cetera is the neuter plural version of the Latin ceterus, meaning “other.” This word comes from the Proto-Italic ke-etero and the Proto-Indo-European root ko, meaning this. Etero also has Proto-Indo European roots. Specifically, it means comparison or “the other of two.”
What Are Other Meanings of ETC?
Per The Free Dictionary, etc. doesn’t just have to be an abbreviation for et cetera. This term can also be used as an acronym. In these situations, you will see ETC written in all capital letters because each of those letters stands for a word, unlike etc., which is an abbreviation.
Meanings of ETC in Science
If you’re working in STEM, you may see ETC stand for one of the following phrases:
- Esophageal Tracheal Combitube
- Electronic Throttle Control
- Emergency Trauma Center
- Engineering Technology Company
- Evaporator Thermostat Circuit
- Electron Transport Chain (cellular respiration)
- Engineered Tissue Construct
- Engineering Technology Centre (UK)
- Electro-Thermal Chemical
- Extra-Tropical Cyclone (meteorology)
- Elapsed Time Counter
- Environmental Toxicology Center (University of Wisconsin)
- Erosion, Technology, and Concentration
- Electro-Thermal Chemical
- European Transportation Carrier (European Space Agency)
- Earth Terrain Camera (astrophysics)
- ECHO Technical Committee
- Environmental Tectonics Corporation
- Earth Terminal Complex
- Environmental Technology Council
- Environmental Technology Center (Canadian government agency)
Meanings of ETC in Business
As for businesspeople, see if you can spot ETC in any of these contexts:
- European Technology Consultants (contact center, website, mobile and DTV design and implementation)
- Equipment Trust Certificate (Aero financing)
- Electronic Trade Confirmation
- Ethiopian Tourism Commission
- Early Termination Charges
- Environmental Tree Consultancy (Ireland)
- Echostar Technologies Corporation
- Enrichment Technology Company (Netherlands)
- Everything to Connect
- Electricity Transmission Company
- Ear Technology Corporation (Johnson City, TN)
- Enhanced Telecommunications Corporation (Indiana)
- Electronic Toll Collection
- Equity Trust Company (Elyria, OH)
- Ethiopian Telecommunications Corporation
- Expanding the Circle (various organizations)
- Entertainment Technology Center
- Electronic Theatre Controls (theatre equipment company)
- E-Training Center (various organizations)
- Education and Training Consultancy (various organizations)
- ET Company
- Electronic Traction Control (automobiles)
- European Transportation Consultancy (Czech Republic)
- Entertainment Central (Philippines TV channel)
- Electronic Ticket Capture
- Energy Technology Company
- European Territorial Cooperation (EU)
- Efficient Transport Chains (shipping)
- Employee Transportation Coordinator
- English Tourism Council
- European Transport Conference (Association for European Transport)
Meanings of ETC in Government
Government workers may be familiar with these meanings of ETC:
- Estimated Time of Completion
- Education and Training Committee (various organizations)
- Estimated Total Cost
- Estimate To Complete (Cost)
- Equal Treatment Commission (various locations)
- Eastern Transportation Corridor (California)
- Chief Electronics Technician (Naval Rating)
- Exportable Training Capability (US DoD)
- Embedded Training Capability
- Estimated Time of Commencement
- Echo Tracker Classifier
- Energy Training Complex
- Efficient Transportation for the Community (Florida)
- Engineering Technical Code
- Enhanced Terminal Capability
- Engineering Topographic Command
- Exportable Training Center
Meanings of ETC in Technology
For any tech bros and gals reading, you may be looking for these definitions of ETC:
- Eldorado Touring Coupe
- Electronic Traction Control
- Enable Threshold Comparison
- Environmental Training Center
- Exchange Terminal Circuit (Sprint)
- Ethernet Tributary Card
- Enterprise Technology Centre
- Eligible Telecom Carrier (Western Digital)
- Enhanced Throughput Cellular protocol (Paradyne)
- Election Technology Council
- Event Tag Collection
- Execution Trace Cache
- Educational Technologies Center
- Extended Tree Collapsing
- Endogenous Technological Change
- Emerging Technologies Conference
Meanings of ETC as Slang Terms
Finally, we all can see ETC used in everyday slang:
- End of Thinking Capacity
- Espio the Chameleon (fictional character)
- Entertainment That Counts (TV show)
- Everyday Thoughts Collected (blog)
Conclusion
The term etc. is short for et cetera, a Latin phrase that approximately translates to “and so on.” This word is frequently used at the end of lists to show that similar items can be included but are not listed.
Sources:
- ETC – What does ETC stand for? | The Free Dictionary
- Etc definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
- ETC. | Cambridge English Dictionary
Kevin Miller is a growth marketer with an extensive background in Search Engine Optimization, paid acquisition and email marketing. He is also an online editor and writer based out of Los Angeles, CA. He studied at Georgetown University, worked at Google and became infatuated with English Grammar and for years has been diving into the language, demystifying the do’s and don’ts for all who share the same passion! He can be found online here.
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
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The Complete Word is :
«et cetera» which is latin for «and other things»
or it can stand for Electroconvulsive therapy
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
This answer is:
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You might think that it’s easy to use et cetera, which translates to «and others» or, more literally, «and the other things», and is abbreviated as «etc.» Surely everyone knows how to use «etc.» correctly, right? Well, it’s not all straightforward––et cetera can be commonly misspelled, improperly punctuated and even mispronounced! The use of et cetera isn’t usually taught in schools or tutoring because it’s considered to be just an abbreviation. Regardless, it’s important to know how to use it properly. See Step 1 to get started.
Steps
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1
Use «et cetera» to mean «and so forth» as well as «all items of the same class.» Et cetera is used as a short way to say, «and so forth», «and so on», or «and other things», and is also used to describe a list without listing everything.[1]
However, it’s important that the items in the list are of the same kind so that «etc.» does not confuse the reader.[2]
- For example, you can say, «We could use cupcakes, cookies, etc.» This shows that they can use any kind of dessert, and it could be rewritten by, «We could use cupcakes, cookies, and so on.»
- However, you cannot say, «Bring hamburger buns, paper plates, cupcakes, etc.», because the items on the list are not the same and the person you’re talking to would not know what you are referring to.
- Items of the same class do not need to be physical items. They can be emotions, or other forms of «things.» For example, you could say, «Please write down your three primary emotions today (sadness, anger, fear, etc.)»
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2
Do not use an introductory phrase for a list, such as «such as» or «for example,» along with etc. You cannot say, «Bring items such as cake, chocolates, ice cream, etc. to the party,» because «such as» already implies that you are not talking about a complete list. You can simply say, «Bring items such as cake, chocolates, and ice cream to the party» or «Bring cake, chocolates, ice cream, etc. to the party.»[3]
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3
Do not use «etc.» more than once in a sentence. Though some people think it’s cute to use «etc.» more than once in a sentence to stress the fact that many additional items are needed, just one «etc.» will suffice. Saying something like, «I have to do the dishes, wash the car, clean my room, etc., etc., etc., before the party» is never correct.
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4
Do not use «and» before «etc.» Since the «et» in «et cetera» already means «and,» it would be redundant to use the phrase «and etc.» because you’ll really be saying, «and and the rest.» Make sure to avoid using «and» when using «etc.»[4]
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5
Do not use «etc.» if you’re discussing a specific list of items that are needed and not anything more. If you only need cookies, cake, and donuts for the party, writing «cookies, cake, donuts, etc.» will not be appropriate because it will give the reader the assumption that he can bring another dessert.
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6
Do not use «etc.» to refer to people. «Etc.» can only refer to things; «et al.» is used to refer to people. You cannot say, «I can’t help but get annoyed by my younger cousins – Mary, Joe, Sue, etc. – though I try to be nice to them.» Instead, you can say, «I can’t help but get annoyed by my younger cousins – Mary, Joe, Sue et al. – though I try to be nice to them.» In this example, you are using «et al.», which means «and others,» to refer to the other annoying younger cousins.[5]
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7
Use the correct spelling. You can write it either way, «Et Cetera», or «etc.» Some other versions of etc. include et caetera, et cœtera or et coetera, but its usual spelling can be etc. Remember exactly how it’s spelled, because when it’s misspelled, it can look very obvious. Don’t spell it, «ect» or «cet» or anything, although it can be spelled &e., &/c., or &ct. You don’t need to learn all of these spellings, but choose one that you can rely on to use.
- Be careful how you pronounce et cetera. If you’re in the habit of saying «ek-SET-ra», it’s time to kick out the «k» sound! The real pronunciation is «eht-SEHT-er-uh.»[6]
- Be careful how you pronounce et cetera. If you’re in the habit of saying «ek-SET-ra», it’s time to kick out the «k» sound! The real pronunciation is «eht-SEHT-er-uh.»[6]
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8
Punctuate «etc.» correctly. At the end of «etc», there should be a period. (This does not apply if you are using modern «open punctuation», which dispenses with periods for eg, ie etc). That’s obvious, right? However, when you still have more to say in the sentence, you should put a comma after the period. If you are finished with the sentence, end with that period, don’t put anything else, but if you still have more to say, put a comma at the end and finish.[7]
For example:- «They ate cookies, cakes, peanuts, fairy floss, etc., and it’s little wonder they ended up with stomach aches.»
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9
Learn how to put in the punctuation around it. Yes, you should use a period and a comma, but when you also work with semicolons, question marks, and exclamation points, «etc.» can be confusing. Here are a few examples:
- Put a question mark after the period in «etc.»
- Put an exclamation point immediately after the period.
- Put the semicolon in right after the period and put a space between it and the next word.
- Put parentheses around the items you are using along with etc. when necessary. For example: «Students should not pack liquids in their carry-on bags (water, shampoo, makeup remover, etc.)»
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Add New Question
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Question
Would you use «etc.» in a formal, literary context? Or would you prefer «and so on», «and so forth» or something similar?
In written usage generally, «etc.» is perfectly fine and it is also fine to write «and so on» and «and so forth». You may like to mix them up if a paragraph would be saying «etc.» too many times. In written dialogue, if a character were to say «etc.», spell it as «et cetera», for the full word is always spoken; people don’t actually say «etc.».
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Question
Should there be period after «etc.» in the middle of sentence in parentheses?
Yes, there is always a period at the end of «etc.» no matter where it appears in a sentence.
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Question
Can I use «including» with etc.?
Yes, if you say something like: Some animals are mammals, including polar bears, giraffes, elephants, kangaroos, etc.
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Use your best judgement when using et cetera. Sometimes, writing the words «and so on» or typing «…» can be more appropriate or may simply look better in the context.
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Learn the other possibilities for saying the same thing as et cetera. You could say, «and so on», but you could also write «…». Whichever way you use, it will serve the same purpose and will work to convey the correct meaning.
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According to William Strunk in the canonical text, The Elements of Style, «etc.» is «equivalent to and the rest, and so forth, and hence not to be used if one of these would be insufficient, that is, if the reader would be left in doubt as to any important particulars.» By this definition, you shouldn’t use «etc.» unless the person you’re addressing would know exactly which item or items you’re referring to, but most people today would find this definition a bit extreme. The objection here is that «etc.» is not precise enough, and should therefore be avoided.
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While the rule is not always observed, et cetera is usually used for things. For omission of a list of people, et alii, or et al. is preferred. The same punctuation rules apply, except that there is always a space in et al.
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Article SummaryX
To use «etc.» correctly, use it in instances where you would say «and so forth.» For example, if you are making a list of possible desserts and want to express that there could be more items than the ones you have listed, write «cakes, cupcakes, ice cream, etc.» Do not use «etc.» more than once and do not use «etc.» to refer to people. Try to avoid using «etc.» if you already have a comprehensive list and there is actually nothing to add. For more instances of when to use and when to avoid «etc.,» keep reading!
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The abbreviation etc. is from the Latin et cetera, which means “and other things.” It appears at the end of a list when there is no point in giving more examples. Writers use it to say, “And so on” or “I could go on” or “You get the idea.”
In American English, etc. ends in a period, even midsentence. It is traditionally enclosed in commas when it doesn’t end a sentence, but nowadays the comma that follows etc. is disappearing. The 1979 edition of Strunk and White’s The Elements of Style insists that etc. be followed by a comma: Letters, packages, etc., should go here. But Bryan A. Garner’s 1998 edition of A Dictionary of Modern American Usage advises against a following comma, saying it is “more logical” to omit it: Carrots, potatoes, broccoli, etc. have the advantage of being vegetables. Garner’s point is that if we replaced etc. with something like and celery we would not follow celery with a comma.
All authorities agree that etc. is out of place in formal writing. The Chicago Manual of Style says that etc. “should be avoided, though it is usually acceptable in lists and tables, in notes, and within parentheses.” John B. Bremner’s Words on Words says, “Use it informally, if you really must.” Theodore M. Bernstein’s The Careful Writer says the term “has no place in writing that has any literary pretensions.”
Do not use etc. with a “list” that gives only one example; there should be at least two items listed. And never use etc. at the end of a series that begins with for example, e.g., including, such as, and the like, because these terms make etc. redundant: they already imply that the writer could offer other examples.
Every so often you’ll see and etc. But et means “and,” so and etc. would mean “and and so on.” Also to be avoided is etc., etc., because why do that, why do that?
Since cetera means “other things,” etc. should not be used when listing persons. For that, we have et al. (note the period), from the Latin et alii, meaning “and other people”: The Romantic poets Keats, Wordsworth, Shelley, et al., strove to capture man’s mystic relationship with nature.
All the rules for etc. apply to et al., including its unsuitability for serious writing.
Pop Quiz
Fix what needs fixing. Answers are below.
1. The collection includes precious gemstones such as diamonds, rubies, emeralds, etc.
2. All our favorite characters, Jimmy, Slick Sam, Annie from Miami, etc., were at the party.
3. People love to watch the award shows (the Academy Awards, etc.) and try to guess who will win.
4. Many regard fine literature—novels, essays, poetry, etc—as essential to a useful life.
Pop Quiz Answers
1. The collection includes precious gemstones such as diamonds, rubies, and emeralds. OR The collection includes precious gemstones: diamonds, rubies, emeralds, etc. (Never use etc. at the end of a list introduced by such as)
2. All our favorite characters, Jimmy, Slick Sam, Annie from Miami, et al., were at the party. (Do not use etc. to refer to humans)
3. People love to watch the award shows (the Academy Awards, the Grammys, etc.) and try to guess who will win. (Do not use etc. after only one example)
4. Many regard fine literature—novels, essays, poetry, etc.—as essential to a useful life. (In American English, do not use etc. without a period)
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