Circle the correct word the vikings was were from scandinavia

Examination Card # 11

C eating something at the Planetarium café.

D leaving your children overnight at the museum.

XX II. Writing

Read the text and choose the best answer for each gap.

The Vikings were Scandinavian warriors from Denmark, Norway and Sweden. These tall, fair-­haired people colonised many (1) …… of Europe between the 9th and 11th centuries. They were excellent sailors who (2) …… in long wooden (3) …… with many oars and large rectangular sails. Erik the Red was one of the (4) …… famous Vikings. He (5) …… Greenland and set up a colony there in 982 AD. Leif Erikson, his son, was

Imagine that you are learning English at the language course in Great Britain and are living in a host family. Write a short letter of 50–60 words home. Tell your parents about:

•your accommodations;

•your host family members and their interests;

•your leisure time activities.

XX III. Speaking

Talk about friendship in your life. Include the following:

•How do you choose friends? Describe the appearance and character of your friend. Is it important to be a friend to others?

Examination Card #12

XX I. Reading

Read the text given below. Choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D) to complete the sentences (1–5).

Philadelphia is a city known for many things. It is where the Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776, and it was also the first capital of the United States. But one fact about Philadelphia is not so well-known: it is home to nearly 3,000 murals painted on the sides of homes and buildings around the city. In fact, it is said that Philadelphia has more murals than any other city in the world, with the exception of Rome. How did this come to be?

More than 20 years ago, a New Jersey artist named Jane Golden started a program pairing troubled youth with artists to paint murals on a few buildings around the city. From this small project, something magical happened. The young people involved helped to create magnificent pieces of art, but there were other, perhaps more important benefits. The young people learned to collaborate and get along with many different kinds of people during the various steps required to paint and design a mural.

They learned to be responsible, because they needed to follow a schedule to make sure the murals were completed. They also learned to take pride in their community. It is hard for any resident to see the spectacular designs and not feel proud to be a part of Philadelphia.

Take a walk around some of the poorest neighburhoods in Philadelphia, neighburhoods full of broken windows and littered front steps, and you will find beautiful works of art on the sides and fronts of buildings. Of course the murals are not just in poor neighburhoods, but more affluent ones as well.

Special buses take tourists to different parts of the city to see the various murals, which range from huge portraits of historical heroes, to cityscapes, to scenes depicting the diverse ethnic groups that call Philadelphia home.

As a result of its success, the mural program created by Jane Golden has now become the nation’s largest public art program and a model for other cities throughout the country seeking to help troubled youth.

1.The main focus of the passage is

A an art program designed to help troubled youth

B the many tourists who come to Philadelphia to see murals

C the reasons why Philadelphia is a unique city

D how Jane Golden came up with the idea to start a mural program

2.As used in paragraph 1, the phrase “it is said” suggests that the author is

A knowingly misleading the reader

B using a quote from someone else

C referring to something that is widely believed, but may be untrue

D referring to something that he or she does not personally believe

3.As used in paragraph 3, which is the best definition of affluent?

4.Based on information in the passage, the author most likely believes that

A there are too many murals in Philadelphia

B the mural program was an inspirational idea

C all troubled youth should learn how to paint

D every city in the country should adopt the mural program

Examination Card # 12

5.According to the information in the passage, the author believes the two best reasons for other cities to adopt the mural program are to

A beautify their city and draw tourists

B help troubled youth and beautify their city

C have as many murals as Philadelphia and help troubled youth

D draw tourists and surpass Philadelphia in terms of number of murals

XX II. Writing

Fill in the correct tense form of the verbs in brackets.

1.If I …….. (be) a bird, I would be able to fly.

2.I wish I …….. (leave) on time. If I had, I …….. (not / be) late for the appointment.

3.I wish I ………….. (not / spend) so much money when I went shopping with Julie.

4.I wish I …….. (have) my car; now I have to take a taxi home.

5.They wish they …….. (service) their car. If they had, it …….. (not / break) down.

6.If I …….. (have) more time, I …….. (take up) a sport.

You have decided to send a postcard of 50–60 words to your English­-speaking friend with the sights of your hometown on it. Include the following information:­

•name the sights in the pictures;

•write where they are and why they are famous;

•invite your friend to come and visit them one day.

XX III. Speaking

Generation gap is not something new. Talk about your family relationships. Say:

•Do you agree that young people should always listen to their parents’ advice?

•Do you personally listen to your parents’ recommendations?

•What helps you avoid misunderstandings with the adults?

Examination Card #13

XX I. Reading

Read the letter and choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) for the sentences (1–5).

Dear Editor,

I am writing in response to the article “Protecting Our Public Spaces” in issue 14, published this spring. In it, the author claims that “all graffiti is vandalism, pure and simple, and offers no benefit to our public spaces.” I would like to point out that many people believe that graffiti is an art form that can benefit our public spaces just as much as sculpture, fountains, or other, more accepted art forms.

People who object to graffiti usually do so more because of where it is, not what it is. They argue, as your author does, that posting graffiti in public places constitutes an illegal act of property damage. But the location of such graffiti should not prevent the images themselves from being considered genuine art.

I would argue that graffiti is the ultimate public art form. Spray paint is a medium unlike any other. Through graffiti, the entire world has become a canvas. No one has to pay admission or travel to a museum to see this kind of art. The artists usually do not receive payment for their efforts. These works of art dotting the urban landscape are available, free of charge, to everyone who passes by.

To be clear, I do not consider random words or names sprayed on stop signs to be art. Plenty of graffiti is just vandalism, pure and simple. However, there is also graffiti that is breathtaking in its intricate detail, its realism, or its creativity. It takes great talent to create such involved designs with spray paint.

Are these creators not artists just because they use a can of spray paint instead of a paintbrush, or because they cover the side of a building rather than a canvas?

To declare that all graffiti is vandalism, and nothing more, is an overly simplistic statement that I find out of place in such a thoughtful publication as your magazine. Furthermore, graffiti is not going anywhere, so we might as well find a way to live with it and enjoy its benefits. One option could be to make a percentage of public space, such as walls or benches in parks, open to graffiti artists. By doing this, the public might feel like part owners of these works of art, rather than just the victims of a crime.

Regards, Derrick Milton

1.In his letter, Derrick Milton argues that graffiti

A is the only art form that is free

B provides more public benefits than sculpture or fountains do

C is best viewed on public walls rather than canvas

D should be judged on its artistic qualities rather than its location

2.Based on information in the passage, it can be understood that the author of the article “Protecting Our Public Spaces” apparently believes that graffiti

A is a not an art form

B can only sometimes be considered a work of art

C should be restricted to places where it is allowed

D is too simple to be considered art

3.According to Derrick Milton, random words sprayed on stop signs are not

4. In paragraph 4, Derrick Milton states, “Plenty of graffiti is just vandalism, pure and simple.” He most likely makes this statement in order to

A agree with the author of “Protect Our Public Spaces”

Examination Card # 13

B clarify the limits of his position

C support his overall argument

D summarize the counterargument to his own position

5.Derrick Milton concludes his letter by

XX II. Writing

Fill the gaps with the correct tense forms of the verb (active or passive voice).

Your pen-friend’s family is coming to Ukraine. They ask for your advice on how to spend three days. Write a short letter (50–60 words) and recommend some places to go. In your letter:

•welcome their decision to visit Ukraine in summer;

•recommend two places around your city.

XX III. Speaking

Talk about your school and the teachers that have taught you. Use the ideas given below:

•say something about your school rules and traditions;

•inform about your favourite school subjects and your favourite teachers.

Examination Card #14

XX I. Reading

Read the text given below. Choose from the sentences (A–H) the one which fits each gap (1–6). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. There is an example at the beginning (0).

THE WORLD’S LARGEST REFRIGERATOR SNOW SKIING IN THE

GREAT INDOORS

It’s summer in Japan – the perfect time to pull on a designer winter jacket­ and gloves and head off to a ski-­slope. (0) B Well, convinced that Tokyo residents are tired of expensive, overcrowded­ winter excursions, the country’s top real estate developer has built the world’s largest indoor ski facility. The SSAWS ski building opens this week in Funabashi, Chiba Prefecture, a town 30 minutes east of Tokyo by train.

(1) ….. “I have long been wondering what this strange­lookingbuilding was going to be,” says Makiko Saito, a 29-­year-­old department­ store employee in Tokyo. “When I heard that it’s a skiing centre with real snow, I knew I’d have to check it out.”

The ski building is actually a $364 million­ refrigerator. (2) ….. Twenty centimetre thick glass-­wool insulation helps keep out exterior heat. The building’s snow-­making system is said to be unique: 94 nozzles, spread across the ceiling, spray a mix of compressed air and misty water.

(3)….. It’s a unique combination of scientific achievement and the leisure industry. “It’s not just any snow that is produced by the machine”, claim officials at Mitsui Fudosan Co., the developers. These crystals are powdery and small – 80 microns in diametre. “To get the same high­qualitysnow”, asserts SSAWS manager Ryosuke Uematsu, “one would have to travel to the mountains of Japan’s northern island of Hokkaido.”

The ski building has two slopes – one for beginners and the other, slightly steeper, for experienced skiers.

(4)….. Two high-­speed chairlifts will whisk skiers back up to the top after they have completed a run. “We didn’t want to make a fake ski resort,” says Uematsu of his fake ski resort, “but it just seemed to happen­ that way. The ski-run has become popular in a way that we never dreamt possible.” Visitors to the new ski hall are charged $54 for two hours of skiing. To avoid overcrowd­ing,­ only 2,000 people will be allowed in at one time.

(5)….. Those who don’t like the idea of summer­ snow skiing need not miss out on the

fun.

(6)….. sandy beach, fake palm trees and 2-­metre high waves – the last courtesy of a huge wave machine. The entrance fee is $35.

AThose waiting can eat, watch TV, swim or sit in a sauna until their numbers are called.

BYou may be wondering how this is possible.

CThe building also includes a race track.

DWhen the water particles are exposed to cold air, they crystalize into snow.

EFrom the outside, the steel and concrete structure looks like a giant piece of cheese.

F Japan also has a massive indoor water resort called Wild Blue Yokohama. G Inside, the temperature is maintained at a chilly two degrees Celsius.

H As might be expected, the slopes are short – only 500 metres long.

Examination Card # 14

XX II. Writing

For questions (1–6), read the text and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.

ROLLS-ROYCE

The name Rolls-Royce has been associated with high-­quality cars for over a century. The first Rolls-Royce was produced in 1905, as the result of the (1) ….. efforts of

Charles Stewart Rolls and Frederick Henry Royce.

Rolls, an upper-­class Londoner who was (2) ….. at Eton and Cambridge University, started a company in 1902 to sell motorcars­. Royce, an engineering genius, (3) ….. from a working-­class background. He began his apprenticeship in a railway workshop at the age of 14, but by the age of 21 he had (4) ….. up his own engineering business. Royce designed several motorcars,­ and his first experimental model (5) ….. in 1903. (6) …..

after that, Charles Rolls and Henry Royce met, forming the Rolls-Royce manufacturing firm in 1904. Royce designed the motorcars­ and Rolls sold them.

You have just visited the Art Exhibition in the place where you live. Write an email of 50–60 words to your English-­speaking friend. Tell him / her about:

•the place where the exhibition is held;

•the artworks which are exhibited;

•your point of view on the best works.

XX III. Speaking

Some people say that pollution isn’t so serious as the most of scientists say. Do you agree?

•Is the protection of the environment an important issue in your country? Why?

•What can the governments and ordinary people do to solve environmental problems? Do you or your friends do anything to help the environment?

Examination Card #15

XX I. Reading

Read the text given below. Match the sentences (A–E) to the gaps (1–4). There is one extra sentence which you do not need.

GULLIVER’S TRAVELS

On 5th November, which was the beginning of summer in those parts, the seamen suddenly saw a rock close to the ship; but the wind was so strong that we were pushed onto it. Six of the crew, including myself, let down the boat into the sea and tried to get away from the ship and the rock. (1) ….. In about half an hour the boat was overturned by a sudden strong wind from the north. What happened to the men in the boat, as well as those who escaped on the rock, or were left in the ship, I cannot say; but I imagine they were all lost.

(2)….. I often let my legs drop, and could not feel the bottom; but when I was able to struggle no more, I found myself in shallow waters; and by this time the storm was much calmer. I walked for nearly a mile before I got to the shore, which I guessed was at about eight o’clock in the evening. I then walked on for another half a mile, but could not find any sign of houses or people. I was extremely tired, and with the heat of the weather I needed to sleep.

(3)….. I slept better than I remembered ever having done in my life, and when I awoke, it was just daylight. I tried to get up, but was not able to for, as I was laid on my back, I found my arms and legs were strongly fastened on each side to the ground; and my hair, which was long and thick, tied down in the same way. I could only look upwards; the sun began to grow hot, and the lig ht hurt my eyes. (4) ….. In a little time I felt something alive moving on my left leg, which, moving gently forward over my chest, came almost up to my chin; looking downwards as much as I could, I realised it was a human creature not six inches high, with a bow and arrow in his hands.

AAs for me, I swam, and was pushed forward by the wind and tide.

BI lay down on the grass, which was very short and soft.

CWe rowed about nine miles, till we were able to row no more.

DPuzzled, I tried to discover what this strange sound might be.

EI heard noise around me; but in the position I was in, I could see nothing but the sky.

XX II. Writing

For questions (1–6), read the text and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.

MACHU PICCHU

The city of Machu Picchu, in Peru, South America, was built by the Incas in about 1450, when the Inca Empire was at its most powerful. What makes this city so unusual is that it is (1) ….. 2,430 metres above sea (2) ….., on the top of a mountain ridge in the Andes Mountains.

Machu Picchu is so remote that the Incas had to take a long, treacherous path through the Andes to get to it. To this day, historians still (3) ….. how the Inca people were able to build this stone city so high up (4) ….. the use of modern technology. The Incas were expert builders, carving the rocks perfectly and (5) ….. them together so well that you cannot slide a knife between the stones.

Examination Card # 15

Astonishingly, the rest of the world only learned of the city’s existence after an Ame­ rican historian, Hiram Bingham, (6) ….. it on 24 July 1911. It has now become a popular tourist destination.

You are writing a short article to a school newspaper about a famous British writer. Include the following information:

•inform about his / her role in the world literature;

•write which literary works enjoyed the greatest popularity.

XX III. Speaking

People often develop different stereotypes about foreign countries.

•What stereotypes do people have about Ukraine?

•Do you think they are true or not?

•What should be done to change these stereotypes?

Examination Card #16

XX I. Reading

Match the headings (A–E) with the paragraphs (1–4). There is one heading you will not use.

AIt’s time to act.

BBees are losing their way

CFour years in a scientist’s life

DNo bees – no food

EA strange idea

(1) …..

Mobile phones are one of the most useful inventions of the last 50 years, but not everything that is said about them is good. Mobiles are frequently blamed for a number of things, from thumb injuries and headaches to house fires. One theory even blames mobile phones for the disappearance of bees!

(2) …..

The theory is that the bees’ navigation systems are damaged by the radiation that is given off by mobile phones. Bees have a built-in system a bit like GPS and this helps them find their way back to their hive. But recently, thousands of bees have failed to find their way home. It is believed they are dying far from their hives.

(3) …..

The problem was first noticed by beekeepers in America and is a lot more complicated than it at first seems. The important thing about bees is that most of the crops in many countries of the world are pollinated by them. Without bees, the crops can’t continue to grow. Many beekeepers in America and Europe have reported losing between 50 and 70 percent of their bees. Jim Piper, a London beekeeper, was recently asked how the problem was affecting him. “My business has been ruined by this”, he explained. “Twenty-nine of my forty hives are now empty”.

(4) …..

Nobody has proved that this theory is true but it’s a fact that bees are disappearing in very large numbers. And we can’t manage without them. Einstein said that if all our bees disappeared, man would only live for four more years! The situation needs to be evaluated by the world’s best scientists. If the mobile phone theory is correct, we need to do something about immediately – before it’s too late.

XX II. Writing

Read the text given below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap (1–6).

TIPS FOR FLYING

The number and length of flights has increased sharply in the past few years and the number of passengers on long distance flights is also higher. As the human body was not designed for flying, people can (1) ….. if they are on an aeroplane for a long time. Therefore,­ it is important to (2) ….. certain measures to increase your comfort. A long­ distance journey often (3) ….. travellers feeling stiff, because they have been sitting in one (4) ….. for several hours.

In order to reduce the (5) ….. of this happening to you, there are some exercises you can do while you are flying. (6) ….. this, a hot shower taken after the flight can be an