Choose the word or phrase which would best keep the meaning of the underlined

In questions 41-45 each sentence has four underlined words or phrases. The four underlined parts of the sentences are marked 1, 2, 3, 4. Identify the ONE underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct. 

Choose the word or phrase which would best keep the meaning of the underlinedword or phrase of the original sentence.

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1. There
are obvious
disadvantages to this plan.

a.
well-known

b.
serious

c. clear

d.
fundamental

2. I tried
to anticipate
the kind of questions they were likely to ask me at the interview.

a. solve

b. guess

c.
remember

d.
discuss

3. The
problem would interest the entire
community.

a. whole

b. large

c.
engineering

d. small

4. It is
not easy to predict
this trend.

a. cause

b.
create

c.
forecast

d. test

5. The
author discusses all facets
of most engineering fields.

a.
prospects

b.
aspects

c.
issues

d. forms

6.
Eventually,
they have worked out the basic concepts.

a.
lately

b.
spontaneously

c.
finally

d.
gradually

7. Most of
our meetings were devoted
to discussing scientific problems.

a.
dedicated

b.
confined

c.
conformed

d.
introduced

8. The vast
land stretches for hundreds of miles.

a. very
small

b.
narrow

c. very
large

d.
spectacular

9. Is there
any evidence
for believing that?

a. proof

b.
tendency

c.
opposition

d.
chance

10. He
employed the one basic technique.

a.
process

b.
procedure

c. task

d.
objective

11. She is
very dedicated
to her work.

a.
interested in

b.
committed to

c. tired
of

d.
disappointed with

12. They
devoted a lot of time for the in-depth
study of botany.

a.
independent

b.
individual

c.
thorough

d.
careful

13. He made
no endeavor
to help us.

a.
effort

b.
decision

c. plan

d.
prediction

14. Human
beings are much more intelligent
than animals.

a.
invaluable

b.
realistic

c.
curious

d.
clever

15.
Hopefully, I’ll earn
this degree in a year.

a.
discuss

b. get

c.
contain

d. study

16. How is
your study
progressing?

a. topic

b.
investigation

c.
attempt

d.
procedure

17. The
issue deals
with
international cooperation.

a.
demands

b.
touches upon

c.
anticipates

d.
allows

8. Find
the synonyms in the text to the following words: to
obey, aim, famous, study, to demand, to obtain, to take part, to
expect, to permit.

Key vocabulary

Science, scietists, scientific, to major in, field of science, R&D, research advisor, degree, Master, Bachelor, PhD, thesis, dissertation, to earn a degree, publications, to meet the requirements, special board of academics, oral defense.

Text
activities

1. Read
   the text and divide it into logical parts.

2. Comprehension
   check:

• What is
  the ogirin of the word “science”? What is its meaning?

• Interpret
  Carl Sagan’s idea of “Science”.

• Define
  the main types of science products.

• In what
  way are Masters / PhD candidates trained in US / Ukraine?

• What are
  the requirements to earn a PhD?

• Compare
  Ukrainian and American scientific degrees and ways they are
  obtained.

• Comment
  on Carson’s massage “Think big”.

• What does
  Vera Rubin advise young scientists?

3. You
participate in an International Conference “Science &
Scientists”. Choose one of the suggested roles and make a
presentation: a
chairperson, a Ukrainian / American student doing Bachelor’s /
Master’s / specialist’s / PhD course of study, a Ukrainian
postgraduate, Benjamin Carson, Carl Sagan, Vera Rubin.

Unit 2

Warm-up

• What are
  your associations with the scientists of the 21^st
  century?

• Who can be
  called a true scientists? Has the idea of a “scientists” changed
  throught time?

• Which
  adjectives in the box do you think go with a true scientist?

hard-working punctual reserved emontional lazy enthusiastic tolerant well-dressed ambitious humorous serious intelligent fun-loving absent-minded

• Indentify
  characteristics of a scientist by watching the two columns.

  I 1. intelliqent objective creative open-minded curious talented dedicated persistent II decision-maker communicator designer inventor

  a) receptive of arguments and ideas b) remaining at a task for a long amount of time to complete a task or project c) making observations and decisions based upon evidence, not personal opinion or hearsay d) very interested in working very hard, devoting a lot of time to complete a task or project e) producing new and original ideas and things, inventive f) having a high degree of mental capacity g) having or showing special abilities for a particular type of work h) eager to know or learn a) searching for new discoveries b) being able to make important choices or / and judgements c) creating new models or designs d) making opinions and information known and understood by others, sharing and exchanging opinions.

• Give
  Ukrainian equivalents for
  some characteristics of a scientist:

a
positive approach to failure; open-mindedness, cooperation with
others; tolerance for other opinions, explanations, or points of
view; avoidance of broad generalizations when evidence is limited;
demand for verification, longing to know and to understand; respect
for logic; consideration for consequences.

• What are
  the motives for doing science? Read the text and say if they are the
  same with yours.

• Prepare an
  oral presentation about characteristics of true scientist.
  Participate
  in the forum discissing characteristics of true scientist. Voice
  your opinion on this issue.

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Это важно Пожалуйста ДРУЗЬЯ

1.Choose the one word or phrase that best keeps the meaning of the original sentence if it is substituted for the underlined word or phrase: If you stay on this diet, ultimately you will lose weight.

A unlikely
B finally
C formerly
D possibly
2. Укажите правильный вариант пропущенных вопросительных местоимений . Idendify the right variant of omitted interogative pronouns
….Engilsh books have you read this term?

A Whom
B Who
C Which
D What

3Укажите правильный вариант. Сhoose the correct variant: Let them ( to phone) me
A is phone
B doesn’t phone
C hasn’t phone
D phone

4 Уточните правильный вариант перевод слова hobby на русский язык. Identify the translation of the word: hobby
A машғулoти дӯстдошта — хобби, любимое занятие
B машғулият, машқ — упражнение
C гапзанон кардан — разговаривать
D маъқул шудан — нравиться

5.Choose the preposition that most correctly complete the sentence.
World War II lasted ___________ 1939 _________________1945.

A during, after
B from, till
C since, in
D from, to
6 .Complete the sentence by choosing the letter of the phrase or clause that would most likely follow the transition word written with a capital letter.
ALTHOUGH the animals and plants that live in the world’s various deserts come from different ancestral stocks, _______

A they are from different deserts
B they resemble one another to a surprising degree
C they have solved their problems of survival differently
D none of them have adapted to the jungles

7. Выберите правильный вариант пропущенных слов . Choose the right variant of omitted words.
There is a lot of small—- in the river but we can’t catch anything.

A fruits
B fish
C animals
D butterflies

8.Complete the sentence with the corresponding prepositions:
A lot ___ beautiful cities were left ___ ruins ___ the World Wars.
A Of, at, between
B Of, in, after
C At, at, during
D In, ___, after

Choose the one word or phrase which could be substituted for the underlined word or phrase without changing the meaning of the sentence.

30. When the eye of the hurricane passed over, there was a lull in the storm.
a. fresh outburst
b. calm interval
c. rise in the wind
d. freshening

31. The officer compelled the prisoner to do exactly as he wished.
a. allowed
b. hired
c. beseeched
d. forced

32. The young man was so bashful that he did not speak to pretty girl.
a. haughty
b. indifferent
c. shy
d. upset

33. He will abide by his promise if he gives it.
a, allow for
b. renege on
c. renew
d. stick to

34. The rock was poised on the edge of the cliff.
a. balanced
b. resting
c. rolling
d. perpendicular

35. The captive was thrown into a dark, damp, filthy dungeon.
a. rock quarry
b. subway station
c. underground tunnel
d. underground cell

36. The student revised his paper carefully, following the professor’s suggetions.
a. copied
b. retyped
c. corrected
d. reviewed

37. The dog gnawed the bone before he buried it.
a. kicked
b. trampled
c. chewed
d. licked

38. The water trickled over the edge of the basin.
a. poured rapidly
b. dripped steadily
c. rushed
d. flooded

39. The judge sentenced the convicted man.
a. passed judgment upon
b. sympathized with
c. gave a pardon to
d. gave high praise to

40. The characters in this novel are fictitious.
a. not well-drawn
b. believable
c. not real people
d. identifiable

41. At the battle of Waterloo, Napoleon’s forces retreated.
a. attacked
b. pursued
c. withdrew
d. intercepted

42. Angels are pure spirits, and are thus invisible.
a. unable to be heard
b. unable to be seen
c. unable to be understood
d. unable to be touched

43. The child groped for the light switch.
a. reached confidently
b. stretched up
c. searched blindly
d. listened attentively

44. The war ended when the armistice was signed.
a. nomination
b. charter
c. truce
d. contract

45. The patient handed the doctor his fee.
a. medicine
b. money
c. bag
d. instrument

46. The driver tried to avert the accident by bringing the car to a sudden stop.
a. cause
b. control
c. minimize
d. prevent

47. The warmth of the room made the student doze.
a. yawn widely
b. sweat profusely
c. fall asleep
d. faint

48. When he heard the news, he was overcome with grief.
a. sorrow
b. rage
c. terror
d. anxiety

49. At first, the incident seemed to be trivial.
a. significant
b. momentous
c. unimportant
d. critical

50. His natural intelligence and his experience enabled him to cope with the problem.
a. grow
b. play
c. deal
d. stay