The INDEX function returns a value or the reference to a value from within a table or range.
There are two ways to use the INDEX function:
-
If you want to return the value of a specified cell or array of cells, see Array form.
-
If you want to return a reference to specified cells, see Reference form.
Array form
Description
Returns the value of an element in a table or an array, selected by the row and column number indexes.
Use the array form if the first argument to INDEX is an array constant.
Syntax
INDEX(array, row_num, [column_num])
The array form of the INDEX function has the following arguments:
-
array Required. A range of cells or an array constant.
-
If array contains only one row or column, the corresponding row_num or column_num argument is optional.
-
If array has more than one row and more than one column, and only row_num or column_num is used, INDEX returns an array of the entire row or column in array.
-
-
row_num Required, unless column_num is present. Selects the row in array from which to return a value. If row_num is omitted, column_num is required.
-
column_num Optional. Selects the column in array from which to return a value. If column_num is omitted, row_num is required.
Remarks
-
If both the row_num and column_num arguments are used, INDEX returns the value in the cell at the intersection of row_num and column_num.
-
row_num and column_num must point to a cell within array; otherwise, INDEX returns a #REF! error.
-
If you set row_num or column_num to 0 (zero), INDEX returns the array of values for the entire column or row, respectively. To use values returned as an array, enter the INDEX function as an array formula.
Note: If you have a current version of Microsoft 365, then you can input the formula in the top-left-cell of the output range, then press ENTER to confirm the formula as a dynamic array formula. Otherwise, the formula must be entered as a legacy array formula by first selecting the output range, input the formula in the top-left-cell of the output range, then press CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER to confirm it. Excel inserts curly brackets at the beginning and end of the formula for you. For more information on array formulas, see Guidelines and examples of array formulas.
Examples
Example 1
These examples use the INDEX function to find the value in the intersecting cell where a row and a column meet.
Copy the example data in the following table, and paste it in cell A1 of a new Excel worksheet. For formulas to show results, select them, press F2, and then press Enter.
Data |
Data |
|
---|---|---|
Apples |
Lemons |
|
Bananas |
Pears |
|
Formula |
Description |
Result |
=INDEX(A2:B3,2,2) |
Value at the intersection of the second row and second column in the range A2:B3. |
Pears |
=INDEX(A2:B3,2,1) |
Value at the intersection of the second row and first column in the range A2:B3. |
Bananas |
Example 2
This example uses the INDEX function in an array formula to find the values in two cells specified in a 2×2 array.
Note: If you have a current version of Microsoft 365, then you can input the formula in the top-left-cell of the output range, then press ENTER to confirm the formula as a dynamic array formula. Otherwise, the formula must be entered as a legacy array formula by first selecting two blank cells, input the formula in the top-left-cell of the output range, then press CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER to confirm it. Excel inserts curly brackets at the beginning and end of the formula for you. For more information on array formulas, see Guidelines and examples of array formulas.
Formula |
Description |
Result |
---|---|---|
=INDEX({1,2;3,4},0,2) |
Value found in the first row, second column in the array. The array contains 1 and 2 in the first row and 3 and 4 in the second row. |
2 |
Value found in the second row, second column in the array (same array as above). |
4 |
|
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Reference form
Description
Returns the reference of the cell at the intersection of a particular row and column. If the reference is made up of non-adjacent selections, you can pick the selection to look in.
Syntax
INDEX(reference, row_num, [column_num], [area_num])
The reference form of the INDEX function has the following arguments:
-
reference Required. A reference to one or more cell ranges.
-
If you are entering a non-adjacent range for the reference, enclose reference in parentheses.
-
If each area in reference contains only one row or column, the row_num or column_num argument, respectively, is optional. For example, for a single row reference, use INDEX(reference,,column_num).
-
-
row_num Required. The number of the row in reference from which to return a reference.
-
column_num Optional. The number of the column in reference from which to return a reference.
-
area_num Optional. Selects a range in reference from which to return the intersection of row_num and column_num. The first area selected or entered is numbered 1, the second is 2, and so on. If area_num is omitted, INDEX uses area 1. The areas listed here must all be located on one sheet. If you specify areas that are not on the same sheet as each other, it will cause a #VALUE! error. If you need to use ranges that are located on different sheets from each other, it is recommended that you use the array form of the INDEX function, and use another function to calculate the range that makes up the array. For example, you could use the CHOOSE function to calculate which range will be used.
For example, if Reference describes the cells (A1:B4,D1:E4,G1:H4), area_num 1 is the range A1:B4, area_num 2 is the range D1:E4, and area_num 3 is the range G1:H4.
Remarks
-
After reference and area_num have selected a particular range, row_num and column_num select a particular cell: row_num 1 is the first row in the range, column_num 1 is the first column, and so on. The reference returned by INDEX is the intersection of row_num and column_num.
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If you set row_num or column_num to 0 (zero), INDEX returns the reference for the entire column or row, respectively.
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row_num, column_num, and area_num must point to a cell within reference; otherwise, INDEX returns a #REF! error. If row_num and column_num are omitted, INDEX returns the area in reference specified by area_num.
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The result of the INDEX function is a reference and is interpreted as such by other formulas. Depending on the formula, the return value of INDEX may be used as a reference or as a value. For example, the formula CELL(«width»,INDEX(A1:B2,1,2)) is equivalent to CELL(«width»,B1). The CELL function uses the return value of INDEX as a cell reference. On the other hand, a formula such as 2*INDEX(A1:B2,1,2) translates the return value of INDEX into the number in cell B1.
Examples
Copy the example data in the following table, and paste it in cell A1 of a new Excel worksheet. For formulas to show results, select them, press F2, and then press Enter.
Fruit |
Price |
Count |
---|---|---|
Apples |
$0.69 |
40 |
Bananas |
$0.34 |
38 |
Lemons |
$0.55 |
15 |
Oranges |
$0.25 |
25 |
Pears |
$0.59 |
40 |
Almonds |
$2.80 |
10 |
Cashews |
$3.55 |
16 |
Peanuts |
$1.25 |
20 |
Walnuts |
$1.75 |
12 |
Formula |
Description |
Result |
=INDEX(A2:C6, 2, 3) |
The intersection of the second row and third column in the range A2:C6, which is the contents of cell C3. |
38 |
=INDEX((A1:C6, A8:C11), 2, 2, 2) |
The intersection of the second row and second column in the second area of A8:C11, which is the contents of cell B9. |
1.25 |
=SUM(INDEX(A1:C11, 0, 3, 1)) |
The sum of the third column in the first area of the range A1:C11, which is the sum of C1:C11. |
216 |
=SUM(B2:INDEX(A2:C6, 5, 2)) |
The sum of the range starting at B2, and ending at the intersection of the fifth row and the second column of the range A2:A6, which is the sum of B2:B6. |
2.42 |
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See Also
VLOOKUP function
MATCH function
INDIRECT function
Guidelines and examples of array formulas
Lookup and reference functions (reference)
Содержание
- INDEX function
- Array form
- Description
- Syntax
- Remarks
- Examples
- Example 1
- Example 2
- Reference form
- Description
- Syntax
- Remarks
- Examples
- Look up values with VLOOKUP, INDEX, or MATCH
- Using INDEX and MATCH instead of VLOOKUP
- Give it a try
- VLOOKUP Example at work
- INDEX Function
- Related functions
- Summary
- Purpose
- Return value
- Arguments
- Syntax
- Usage notes
- Basic usage
- INDEX and MATCH
- INDEX and MATCH with horizontal table
- Entire row / column
- Reference as result
- Two forms
- Array form
- Reference form
INDEX function
The INDEX function returns a value or the reference to a value from within a table or range.
There are two ways to use the INDEX function:
If you want to return the value of a specified cell or array of cells, see Array form.
If you want to return a reference to specified cells, see Reference form.
Array form
Description
Returns the value of an element in a table or an array, selected by the row and column number indexes.
Use the array form if the first argument to INDEX is an array constant.
Syntax
INDEX(array, row_num, [column_num])
The array form of the INDEX function has the following arguments:
array Required. A range of cells or an array constant.
If array contains only one row or column, the corresponding row_num or column_num argument is optional.
If array has more than one row and more than one column, and only row_num or column_num is used, INDEX returns an array of the entire row or column in array.
row_num Required, unless column_num is present. Selects the row in array from which to return a value. If row_num is omitted, column_num is required.
column_num Optional. Selects the column in array from which to return a value. If column_num is omitted, row_num is required.
If both the row_num and column_num arguments are used, INDEX returns the value in the cell at the intersection of row_num and column_num.
row_num and column_num must point to a cell within array; otherwise, INDEX returns a #REF! error.
If you set row_num or column_num to 0 (zero), INDEX returns the array of values for the entire column or row, respectively. To use values returned as an array, enter the INDEX function as an array formula.
Note: If you have a current version of Microsoft 365, then you can input the formula in the top-left-cell of the output range, then press ENTER to confirm the formula as a dynamic array formula. Otherwise, the formula must be entered as a legacy array formula by first selecting the output range, input the formula in the top-left-cell of the output range, then press CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER to confirm it. Excel inserts curly brackets at the beginning and end of the formula for you. For more information on array formulas, see Guidelines and examples of array formulas.
Examples
Example 1
These examples use the INDEX function to find the value in the intersecting cell where a row and a column meet.
Copy the example data in the following table, and paste it in cell A1 of a new Excel worksheet. For formulas to show results, select them, press F2, and then press Enter.
Value at the intersection of the second row and second column in the range A2:B3.
Value at the intersection of the second row and first column in the range A2:B3.
Example 2
This example uses the INDEX function in an array formula to find the values in two cells specified in a 2×2 array.
Note: If you have a current version of Microsoft 365, then you can input the formula in the top-left-cell of the output range, then press ENTER to confirm the formula as a dynamic array formula. Otherwise, the formula must be entered as a legacy array formula by first selecting two blank cells, input the formula in the top-left-cell of the output range, then press CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER to confirm it. Excel inserts curly brackets at the beginning and end of the formula for you. For more information on array formulas, see Guidelines and examples of array formulas.
Value found in the first row, second column in the array. The array contains 1 and 2 in the first row and 3 and 4 in the second row.
Value found in the second row, second column in the array (same array as above).
Reference form
Description
Returns the reference of the cell at the intersection of a particular row and column. If the reference is made up of non-adjacent selections, you can pick the selection to look in.
Syntax
INDEX(reference, row_num, [column_num], [area_num])
The reference form of the INDEX function has the following arguments:
reference Required. A reference to one or more cell ranges.
If you are entering a non-adjacent range for the reference, enclose reference in parentheses.
If each area in reference contains only one row or column, the row_num or column_num argument, respectively, is optional. For example, for a single row reference, use INDEX(reference,,column_num).
row_num Required. The number of the row in reference from which to return a reference.
column_num Optional. The number of the column in reference from which to return a reference.
area_num Optional. Selects a range in reference from which to return the intersection of row_num and column_num. The first area selected or entered is numbered 1, the second is 2, and so on. If area_num is omitted, INDEX uses area 1. The areas listed here must all be located on one sheet. If you specify areas that are not on the same sheet as each other, it will cause a #VALUE! error. If you need to use ranges that are located on different sheets from each other, it is recommended that you use the array form of the INDEX function, and use another function to calculate the range that makes up the array. For example, you could use the CHOOSE function to calculate which range will be used.
For example, if Reference describes the cells (A1:B4,D1:E4,G1:H4), area_num 1 is the range A1:B4, area_num 2 is the range D1:E4, and area_num 3 is the range G1:H4.
After reference and area_num have selected a particular range, row_num and column_num select a particular cell: row_num 1 is the first row in the range, column_num 1 is the first column, and so on. The reference returned by INDEX is the intersection of row_num and column_num.
If you set row_num or column_num to 0 (zero), INDEX returns the reference for the entire column or row, respectively.
row_num, column_num, and area_num must point to a cell within reference; otherwise, INDEX returns a #REF! error. If row_num and column_num are omitted, INDEX returns the area in reference specified by area_num.
The result of the INDEX function is a reference and is interpreted as such by other formulas. Depending on the formula, the return value of INDEX may be used as a reference or as a value. For example, the formula CELL(«width»,INDEX(A1:B2,1,2)) is equivalent to CELL(«width»,B1). The CELL function uses the return value of INDEX as a cell reference. On the other hand, a formula such as 2*INDEX(A1:B2,1,2) translates the return value of INDEX into the number in cell B1.
Examples
Copy the example data in the following table, and paste it in cell A1 of a new Excel worksheet. For formulas to show results, select them, press F2, and then press Enter.
Источник
Look up values with VLOOKUP, INDEX, or MATCH
Tip: Try using the new XLOOKUP and XMATCH functions, improved versions of the functions described in this article. These new functions work in any direction and return exact matches by default, making them easier and more convenient to use than their predecessors.
Suppose that you have a list of office location numbers, and you need to know which employees are in each office. The spreadsheet is huge, so you might think it is challenging task. It’s actually quite easy to do with a lookup function.
The VLOOKUP and HLOOKUP functions, together with INDEX and MATCH, are some of the most useful functions in Excel.
Note: The Lookup Wizard feature is no longer available in Excel.
Here’s an example of how to use VLOOKUP.
In this example, B2 is the first argument—an element of data that the function needs to work. For VLOOKUP, this first argument is the value that you want to find. This argument can be a cell reference, or a fixed value such as «smith» or 21,000. The second argument is the range of cells, C2-:E7, in which to search for the value you want to find. The third argument is the column in that range of cells that contains the value that you seek.
The fourth argument is optional. Enter either TRUE or FALSE. If you enter TRUE, or leave the argument blank, the function returns an approximate match of the value you specify in the first argument. If you enter FALSE, the function will match the value provide by the first argument. In other words, leaving the fourth argument blank—or entering TRUE—gives you more flexibility.
This example shows you how the function works. When you enter a value in cell B2 (the first argument), VLOOKUP searches the cells in the range C2:E7 (2nd argument) and returns the closest approximate match from the third column in the range, column E (3rd argument).
The fourth argument is empty, so the function returns an approximate match. If it didn’t, you’d have to enter one of the values in columns C or D to get a result at all.
When you’re comfortable with VLOOKUP, the HLOOKUP function is equally easy to use. You enter the same arguments, but it searches in rows instead of columns.
Using INDEX and MATCH instead of VLOOKUP
There are certain limitations with using VLOOKUP—the VLOOKUP function can only look up a value from left to right. This means that the column containing the value you look up should always be located to the left of the column containing the return value. Now if your spreadsheet isn’t built this way, then do not use VLOOKUP. Use the combination of INDEX and MATCH functions instead.
This example shows a small list where the value we want to search on, Chicago, isn’t in the leftmost column. So, we can’t use VLOOKUP. Instead, we’ll use the MATCH function to find Chicago in the range B1:B11. It’s found in row 4. Then, INDEX uses that value as the lookup argument, and finds the population for Chicago in the 4th column (column D). The formula used is shown in cell A14.
For more examples of using INDEX and MATCH instead of VLOOKUP, see the article https://www.mrexcel.com/excel-tips/excel-vlookup-index-match/ by Bill Jelen, Microsoft MVP.
Give it a try
If you want to experiment with lookup functions before you try them out with your own data, here’s some sample data.
VLOOKUP Example at work
Copy the following data into a blank spreadsheet.
Tip: Before you paste the data into Excel, set the column widths for columns A through C to 250 pixels, and click Wrap Text ( Home tab, Alignment group).
Источник
INDEX Function
Summary
The Excel INDEX function returns the value at a given location in a range or array. You can use INDEX to retrieve individual values, or entire rows and columns. The MATCH function is often used together with INDEX to provide row and column numbers.
Purpose
Return value
Arguments
- array — A range of cells, or an array constant.
- row_num — The row position in the reference or array.
- col_num — [optional] The column position in the reference or array.
- area_num — [optional] The range in reference that should be used.
Syntax
Usage notes
The INDEX function returns the value at a given location in a range or array. INDEX is a powerful and versatile function. You can use INDEX to retrieve individual values, or entire rows and columns. INDEX is frequently used together with the MATCH function. In this scenario, the MATCH function locates and feeds a position to the INDEX function, and INDEX returns the value at that position.
In the most common usage, INDEX takes three arguments: array, row_num, and col_num. Array is the range or array from which to retrieve values. Row_num is the row number from which to retrieve a value, and col_num is the column number at which to retrieve a value. Col_num is optional and not needed when array is one-dimensional.
In the example shown above, the goal is to get the diameter of the planet Jupiter. Because Jupiter is the fifth planet in the list, and Diameter is the third column, the formula in G7 is:
The formula above is of limited value because the row number and column number have been hard-coded. Typically, the MATCH function would be used inside INDEX to provide these numbers. For a detailed explanation with many examples, see: How to use INDEX and MATCH.
Basic usage
INDEX gets a value at a given location in a range of cells based on numeric position. When the range is one-dimensional, you only need to supply a row number. When the range is two-dimensional, you’ll need to supply both the row and column number. For example, to get the third item from the one-dimensional range A1:A5:
The formulas below show how INDEX can be used to get a value from a two-dimensional range:
INDEX and MATCH
In the examples above, the position is «hardcoded». Typically, the MATCH function is used to find positions for INDEX. For example, in the screen below, the MATCH function is used to locate «Mars» (G6) in row 3 and feed that position to INDEX. The formula in G7 is:
MATCH provides the row number (4) to INDEX. The column number is still hardcoded as 3.
INDEX and MATCH with horizontal table
In the screen below, the table above has been transposed horizontally. The MATCH function returns the column number (4) and the row number is hardcoded as 2. The formula in C10 is:
For a detailed explanation with many examples, see: How to use INDEX and MATCH
Entire row / column
INDEX can be used to return entire columns or rows like this:
where n represents the number of the column or row to return. This example shows a practical application of this idea.
Reference as result
It’s important to note that the INDEX function returns a reference as a result. For example, in the following formula, INDEX returns A2:
In a typical formula, you’ll see the value in cell A2 as the result, so it’s not obvious that INDEX is returning a reference. However, this is a useful feature in formulas like this one, which uses INDEX to create a dynamic named range. You can use the CELL function to report the reference returned by INDEX.
Two forms
The INDEX function has two forms: array and reference. Both forms have the same behavior – INDEX returns a reference in an array based on a given row and column location. The difference is that the reference form of INDEX allows more than one array, along with an optional argument to select which array should be used. Most formulas use the array form of INDEX, but both forms are discussed below.
Array form
In the array form of INDEX, the first parameter is an array, which is supplied as a range of cells or an array constant. The syntax for the array form of INDEX is:
- If both row_num and col_num are supplied, INDEX returns the value in the cell at the intersection of row_num and col_num.
- If row_num is set to zero, INDEX returns an array of values for an entire column. To use these array values, you can enter the INDEX function as an array formula in horizontal range, or feed the array into another function.
- If col_num is set to zero, INDEX returns an array of values for an entire row. To use these array values, you can enter the INDEX function as an array formula in vertical range, or feed the array into another function.
Reference form
In the reference form of INDEX, the first parameter is a reference to one or more ranges, and a fourth optional argument, area_num, is provided to select the appropriate range. The syntax for the reference form of INDEX is:
Just like the array form of INDEX, the reference form of INDEX returns the reference of the cell at the intersection row_num and col_num. The difference is that the reference argument contains more than one range, and area_num selects which range should be used. The area_num is argument is supplied as a number that acts like a numeric index. The first array inside reference is 1, the second array is 2, and so on.
For example, in the formula below, area_num is supplied as 2, which refers to the range A7:C10:
In the above formula, INDEX will return the value at row 1 and column 3 of A7:C10.
- Multiple ranges in reference are separated by commas and enclosed in parentheses.
- All ranges must on one sheet or INDEX will return a #VALUE error. Use the CHOOSE function as a workaround.
Источник
The INDEX function returns the value at a given location in a range or array. INDEX is a powerful and versatile function. You can use INDEX to retrieve individual values, or entire rows and columns. INDEX is frequently used together with the MATCH function. In this scenario, the MATCH function locates and feeds a position to the INDEX function, and INDEX returns the value at that position.
In the most common usage, INDEX takes three arguments: array, row_num, and col_num. Array is the range or array from which to retrieve values. Row_num is the row number from which to retrieve a value, and col_num is the column number at which to retrieve a value. Col_num is optional and not needed when array is one-dimensional.
In the example shown above, the goal is to get the diameter of the planet Jupiter. Because Jupiter is the fifth planet in the list, and Diameter is the third column, the formula in G7 is:
=INDEX(B5:E13,5,3) // diameter of Jupiter
The formula above is of limited value because the row number and column number have been hard-coded. Typically, the MATCH function would be used inside INDEX to provide these numbers. For a detailed explanation with many examples, see: How to use INDEX and MATCH.
Basic usage
INDEX gets a value at a given location in a range of cells based on numeric position. When the range is one-dimensional, you only need to supply a row number. When the range is two-dimensional, you’ll need to supply both the row and column number. For example, to get the third item from the one-dimensional range A1:A5:
=INDEX(A1:A5,3) // returns value in A3
The formulas below show how INDEX can be used to get a value from a two-dimensional range:
=INDEX(A1:B5,2,2) // returns value in B2
=INDEX(A1:B5,3,1) // returns value in A3
INDEX and MATCH
In the examples above, the position is «hardcoded». Typically, the MATCH function is used to find positions for INDEX. For example, in the screen below, the MATCH function is used to locate «Mars» (G6) in row 3 and feed that position to INDEX. The formula in G7 is:
=INDEX(B5:E13,MATCH(G6,B5:B13,0),3)
MATCH provides the row number (4) to INDEX. The column number is still hardcoded as 3.
INDEX and MATCH with horizontal table
In the screen below, the table above has been transposed horizontally. The MATCH function returns the column number (4) and the row number is hardcoded as 2. The formula in C10 is:
=INDEX(C4:K6,2,MATCH(C9,C4:K4,0))
For a detailed explanation with many examples, see: How to use INDEX and MATCH
Entire row / column
INDEX can be used to return entire columns or rows like this:
=INDEX(range,0,n) // entire column
=INDEX(range,n,0) // entire row
where n represents the number of the column or row to return. This example shows a practical application of this idea.
Reference as result
It’s important to note that the INDEX function returns a reference as a result. For example, in the following formula, INDEX returns A2:
=INDEX(A1:A5,2) // returns A2
In a typical formula, you’ll see the value in cell A2 as the result, so it’s not obvious that INDEX is returning a reference. However, this is a useful feature in formulas like this one, which uses INDEX to create a dynamic named range. You can use the CELL function to report the reference returned by INDEX.
Two forms
The INDEX function has two forms: array and reference. Both forms have the same behavior – INDEX returns a reference in an array based on a given row and column location. The difference is that the reference form of INDEX allows more than one array, along with an optional argument to select which array should be used. Most formulas use the array form of INDEX, but both forms are discussed below.
Array form
In the array form of INDEX, the first parameter is an array, which is supplied as a range of cells or an array constant. The syntax for the array form of INDEX is:
INDEX(array,row_num,[col_num])
- If both row_num and col_num are supplied, INDEX returns the value in the cell at the intersection of row_num and col_num.
- If row_num is set to zero, INDEX returns an array of values for an entire column. To use these array values, you can enter the INDEX function as an array formula in horizontal range, or feed the array into another function.
- If col_num is set to zero, INDEX returns an array of values for an entire row. To use these array values, you can enter the INDEX function as an array formula in vertical range, or feed the array into another function.
Reference form
In the reference form of INDEX, the first parameter is a reference to one or more ranges, and a fourth optional argument, area_num, is provided to select the appropriate range. The syntax for the reference form of INDEX is:
INDEX(reference,row_num,[col_num],[area_num])
Just like the array form of INDEX, the reference form of INDEX returns the reference of the cell at the intersection row_num and col_num. The difference is that the reference argument contains more than one range, and area_num selects which range should be used. The area_num is argument is supplied as a number that acts like a numeric index. The first array inside reference is 1, the second array is 2, and so on.
For example, in the formula below, area_num is supplied as 2, which refers to the range A7:C10:
=INDEX((A1:C5,A7:C10),1,3,2)
In the above formula, INDEX will return the value at row 1 and column 3 of A7:C10.
- Multiple ranges in reference are separated by commas and enclosed in parentheses.
- All ranges must on one sheet or INDEX will return a #VALUE error. Use the CHOOSE function as a workaround.
Функция INDEX (ИНДЕКС) в Excel используется для получения данных из таблицы, при условии что вы знаете номер строки и столбца, в котором эти данные находятся.
Например, в таблице ниже, вы можете использовать эту функцию для того, чтобы получить результаты экзамена по Физике у Андрея, зная номер строки и столбца, в которых эти данные находятся.
Содержание
- Что возвращает функция
- Синтаксис
- Аргументы функции
- Дополнительная информация
- Примеры использования функции ИНДЕКС в Excel
- Пример 1. Ищем результаты экзамена по физике для Алексея
- Пример 2. Создаем динамический поиск значений с использованием функций ИНДЕКС и ПОИСКПОЗ
- Пример 3. Создаем динамический поиск значений с использованием функций INDEX (ИНДЕКС) и MATCH (ПОИСКПОЗ) и выпадающего списка
- Пример 4. Использование трехстороннего поиска с помощью INDEX (ИНДЕКС) / MATCH (ПОИСКПОЗ)
Что возвращает функция
Возвращает данные из конкретной строки и столбца табличных данных.
Синтаксис
=INDEX (array, row_num, [col_num]) — английская версия
=INDEX (array, row_num, [col_num], [area_num]) — английская версия
=ИНДЕКС(массив; номер_строки; [номер_столбца]) — русская версия
=ИНДЕКС(ссылка; номер_строки; [номер_столбца]; [номер_области]) — русская версия
Аргументы функции
- array (массив) — диапазон ячеек или массив данных для поиска;
- row_num (номер_строки) — номер строки, в которой находятся искомые данные;
- [col_num] ([номер_столбца]) (необязательный аргумент) — номер колонки, в которой находятся искомые данные. Этот аргумент необязательный. Но если в аргументах функции не указаны критерии для row_num (номер_строки), необходимо указать аргумент col_num (номер_столбца);
- [area_num] ([номер_области]) — (необязательный аргумент) — если аргумент массива состоит из нескольких диапазонов, то это число будет использоваться для выбора всех диапазонов.
Дополнительная информация
- Если номер строки или колонки равен “0”, то функция возвращает данные всей строки или колонки;
- Если функция используется перед ссылкой на ячейку (например, A1), она возвращает ссылку на ячейку вместо значения (см. примеры ниже);
- Чаще всего INDEX (ИНДЕКС) используется совместно с функцией MATCH (ПОИСКПОЗ);
- В отличие от функции VLOOKUP (ВПР), функция INDEX (ИНДЕКС) может возвращать данные как справа от искомого значения, так и слева;
- Функция используется в двух формах — Массива данных и Формы ссылки на данные:
— Форма «Массива» используется когда вы хотите найти значения, основанные на конкретных номерах строк и столбцов таблицы;
— Форма «Ссылок на данные» используется при поиске значений в нескольких таблицах (используете аргумент [area_num] ([номер_области]) для выбора таблицы и только потом сориентируете функцию по номеру строки и столбца.
Примеры использования функции ИНДЕКС в Excel
Пример 1. Ищем результаты экзамена по физике для Алексея
Предположим, у вас есть результаты экзаменов в табличном виде по нескольким студентам:
Для того, чтобы найти результаты экзамена по физике для Андрея нам нужна формула:
=INDEX($B$3:$E$9,3,2) — английская версия
=ИНДЕКС($B$3:$E$9;3;2) — русская версия
В формуле мы определили аргумент диапазона данных, где мы будем искать данные $B$3:$E$9. Затем, указали номер строки “3”, в которой находятся результаты экзамена для Андрея, и номер колонки “2”, где находятся результаты экзамена именно по физике.
Пример 2. Создаем динамический поиск значений с использованием функций ИНДЕКС и ПОИСКПОЗ
Не всегда есть возможность указать номера строки и столбца вручную. У вас может быть огромная таблица данных, отображение данных которой вы можете сделать динамическим, чтобы функция автоматически идентифицировала имя или экзамен, указанные в ячейках, и дала правильный результат.
Пример динамического отображения данных ниже:
Для динамического отображения данных мы используем комбинацию функций INDEX (ИНДЕКС) и MATCH (ПОИСКПОЗ).
Вот такая формула поможет нам добиться результата:
=INDEX($B$3:$E$9,MATCH($G$4,$A$3:$A$9,0),MATCH($H$3,$B$2:$E$2,0)) — английская версия
=ИНДЕКС($B$3:$E$9;ПОИСКПОЗ($G$4;$A$3:$A$9;0);ПОИСКПОЗ($H$3;$B$2:$E$2;0)) — русская версия
В формуле выше, не используя сложного программирования, мы с помощью функции MATCH (ПОИСКПОЗ) сделали отображение данных динамическим.
Динамический отображение строки задается следующей частью формулы —
MATCH($G$4,$A$3:$A$9,0) — английская версия
ПОИСКПОЗ($G$4;$A$3:$A$9;0) — русская версия
Она сканирует имена студентов и определяет значение поиска ($G$4 в нашем случае). Затем она возвращает номер строки для поиска в наборе данных. Например, если значение поиска равно Алексей, функция вернет “1”, если это Максим, оно вернет “4” и так далее.
Динамическое отображение данных столбца задается следующей частью формулы —
MATCH($H$3,$B$2:$E$2,0) — английская версия
ПОИСКПОЗ($H$3;$B$2:$E$2;0) — русская версия
Она сканирует имена объектов и определяет значение поиска ($H$3 в нашем случае). Затем она возвращает номер столбца для поиска в наборе данных. Например, если значение поиска Математика, функция вернет “1”, если это Физика, функция вернет “2” и так далее.
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Пример 3. Создаем динамический поиск значений с использованием функций INDEX (ИНДЕКС) и MATCH (ПОИСКПОЗ) и выпадающего списка
На примере выше мы вручную вводили имена студентов и названия предметов. Вы можете сэкономить время на вводе данных, используя выпадающие списки. Это актуально, когда количество данных огромное.
Используя выпадающие списки, вам нужно просто выбрать из списка имя студента и функция автоматически найдет и подставит необходимые данные.
Пример ниже:
Используя такой подход, вы можете создать удобный дашборд, например для учителя. Ему не придется заниматься фильтрацией данных или прокруткой листа со студентами, для того чтобы найти результаты экзамена конкретного студента, достаточно просто выбрать имя и результаты динамически отразятся в лаконичной и удобной форме.
Для того, чтобы осуществить динамическую подстановку данных с использованием функций INDEX (ИНДЕКС) и MATCH (ПОИСКПОЗ) и выпадающего списка, мы используем ту же формулу, что в Примере 2:
=INDEX($B$3:$E$9,MATCH($G$4,$A$3:$A$9,0),MATCH($H$3,$B$2:$E$2,0)) — английская версия
=ИНДЕКС($B$3:$E$9;ПОИСКПОЗ($G$4;$A$3:$A$9;0);ПОИСКПОЗ($H$3;$B$2:$E$2;0)) — русская версия
Единственное отличие, от Примера 2, мы на месте ввода имени и предмета создадим выпадающие списки:
- Выбираем ячейку, в которой мы хотим отобразить выпадающий список с именами студентов;
- Кликаем на вкладку “Data” => Data Tools => Data Validation;
- В окне Data Validation на вкладке “Settings” в подразделе Allow выбираем “List”;
- В качестве Source нам нужно выбрать диапазон ячеек, в котором указаны имена студентов;
- Кликаем ОК
Теперь у вас есть выпадающий список с именами студентов в ячейке G5. Таким же образом вы можете создать выпадающий список с предметами.
Пример 4. Использование трехстороннего поиска с помощью INDEX (ИНДЕКС) / MATCH (ПОИСКПОЗ)
Функция INDEX (ИНДЕКС) может быть использована для обработки трехсторонних запросов.
Что такое трехсторонний поиск?
В приведенных выше примерах мы использовали одну таблицу с оценками для студентов по разным предметам. Это пример двунаправленного поиска, поскольку мы используем две переменные для получения оценки (имя студента и предмет).
Теперь предположим, что к концу года студент прошел три уровня экзаменов: «Вступительный», «Полугодовой» и «Итоговый экзамен».
Трехсторонний поиск — это возможность получить отметки студента по заданному предмету с указанным уровнем экзамена.
Вот пример трехстороннего поиска:
В приведенном выше примере, кроме выбора имени студента и названия предмета, вы также можете выбрать уровень экзамена. Основываясь на уровне экзамена, формула возвращает соответствующее значение из одной из трех таблиц.
Для таких расчетов нам поможет формула:
=INDEX(($B$3:$E$7,$B$11:$E$15,$B$19:$E$23),MATCH($G$4,$A$3:$A$7,0),MATCH($H$3,$B$2:$E$2,0),IF($H$2=»Вступительный»,1,IF($H$2=»Полугодовой»,2,3))) — английская версия
=ИНДЕКС(($B$3:$E$7;$B$11:$E$15;$B$19:$E$23);ПОИСКПОЗ($G$4;$A$3:$A$7;0);ПОИСКПОЗ($H$3;$B$2:$E$2;0); ЕСЛИ($H$2=»Вступительный»;1;ЕСЛИ($H$2=»Полугодовой»;2;3))) — русская версия
Давайте разберем эту формулу, чтобы понять, как она работает.
Эта формула принимает четыре аргумента. Функция INDEX (ИНДЕКС) — одна из тех функций в Excel, которая имеет более одного синтаксиса.
=INDEX (array, row_num, [col_num]) — английская версия
=INDEX (array, row_num, [col_num], [area_num]) — английская версия
=ИНДЕКС(массив; номер_строки; [номер_столбца]) — русская версия
=ИНДЕКС(ссылка; номер_строки; [номер_столбца]; [номер_области]) — русская версия
По всем вышеприведенным примерам мы использовали первый синтаксис, но для трехстороннего поиска нам нужно использовать второй синтаксис.
Рассмотрим каждую часть формулы на основе второго синтаксиса.
- array (массив) – ($B$3:$E$7,$B$11:$E$15,$B$19:$E$23):Вместо использования одного массива, в данном случае мы использовали три массива в круглых скобках.
- row_num (номер_строки) – MATCH($G$4,$A$3:$A$7,0): функция MATCH (ПОИСКПОЗ) используется для поиска имени студента для ячейки $G$4 из списка всех студентов.
- col_num (номер_столбца) – MATCH($H$3,$B$2:$E$2,0): функция MATCH (ПОИСКПОЗ) используется для поиска названия предмета для ячейки $H$3 из списка всех предметов.
- [area_num] ([номер_области]) – IF($H$2=”Вступительный”,1,IF($H$2=”Полугодовой”,2,3)): Значение номера области сообщает функции INDEX (ИНДЕКС), какой массив с данными выбрать. В этом примере у нас есть три массива в первом аргументе. Если вы выберете «Вступительный» из раскрывающегося меню, функция IF (ЕСЛИ) вернет значение “1”, а функция INDEX (ИНДЕКС) выберут 1-й массив из трех массивов ($B$3:$E$7).
Уверен, что теперь вы подробно изучили работу функции INDEX (ИНДЕКС) в Excel!
In this article I will explain the INDEX() function in Excel. Basically this function receives a range of cells, a row index and a column index as input. It returns the the value or reference of the cell at the specified row and column index.
Jump To:
- Syntax
- Example 1
- Example 2
- Example 3
- Example 4
Syntax:
=INDEX(Range, row_Index, column_Index, Area)
Range: A range of cells
row_Index: The row index of the cell value or reference desired. Note this is the row index relative to the range.
column_Index: The column index of the cell value or referenced desired. Note this is the column index relative to the range.
Area: In case multiple ranges have been chosen, this parameter selects which range is intended.
Example 1:
=Index(E1:G3, 2, 3)
Result: The value in the the second row, third column (column G) of the table is returned
You can download the workbook for example 1 and 2 here.
–
Example 2:
=Index(F3:G5, 3, 2)
Result: The value in the the third row (row 5), second column (column G) of the table is returned:
You can download the workbook for example 1 and 2 here.
–
Example 3:
In this example it is assumed we have a database of information on sheet2.
Database in sheet2:
On cell A2 of sheet1 the user will input a row index. Based on the row index selected selected the values in cells C2, D2, E2 and F2 are updated. In the figure below the user has selected the row index 4. The row index 4 corresponds to the name “Emma”, age “30”, account balance “$12,484.00” and account number “1654567”:
In the figure below the user has input “2” in cell A2. The row index 2 corresponds to the name “John”, age “50”, account balance “$85,541.00” and account number “1654565”:
Below you can see the formulas used in each cell:
Cell C2: The formula used in this cell is:
=INDEX(Sheet2!A2:A9, $A2, 1)
Sheet2!A2:A9:The range in Sheet2 with the names in it:
$A2: The cell where the row index is input by the user:
“1”: The column index in the range Sheet2!A2:A9 to retrieve the value from. Note that the range Sheet2!A2:A9 only has 1 column therefore the column index could have been omitted. The formula below would have returned the same value:
=INDEX(Sheet2!A2:A9, $A2)
Cell D2: Similar to cell C2. The input range (=INDEX(Sheet2!B2:B9, $A2, 1)) is the second column in sheet2 (the range with the ages in it):
The rest of the parameters are the same as cell C2.
Cell E2: Similar to cell C2. The input range (=INDEX(Sheet2!C2:C9, $A2, 1)) is the third column in sheet2 (the range with the Account Balances in it):
The rest of the parameters are the same as cell C2.
Cell F2: Similar to cell C2. The input range(=INDEX(Sheet2!D2:D9, $A2, 1)) is the third column in sheet2 (the range with the Account Numbers in it):
The rest of the parameters are the same as cell C2. You can download the workbook for example 3 here.
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Example 4:
In this example it is assumed we have the following data in sheet2:
As you can see in the figure above, in column B there are payment values and in column B there is the date when each payment was made. What we want to do, is to be able to choose a starting and ending row index, and to find the total sum of payments made between those 2 rows:
The value 221$ displayed in cell B3 in the figure above is equivalent to the sum of the cells B2 to B5 in sheet2:
By changing the values in cells B1 and B2 of Sheet1, the value in cell B3 will be updated accordingly:
By changing cell B1 to 3 and B2 to 9 in the figure above, cell B3 will show the sum of the cells below:
Probably wondering how this was done. This can be achieved by using the formula below in cell B3 in sheet1:
=SUM(INDEX(Sheet2!B2:B10, B1, 1):INDEX(Sheet2!B2:B10,B2, 1))
The syntax for the SUM function is:
=SUM(Cell1:Cell2)
So basically instead of Cell1 I’ve used:
INDEX(Sheet2!B2:B10, B1, 1)
and instead of Cell2 I’ve used:
INDEX(Sheet2!B2:B10, B2, 1)
As you can see in this example the INDEX function is returning a reference to a cell rather than the cell value as in the previous examples.
Sheet2!B2:B10: The range which the payments are located in:
=SUM(INDEX(Sheet2!B2:B10, B1, 1):INDEX(Sheet2!B2:B10,B2, 1))
B2 and B1: References to the values in cells B1 and B2 in sheet1. They contain the row index of the cell which the INDEX() function is supposed to return a reference to:
=SUM(INDEX(Sheet2!B2:B10, B1, 1):INDEX(Sheet2!B2:B10,B2, 1))
The number “1”: The column INDEX from which the INDEX function is supposed to return the cell reference from. Since the input range has only one column, the number “1” could have been omitted from the input parameters.
For the first example above where B1 = 1 and B2 = 4 the formula
=SUM(INDEX(Sheet2!B2:B10, B1, 1):INDEX(Sheet2!B2:B10,B2, 1))
would be equivalent to:
=SUM(Sheet2!B2:Sheet2!B5)
and for the second example where B1 = 3 and B2 = 9 the formula
=SUM(INDEX(Sheet2!B2:B10, B1, 1):INDEX(Sheet2!B2:B10,B2, 1))
would be equivalent to:
=SUM(Sheet2!B4:Sheet2!B10)
You can download the workbook for example 4 here.
See also:
- Excel VLOOKUP vs INDEX and MATCH Speed Comparison
- Excel INDEX MATCH Functions
- Excel, MATCH() function
If you need assistance with your code, or you are looking to hire a VBA programmer feel free to contact me. Also please visit my website www.software-solutions-online.com