Can you explain this word for to by me

Помогите сделать пожалуйста. Срочно нужно!

I. Fill in the article a or the where necessary
1. In the evening the English have a simple supper … omelette or … sausages, sometimes … bacon and … sometimes just … bread and … cheese, … cup of … or … cocoa and … fruit.
2. It was … fine day, early in June, and … air was bright.
3. We usually do … lot during our English lessons. We read and translate … texts and write … short dictation.
4. We live in … old house in … middle of the village. There is … beautiful garden behind … house … roof of … house is red.

II. Choose the suitable preposition.
1. The beach is lovely, so I lie all day reading and listening (to, in, at) CDs
2. Take (away, off, of) your jacket! It is hot here.
3. I like to listen ( -, to, 0n) the radio when I drive to work.
4. The rain was beating (at, against, onto) the windows.
5. The vase fell on the floor and broke (in, into) pieces.
6. Can you explain this word (for, to, by) me?
7. They have waited here (since, from, at) ten o’clock.
8. May I introduce myself (to, for, with) you?

III. Choose the suitable pronoun.
1. It’s too dark here. I can’t see (nothing, anything, something)
2. (Nobody, Anybody, Somebody) can solve this problem. It’s far too easy.
3. There weren’t (many, no, much) people in the street.
4. She has never been allowed to go there by (her, herself).
5. He can’t find (no, little, any) books on geography at the local library.

IV. Use the correct tense-forms of the verbs in brackets
1. While the children (to play) football, the rain began to fall.
2. That light (to shine) in my eyes. Please, turn it off.
3. We’ll have supper as soon as Dad (to come) home from work.
4. Tell me if you (to be) able to return by next Monday.
5. If you wash the dishes, I (to do) the ironing.
6. Susan will never talk to you if you (not to apologize) to her.
7. Do you think our school team (to do) well in the tournament?

V. Put the words in the right order to make up a sentence
1. idea/ ask/ to/ a/ it/ the/ was/ good/ way/ him.
2. entertain/ ago/ people/ a/ years/ how/ themselves/ to/ hundred/ knew.
3. Mr. Winkle/ to/ skates/ on/ trying/ his/ was/ put
4. the/ was/ had/ most/ that/ play/ I/ boring/ ever/ seen.
5. children/ very/ some/ quickly/ learn/ languages

ENGLISH GRAMMAR IN USE FOR INTERMEDIATE

UNIT 132. Verb + preposition 1     to and at

A	Verb+ to Talk /speak TO somebody (with is also possible but less usual) √ Who was that man you were talking to? Listen TO … √ We spent the evening listening to music. (not listening music) apologise TO somebody (for …) √ They apologised to me for what happened. (not They apologised me) explain something TO somebody √ Can you explain this word to me? (not explain me this word) explain /describe (to somebody) what/how/why … √ I explained to them why I was worried. (not I explained them) Let me describe to you what I saw. (not Let me describe you) √
B	We do not use to with these verbs: phone /call /email /text somebody √ I called the airline to cancel my flight. (not called to the airline) but write (a letter) to somebody answer somebody/something √ He refused to answer my question. (not answer to my question) but reply to an email I a letter etc. ask somebody √ Can I ask you a question? (not ask to you) thank somebody (for something) √ He thanked me for helping him. (not He thanked to me)
C	Verb + at Look /stare /glance AT .. . , have a look /take a look AT … √ Why are you looking at me like that ? laugh AT .. . √ I look stupid with this haircut. Everybody will laugh at me. aim /point (something) AT … , shoot /fire (a gun) AT … √ Don’t point that knife at me. It’s dangerous. We saw someone with a gun shooting at birds, but he didn’t hit any. √
D	Some verbs can be followed by at or to, with a difference in meaning. For example: shout AT somebody (when you are angry) √ He got very angry and started shouting at me. shout TO somebody (so that they can hear you) √ He shouted to me from the other side of the street. throw something AT somebody/something (in order to hit them) √ Somebody threw an egg at the minister. throw something TO somebody (for somebody to catch) √ Lisa shouted ‘Catch!’ and threw the keys to me from the window.

EXERCISES

132.1	Which is correct?
132,2	Complete the sentences. Use these verbs + the correct preposition: explain laugh listen look point reply speak throw throw 1 I look stupid with this haircut. Everybody will ____ laugh at _______ me. 2 I don’t understand this. Can you _____ explain______ me? 3 Sue and Kevin had an argument and now they’re refusing to ______________ each other. Be careful with those scissors! Don’t ______________ them ______________ me! I’m not sure where we are. I’ll have to ______________ the map. Please ______________ me! I’ve got something important to tell you. 4 5 6 7 Don’t ______________ stones ______________ the birds! it’s cruel. If you don’t want that sandwich, ______________ it ______________ the birds. They’ll eat it. I tried to contact Tina, but she didn’t ______________ my emails. 8 9
132.3	Put in to or at. 1 They apologised ___ to ___ me for what happened. 2 I glanced ____________ my watch to see what time it was. Please don’t shout ____________ me! Try to calm down. I saw Sue as I was cycling along the road. I shouted ____________ her, but she didn’t hear me. Don’t listen ____________ what he says. He doesn’t know what he’s talking about. What’s so funny? What are you laughing ____________? 3 4 5 6 7 Could I have a look ____________ your magazine, please? I’m lonely. I need somebody to talk ____________. She was so angry she threw a book ____________ the wall. The woman sitting opposite me on the train kept staring ____________ me. Can I speak ____________ you a moment? There’s something I want to ask you. 8 9 10 11

ANSWER KEY

A

Глагол + to

talk / speak TO somebody (with также можно, но используется реже)

• Who was that man you were talking to?
  С кем ты разговаривала? (досл.: кто был тот человек/мужчина, с которым ты разговаривала?)

listen TO …

• We spent the evening listening to music. (not listening music)
  Мы провели вечер, слушая музыку.

write (a letter) TO …

• I wrote to the hotel complaining about the poor service we had received.
  Я написал в гостиницу жалобу на плохое обслуживание, которое мы получили.

apologise TO somebody (for …)

• They apologised to me for what happened. (not They apologised me)
  Они извинились мне за то, что произошло.

explain something TO somebody

• Can you explain this word to me? (not explain me this word)
  Можешь объяснить мне это слово?

explain / describe (to somebody) what/how/why …

• I explained to them why I was worried. (not I explained them)
  Я объяснил им, почему я волновался.
• Let me describe to you what I saw. (not Let me describe you)
  Давай я опишу тебе то, что я видел.

B

Мы не используем to с этими глаголами:

phone / telephone / call somebody

• Did you phone your father yesterday? (not phone to your father)
  Ты звонил вчера своему отцу?

answer somebody/something

• He refused to answer my question. (not answer to my question)
  Он отказался отвечать на мой вопрос.

ask somebody

• Can I ask you a question? (not ask to you)
  Могу я задать тебе вопрос?

thank somebody (for something)

• He thanked me for helping him. (not He thanked to me)
  Он поблагодарил меня за то, что я ему помогла.

C

Глагол + at

look / stare / glance AT … , have a look / take a look AT …

• Why are you looking at me like that?
  Почему ты на меня так смотришь?

laugh AT …

• I look stupid with this haircut. Everybody will laugh at me.
  Я выгляжу глупо с этой прической. Все смеются надо мной.

aim / point (something) AT … , shoot / fire (a gun) AT …

• Don’t point that knife at me. It’s dangerous.
  Не направляй этот нож на меня. Это опасно.
• We saw someone with a gun shooting at birds, but he didn’t hit any.
  Мы увидели кого-то с ружьем, стреляющего по птицам/в птиц, но он ни в одну не попал.

D

После некоторых глаголов могут следовать at или to, значение при этом меняется. Например:

shout AT somebody (когда вы сердитесь)

• He got very angry and started shouting at me.
  Он сильно разозлился и начал кричать на меня.

shout TO somebody (так, чтобы вас услышали)

• He shouted to me from the other side of the street.
  Он кричал мне с другой стороны улицы.

throw something AT somebody/something (чтобы в них попало)

• Somebody threw an egg at the minister.
  Кто-то бросил яйцо в министра.

throw something TO somebody (для того, чтобы кто-нибудь поймал)

• Lisa shouted ‘Catch!’ and threw the keys to me from the window.
  Лиза крикнула ‘Лови!’ и бросила мне ключи из окна.

Упражнения

1. Вы просите кого-нибудь, чтобы вам объяснили то, что вы не понимаете. Напишите вопросы, начиная с Can you explain … ?

1. (I don’t understand this word.)
2. (I don’t understand what you mean.)
3. (I don’t understand this question.)
4. (I don’t understand the problem.)
5. (I don’t understand how this machine works.)
6. (I don’t understand what I have to do.)

2. Выберите to там, где необходимо, или оставьте поле пустым, если предложение уже закончено.

3. Закончите предложения. Используйте следующие глаголы (в правильной форме) + правильный предлог:

explain glance laugh listen point speak throw throw

1. I look stupid with this haircut. Everybody will me.
2. I don’t understand this. Can you it me?
3. Sue and Kevin had an argument and now they’re not one another.
4. Be careful with those scissors! Don’t them me!
5. I my watch to see what the time was.
6. Please me! I’ve got something important to tell you.
7. Don’t stones the birds! It’s cruel.
8. If you don’t want that sandwich, it the birds. They’ll eat it.

4. Выберите to или at.

1 a  Can you explain this word to me?

   b  Can you explain me this word?

2 a  I got angry with Mark. Afterwards, I apologised to him.

   b I  got angry with Mark. Afterwards I apologised him.

3 a  Amy won’t be able to help you. There’s no point in asking to her.

   b  Amy won’t be able to help you. There’s no point in asking her.

4 a  I need somebody to explain me what I have to do.

   b  I need somebody to explain to me what I have to do.

5 a  They didn’t understand the system, so I explained it to them.

   b  They didn’t understand the system, so I explained it them.

6 a  I like to sit on the beach and listen to the sound of the sea.

   b  I like to sit on the beach and listen the sound of the sea.

7 a  I asked them to describe me exactly what happened.

   b  I asked them to describe to me exactly what happened.

8 a  We’d better phone the restaurant to reserve a table.

   b  We’d better phone to the restaurant to reserve a table.

9 a  It was a difficult question. I couldn’t answer to it.

   b  It was a difficult question. I couldn’t answer it.

10 a  I explained everybody the reasons for my decision.

     b  I explained to everybody the reasons for my decision.

11 a  I thanked everybody for all the help they had given me.

     b  I thanked to everybody for all the help they had given me.

12 a  My friend texted to me to let me know she was going to be late.

     b  My friend texted me to let me know she was going to be late.

Unit 131 — I E G — Verb + preposition (1) at and to

131.1

1. I look stupid with this hair cut. Everybody will laugh at me.

2. I don’t understand what this means. Can you explain it to me.

3. I glanced at my watch to see what the time was.

4. We’ve been invited to the party but unfortunately we can’t go.

5. Please listen to me! I’ve got something important to tell you.

6. Don’t throw stones at the birds! It’s cruel.

7. If you don’t want to eat that sandwich, throw it to the birds. They’ll eat it.

8. Sally and Kevin had an argument and now they’re not speaking to one another.

9. I wrote to Joanna last week but she hasn’t replied to my letter yet.

10. Be careful with those scissors! Don’t point them at me.

131.2

1. They only invited a few people to their wedding.

2. Look at these flowers. Aren’t they pretty?

3. Please don’t shout at me! Be nice to me!

4. I saw Sue as I was cycling along the road. I shouted to her but she didn’t hear me.

5. Don’t listen to what he says. He doesn’t know what he’s talking about.

6. Can I speak to you for a moment? There’s something I want to ask you.

7. Do you think I could have a look at your newspaper, please?

8. I’m a bit lonely. I need somebody to talk to.

9. She was so angry she threw a chair at me.

10. The woman sitting opposite me on the train kept staring at me.

131.3

1. (I don’t understand this word.)         Can you explain this word to me?

2. (I don’t understand what you mean.)    Can you explain to me what you mean?

3. (I don’t understand this question.)        Can you explain this question to me?

4. (I don’t understand the system.)        Can you explain the system to me?

5. (don’t understand how this machine works.)    Can you explain to me how this machine works?

6. I don’t understand what your problem is.)       Can you explain to me what your problem is?

131.4

1. I know who she is but have never spoken to her.

2. George won’t be able to help you, so there is no point in asking him.

3. I like to listen to the radio while I’m having breakfast.

4. We’d better phone the restaurant to reserve a table.

5. I apologized to Bridget for the misunderstanding.

6. Don’t forget to write to me while you’re away.

7. I thanked everybody for all the help they had given me.

8. I explained to everybody what they had to do.

9. Mike described to me how the accident happened.

10. I’d like to ask you some questions.

 
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One Family — One Tree
Every peel of fruit and vegetable should be placed at the foot of a tree, you will save a lot of garbage and «feed the tree for free.»

Грамматика- это целый свод правил, по которым работает язык. Все правила взаимосвязаны между собой. После того как вы выучили или прочитали и поняли какое-то из правил, то это вовсе не значит, что вы можете его резво использовать в речи. Просто понимать правило и уметь бойко рассказать его на уроке означает, что вы всего лишь знакомы с этим правилом, но до настоящей дружбы еще далеко.

Любое правило надо вводить в действие, и оно должно работать, то есть, попросту говоря сначала его надо отработать в “технических” тренировочных упражнениях, а потом использовать в реальной живой речи (устной или письменной).

Начинать надо с самых простых упражнений на английском языке, чтобы, так сказать, попривыкнуть к новой грамматике. Постепенно усложняя задания заканчиваем тренировку переводами с родного языка на английский. Счет на достаточное количество предложений, которые входят в тренировочные упражнения всегда идет на сотни. Но у каждого своя предельное число, кому-то хватает 200-300 предложений , чтобы не тормозить и запинаться, а кому-то и тысячи мало. Но в конечном итоге барьер ломается у всех, при условии ежедневных занятий..

Итак, я рассказала об общих и специальных вопросах с отрицанием.

В этом упражнении надо поставить все вопросы в отрицательную форму и перевести. Задание очень простое, и конечно лучше всего его делать устно, но можно и написать, почему бы и нет?

1. Are they going to help their mother?

2. Who has eaten the apples?

3. What did she want to tell you?

4. Who needs much money?

5. Can you explain this word to me?

6. What kind of exersises could she do in the test?

7. Were your children at school yesterday?

8. Why do you want to speak to your brother?

9. Can she sing as well as her sister?

10. Which of these students was disappointed with his examination results?

11. Shall we meet tomorrow?

12. Why does he walk to his office?

13. Why did they start preparations yesterday?

14. Will you be able to look after my little sister while I am away?

15. Have you finished to write your report?

16. Are you going to have your English tonight?

17. Which of these things belongs to you?

18. Can you hear those people?

19. Are they ready to answer all these questions?

20. Which of you wants to know English well?

21. Can you remember my name?

22. Who is afraid of dogs?

23. Is he going to apologize to you?

24. Will you brother be here tomorrow?

25. Which of you is going to stay at a hotel?

26. Can you drive a car?

27. What did you tell him yesterday?

28. Ought she to pay you at once?

29. Is your granny tired?

30. Who is on duty today?

31. Which of you will stay at home over the week -end?

32. Did they have to light fire to cook their supper?

33. Are you leaving tomorrow?

34. Is your son going to apply for a job?

35. Were you impressed by this film?

36. Could you make an omelette this morning?

37. Are you going to wash your car?

38. Who was good at mathematics in your class?

39. Are they going to buy a car?

40. Are you going to ring him up ?

41. Was Tom responsible for this work?

42. Who has been busy this week?

43. Could he find his way to your house yesterday?

44. Was John accused of cheating in the examination?

45. Did you have a car when you lived in London?

46. Are you excited about going on business tomorrow?

47. What other coutries have you been to?

48. Are you envious of other people?

49. Did you have a swim this morning?

50. Can she pay her bills?

Для того, чтобы вы могли себя проверить, я поставлю все эти вопросы в отрицательную форму и их переведу.

1. Aren’t they going to help their mother? = Неужели они не собираются помочь своей матери?

2. Who hasn’t eaten the apples yet? = Кто не ел еще яблоки?

3. What didn’t she want to tell you? = Что она не хотела тебе рассказывать?

4. Who doesn’t need much money? = Кому не надо много денег?

5. Can’t you explain this word to me? = Разве ты не можешь объяснить мне это слово?

6. What kind of exercises couldn’t she do in the test? = Какие упражнения она не смогла сделать в контрольной работе?

7. Weren’t your children at school yesterday? = Разве ваши дети не были вчера в школе?

8. Why don’t you want to speak to your brother? = Почему ты не хочешь поговорить с братом?

9. Can’t she sing as well as her sister? = Разве она не может петь также хорошо как и ее сестра?

10. Which of these students wasn’t dissapointed with his examination results? = Кто из этих студентов не был разочарован своим результатами на экзаменах?

11. Shan’t we meet tomorrow? = Разве мы завтра не встретимся?

12. Why doesn’t he walk to the office? = Почему он не ходит в офис пешком?

13. Why didn’t they start preparations yesterday? = Почему они не начали подготовку вчера?

14. Won’t you be able to look after my little sister while I am away? = Неужели ты не можешь присмотреть за моей маленькой сестрой, пока я буду в отъезде?

15. Haven’t you finished to write your report yet? = Неужели вы еще не закончили писать доклад?

16. Aren’t you going to have your English tonight? = Разве ты не собираешься сегодня заниматься английским?

17. Which of these things doesn’t belong to you? =Какие из этих вещей тебе не принадлежат?

18. Can’t you hear those people? = Разве ты не слышишь тех людей?

19. Aren’t they ready to answer all these question? = Разве они не готовы отвечать на все эти вопросы?

20. Which of you doesn’t want to know English well? = Кто из вас не хочет хорошо знать английский язык?

21. Can’t you remember my name? = Неужели вы не можете вспомнить мое имя?

22. Who isn’t afraid of dogs? = Кто не боится собак,

23. Isn’t he going to apologize to you? = Раве он не собирается извиниться перед тобой?

24. Won’t your brother be here tomorrow? = Разве твоего брата не будет здесь завтра?

25. Which of you isn’t going to stay at a hotel? = Кто из вас не будет останавливаться в отеле?

26. Can’t you drive a car? = Разве ты не умеешь водить машину?

27. What didn’t you tell him yesterday? = Что ты ему не рассказал вчера?

28. Oughtn’t she to pay you at once? = Разве ей не следовало сразу же тебе заплатить?

29. Isn’t your granny tired? = Неужели ваша бабушка не устала?

30 Who isn’t on duty today? = Кто сегодня не дежурит?

31. Which of you stay at home over the week-end? = Кто из вас не останется дома на субботу и воскресенье?

32. Didn’t they have to light fire to cook their supper? = Разве им не пришлось разжечь огонь, чтобы приготовить ужин?

33. Aren’t you leaving tomorrow? = Разве вы завтра не собираетесь уезжать?

34. Isn’t you son going to apply for a job? = Разве ваш сын не собирается

35. Weren’t you impressed by this film? = Неужели вы не были впечатлены этим фильмом?

36. Couldn’t you make an omelette this morning? = Разве вы не могли сегодня утром приготовить омлет?

37. Aren’t you going to wash your car? = Неужели вы не собираетесь помыть машину,

38. Who wasn’t good at mathematics in your class? = Кому не давалась математика в вашем классе?

39. Aren’t they going to buy a car? = Разве они не будут покупать машину?

40. Aren’t you going to ring him up? = Неужели ты ему не собираешься звонить?

41. Wasn’t Tom responsible for this work? = Разве Том не отвечал за эту работу?

42. Who hasn’t been busy this week? = Кто не был занят на этой неделе?

43. Couldn’t he find his way to your house yesterday? = Разве он не смог найти вчера дорогу к твоему дому?

44. Wasn’t John accused of cheating in the examination? = Разве Джона не обвинили в том, что он списывал на экзамене?

45. Didn’t you have a car when you lived in London? = Разве у тебя не было машины, когда ты жил в Лондоне?

46. Aren’t you excited about going on business tomorrow? = Разве ты не волнуешься по поводу завтрашней командировки?

47. What other countries haven’t you been to yet? = В каких еще странах ты еще не был?

48. Aren’t you envious of other peopke? = Неужели ты не завидуешь другим людям?

49. Didn’t you have a swim this morning? = Неужели ты не плавал сегодня утром?

50. Can’t she pay her bills? = Разве она не может оплачивать свои счета?