frauxmage noun [U, C]
UK /ˈfrəʊ.mæʒ/ US /ˈfroʊ.mɑːʒ/
cheese made without using any products from animals
The Mauxarella is a soft and moist frauxmage offering a mild but fulfilling taste. This frauxmage may be grated and melts beautifully in the oven to create delectable dishes like pizza and nachos.
[vegancheese.co, accessed 1 March 2023]
chaos cooking noun [U]
UK /ˈkeɪ.ɒs ˌkʊk.ɪŋ/ US /ˈkeɪ.ɑːs ˌkʊk.ɪŋ/
a style of cooking that uses different types of food that are not normally eaten together to create a dish
In a nutshell, chaos cooking is combining ingredients that typically don’t go together into a cohesive dish. It’s the latest social media trend on TikTok, the hashtag #chaoscooking has over 151 million views. For some, chaos cooking is a more “aggressive” take on fusion cuisine.
[thedailymeal.com, 2 February 2023]
butter candle noun [C]
UK /ˈbʌt.ə ˌkæn.dᵊl/ US /ˈbʌt̬.ɚ ˌkæn.dᵊl/
a candle made from butter which is lit so that the butter softens or melts
Late last year, we saw the first spark of interest for butter candles, but as we’ve moved into the holiday season, interest has heated back up again. Why not try one for your holiday table? A butter candle is literally a candle sculpted out of butter instead of wax. Just set it out with a big hunk of crusty bread and light the edible wick.
[tasteofhome.com, 18 January 2023]
About new words
thrift flipping noun [U]
/ˈθrɪft ˌflɪp.ɪŋ/
the activity of buying second-hand clothes, turning them into new, more attractive items and sometimes selling them for a higher price
Thrift flipping, or upcycling thrifted clothing to wear or sell, is a trend that has increased in popularity over the past year. From cutting a shirt to sewing patches onto pants, thrift flipping is a way to rework clothing purchased from a local second-hand shop.
[digmaglb.com, 13 December 2022]
de-influencing noun [U]
/ˌdiːˈɪn.flu.əns.ɪŋ/
the activity of describing certain products on social media and saying why you would not recommend buying them
In recent weeks, a new trend called de-influencing has taken over TikTok … The initial de-influencing videos that began circulating in January featured social media users talking about the viral products they wouldn’t recommend to discourage overconsumption. Now that the term de-influencing has become more popular, there are videos under the hashtag for nearly every niche.
[blog.hubspot.com, 16 February 2023]
anti-haul noun [C]
UK /ˈæn.tiˌhɔːl/ US /ˈæn.t̬iˌhɑːl/
a type of social media content where someone describes a number of products that they do not think their followers should buy
The anti-haul is a simple concept; it’s a form of content where instead of recommending a product, one shows their audience products they didn’t like and what didn’t work for them. This originally started from a reddit post, where fellow beauty redditors discussed products that they personally didn’t enjoy. Beauty TikTokers such as Beauty By Tellie shared her thoughts and created an anti-haul of her own.
[nylonmanila.com, 18 November 2022]
About new words
dirty wellness noun [U]
UK /ˌdɜː.ti ˈwel.nəs/ US /ˌdɝː.t̬i ˈwel.nəs/
activities that involve being outside in nature and getting dirty, thought to be good for people’s physical and mental health
When I first heard about “dirty wellness,” a philosophy that espouses leaving our sanitized, hermetically sealed existence behind and reconnecting with good old-fashioned bacteria-laden dirt, I wanted to try it without really knowing what it entailed. It sounded fanciful and fun.
[arlingtonmagazine.com, 6 October 2022]
sensehacking noun [U]
/ˈsens.hæk.ɪŋ/
the activity of stimulating all five senses in order to become happier and healthier
Sensehacking — a big wellbeing trend for 2023 — highlights the crucial role that senses play in our everyday lives. Our senses can change how we feel almost instantly, so this trend is all about becoming happier and more productive by “hacking” our senses … Simply put, sensehacking means using the power of our senses to improve our mood.
[redonline.co.uk, 15 December 2022]
disease X noun [C usually singular]
/dɪˌziːz ˈeks/
a currently unknown virus or bacterium that has the potential to cause a serious epidemic
Disease X. It’s an ominous concept. A mysterious and dangerous pathogen that we don’t know, but we do know is out there – waiting to make a deadly jump from an animal or bird into an unsuspecting person, and take off on a viral killing spree.
[telegraph.co.uk, 25 January 2023]
About new words
rage applying noun [U]
/ˈreɪdʒ əˌplaɪ.ɪŋ/
the activity of impulsively applying for several new jobs only because your present job is currently making you unhappy or angry
What can you do instead of rage applying? Spencer says that instead of soothing the panic and anger you’re feeling, rage applying can actually build on that negativity and make you feel even more burnt out. She recommends slowing down and turning inward instead of submitting applications in rapid-fire bursts of anger.
[themuse.com, 6 February 2023]
quiet thriving noun [U]
/ˌkwaɪ.ət ˈθraɪ.vɪŋ/
the activity of making small changes to the way you work to help you feel happier and more fulfilled in your job
If you’re frustrated at work — and who isn’t some of the time — quiet quitting, where you essentially disengage and do the bare minimum, is not the only answer. You can also try “quiet thriving,” which involves taking specific actions and making mental shifts that help you to feel more engaged on the job.
[washingtonpost.com, 14 December 2022]
hustle culture noun [C usually singular]
UK /ˈhʌs.əl ˌkʌl.tʃəʳ/ US /ˈhʌs.əl ˌkʌl.tʃɚ/
the idea that work must be the the most important thing in your life and that working long hours and not taking time off is the only way to achieve success
The rise of hustle culture in recent years was met almost as swiftly with a backlash. Promoters of hustle culture, frequently passionate and engaging, wrote and spoke breathlessly about grinding and hard work … Hustle culture puts work at the center of life. Long working hours are praised and glorified. Time off is seen as laziness. If you are not hustling, you are failing.
[forbes.com, 29 April 2022]
About new words
breadflation noun [U]
/bredˈfleɪ.ʃᵊn/
a continuous increase in the price of bread
While prices are going up just about everywhere, a few items tend to stand out more than others. Enter “breadflation”. The average per-pound price of white bread in the U.S. has surged more than 25% since the pandemic began. And premium loaves of bread are selling for as much as $10.
[hits961.iheart.com, 22 July 2022]
nearshoring noun [U]
UK /ˈnɪə.ʃɔː.rɪŋ/ US /ˈnɪr.ʃɔːr.ɪŋ/
the practice of operating a business or part of a business in a nearby country, usually because this involves paying less tax or other costs but is still close enough to be convenient
A very similar process to offshoring, nearshoring involves employing teams in neighboring countries. These are usually territories within three time zones of your home country. For example, a Central European company that seeks cheaper technical skills from Eastern Europe … Nearshoring is seen as the middle ground between offshoring and onshoring. You can benefit from reduced costs for skilled workers while avoiding the communication issues that come with offshoring.
[futureofsourcing.com, 17 December 2022]
recommerce noun [U]
UK /ˌriːˈkɒm.ɜːs/ US /ˌriːˈkɑː.mɝːs/
the practice of buying and selling used goods online, usually on websites created for this purpose
Because recommerce revolves around buying and purchasing second-hand products, it leaves a positive impact on the environment. Now more than ever, consumers are buying more products but keeping them for a shorter amount of time, which causes concern for an increasing amount of discarded textiles in landfills each year. The recommerce space helps avoid this by encouraging the recycling of clothing and other products to consumers.
[whiplash.com, 20 October 2022]
About new words
resilience hub noun [C]
/rɪˈzɪl.jəns ˌhʌb/
a place in a city where someone can go during a heatwave to access air conditioning, get water, use the internet etc.
Cities around the world are adopting various measures to deal with the threat of heatwaves, which are increasing in frequency and severity, and put old and infirm people at particular risk. Resilience hubs are designated buildings—or, in some cases, pods made from shipping containers—within a community that provide air-conditioned places of refuge with drinking water, internet access and phone-charging facilities.
[economist.com, 14 November 2022]
doughnut city noun [C]
UK /ˈdəʊ.nʌt ˌsɪt.i/ US /ˈdoʊ.nʌt ˌsɪt̬.i/
a city where most people live in the outskirts and the city centre does not have many amenities such as shops, restaurants etc
When the proportion of teleworking becomes sufficiently large, our gentrified city turns into a doughnut city, as skilled workers abandon their central homes in search of more affordable suburban options. The unskilled workers, still doing all work onsite, relocate to the central neighbourhoods.
[cepr.org, 6 December 2022]
zoom town noun [C]
/ˈzuːm ˌtaʊn/
a town in which a large number of residents work remotely
The term “zoom town” is a play on the old term boomtown, which referred to towns and cities that experienced large growth due to oil discovery. The “zoom” in zoom town refers to the virtual conferencing software, Zoom, which many remote workers use. So instead of oil, zoom towns are communities growing due to increased remote work opportunities.
[rocketmortgage.com, 23 November 2022]
About new words
social omnivore noun [C]
UK /ˌsəʊ.ʃəl ˈɒm.nɪ.vɔːʳ/ US /ˌsoʊ.ʃəl ˈɑːm.nɪ.vɔːr/
a person who never eats meat at home but sometimes eats it when in a restaurant or at someone else’s house
Levy is part of a growing number of people who seek a middle ground. They’re social omnivores—vegetarian at home but sometimes partake in meat when out with friends and family. It’s different from following vague flexitarian or reducetarian principles, which both eschew clear-cut rules in favor of generally prioritizing plants over animals. Social omnivores, on the other hand, have one very clear boundary: They don’t buy or cook meat at home.
[bonappetit.com, 4 January 2023]
sustainatarian noun [C]
UK /səˌsteɪn.ɪˈteə.ri.ən/ US /səˌsteɪn.əˈter.i.ən/
a person who only eats food that has been produced in a way that causes little or no damage to the environment, and usually very little meat or fish
Sustainatarians orient their diet towards reducing food waste as well as reducing consumption of animal products, according to Vox. Sustainatarians might eat homegrown vegetables, or even hunt overpopulated animals for food using humane and sustainable methods rather than buy factory-farmed meat from the grocery store.
[tastingtable.com, 2 February 2023]
regenivore noun [C]
UK /ˌrɪˈdʒen.ɪ.vɔːʳ/ US /ˌrɪˈdʒen.ə.vɔːr/
a person who tries to actively stop or reverse the damage being done to the environment through the foods they choose to buy and eat
In addition to environmental concerns, regenivores take a big-picture view of the landscapes where food is grown, how livestock is raised, and how the people who produce and harvest food are treated … And when you consider the many threats facing planet earth, it’s easy to see why regenivores are growing in number.
[thedailymeal.com, 28 December 2022]
About new words
crypto winter noun [C]
UK /ˈkrɪp.təʊ ˌwɪn.təʳ / US /ˈkrɪp.toʊ ˌwɪn.t̬ɚ/
a situation when the price of cryptocurrency falls and remains very low for a long period of time
When will the crypto winter end? No one can say for sure, but given the current economic trajectory and recent string of bankruptcies, experts don’t think it’ll end anytime soon. We’ll be here until at least mid-2023 …That said, there are similarities between this crypto winter and prior ones that point to 2024 as the next time this market might boost back up.
[time.com, 2 December 2022]
bossware noun [U]
UK /ˈbɒs.weəʳ / US /ˈbɑːs.wer/
a type of software that employers can use to monitor what their employees are doing on their computers
Can a company really use computer monitoring tools – known as “bossware” to critics – to tell if you’re productive at work? Or if you’re about to run away to a competitor with proprietary knowledge? Or even, simply, if you’re happy? Many companies in the US and Europe now appear – controversially – to want to try, spurred on by the enormous shifts in working habits during the pandemic, in which countless office jobs moved home.
[theguardian.com, 27 April 2022]
cyber ambassador noun [C]
UK /ˌsaɪ.bər æmˈbæs.ə.dəʳ / US /ˌsaɪ.bɚ æmˈbæs.ə.dɚ/
a person who helps other people use the internet safely and protect themselves and their computer information against crime or attacks carried out online
Rajeshwari is one among thousands of students from the south Indian state of Telangana who are being trained to become “cyber ambassadors” in the region. Over 3,000 students graduated from the first class of cyber ambassadors last year. And following the success of the first batch, the Telangana government—which is perhaps the first state in India to have come up with a novel concept like this—has started the second batch of the course with almost 10,000 students.
[wired.com, 13 January 2023]
About new words
Palentine’s Day noun [C, usually singular]
/ˈpæl.ən.taɪnz ˌdeɪ/
a day, usually 13 February, when friends celebrate their relationship by exchanging gifts and cards in the same way that people in a romantic relationship do on Valentine’s Day
Looking to gain points this year for being the best mate ever? Check out this guide for the best food-related gifts to give this Palentine’s Day. We’re not one for subjecting you guys to something you don’t want to celebrate, which is why we’ve taken it upon ourselves to curate a guide filled with food-related gifts that you could present to your best mate instead, for Palentine’s.
[mob.co.uk, 3 February 2023]
friendsumé noun [C]
UK /ˈfrendz.juː.meɪ/ US /ˈfrendz.ə.meɪ/
a short written description of your personal details, interests etc. that you post online when you are trying to find new friends
Maddison, a 23-year-old photographer, was one of the first to create a friendsumé back in February of this year, posting it to FB group Truly Twenties. On a pale pink and very put-together page, she rattled off her fave TV shows, films and food, alongside a list of her chosen skills. To top it off, she added the tongue-in-cheek caption: “This is my application to be your friend.”
[ca.movies.yahoo.com, 31 March 2023]
situationship noun [C]
/ˌsɪtʃ.uˈeɪ.ʃᵊn.ʃɪp/
a relationship between two people that is more than a friendship but not a fully committed romantic relationship
Being in a situationship is all the rage now! Less than a relationship and more than a friendship, situationships are neither here nor there. People might be in situationships during the first few dates when they are just getting to know each other. However, many situationships last longer, with both sides preferring to go with the flow instead of putting a label on the relationship.
[stylecraze.com, 7 February 2023]
About new words
gamevertising noun [U]
UK /ˈgeɪm.və.taɪ.zɪŋ/ US /ˈgeɪm.vɚ.taɪ.zɪŋ/
a way of advertising a product by making it appear in a computer game
The simplest way of gamevertising is to insert a product in the background of an already existing game. Gamevertising can drive revenue both inside and outside a game. It’s a friendly, non-intrusive way to advertise products, and its highly integrated nature means that players don’t feel burdened by the interruption of an ad.
[geektime.com, 1 January 2023]
AIgiarism noun [U]
UK /ˌeɪˈaɪ.dʒᵊr.ɪ.zᵊm/ US /ˌeɪˈaɪ.dʒɚ.ɪ.zᵊm/
the process or practice of using AI (= artificial intelligence) tools to write essays or answer exam questions and pretending that it is your own work
With fears in academia growing about a new AI chatbot that can write convincing essays – even if some facts it uses aren’t strictly true – the Silicon Valley firm behind a chatbot released last month are racing to “fingerprint” its output to head off a wave of “AIgiarism” – or AI-assisted plagiarism.
[theguardian.com, 31 December 2022]
millennial pause noun [C, U]
UK /mɪˌlen.i.əl ˈpɔːz/ US /mɪˌlen.i.əl ˈpɑːz/
a very short pause before someone starts speaking on a video they are recording for social media to make sure the camera is recording, said to be a common practice among millennials (= people born between around 1981 and 1996)
Recently, I came across an article by Kate Lindsay in The Atlantic about a term called the “millennial pause,” a generational nuance online … It refers to a split-second beat at the beginning of a video to ensure the camera is recording before speaking. It’s a moment you could easily miss, but once you’re onto it, the millennial pause becomes glaringly obvious in all millennial-made content.
[chatterblast.com, 22 September 2022]
About new words
green comet noun [C]
UK /ˌgriːn ˈkɒm.ɪt / US /ˌgriːnˈkɑː.mɪt/
a type of comet (= an object that moves around the sun that is seen on rare occasions from the earth as a bright line in the sky) that has a green glow because of radiation from the sun
A green comet that will be visible from Earth for the first time since the Ice Age appears to be undergoing unusual changes. Comet ZTF has created excitement in recent weeks as it has hurtled towards Earth, coming close enough to the planet that it should be visible to the naked eye. It will be the first close approach for 50,000 years, and will reach its closest point on 1 February.
[independent.co.uk, 21 January 2023]
green gentrification noun [U]
UK /ˌgriːn ˌdʒen.trɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən / US /ˌgriːn ˌdʒen.trə.fəˈkeɪ.ʃən/
the process by which a place changes from being a poor area to a richer one because measures taken to make the area more environmentally friendly have made it a more desirable place to live and have caused house prices etc. to increase
As neighborhoods become greener, they also become more attractive… and more expensive. In several cities around the world, neighborhoods that have benefited from environmental greening are becoming an object of desire among real estate professionals, who raise the price of housing, thus attracting a new, wealthier segment of the population. This process is called “green gentrification.”
[forbesindia.com, 28 September 2022]
green noise noun [U]
/ˌgriːn ˈnɔɪz/
a mixture of sounds or electrical signals that resembles sounds heard in nature, such as waterfalls or rustling leaves, and is thought to help people to relax
“Green noise is a variation of white noise in the middle of the spectrum,” sleep expert Martin Seeley says. “But as its name suggests, many of the sounds are what we would consider nature. Some great examples of green noise can be the sound of water on a beach, or trickling waterfalls – anything that is attuned to nature and promotes relaxation.”
[glamourmagazine.co.uk, 10 December 2022]
About new words
denim archaeologist noun [C]
UK /ˌden.ɪm ˌɑː.kiˈɒl.ə.dʒɪst/ US /ˌden.ɪm ˌɑːr.kiˈɑː.lə.dʒɪst/
someone whose job is to find and study old items of clothing made from denim
A pair of Levi’s jeans from the 1880s has sold at an auction in a small town in New Mexico for more than $87,000. The jeans – found in an abandoned mine by a “denim archaeologist” – were bought by 23-year-old Kyle Hautner and Zip Stevenson, a veteran of the vintage denim market.
[edition.cnn.com, 13 October 2022]
digital removalist noun [C]
UK /ˌdɪdʒ.ɪ.tᵊl rɪˈmuː.vᵊl.ɪst/ US /ˌdɪdʒ.ə.t̬ᵊl rɪˈmuː.vᵊl.ɪst/
someone whose job is to remove any content from a person’s social media posts that may harm their reputation
Social media, viral posts, and the complexity of the Internet make it difficult to delete embarrassing public and private moments that make their way online. Jon Brodsky, a manager at finder.com, says Generation Z is growing up without the awareness of the consequences that can come from a regretful digital footprint. “As this generation starts to enter the workforce, digital removalists will be in high demand to erase anything incriminating that could impact their future opportunities.”
[rd.com, 2 December 2022]
parastronaut noun [C]
UK /pærˈæs.trə.nɔːt/ US /pærˈæs.trə.nɑːt/
a person with a physical disability who has been trained to travel in space
The European Space Agency made history last week with the announcement of the first “parastronaut”, 41-year-old UK citizen John McFall. He is the first candidate selected for the Parastronaut Feasibility project, described by ESA as a “serious, dedicated and honest attempt to clear the path to space for a professional astronaut with a physical disability”.
[theconversation.com, 1 December 2022]
About new words
tripledemic noun [C]
/ˌtrɪp.ᵊlˈdem.ɪk/
the widespread outbreak of Covid-19, flu and respiratory syncytial virus at the same time
The United States has already plunged into one of the roughest seasons of winter illnesses in decades. After nearly three years of being sequestered, children and adults are back out in crowds, with no masks, no distancing, and viruses waiting with open arms … With what’s now being called a tripledemic, which includes Covid-19, flu, and RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) already spreading rapidly, the winter ahead could be worse.
[forbes.com, 28 November 2022]
mpox noun [U]
UK /ˈem.pɒk.s/ US /ˈem.pɑːk.s/
a new word for monkeypox (= a disease caused by a virus that can be spread to humans by monkeys, apes, rats, and other animals)
The World Health Organization, responding to complaints that the word monkeypox conjures up racist tropes and stigmatizes patients, is recommending that the name of the disease be changed to mpox. Both names are to be used for a year until monkeypox is phased out … “W.H.O. will adopt the term mpox in its communications, and encourages others to follow these recommendations, to minimize any ongoing negative impact of the current name and from adoption of the new name,” the health organization said in a statement.
[nytimes.com, 28 November 2022]
mind dieting noun [U]
/ˈmaɪnd ˌdaɪ.ətɪŋ/
the activity of thinking carefully about what you eat in a way that motivates you to choose foods that are better for you
The first predicted health trend of 2023 is “mind dieting,” which according to nutritionist Lexi Crouch, involves getting the mind into shape by understanding your eating patterns. This can help people get to the root of their unhealthy diet choices. “From keto to fasting, physical dieting is always a hot topic but to get the best results from any diet, health kick or lifestyle change, it might be time to also try a psychological diet,” she said.
[dailymail.co.uk, 6 November 2022]
About new words
productivity theatre noun [U]
UK /ˌprɒd.ʌkˈtɪv.ə.ti ˈθɪə.təʳ/ US /ˌproʊ.dəkˈtɪv.ə.t̬i ˈθiː.ə.t̬ɚ/
a way someone behaves at work that makes them appear to be working very hard, even if this is not the case
We know there is a disconnect between the views of employers and employees on the productivity of working from home. Employees are happier and believe they are more productive; their managers are not so sure. Now it seems, that some of those employees are indulging in what has been termed “productivity theatre”. They make sure their mouse moves frequently – even if they are not working productively – in case their keystrokes are being monitored. They also attend online meetings which do not directly involve them so managers can spot their participation.
[instituteofproductivity.com, 12 October 2022]
anti-perk noun [C]
UK /ˈæn.tiˌpɜːk/ US /ˈæn.t̬iˌpɝːk/
an advantage someone is given because of their job that is in fact not useful or helpful
“Anti-perks” are perks that sound good but don’t actually matter to workers. The biggest offender? Unlimited vacation, which doesn’t really work unless the company encourages employees to take time off. Other perks that drew feisty replies include free booze, free massages, and special-purpose rooms (e.g., fitness, nap, and meditation rooms).
[thehustle.co, 28 September 2022]
boomerang employee noun [C]
/ˈbuː.mə.ræŋ ɪmˌplɔɪ.iː/
someone who goes back to work for a company they have already worked for in the past
Returning workers are also more likely to be given short shrift: coming back to a past employer means there is greater pressure to perform compared to new starters. “Although boomerang employees generally tend to be better performers, they’re also more likely to be fired than external hires – managers expect them to know the organisation right away,” says Keller. “While new starters may be given the benefit of the doubt, a re-hire not living up to expectations is more likely to be laid off.”
[bbc.com/worklife, 9 August 2022]
About new words
space brolly noun [C]
UK /ˈspeɪs ˌbrɒl.i/ US /ˈspeɪs ˌbrɑː.li/
a type of antenna in the shape of an umbrella that can measure Earth’s forests from space and collect information on the extent to which they are being destroyed
It looks for all the world like a giant brolly, but there’s no rain where it’s going. This immense reflector-antenna is heading into space, to “weigh” Earth’s forests. When unfurled, the space brolly’s 12m by 15m wire-mesh membrane will be part of a very special P-band radar system. It can look past the leaf canopy of forests to map the woody parts below.
[bbc.co.uk, 23 August 2022]
energy-positive adjective
UK /ˌen.ə.dʒiˈpɒz.ə.tɪv/ US /ˌen.ɚ.dʒiˈpɑː.zə.t̬ɪv/
An energy-positive building generates more energy than it uses.
Powerhouse Brattørkaia by Snøhetta, an Oslo-based architecture and interior design firm, has the goal of becoming the world’s northernmost energy-positive building and to set a new standard for the construction of the buildings of tomorrow, one that produces more energy than it consumes over its lifespan, including construction and demolition.
[forbes.com, 6 February 2022]
parking barn noun [C]
UK /ˈpɑː.kɪŋ ˌbɑːn/ US /ˈpɑːr.kɪŋ ˌbɑːrn/
a type of car park for residents in a housing development where the aim is to discourage them from using their car for short journeys
New eco-homes planned in Oxfordshire will provide residents with a communal working space to help them cut the carbon footprint of driving into the office. The 180 homes will also require almost no heating or cooling because of the levels of energy efficiency. Homes will not have more than one allotted car parking space, but instead have the use of a “parking barn”, in order to “make residents think twice” about using their car.
[telegraph.co.uk, 24 September 2022]
About new words
place lag noun [U]
/ˈpleɪs ˌlæg/
a feeling of surprise and slight confusion that people experience after making a long journey by plane and arriving in a place that is strange and new
The pilot and writer Mark Vanhoenacker has coined the expression “place lag” to describe the wonder of arriving at new locales after a long flight. Parallel to jet lag and its time difference, the temporary spatial disjuncture between the familiarity of home and the unfamiliarity of elsewhere, enabled through the speed of air travel, can reset one’s perspective on the world.
[luxurytraveladvisor.com, 18 October 2022]
trip stacking noun [U]
/ˈtrɪp ˌstækɪŋ/
the activity of booking more than one holiday for the same time period in case one has to be cancelled, for example because of new travel restrictions
Basically, trip stacking refers to the strategy of booking all your reservations ― from flights to accommodations to restaurants to activities ― for multiple vacations during the same time frame. That way, you have backup options if something disrupts your primary travel plans.
[huffpost.com, 22 April 2022]
regenerative tourism noun [U]
UK /rɪˌdʒen.ə.rə.tɪv ˈtʊə.rɪ.zəm/ US /rɪˌdʒen.ə.rə.t̬ɪv ˈtʊr.ɪ.zəm/
the activity of going on holiday to a particular destination and making a positive impact on the place and the people who live there
By definition, regenerative tourism is “the idea that tourists should leave a place in better condition than it was before.” For example, it would be like visiting a garden and instead of leaving no trace, each person planted a tree or air-purifying plant to further build the environment rather than simply leaving it status quo. In a way, regenerative tourism involves travelers to be active in their acts of sustainability rather than neutral, providing a better future for places that do fall victim to overtourism.
[thetravel.com, 12 July 2022]
About new words
butter board noun [C]
UK /ˈbʌt.ə ˌbɔːd/ US /ˈbʌt̬.ɚ ˌbɔːrd/
a wooden board spread generously with butter and topped with other foods, such as herbs, spices, fruit, sauces, etc.
If you’ve ever put together a charcuterie board, you know it usually costs a small fortune to buy all the fixings. Luckily, that’s not the case with a butter board. The simple ingredients make it a much more affordable option that still packs a punch and will leave your guests feeling just as satisfied.
[theeverygirl.com, 13 October 2022]
sourfaux noun [U]
UK /ˈsaʊə.fəʊ/ US /ˈsaʊr.foʊ/
bread that is labelled “sourdough” by the shop that sells it but actually contains cheaper ingredients and is made in a way that takes less time
Sourfaux, sold as sourdough, contains extra ingredients, such as yeast, ascorbic acid and yoghurt and vinegar. While these are not necessarily bad for you or unhealthy, it is misleading. When you are buying something, you should get what you pay for. Particularly when some of the supermarkets are charging a premium for that product. The Real Bread Campaign group says it wants to see a legal definition of the terms “sourdough” or “artisan bread”, so stores cannot “misinterpret” them.
[petitecuisine.ca, 11 April 2022]
cloud bread noun [U]
/ˈklaʊd ˌbred/
a very light, sweet food, made by mixing egg whites with sugar and cornflour, then forming the mixture into round shapes and baking
First up, cloud bread isn’t actually bread at all – made of just 3 ingredients, egg whites, sugar and corn starch, it’s more soft baked meringue than loaf of bread. Essentially, don’t try to slice this up and stick slices of cheese between it.
[you.co.uk, 18 May 2022]
About new words
desk-bombing noun [U]
UK /ˈdeskˌbɒm.ɪŋ/ US /ˈdeskˌbɑː.mɪŋ/
the activity of suddenly going to talk to someone who is working at their desk, rather than phoning them or sending them an email, seen by some people as impolite
On “desk-bombing”, Trehan goes on: “One explanation is that workers grew accustomed to going solo during the lockdowns and, once back in-office, felt uncomfortable interacting with colleagues and clients face-to-face. But, if so, surely surprise Zoom calls are much the same thing. Those who’d rather be left alone in the office treat desk-bombing as if it was some kind of HR issue or breach of contract”.
[hrgrapevine.com, 25 October 2022]
Sunday scaries noun [plural]
UK /ˌsʌn.deɪ ˈskeə.riz/ US /ˌsʌn.deɪ ˈsker.iz/
a feeling of stress or anxiety experienced by someone on a Sunday before they have to go back to work the next day after the weekend
Sunday is often a chance to catch up with friends, lost sleep, and recover from last night’s hangover. But for many of us, by the time Sunday afternoon rolls around, a feeling of intense anxiety and dread sets in – often referred to as the “Sunday scaries.” It’s hardly surprising the Sunday scaries are so common. After all, research shows Sunday is our unhappiest day of the week – with Saturday being the peak. There are a number of reasons why the Sunday scaries happen, and how you spend your weekend can play a big role.
[cnn.com, 14 August 2022]
quiet hiring noun [U]
UK /ˌkwaɪ.ət ˈhaɪə.rɪŋ/ US /ˌkwaɪ.ət ˈhaɪr.ɪŋ/
the activity of employing someone who already works in the company in a different role, often someone who is already doing many of the tasks that the new position demands
More specifically, Google is using an under-the-radar recruiting strategy of quiet hiring. It’s part of what enables it to identify the brightest minds (internally and externally) and place the best candidates into its open positions. And Google isn’t the only company that uses some form of quiet hiring. In fact, it’s a tried-and-true method that many businesses, large and small, employ.
[inc.com, 8 September 2022]
About new words
thermal tourism noun [U]
UK /ˌθɜː.mᵊl ˈtʊə.rɪ.zᵊm/ US /ˌθɝː.mᵊl ˈtʊr.ɪ.zᵊm/
travel to a warmer country to spend the winter months there in order to avoid the cold weather and higher heating bills in your own country
Tourism operators in Southern European countries are hoping to capitalise on cold winters and energy bills elsewhere on the continent by advertising their warmer climates as winter approaches. Destinations including Greece, southern Spain and the Canary Islands are taking advantage of “thermal tourism”, a trend in Britain for flying to cheaper, warmer climates to escape the winter and the cost of living crisis in the UK.
[independent.ie, 11 October 2022]
African plume noun [C]
/ˌæf.rɪ.kən ˈpluːm/
a long, thin mass of warm air that moves upwards from Africa, causing warmer weather in more northerly parts of the world
Parts of the UK could be in for a rare Indian summer this month – with temperatures rising as high as 22C. An “African plume” will push temperatures up across the country over the next two weeks, with some forecasters suggesting that the mild spell will last up to Halloween on October 31.
[mirror.co.uk, 17 October 2022]
warm bank noun [C]
UK /ˌwɔːm ˈbæŋk/ US /ˌwɔːrm ˈbæŋk/
a place such as a library, museum or other public building where someone can go to get warm in the winter if they cannot afford to heat their home, run as a public service by a town council, charity etc.
If you were in any doubt about the scale of the cost of living crisis devastating the UK, the fact councils and charities are preparing to open “warm banks” should tell you everything you need to know … The charity New Beginnings Reading is setting up Reading’s first warm bank this winter, hosted in an old refurbished pub. It will keep its heating on around the clock, and act as a social place where people can enjoy a hot drink and soup together.
[bigissue.com, 16 September 2022]
About new words
brown noise noun [U]
/ˌbraʊn ˈnɔɪz/
a type of sound that resembles a low rumble or the noise the sea makes, thought by some people to encourage sleep and relaxation
Welcome to the cult of brown noise, a sometimes hazily-defined category of neutral, dense sound that contains every frequency our ears can detect. Brown noise is like white noise but has a lower, deeper quality … There have been few studies on using brown noise as a sleep aid, though one of the claims floating around TikTok is that it can help you nod off.
[nytimes.com, 23 September 2022]
motion pillow noun [C]
UK /ˈməʊ.ʃən ˌpɪl.əʊ/ US /ˈmoʊ.ʃən ˌpɪl.oʊ/
a type of pillow that automatically adjusts the position of the sleeping person’s head when it detects that they are snoring
With innovative sleeping technology like a motion pillow, individuals suffering from chronic snoring enable uninterrupted nasal breathing. When this device detects snoring, it inflates and gently adjusts the user’s head without causing disturbances to alleviate snoring slowly. In turn, the person can avoid releasing annoying sounds at night and enable a restful sleep for their roommates.
[healthtechzone.com, 31 August 2022]
nap box noun [C]
UK /ˈnæp ˌbɒks/ US /ˈnæp ˌbɑːks/
a type of narrow cupboard designed for someone to stand in while they have a short nap, the inside having special shelves to support the person’s head and body
The workforce in Japan is apparently so overwhelmed that two companies are partnering up to create new upright “nap boxes.” Illustrations of the new design show neutral, innocuous-looking tubes with midcentury-inspired wooden legs. The shelves inside act like full-body armrests — helpful for preventing users from falling over as they doze off between meetings.
[futurism.com, 15 July 2022]
About new words
spiritual bath noun [C]
UK /ˌspɪr.ɪ.tʃu.əl ˈbɑːθ/ US /ˌspɪr.ə.tʃu.əl ˈbæθ/
a ritual that involves having a bath to encourage wellbeing, with oils, herbs, flowers etc. added to the water and in a relaxing environment, for example with candles and soft music
A souped up version of the bubble bath, spiritual baths are an art form. Replete with petals, candles, various elixirs and some seriously aesthetically pleasing decor, they’re designed to be blissfully drawn out, contemplative, great for your mental health and truly indulgent.
[glamourmagazine.co.uk, 22 August 2022]
wearapy noun [U]
UK /ˈweərə.pi/ US /ˈwerə.pi/
the activity of wearing particular clothes as a form of therapy, with the clothes chosen to make the wearer feel happy or comforted etc.
While you can use fashion to boost your mood and make you feel powerful, Forbes-Bell also wants us to consider the emotional importance of what we wear – something she calls “wearapy”. “It’s about understanding the emotional significance and attachment your clothes have,” she explains. “Within that, it’s asking you to understand when you’re putting something on, not just thinking, does this look good? But also, how does this make me feel?”
[independent.co.uk, 15 September 2022]
scream pot noun [C]
UK /ˈskriːm ˌpɒt/ US /ˈskriːm ˌpɑːt/
a type of clay pot that you can scream into as a way of releasing negative emotions such as anger and frustration
Golkar started making his scream pots in 2011, seeking both to expand his practice with clay – and an outlet for his own repressed emotions. “It’s really difficult to pinpoint what the origins of those frustrations were,” he says, “but suffice to say, they must have been piling up for a while.”
[theguardian.com, 23 September 2022]
About new words
Собрали новые английские слова, которые пополнили или вот-вот пополнят английские словари.
В 2021 появилось много новых английских слов, которые отражают события, происходящие в мире: понятия, появившиеся за время пандемии, слова, связанные с разумным потреблением и гендерным равенством, явления из социальных сетей. Мы изучили новую лексику из британского словаря Oxford English Dictionary, американского Merriam-Webster, а также списки слов-кандидатов на попадание в Cambridge Dictionary. И теперь готовы поделиться любопытными находками.
1. Amirite
Amirite — упрощенное написание фразы Am I right? (Я прав?). Составители словаря Merriam-Webster включили amirite в свою базу в октябре 2021, но указали его сленговым. Оно используется в неформальной письменной речи в качестве tag-question.
The worst part of school is reading books which you aren’t interested, amirite? — Худшее в школе — читать книги, которые тебе неинтересны, так ведь?
2. An anti-vaxxer
В 2021 году слова, определяющие противников вакцинации, появились во многих языках. Осенью Oxford English Dictionary официально закрепил слово an anti-vaxxer в английском. В словарь добавили два варианта: полное — an anti-vaxxer, сокращенное — an anti-vax. Последнее может использоваться и как прилагательное.
Her parents were anti-vaxxers so they didn’t want her to get a vaccine. — Ее родители были антипрививочниками и не хотели, чтобы она вакцинировалась.
The pandemic boosted the growth of various anti-vax movements. — Пандемия ускорила рост разнообразных антипрививочных движений.
3. Bit rot
Bit rot дословно переводится как «бит-гниение» или «бит-разложение». Этим словом описывают процесс деградации и потери информации на цифровых носителях. Попробуйте посмотреть фильм, который записан на запылившемся диске — вряд ли у вас это получится, ведь bit rot уже сделало свое дело.
I’ve been keeping my photos on hard drives since I was at school, and I have to admit — I’ve lost a lot of data due to bit rot. — Я храню фотографии на жестких дисках еще с тех пор, как учился в школе, и вынужден признать, что многое было утрачено из-за бит-гниения.
4. A boffice
Неологизм, составленный из слов a bed (кровать) и an office (офис), подразумевает рабочее место, когда в качестве офиса вы используете свою кровать. В минувшем году слово использовали столь часто, что составители Cambridge Dictionary обратили на него внимание. А еще у него есть близкий родственник — a cloffice (a closet + an office), слово переводится как «чулан-офис».
This year I’ve got used to working in my boffice. — За этот год я привыкла работать в своем кровать-офисе.
5. Circular fashion
Один из трендов разумного потребления — круговая мода. Надоевшую одежду не выбрасывают, а передают другим людям, перешивают или перерабатывают, а новую одежду производят из вторсырья. Все это позволяет снизить вред, наносимый окружающей среде. В последнее время о таких реформах говорят все чаще, поэтому новый термин вскоре может попасть в Cambridge Dictionary.
I truly believe that circular fashion is the future of the industry. — Я искренне верю, что круговая мода — будущее индустрии.
6. To deplatform
Согласно словарю Merriam-Webster, в узком значении глагол to deplatform означает блокировку доступа отдельных пользователей к социальной сети, обычно за нарушение ее правил, например распространение ложной информации. В широком смысле to deplatform описывает отказ предоставлять людям площадку для выражения своего мнения.
They have been deplatformed due to the fact that their ideas are rather controversial. — Они были лишены возможности выступить в связи с тем, что их идеи достаточно спорные.
7. A docuality
Новый жанр в мире телевизионных передач — a docuality или a docu-ality — смесь документального фильма (a documentary) и реалити-шоу (a reality show). Главные роли в таких проектах играют не актеры, а обычные люди. Например, этим летом на британском Channel 4 вышел сериал Highlife о жизни темнокожих парней и девушек из состоятельных семей.
I love docualities because they show us what real life really is. — Мне нравятся фильмы в жанре «докуалити», потому что они показывают настоящую жизнь.
8. An essential worker
Раньше словосочетание an essential worker означало «критически важный сотрудник», то есть человек, без которого невозможно представить работу компании. Теперь же так называют тех, чей труд жизненно необходим для нормального функционирования общества. В первую очередь к ним относят медицинских работников, полицейских, учителей, а также людей, обслуживающих транспортные коммуникации.
My sister is an essential worker. She works in a hospital, treating COVID-patients. — Моя сестра работник сферы жизнеобеспечения. Она работает в больнице и лечит пациентов с ковидом.
9. A face shield
Новое составное существительное a face shield вошло в Oxford English Dictionary. Дословно его можно перевести как «щиток для лица». Этим словом называют любой вид средства индивидуальной защиты, сделанный из твердых материалов, однако в наши дни a face shield подразумевает прозрачный экран из пластика, который защищает органы дыхания.
The guard who was responsible for people’s safety during the concert had to wear a face shield. — Охранник, ответственный за безопасность людей во время концерта, был вынужден носить защитный экран.
10. A freshperson
Раньше первокурсника было принято называть a freshman, однако окончание -man все чаще считают неуместным, поскольку оно подразумевает только мужчин. В этом году в словари попала гендерно-нейтральная версия термина: в единственном числе — а freshperson, во множественном — freshpeople. В более широком значении этим словом можно назвать новичка в каком-то деле.
There’s so much to discover when you’re a freshperson. — Когда ты первокурсник, у тебя впереди множество открытий.
11. A long-hauler
Вам может быть знакомо словосочетание a long-haul flight (долгий перелет). Само по себе слово a long-haul неновое, оно подразумевает людей, летающих дальними рейсами. Однако из-за пандемии COVID-19 a long-haul получило и медицинское значение, которое в 2021 вошло в словарь Merriam-Webster. Теперь так называют людей, которые долгое время страдают от последствий перенесенного заболевания.
A lot of COVID long-haulers are being treated by me and my colleagues. — Мы с коллегами занимаемся лечением пациентов, страдающих от долговременных последствий ковида.
12. Microdelivery
Микродоставка — термин, определяющий доставку на дом небольшого количества товаров сразу после оформления заказа, чаще всего еды или напитков. Слово пока не включили ни в один из словарей, однако составители Cambridge Dictionary отмечают, что оно стало часто использоваться — за время локдаунов и прочих ограничений заказ одной булки хлеба или бутылки газировки стал обыденностью.
You don’t even have to go outside now that you have so many microdelivery services. — Теперь можно вообще не выходить на улицу, ведь у нас есть столько сервисов микродоставки.
13. The panpanic
The panpanic — слово, составленное из pandemic (пандемия) и panic (паника). Оно подразумевает сильный страх, охватывающий человека во время пандемии COVID-19. The panpanic толкает людей на необдуманные поступки, заставляет вести себя неразумно и верить в страшные сценарии и теории заговора. The panpanic — столь важное для современной культуры явление, что нашло отражение в языке, хоть пока и не попало в словари.
The panpanic around me is wearing me down. I think I need to have a rest somewhere in a quiet place. — Вся это пандемическая паника вокруг выматывает меня. Думаю, мне нужно отдохнуть где-нибудь в спокойном месте.
14. A sleepcast
A sleepcast — подкаст с записью успокаивающих звуков, это могут быть звуки природы, белый шум, приятный голос, рассказывающий истории. Такие подкасты помогают слушателям засыпать. Слово закрепилось в лексике активных пользователей подкастов, а потому составители Cambridge Dictionary обратили на него внимание, но пока не включили в состав словаря.
I’ve become a huge fan of sleepcasts lately. No better way to drown out the noise, relax and go to sleep. — В последнее время я стал большим поклонником подкастов для сна. Нет лучшего способа заглушить посторонний шум, расслабиться и заснуть.
15. Social hangover
Буквальное значение social hangover — «социальное похмелье». С помощью этого выражения описывают чувство усталости от выхода в свет, которое испытывает человек, долгое время просидевший в изоляции.
I’ve worked from home since the beginning of the pandemic, and now I have to get back to the office. Do you know how to minimise social hangover? — Я работал из дома с самого начала пандемии, а теперь вынужден вернуться в офис. Ты не знаешь, как минимизировать социальное похмелье?
16. Toyetic
Прилагательное toyetic образовано от слова a toy (игрушка). Оно описывает кинофраншизу, телепередачу, мультфильм или любое другое произведение индустрии развлечений, по мотивам которого выпускается большое количество торговой продукции: игрушки, футболки и прочие вещи. Это слово уже много лет активно используется англоговорящими людьми, а осенью 2021 его включили в Oxford English Dictionary.
They are launching yet another toyetic film about superheroes next year. — Они запускают очередной фильм о супергероях в следующем году, по мотивом которого выпустят много игрушек.
17. A vaccine passport
Паспортом вакцинации называют документы, подтверждающие, что человек был привит. В 2021 году подобные документы стали частью повседневной жизни, а потому словарь Merriam-Webster откликнулся и зафиксировал термин a vaccine pasport в своей базе данных. Так можно назвать как физический документ, так и электронный сертификат.
Nowadays, you can’t travel to another country unless you have a valid vaccine passport. — В наши дни нельзя поехать в другую страну, если у тебя нет действительного паспорта вакцинации.
18. A virtual commute
Когда локдауны вынудили людей перебраться в офис-кладовку и офис-кровать, поездка на работу тоже стала виртуальной: словом a virtual commute характеризуют умение четко разделять время и выключать компьютер в конце рабочего дня. Это совсем новое словосочетание, в словари оно пока не включено, однако составители Cambridge Dictionary отмечают его большую популярность среди англоязычных людей и держат на карандаше.
I finish my working day with a virtual commute by closing all the working tabs and putting away the papers. — Я заканчиваю рабочий день виртуальной поездкой домой, закрывая все рабочие вкладки и убирая в стол документы.
19. Vitamin S
За буквой S скрывается social contact (социальный контакт). Социальная изоляция заставила людей осознать, что общение так же важно для их ментального здоровья, как и витамины для здоровья тела. Это сленговое выражение полюбилось носителям языка, его даже можно встретить в некоторых научных и научно-популярных статьях по психологии. Однако неизвестно, задержится ли эвфемизм в языке, словари пока не торопятся включать его в свои базы.
I’ve experienced a huge lack of vitamin S during the lockdown this year. — В этом году во время локдауна я испытала огромную нехватку витамина S.
20. Whataboutism
Whataboutism (AmE) или whataboutery (BrE) — это привычка отвечать на любой упрек вопросом What about?.. (А что насчет?..), чтобы отвести огонь от себя и сказать, что другие люди ведут себя точно так же. Он применим как в личных спорах, так и в общественных дискуссиях. Если человек не хочет признавать свои ошибки, а лишь указывает другим, что они и сами не лучше — он практикует whataboutism. Также это слово означает конкретную реплику или реакцию человека — в таком случае оно становится исчисляемым и употребляется с артиклем.
He was criticised for having cheated in the exam, but he replied with some typical whataboutisms saying that all his friends had done the same. — Его критиковали за то, что он списывал на экзамене, но он ответил типичным «А что насчет?..», сказав, что все его друзья сделали то же самое.
Чтобы запомнить новые слова, нужно использовать их в своей речи. Приходите на занятия по Vocabulary в клубе Skills и практикуйте лексику в общении с преподавателем и студентами.
Мы поделились с вами новыми английскими словами, которые привлекли наше внимание в 2021 году. Какое слово кажется вам самым важным или самым странным? Если вы знаете другие неологизмы, которые следует включить в этот список, напишите их в комментариях. А еще проверьте, сколько новых слов вы запомнили, пройдя наш тест.
Тест по теме «20 новых английских слов 2021 года»
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Хай, френд! Сегодня мы хотим рассказать тебе о новых интересных фразах и словах, которые Cambridge Dictionary предлагает добавить в словарь. Every once in a while (время от времени) они в своем блоге публикуют самые свежие слова, которые вошли в нашу жизнь и речь. Как правило, эти слова очень тесно связаны с событиями вокруг нас и новыми понятиями, которые появляться чуть ли не каждый день.
Давай посмотрим несколько актуальных фраз, разберем полностью их значение и подумаем, стоит ли действительно добавлять их в свой словарный запас.
Слово 1. Bounceback wardrobe
И первое словосочетание которое мы сегодня разберем — bounceback wardrobe. Дословно это можно перевести как “гардероб после восстановления”. На самом деле, значение чем-то похожее — это одежда, которой человек владеет или планирует купить, чтобы носить ее после карантина, возвратясь к социальной жизни.
Давай посмотрим пример с этим словом:
- Tina says she would spend a lotta money on her bounceback wardrobe to look stunning when she’s back into office. — Тина говорит, что готова потратить кучу денег на одежду, чтобы выглядеть сногсшибательно, когда она вернется в офис после карантина.
Слово 2. Business shower
Такого слова мы точно не слышали. И нет, это не бизнес-душ. Эта фраза построена по аналогии со словосочетанием baby shower — вечеринка в честь рождения ребенка. А здесь у нас вечеринка в честь рождения нового бизнеса или компании. Такое празднование организовывают прям на начальных стадиях, бывает тогда, когда только идею придумали. Оригинально, правда?
Смотри пример употребления:
- Frank is organizing a business shower for all the people who helped him with his dream. — Фрэнк устраивает вечеринку в честь начала своего бизнеса для всех людей, которые помогли ему в осуществлении мечты.
Слово 3. The internet of senses
Интересная фраза, которая напоминает нам о том, как же быстро развиваются технологии. Эта фраза переводится как “интернет ощущений”. Иными словами, это такие компьютерные технологии, которые позволят нам ощущать все пять наших чувств (зрение, слух, осязание, вкус и запах), сидя просто за ноутом. Это почти как кино в 5D, только тебе даже из дому выходить не нужно.
Вот пример употребления:
- The internet of senses will allow us to have a multi-sensory experience just by using our computers. — Интернет ощущений разрешит нам переживать множество чувств прямо за компьютером.
Вот такие новые понятия вошли в нашу жизнь за последнее время. Кажется, это прям очень крутые слова и все таки стоит попробовать их использовать в разговорах. А ты как думаешь? Если тебе где-то встречались такие фразы, то попробуй придумать с ними предложения, например, объясни френду новое понятие, тогда тебе самому будет проще их запомнить. А если у тебя остались вопросы, пиши нам, будем разбираться вместе! Ведь учить английский легко, главное – найти того, кто тебе в этом поможет!
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В век цифровых технологий реальная и виртуальная реальности настолько переплелись, что многие из нас уже не представляют себя без социальных сетей. Свои впечатления и эмоции мы непременно транслируем в интернет. Одни пишут посты с собственными рассуждениями, вторые делятся любимыми фильмами, третьи ждут лайков под своими фото и наблюдают за жизнью других людей. Ни одна дружеская встреча не проходит без фотографии с кучей хэштегов в соцсетях, а многие из нас и вовсе привыкли видеть мир через камеру телефона. Придется признать: гаджеты и приложения стали уже неотъемлемой частью нашей жизни. Вместе с новыми реалиями мы учимся употреблять и новые слова.
Фото и публикации в «Инстаграме»
Слово «селфи» вошло в наш лексикон не так давно, но прочно в нем закрепилось. В 2013-м году составители Оксфордского словаря даже выбрали его словом года. Не успели мы привыкнуть к этому короткому и емкому понятию, как для многих видов селфи уже придумали специальные названия. Запоминайте:
- A foodfie /ˈfuːdfi/ = food + selfie – селфи с едой.
- A relfie /ˈrelfi/ = relationship + selfie или a couplie /ˈkʌpli/ = couple + selfie – селфи со второй половинкой.
По мнению ученых-социологов Гарварда, релфи – один из самых раздражающих видов фотографий в соцсетях.
Honey, let’s take a relfie at the fountain. – Милый, давай сделаем совместное селфи возле фонтана.
- A shelfie /ˈʃelfi/ = shelf + selfie – шелфи: фотография содержимого полок.
Wow, this is the latest Harry Potter book, let me take a shelfie of it. – Вау, это же последняя книга про Гарри Поттера, дай-ка я сделаю с ней шелфи.
- A felfie /ˈfel.fi/ = family + selfie – семейное селфи.
Let’s take a felfie, guys. Gather together! – Давайте сделаем семейное селфи, ребята. Соберитесь вместе!
- A groupfie /ˈɡruːpfi/ = group + selfie или an ussie = us + selfie – групповое селфи.
Send me the groupfie you took at the party, please. – Отправь мне групповое селфи, которое ты сделал на вечеринке.
- To photobomb /ˈfəʊtəʊˌbɒm/ – специально портить фотографию, стоя на фоне и корча рожицу, a photobomb – испорченная таким образом фотография.
Just don’t photobomb us, we want to look cute. – Только не порть нам фотографию, мы хотим выглядеть мило.
- Любители фотографии задаются вопросом, можно ли считать снимок перед зеркалом селфи, ведь мы не направляем на себя фронтальную камеру (a front-facing camera). Оказывается, это тоже разновидность селфи, которая в английском называется a mirror selfie – селфи в зеркале.
My daughter is only five and she already takes splendid mirror selfies. – Моей дочери только пять лет, а она уже делает потрясающие снимки себя в зеркале.
You’d better eat your pizza until it’s cold instead of taking foodfies. – Лучше бы ты ел пиццу, пока она не остыла, вместо того чтобы делать с ней селфи.
Теперь поговорим о любителях похвастаться в «Инстаграме».
- A gloatgram /ˈɡləʊtˌɡræm/ = gloat + Instagram – хвастограм, хвастовской пост.
Чаще всего такие снимки выкладывают хвастуньи (instagirls = Instagram + girls) – модели, у которых множество подписчиков и постов. Они хотят быть популярными в «Инстаграме» (instafamous = Instagram + famous).
Gloatgrams are of no use if you don’t feel excited about your life. – Бесполезно выставлять посты, которые показывают, какая яркая у тебя жизнь, если ты сам от нее не в восторге.
- Geobragging /ˌdʒiːəʊˈbræɡɪŋ/ = geolocation + brag – хвастовство геолокациями (to brag – хвастаться).
It’s not geobragging. I’m just trying to remember the places I’ve been to. – Я не хвастаюсь геолокациями, я просто пытаюсь запомнить, где я побывал.
Общение в «Твиттере» и «Фейсбуке»
- Тwitterati /twitərˈaːtiː/ = Twitter + glitterati – твиттер-элита (люди, чьи каналы привлекают тысячи подписчиков).
One of the famous twitterati just liked my tweet! I am over the moon. – Один из известных блоггеров в «Твиттере» только что лайкнул мой твит. Я на седьмом небе от счастья.
- A twitterholic /ˌtwitərˈhɒlɪk/ = Twitter + alcoholic – человек, зависимый от «Твиттера».
По этой же аналогии используются слова a blogaholic /ˌblɒɡəˈhɒlɪk/ = blog + alcoholic – человек, зависимый от своего блога и a netaholic /ˌnetəˈhɒlɪk/ = net + alcoholic – человек, зависимый от интернета.
You’ve become a real twitterholic. Why don’t you delete your account? – Ты уже подсел на «Твиттер». Почему бы тебе не удалить аккаунт?
You become a real blogaholic when you start posting every step of your life. – Вы становитесь зависимыми от своего блога, когда начинаете публиковать посты о каждом шаге своей жизни.
- A twitter-quitter /ˈtwɪtə(r) ˈkwɪtə(r)/ – человек, удаляющий свой аккаунт в «Твиттере» (возможно, после троллинга).
I deleted my account in Twitter and now they call me a twitter-quitter. – Я удалила свою учетную запись в «Твиттере», и теперь меня из-за этого дразнят.
- A tweetup /ˈtwiːtʌp/ = meetup for tweeps (tweeps = Twitter + people) – встреча пользователей «Твиттера».
The tweetup around this issue will take place tomorrow. – Встреча пользователей «Твиттера» по этому поводу состоится завтра.
- A dweep /dwiːps/ = drunken + tweet – пост в «Твиттере», размещенный пользователем в нетрезвом состоянии.
After the party you’ll get your phone back. I don’t want you to write dweeps again. – После вечеринки получишь назад свой телефон. Я не хочу, чтобы ты опять начал писать пьяные твиты.
- To friend – добавить кого-то в друзья, to unfriend – удалить кого-то из друзей.
I won’t friend him, he’s my ex-boss. – Я не буду добавлять его в друзья, он мой бывший начальник.
- To follow – подписаться, to unfollow – отписаться.
I have unfollowed your account because you’ve started posting low-quality stuff. – Я отписался от вашей группы, потому что вы начали публиковать низкопробные посты.
- To like – поставить лайк, to unlike – убрать лайк.
I can’t stand people who unlike photos after liking them. – Терпеть не могу людей, которые убирают лайки после того, как поставили их.
- To hashtag /ˈhæʃˌtæɡ/ – добавить хэштег (#).
Why don’t you ever hashtag our couplies? – Почему ты никогда не ставишь хэштеги под нашими совместными селфи?
- To facebook как глагол теперь имеет 3 значения:
- запостить что-то в «Фейсбуке»;
- написать кому-то сообщение в «Фейсбуке»;
- просто сидеть в «Фейсбуке».
Can you please facebook our groupfie for me? – Можешь запостить наше групповое селфи в «Фейсбуке», пожалуйста?
I was facebooking from 5 to 10 pm yesterday, I didn’t hear you calling. – Я вчера сидел в «Фейсбуке» с 5 до 10 вечера и не слышал, как ты звонила.
He facebooked me about the party an hour ago. – Он написал мне в «Фейсбуке» о вечеринке час назад.
Негативное воздействие гаджетов
Теперь поговорим о недугах, которые мы испытываем из-за нашей безмерной любви к интернету, соцсетям и гаджетам.
- Если вы слишком долго играли на телефоне или смотрели любимый сериал (binge-watching /bɪndʒ wɒtʃɪŋ/, binge-viewing /bɪndʒ ˈvjuːɪŋ/ – продолжительный просмотр телепередач), вы наверняка почувствуете боль в шее и позвоночнике, которая возникнет из-за неудобного положения тела (gameboy disease):
Gameboy disease was originally associated with children’s passion for playing games on their gadgets, but most adults do have it. – Боль в спине изначально ассоциировалась с детьми, которые страстно любят играть в своих гаджетах. Но большинство взрослых тоже от этого страдают.
- A computer vision syndrome /kəmˈpjuːtə(r) ˈvɪʒ(ə)n ˈsɪnˌdrəʊm/ – боль в глазах после долгой работы или игры перед монитором компьютера.
If you don’t stop burning the candle at both ends in front of the screen, you’ll get a computer vision syndrome. – Если не перестанешь днем и ночью работать за компьютером, то будут болеть глаза.
- Screen fatigue /skriːn fəˈtiːɡ/ – усталость от чтения текста на экране компьютера или электронной книги.
I feel screen fatigue every time I have another read of my thesis. – Каждый раз перечитывая свою диссертацию, я чувствую усталость от чтения с экрана.
- Ringxiety /rɪŋˈzaɪəti/ = ring + anxiety – тревожное чувство, при котором кажется, что слышишь звук телефонного звонка.
Never turn off the sound if you’re waiting for a call. Otherwise, you’ll end up feeling ringxiety. – Никогда не выключайте звук, если ждете звонка. Иначе вам будет постоянно казаться, что вам звонят.
- Если вы предпочитаете ставить телефон на вибросигнал, для вас так же придумали слово: a phantom vibration syndrome /ˈfæntəm vaɪˈbreɪʃ(ə)n ˈsɪnˌdrəʊm/ – ложное ощущение, что вибрирует телефон.
– Aren’t they calling now? – Не звонят ли они сейчас?
– No, you’re having a phantom vibration syndrome again. – Нет, тебе снова кажется, что у тебя вибрирует телефон. - A textpectation /tekstpekˈteɪʃ(ə)n/ = text + expectation – чувство, которое человек испытывает, ожидая ответ на свое текстовое сообщение.
I can’t wait for his message. This textpectation is killing me. – Не могу дождаться, когда он мне напишет. Это ожидание меня убивает.
- Digital amnesia /amˈniːzɪə/ = a google effect – склонность забывать информацию, которую можно легко найти в интернете, используя поисковые системы такие, как Google.
Many students suffer from digital amnesia. They say there is no point in learning historical facts if they always have the Internet access. – Многие студенты страдают от цифровой амнезии. Они говорят, что нет смысла запоминать исторические факты, если у них всегда есть доступ в интернет.
- A textrovert /ˈtekstrəˌvɜː(r)t/ = text + extrovert – текстраверт (человек, которому писать текстовые сообщения легче, чем общаться по телефону или вживую).
I’m not a textrovert, I just don’t like speaking on the phone. – Я не текстраверт, я просто не люблю общаться по телефону.
- A smartphone zombie – человек, одержимый своим смартфоном.
More and more young people nowadays are becoming smartphone zombies. – Сегодня все больше и больше молодежи становятся заложниками своих смартфонов.
- Такие люди чаще всего страдают dumbwalking /dʌmˈwɔːkɪŋ/ – замедленное передвижение из-за непрерывного пользования телефоном.
Don’t practise dumbwalking, you look like a zombie. – Оторвись уже от телефона. Ты как зомби.
- Phubbing /fʌbɪŋ/ = phone + snubbing – игнорирование кого-то из-за непрерывного пользования телефоном.
Don’t phub me, you are aware of how annoying it is. – Хватит пялиться в телефон и игнорировать меня, ты знаешь, как это раздражает.
Кладези неологизмов:
- The Rice University Neologisms Database – наиболее популярные неологизмы в алфавитном порядке с пояснением на английском и примерами употребления;
- Technology Neologisms – коллекция рассортированных по темам неологизмов в Википедии;
- Urban Dictionary – современный словарь молодежного сленга и неологизмов с примерами и пояснениями на английском;
- Oxford Dictionary Blog – статьи, посвященные неологизмам;
- раз в неделю раздел New Words в Cambridge Dictionary Blog пополняется тремя новыми словами или словосочетаниями, создатели словаря также предлагают проголосовать за перспективность употребления того или иного слова;
- раздел Latest New Word Suggestions в Collins Dictionary предоставляет информацию по актуальным неологизмам.
Видео о неологизмах:
- веселый и изобретательный Misterduncan расскажет о том, какие слова были добавлены в Oxford Dictionary в 2016 году;
- занимательный урок TED-Ed «Откуда берутся новые слова»;
- десять и еще пять современных британских слов 2017 года.
Наверняка за время прочтения статьи вы придумали пару-тройку своих авторских неологизмов. Подождите, возможно, рано или поздно они завоюют интернет. А пока пройдите наш тест и проверьте, насколько хорошо запомнились неологизмы, которые уже используются в речи.
Тест
Новые английские слова, которые породил интернет
Выберите правильный вариант ответа.
Задание 1.
When your friends and you want to take a picture of yourselves, it’s called a …
-
felfie.
-
groupfie.
-
photobomb.
-
gloatgram.
Задание 2.
When you take a photo of yourself and your family, it’s a …
-
ussie.
-
groupfie.
-
felfie.
-
couplie.
Задание 3.
When you post a photo in the luxury car in a new fur coat, it’s …
-
a gloatgram.
-
geobragging.
-
photobombing.
-
binge-viewing.
Задание 4.
If you have a lot of followers in Twitter, you are one of the …
-
twitterati.
-
twitterholics.
-
tweetups.
-
twitter-quitters.
Задание 5.
If you seem to constantly hear the sound of a phone call, you feel …
-
screen fatigue.
-
textpectation.
-
instafamous.
-
ringxiety.
Задание 6.
Dweeps
-
люди, которые общаются в «Твиттере»
-
люди, удаляющие свои аккаунты в «Твиттере»
-
твиттер-элита
-
посты в «Твиттере», сделанные в состоянии алкогольного опьянения
Задание 7.
Textpectation
-
чувство, будто слышишь звонок
-
чувство, будто слышишь сигнал полученного текстового сообщения
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усталость от чтения сообщений на экране телефона
-
ложное ощущение вибрации телефона
Задание 8.
Ощущение, что слышишь вибрацию телефона
-
a phantom vibration syndrome
-
a google effect
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phubbing
-
a computer vision syndrome
Задание 9.
Человек, которому легче общаться текстовыми сообщениями, чем лично или по телефону
-
a textrovert
-
textofamous
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a smartphone zombie
-
a tweep
Задание 10.
Неспособность запоминать имена и телефоны из-за привычки надеяться на помощь интернета
-
digital amnesia
-
ringxiety
-
binge-watching
-
phubbing
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Language is always changing. In 2022, 650 new English words were added to the Oxford English Dictionary – ranging from slang terms to professional titles and sports manoeuvers. As the world around us evolves, so too do the ways that we describe it and our experiences within it. And, with more people traveling the globe and working remotely, it’s no surprise that many of the new words in English are inspired by other languages.
Beyond impressing your friends with the latest phrases, staying up to date with new words is great to improve your English language skills. Understanding new words expands your vocabulary pool, helps you contextualize terms, and develops your confidence.
Below, we’ve collected some of the new English words you need to know in 2023. Try using them in your next English conversation and you may just find yourself teaching native English speakers a thing or two!
Words of the year
Did you know there’s an annual competition for English words? Dictionaries announce the word of the year based on factors like popularity, cultural significance, and the number of searches for a term. The word of the year changes depending on the dictionary. In 2022, these were the winners for three of the most popular ones.
Oxford Dictionary: Goblin mode
A goblin is a fictional creature from European folklore, known for being mischievous and messy. ‘Goblin mode’ is therefore a funny way to refer to someone who is being lazy and self-indulgent. The slang term was first used in 2019, but became widespread during the pandemic lockdown, when people were indoors for long periods of time and embraced being goblin-like.
Example: I’m in goblin mode, so I can’t come to meet you.
Cambridge Dictionary: Homer
‘Homer’ is short for ‘home run’, which is when a player scores a point in baseball by hitting the ball and running around all the bases before the ball is retrieved. ‘Homer’ was one of the most searched terms in the Cambridge Dictionary in 2022 after it was the winning word in the game Wordle. In one day, ‘Homer’ was searched 65,000 times.
Example: He hit 12 homers – a new record for the team.
Dictionary.com: Woman
Although one of the oldest words in English, the word ‘woman’ has been at the center of cultural conversations in 2022. High-profile events and debates have sparked conversations about the definition of ‘woman’, and in this year alone, searches for the word increased by 1,400%.
Example: Georgina identified as a woman.
New English words to learn in 2023
1. Copypasta
Data (including text) that has been copied and pasted online is known as ‘copypasta’. It can be lighthearted content that is spread for likes, or it can be a serious political message. ‘Copypasta’ was prominent in the pandemic, where people claimed it was used for misinformation around the virus and its treatment.
Example: The copypasta on Twitter is getting out of hand.
2. Trip stacking
A strategy used to make reservations for multiple separate vacations. ‘Trip stacking’ includes booking accommodation, restaurants, and activities for different locations in one go. The strategy became popular during the pandemic, when travel plans were heavily disrupted.
Example: We’re trip stacking for the summer break.
3. Place lag
The sensation of surprise and disorientation after you make a long plane journey and arrive in a new place. Similar to ‘jet lag’ but refers to an emotional feeling toward an unfamiliar location. Like ‘trip stacking’, ‘place lag’ became popular after pandemic lockdowns, when people’s perspective on travel and the world was dramatically altered.
Example: The place lag hit him hard when he stepped off the plane.
4. Deplatform
The act of taking away someone’s ability to spread a message on a large scale. To ‘deplatform’ is a figurative act, and typically refers to removing someone from a social media platform. ‘Deplatform’ is linked to cancel culture, and the responsibility of tech companies to police hate speech and misinformation.
Example: The website has taken action to deplatform the brand after recent events.
5. Shrinkflation
The reduction in size of goods over time but the price stays the same. Normally refers to food items but can apply to other purchases. ‘Shrinkflation’ results in a higher cost per unit for customers. Many people were concerned about ‘shrinkflation’ in the recession and economic uncertainty of 2022.
Example: Shrinkflation made it difficult for Tony to buy groceries for a big family on a budget.
6. At (don’t ‘at’ me)
The use of ‘at’ as a verb, particularly to argue with another person on social media or disagree with someone’s opinion. ‘At’ in this context stems from the @ sign, where people tag usernames to reply to content that they have shared.
Example: The band’s second album was disappointing. Don’t at me.
7. Churn rate
The number or percentage of employees that leave a company in a specified time frame. ‘Churn rate’ surged in popularity in 2022, when The Great Resignation happened, where millions of workers left their jobs. ‘Churn rate’ can also be applied to other contexts, such as a metric to measure the number of people who have stopped using a product or service.
Example: The company’s churn rate increased after it required employees to work from the office.
Read more about tech layoffs in 2022 and how you can future proof your career.
8. Greenwash
The verb to intentionally promote something as environmentally-friendly (or less environmentally damaging) than is true – typically to gain more customers or improve sentiment toward a brand. Many organizations were accused of ‘greenwashing’ in 2022, after new laws were introduced to encourage lower carbon emissions.
Example: We’ll greenwash the public if we don’t include all operation numbers in the report.
9. Level up
To advance or improve. ‘Level up’ originates from games, where users unlock new levels as they progress. Normally refers to a person or a particular skill.
Example: I want to level up my wardrobe with some new clothes.
10. Hard pass
To firmly say ‘no’ to something or reject an offer. ‘Pass’ is a less strong, and more polite, version of ‘hard pass’, which is better suited to informal settings. The term gained popularity in the pandemic, when people were more likely to turn down suggestions to socialize (especially if they were in ‘goblin mode’).
Example: They want to go to the city center on a Saturday? Hard pass from me.
These are just a sample of the hundreds of new words in English this year. For a more extensive list of new words in 2023, take a look at the Oxford Dictionary, Collins Dictionary, Cambridge Dictionary, and Merriam-Webster Dictionary blogs.
Discover the ELSA Dictionary feature
If you come across any new words in English and don’t know what they mean (or are unsure of how to say them) – don’t worry! With our Dictionary feature you can:
- Check the definition of a word
- Listen to the pronunciation
- Read an example sentence
- Add it to a study set (or create a new one)
- And even watch other people saying the word in context!
Download the app now.