Author of the last word


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Reviewed in the United States on February 18, 2012

Mark Lane
was born with a brain. Just getting a new book causes so much excitement that all the old flames merely smolder in the back burner region of hell on wheels when Last Word (2011) by Mark Lane was enticing me like a former Military Intelligence fanatic with a bunch of internet pornography saying:

Let’s go to your room.

Alvin Greene was charged with some kind of speech crime at a University in South Carolina after a student’s mother told her daughter to call the campus police. Mark Lane is trying to out-Momma that Momma by calling for an indictment of the CIA in the murder of JFK. The late Isaiah Berlin wrote an essay on:

The Birth of the Russian Intelligentsia

which is reprinted in his book, Russian Thinkers (1978). Young Russians who had studied Hegelian philosophy at German universities had been bringing their brightest ideas over to Russia to bring about the pantheistic feeling of identification with the cosmos. Like Americans claiming victory in World War II, feelings in Russia after the long march to Paris following the invasion by Napoleon brought about an awareness of sheer brute force with a nationalism that felt itself being challenged by: 

Russian Thinkers

a growth of the feeling of responsibility
for the chaos, the squalor, the poverty,
the inefficiency, the brutality, the
appalling disorder in Russia. (Berlin, p. 118).

As a President, JFK had allowed his brother to menace higher swindle fanatics who were gangsters. My life was largely shaped by the ten years following the assassination of JFK, including a live national TV broadcast from the basement of the Dallas Police Station when the arresting officers put the handcuffs on Jack Ruby and he told them:

You all know me. I’m Jack Ruby.

KGB envy.

Oliver Stone is listed in the contents of Last Word as the author of a section of this book:

The KGB and Jim Garrison.

The Media Response to official efforts to blame Lee Harvey Oswald, who died shortly after being shot by Jack Ruby, as the lone assassin firing the bullet that killed JFK largely conformed to the behavior of a wealthy elite trying to bomb the rest of the world back into the stone age. Zeus as a character in Prometheus Bound by Aeschylus became a Greek personification of the king of the gods picking on anyone who attempted to help humankind escape from the MK Ultra treatment. Oliver Stone had some Vietnam experience before he became a movie director responsible for the movie JFK on the case against Clay Shaw brought by Jim Garrison. Oliver Stone blames «an orchestrated effort by the CIA to discredit critics of the Warren Commission» (p. 75) for picking on Jim Garrison. A CIA publication Studies in Intelligence with an article by Max Holland was reviewed in Foreign Affairs by Philip Zelikow blaming a «KGB disinformation operation» (p. 72) for spreading the idea «that the CIA had been involved in the assassination of President Kennedy.» (p. 72). The KGB was accused of planting a false story in March 1967 in an Italian left-wing newspaper. The global politics behind the news story:

The articles were actually
assigned in the wake of a
right-wing coup in Greece
and were intended to prevent
such a coup in Italy. (p. 74).

A student newspaper at the University of Michigan complained about the government of Greece being overthrown when I was a student in Ann Arbor, Michigan, and 1967 was the year the Unabomber got a PhD in mathematics there so he could teach at the University of California to get enough money to buy land in Montana and leave all the brilliant students trying to figure out how to join all the higher swindle fanatics in collective dedication to their own devices while he worked on his own devices.

Haldeman and Helms have a conversation after the Watergate break-in of June, 1972, almost ten years after the JFK assassination which made Haldeman think:

«in all those references to the
Bay of Pigs, he was actually
referring to the Kennedy
assassination.» (p. 284).

Walter Kaufmann gave a talk in the week following the JFK assassination in which he talked about Oedipus as one who was brought so low that the audience should shiver with the kind of reaction:

What is to become of us?

that was quoted in stories about people in the world who felt the assassination as a personal event in their lives. America needed a Super President then to convince the world that the United States of America would be the new Martin Luther Stonehood promoting equality in ways that would knock their socks off.

Last Word does not have an index, but the chapter The CIA and the Media begins with some analysis of articles by Max Holland as «CIA’s mole.» (p. 105). Mark Lane was picked on as one of «The JFK Lawyers’ Conspiracy» (p. 106). Mark Lane had published Rush To Judgment before he met the other three lawyers who had supposedly conspired. Holland is capable of seeing and believing the truth. For example:

And now for the accurate statement
by Holland. He complained that
«Lane’s basic allegation (was)
that the government was indifferent
to the truth.» All along, I had been
led to believe that shibboleth was
the motto of The Nation and a concept
that defines the role of the people
and the press in a democratic society. (p. 107).

Counterintelligence is the tricky concept that gives higher swindle fanatics their plausible denial. Mark Lane interviewed many of the jurors in the trial of Clay Shaw after Clay Shaw was acquitted in 1969. Even if the CIA played a part in the assassination, the jurors did not believe it was proved that Claw Shaw worked for the CIA. The kind of fake personal identities that popped up in the Alger Hiss case might apply to Clay Shaw if they had all agreed to call him something else when he was doing any dirty work. The who- and what-ness of how people act crumbles all to hell when a society falls for really high swindles like:

The CIA instructed its media assets
that «because of the standing of the
members of the Warren Commission,
efforts to impugn their rectitude and
wisdom tend to cast doubt on the
whole leadership of American
society.» (p. 110).

Thus stated, Martin Luther Stonehood applied to an entire generation who are totally off our nut when «God bless America,» Memorial Day, the National anthem, and the pledge «one nation, under God» are assumed to have sentimental value to the quivering cows who noticed that LBJ let the bull into their pasture.

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Reviewed in the United States on March 1, 2018

This is Mark Lane’s final word on not only the CIA but also the Secret Service, the Warren Commission, and Vincent Bugliosi’s 1,600 page, 5.5 pound opus called ‘Rewriting History’. I’ve read about some of this before but this book added a lot of fascinating and important details.

Reading about what really happened with the Warren Commission and their so called report is like wading into a putrid swamp of lies and deceit. The commission’s objective was to just collect any evidence which supported Lee Oswald’s guilt and not to try to investigate any other possible theories about the assassination. Which is the exact opposite of how a real criminal investigation is supposed to work.

I didn’t realize until now Mr. Lane helped organize the HSCA government hearings to look into the assassination. Mr. Lane recommended two other lawyers to run the HSCA investigation. But as those guys got closer and closer to the truth the hypocrisy and cowardice machine in Washington, DC kicked into high gear. Mr. Lane’s friends resigned from the HSCA in disgust and were replaced by government lackey G. Robert Blakey. Blakey signed a secrecy agreement with the CIA and then proceeded to replace one fairy tale, the Warren Report, with another one about how the Italian mafia was ultimately responsible for JFK’s murder. The HSCA was the last chance to uncover the truth about the JFK assassination and bring the true conspirators to justice.

The image of the CIA that emerges from this book is a sponsor of international terrorism and war crimes. People tried to warn presidents Eisenhower and Kennedy to reign in this multi headed hydra of evil before it was too late. The Agency is like a dangerous creature which, when cornered, lashes out with its vast resources. And it lashed out at John Kennedy who was threatening to shut down the CIA for good.

And John Kennedy was just the beginning. The list of mysterious deaths of people who knew too much about the JFK mystery for their own good and who turned up dead is very long. What’s scary about these murders is they weren’t done to send some kind of political message. They were done in secret and the intention was that they will remain secret forever. These are people who had become a threat to an Agency with much larger objectives and schemes. Women. Police officers. People serving in the military. Even a former director of the CIA. Nobody was safe.

I don’t agree with everything in this book. Mr. Lane suggests that the Secret Service agents who were driving the presidential limousine intentionally stopped the car so the snipers could blow JFK’s head off. But there’s a very sharp turn there in Dealey Plaza which forced the driver to come to an almost complete stop. That’s where they had the crossfire set up. And the people who committed this assassination weren’t amateurs. I don’t care how much the Secret Service agents disliked John Kennedy, nobody is that dedicated to a cause that they would put themselves into that car if they knew what was going to happen.

Also he says Lee Oswald did not travel to Mexico City. However Judyth Baker how now surfaced after many years. She says that yes they did send Lee to Mexico City to deliver an injectable form of cancer to use on Fidel Castro. But when Lee’s contact in Mexico didn’t show up he knew something was wrong. Although in any case it’s clear that Lee Oswald never went to the Cuban or Soviet embassies in Mexico City. I guess they just wanted to create a fake paper trail of him going there.

This is an excellent book I thought, one of the best I’ve read about the JFK case. Up until now I didn’t realize that certain details about the assassination surfaced in a court room or government investigation setting. I will probably read more of Mr. Lane’s books.

Mr. Lane was there right from the beginning. He knew John Kennedy personally and worked on one of JFK’s political campaigns. That’s over 50 years of experience and knowledge about the JFK mystery. Mark Lane is up there with Jim Garrison, Fletcher Prouty, and a few other people in the list of JFK heroes.

These are people who, for whatever reasons, were not willing to accept what was going on. And they all took risks in speaking out.

A Deeper, Darker Truth: Tom Wilson’s Journey into the Assassination of John F. Kennedy

On the Trail of the Assassins: One Man’s Quest to Solve the Murder of President Kennedy

JFK: The CIA, Vietnam, and the Plot to Assassinate John F. Kennedy

Hit List: An In-Depth Investigation into the Mysterious Deaths of Witnesses to the JFK Assassination

Me & Lee: How I Came to Know, Love and Lose Lee Harvey Oswald

The Man Who Killed Kennedy: The Case Against LBJ

Official and Confidential: The Secret Life of J. Edgar Hoover

Mary’s Mosaic: The CIA Conspiracy to Murder John F. Kennedy, Mary Pinchot Meyer, and Their Vision for World Peace: Third Edition

Texas in the Morning: The Love Story of Madeleine Brown and President Lyndon Baines Johnson

2: Countdown to Darkness: The Assassination of President Kennedy Volume II (Volume 2)

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Reviewed in the United States on February 25, 2023

Our country has been destroyed by power hungry individuals that have taken our freedoms with little or no resistance. Regaining those freedoms will require much blood, much blood!

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Top reviews from other countries

4.0 out of 5 stars

Maybe not the last word but certainly some very thoughtful ones. Deserves to be read and discussed.

Reviewed in the United Kingdom on September 28, 2015

With so many books written about the assassination of President John F. Kennedy (hundreds?) it’s difficult to imagine this book really is the last word on the subject, even from the author himself. Nevertheless, lawyer and author Mark Lane gives us his verdict on the subject, with an air of finality.

Written in his familiar style, warm, witty, sometimes acerbic but always with a lawyer’s eye for precision, The Last Word is an interesting read, though certainly not an essential one, when it comes to the topic. Whereas Lane’s first book on the subject, Rush to Judgement, was a brilliantly original and devastating deconstruction of the official Warren Commission narrative, his second book on JFK’s murder, Plausible Denial, seemed to cover some of the same material (and that book’s chapter on why JFK was killed, might appear rather familiar to anyone who’s read Colonel L. Fletcher Prouty’s book JFK: The CIA, Vietnam and the plot to kill John F. Kennedy). Yet Plausible Denial still managed to add plenty of fascinating new material. The Last Word is analogous to the cliched criminal returning once again to the scene of the crime. This time, however, Lane appears to be plagiarising himself once too far. Not only is this book reusing his previous books quite liberally, it repeats itself quite frequently (case in point: the Mexico City legend).

Yet despite this repetition, I found myself admiring The Last Word: the author’s bold accusation emblazoned on the cover, his mastery of the facts, his work over so many decades, both within the «conspiracy» scene and without — Mark Lane has been a tireless searcher for what he perceives as the truth.

It could be said that, to use a courtroom analogy, The Last Word is Mark Lane’s summing up of the evidence, to reinforce the story in those who have followed this tragic case over so many years and also his last throw of the dice to arrest the attention of a new generation, who may well come to view this public execution of a sitting President as now no more relevant than the death of Francesco I de’ Medici, a mere historical curiosity.

Certainly, Mark Lane’s first book on JFK’s death, Rush to Judgement, is essential. His second book, Plausible Denial, whilst not essential, is still fascinating. This third book, The Last Word, is still a great read but it does not really contribute or add anything new to such familiar material, though it does précis other books rather well: JFK’s Vietnam policy, the Secret Service, the Novo brothers and Gerry Patrick Hemming all get touched upon.

Aptly enough, The Last Word reads very much like a postscript. Mark Lane has been intimately involved with this story from the very beginning. His persistence and tenacity is to be admired. His writing style is so fluid and engaging that it is difficult not to be won over by this book, despite its limitations. Citizen Lane has been a proven speaker of truth to power over many years. For that alone, this book deserves your attention.

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5.0 out of 5 stars

open your eyes and see the obvious

Reviewed in the United Kingdom on May 22, 2016

opens your eyes unless you live in a cave and still think Oswald killed kennedy. so many times he proves a point and its ignored by the gov. they just don’t want the truth to be out there, as if many people actually believe Oswald did the deed. theres flaw after flaw in the case and its swept under the carpet like it didn’t exist. glad I bought it and glad I read it. also mentions Abraham bolden in the book who was a secret service agent who told the truth and was treated abysmally, his book is what I’m reading at the moment and id never heard of his story till he was mention in lanes book. both worth a read

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5.0 out of 5 stars

Lion

Reviewed in the United Kingdom on May 5, 2014

I cannot recommend this book more highly. This book was hard to put down — I started to read it as soon as it arrived and finished it in a few days. Mr. Lane is simply a lion of a man, courageous and clever. Thank god for people like him. Everything in the book I agree with except the extent to which Mr. Lane portrays JFK’s peaceful intent on Cuba. Disappointed in Tom Hanks — either he needs to do more research, and of the balanced kind, or is in the pay or pocket of the «4th Branch» of government.

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5.0 out of 5 stars

Stunning book, and the 50 years of research by …

Reviewed in the United Kingdom on May 24, 2016

Stunning book, and the 50 years of research by Mark Lane (and many others) surely proves, beyond reasonable doubt, that there was a major conspiracy behind JFK’s murder — with the CIA at the top of the suspects list and big business interests not far behind them. Shocking revelations also about the agency’s murderous activities in Vietnam, and it’s no wonder the agency’s nickname «murder incorporated» stuck.

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5.0 out of 5 stars

Another superb indictment of the CIA’s treachery

Reviewed in the United Kingdom on December 1, 2013

What more is there to say? Mark Lane’s mastery of the Assassination provides all you need to know for a proper investigation.

How many successive Presidents have avoided the issue? Does the CIA have so much influence that the truth will never come out? Is Bill O’Reilly the latest apologist to come out of the woodwork?

Mark Lane must be the most frustrated person in the world but to me he is an American hero despite his left-wing leanings!

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

First edition (publ. Reinhardt Books)

«The Last Word» is a dystopian short story by author Graham Greene, written in 1988 (see 1988 in literature). It first appeared in The Independent but can also be found in collections of his short fiction, notably the Penguin edition of The Last Word and Other Stories, for which it is the lead story. The story, written toward the end of Greene’s life, reflects his frustration at the declining influence of religion, particularly Catholicism, in the modern world.

The Last Word is Greene’s final short story, before his death from leukemia in 1991.

Plot summary[edit]

The story revolves around the last Pope, John XXIX, who was overthrown more than twenty years earlier with the establishment of a new world government under General Megrim. The pope is now a frail old man, who lives in obscurity under a moderate form of house arrest, ignored by his neighbors and forbidden to keep any religious items. All he has left is a book, possibly a Bible, that he has managed to hide, and a crucifix with an arm broken off. He is already feeble-minded and has forgotten most of his past, and the world has forgotten him as well—when the concierge at a hotel is told that he is the pope, he answers, «The Pope? What’s the Pope?»

When the Pope was toppled, there was an attempt to assassinate him, but this failed, and it was since decided not to make him a martyr to the few surviving Christians. Since then, Christianity has been eradicated, and the pope is now the last surviving Christian.

In the story, the Pope is flown for a formal meeting with the General, the new leader of the new world order. After many long years, it is a formal meeting, much publicized in the world press. The pope’s robes and even his papal ring are restored to him from the World Museum of Myths, and he is forced to don them for the occasion, faintly remembering earlier days when they were his normal attire. At 11:30 am sharp, he is taken to meet the general, who reminds him that he is «The last Pope, but still a Pope,» and therefore still a threat. The general places a gun on the table and offers him an opportunity to die with dignity, «The last Christian. This is a moment of history.» After many long years of isolation, this is a relief to the Pope. The two men share a glass of wine before the execution is to take place. His last words, before he is shot, are Corpus domini nostri[1]

Greene ends the story by reflecting on the General’s concern that Christianity may be abandoned and its last believers persecuted, but that somehow the faith will survive. Even after performing the execution himself, the General is plagued by the doubt, «…is it possible that what this man believed may be true?» Even religion’s greatest enemies, Greene is saying, still live with the question of what if they are wrong, and as long as the slightest doubt remains, Christianity will survive. Even though he is frustrated by the modern world’s skepticism, he believes that that very skepticism may yet be what keeps Christianity alive.

References[edit]

  1. ^ The first words of «Corpus Domini nostri Jesu Christi custodiat animam tuam in vitam aeternam.” (May the Body of our Lord Jesus Christ preserve your soul to everlasting life.)

See also[edit]

  • Lord of the World

If there is such a thing as reason, it has to be universal. Reason must reflect objective principles whose validity is independent of our point of view—principles that anyone with enough intelligence ought to be able to recognize as correct. But this generality of reason is what relativists and subjectivists deny in ever-increasing numbers. And such subjectivism is not just an inconsequential intellectual flourish or badge of theoretical chic. It is exploited to deflect argument and to belittle the pretensions of the arguments of others. The continuing spread of this relativistic way of thinking threatens to make public discourse increasingly difficult and to exacerbate the deep divisions of our society. In The Last Word, Thomas Nagel, one of the most influential philosophers writing in English, presents a sustained defense of reason against the attacks of subjectivism, delivering systematic rebuttals of relativistic claims with respect to language, logic, science, and ethics.
He shows that the last word in disputes about the objective validity of any form of thought must lie in some unqualified thoughts about how things are—thoughts that we cannot regard from outside as mere psychological dispositions.

    GenresPhilosophyNonfictionScience

160 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 1996



About the author

Thomas Nagel is an American philosopher, currently University Professor and Professor of Philosophy and Law at New York University, where he has taught since 1980. His main areas of philosophical interest are philosophy of mind, political philosophy and ethics. He is well-known for his critique of reductionist accounts of the mind in his essay «What Is it Like to Be a Bat?» (1974), and for his contributions to deontological and liberal moral and political theory in The Possibility of Altruism (1970) and subsequent writings.

Thomas Nagel was born to a Jewish family in Belgrade, Yugoslavia (now Serbia). He received a BA from Cornell University in 1958, a BPhil from Oxford University in 1960, and a PhD from Harvard University in 1963 under the supervision of John Rawls. Before settling in New York, Nagel taught briefly at the University of California, Berkeley (from 1963 to 1966) and at Princeton University (from 1966 to 1980), where he trained many well-known philosophers including Susan Wolf, Shelly Kagan, and Samuel Scheffler, who is now his colleague at NYU. In 2006, he was made a member of the American Philosophical Society.

Nagel is a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and a Corresponding Fellow of the British Academy, and has held fellowships from the Guggenheim Foundation, the National Science Foundation, and the National Endowment for the Humanities. In 2008, he was awarded a Rolf Schock Prize for his work in philosophy, the Balzan prize, and the honorary degree of Doctor of Letters from Oxford University.



Displaying 1 — 18 of 18 reviews

Profile Image for Greg.

1,109 reviews1,830 followers

October 26, 2009

This is a short but brain-hurting little book on reason, and the fallacies of non-rational / subjective attempts at building epistemologies and ethical systems. I won’t bore anyone with the details, and this isn’t a spoiler because he throws out his view right at the start of the book, but Nagel’s basic idea is that any attempt to overthrow rationality, say for example for a cultural relativism for how come to think the way we think, is doomed because to engage in the exercise we are still in the basis of rationality that we are trying to disprove, thus rationality wins. By Nagel’s account all attempts to get around this in pragmatic or positivist ways have failed because they still need to rely on reason to basis their own explanations, and thus reason is kind of irreducible. The kind of fascinating stuff that only a philosophy person would find interesting, and everyone else would ask, so?

I’ve written in more detail some problems that I had with the last chapter here:

http://appendixa.wordpress.com/2009/1…

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Profile Image for Alexi Parizeau.

284 reviews24 followers

November 24, 2015

It was shocking how relevant this book turned out to be, at least for my own interests. Sorry this is going to be a useless review, because I’m utterly blinded by the profundity this has for my own work.

[First Reading: April 12-13 2015]


Profile Image for Edwin.

10 reviews

August 18, 2020

Is it possible to have an objective framework from which to view the outside world or are we perpetually doomed to view it through the narrow lens of local customs and historical contingents. Nagel, widely regarded as a modern giant in the field of Philosophy takes on this task of equal proportions in this compact yet deceivingly dense book. He applies a Rational approach to disciplines such as Logic, Science, Mathematics, Language and Ethics to show why Subjectivism is self refuting and false.
The work is clear in its message, but I’d argue that some of the points rely too heavily on Wittengsteinian Philosophy. They’re not beyond the grasp of a motivated yet uninitiated reader (of which I count myself) but it does serve as a barrier from really understanding a lot of the concepts being laid out, though I am grateful for some paradoxes he has introduced me too (The Kripkenstein: The Rule following Paradox)
What initially got me interested in reading this work was the prevailing state of discord among seemingly all classes of people. Surely there is universal truth that binds people together and one would hope that it is Reason. Nagel doesn’t discount that idea, but he does suggest that Reason is not something which can be understood without utilizing Reason itself which in itself is another paradox. It would be really difficult to convince a Subjectivist or Relativists on such shaky ground. It’s not very different from when a believer tells you that Faith is a self affirming Truth.
Finally, I’m not sure how much Nagel advances the debate on Objectivity v Subjectivity as I’ll be the first to admit that I’m not very well-read on the subject matter but The Last Word is full of really insightful and well thought out arguments and though a little frustrating at times, I’d say an overall enjoyable read. Nagel is honest in his writing and is even willing to point out irreconcilable standpoints that act as a burden on his main point. He respects the reader enough to allow them to come to their own conclusion.


June 27, 2020

If only we could stop with the nonsense that is relativism in the social sciences. For the most part, Nagel accurately describes just how nonsensical the entire movement is, which reduces the human being to nothing more than an arbitrary bundle of contingencies. I did not care for his writing style, even though the content is really well thought out. But his sentence structure is at times convoluted and at times just harder to understand than need be. He also pretty much supposed you have read and understood a lot of classic philosophy to be able to follow the arguments entirely.


Profile Image for Mitch Flitcroft.

89 reviews7 followers

May 25, 2018

This is a book about where epistemic justification comes to an end. It defends the universality of reason against subjectivist critiques by showing that the critiques are either self-defeating (as is the case in logic) or less plausible than their alternative (as is the case in science and ethics). There was a brief discussion of Godel’s incompleteness theorems, but I would have loved more. I’d recommend this book if you’re interested in philosophy, particularly epistemology.


Profile Image for Error Theorist.

66 reviews62 followers

September 28, 2012

Overall, this was a rather well done refutation of most vulgar relativistic conceptions of knowledge and justification. His arguments in favor of ethical realism seem to be rather well constructed, even if I completely disagree. In short, this is definitely worth reading if you want a refutation of the more naive forms of relativism floating around the intellectual zeitgeist.


Profile Image for Rui Coelho.

217 reviews

August 23, 2015

This was a fun read. It was amusing to watch Nagel contradicting himself, question-begging and making a fool of himself in general in order to advocate for his unreasonable and outdated belief that reason and logic are the sole foudations for a valid discourse.


Profile Image for Kean Chan.

20 reviews5 followers

March 4, 2013

Nagel defends the rationalist concept of reason and leads a polemic against subjectivist conventions, exposing them as inherent fallacies


Profile Image for Josiah Watson.

35 reviews6 followers

November 30, 2021

Incredible book, while I find that I have a few disagreements here and there, this book does a great job refuting subjectivism. I would describe this book as small but dense, honest, developed, and careful. Nagel, like everything else as I have read of his, has delivered a brilliant and insightful work.

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Profile Image for Andrei Khrapavitski.

93 reviews25 followers

March 6, 2017

My weekend read was «Last Word,» a book by philosopher Thomas Nagel. Considering how prevalent postmodern subjectivist, relativistic, pragmatist and/or naturalistic beliefs are these days, I highly recommend to pick this book and read Nagel’s arguments carefully. Together with Derek Parfit, Peter Singer and a number of other authors, Nagel masterfully attacks these views. Maybe not a knockdown argument, considering we always view the world from within our own perspective, but it helps, if you want to understand his arguments, to look at yourself and all your reasons from an impersonal perspective, or as Sidgwick calls it, point of view of the Universe. Nagel himself offers a different name for such view: view from nowhere, which is the title of one of his books, by the way.

Reading his book, I recalled a nice example where evolutionary programming fails unless a certain species can reason.
Remember that moths fly towards light. Well, they also fly right into a light bulb and die from its heat. They do so one after another. It’s possible that moths have an escape-route mechanism related to light. They evolved to follow that path. But they cannot reason that light bulbs are to be avoided.

Viewing from a viewpoint of a human, we can clearly see that. Likewise, whatever matters to us (religion, national or personal identity, etc.) is subject to reasoning (ours or an outside observer). You don’t have to be an Einstein to clearly see that we can be wrong about many things. Many subjective things that matter to us are irrational and if we reason hard enough about these things, they are to be avoided, just like light bulbs should be avoided by moths. The question is can we individually and collectively avoid the light bulb?


Want to read

February 9, 2016

1 of Sam’s top 3 philosophy books for everyone to read.

I’m a big fan of Thomas Nagel’s earlier work… He is a very fine writer — a very clear writer — and just as a style of communication … he’s worth going to school on.» Sam Harris
Champions rationality)

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Profile Image for Ela.

3 reviews1 follower

December 14, 2012

A good headache! Am writing a paper on the Ethics chapter now; comparing some of his writing with Wittgenstein. I can´t believe how much their views have in common…


Profile Image for Michael Miller.

187 reviews16 followers

January 5, 2021

Nagel’s defense of reason against subjectivism and relativism is thought provoking, somewhat repetitive, and dense.

    philosophy

Profile Image for Xavier.

108 reviews13 followers

Currently reading

August 16, 2019

Only read it to page 53. I will come back to this when I’m more reasonable. Reason will have the last word.
So far, it seems like an extremely refined attack on anti-rationalistic tendencies like post-modernism.
I’m on page 53. This is just a little mobile reminder to myself to finish this book. There’s no real good, but there is a rational reason why I’m writing this review. It was the only way to bookmark on the go.
This review couldn’t possibly contain spoilers. Other than I was looking toyhe first and second and other words. Or the one and only supercontainer that will include reason its broadest, a-rationalistic sense. Nagel was also warning against analytic philosophy and the recent philosophy. So I cannot imagine how well reasoned the rest of his reasoning is. Though, there is no doubt there’s a more reasonable way of phrasing things.

This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.

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Profile Image for Jakub Ferencik.

Author 2 books72 followers

May 21, 2021

Although, I disagree with Nagel’s central thesis that rationality must be at the heart of epistemic questions, I admire Nagel’s «The Last Word.» It was well-written and well-argued. At times, he was repetitive but he efficiently covered the grounds that one should when briefly discussing this topic. I am walking away from this book very happy that I picked it up and decided to read it.

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Profile Image for Auntie Pam.

320 reviews40 followers

December 9, 2014

Un saggio davvero difficile per me che non amo la filosofia, e non c’entra nulla che l’ho letto in spagnolo. No, è proprio un rapporto di amore ed odio quello che ho con questi temi: o mi piacciono molto o li trovo banali e uan perdita di tempo. Questo per me è stata una perdita di tempo. Secondo il mio modesto parere Nagel è una persona egocentrica, uno che anche se vuol fare finta di dare il beneficio del dubbio, in cuor suo lui non ammetterà mai che può sbagliare. Perchè dire che ogni forma di pensiero soggettivista è falsa? Perchè per lui tutto quello che è soggettivo è assurdo? Mi domando perchè per Nagel sia tanto difficile ammettere con serenità che 2+2=4 e finirla lì, ma no, lui invece insiste col dire che c’è sempre qualcosa in più per cui dibattere e l’ultima parola non sarà mai l’ultima.
Mi sembra come quei bambini (e mi sono limitata a dire bambini che potrei dire uomini e il discorso non finirebbe più) che vogliono per forza avere l’ultima parola, anche se l’ultima parola non li convince mai abbastanza. Insomma, io e Nagel siamo come due amanti: ogni tanto si amano e ogni tanto si tengono il muso!

    2014 babele

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Versions of
The Last Word
by Matthew Arnold

  • Sister Projects.sister projects: Wikidata item.

Versions of The Last Word include:

  • Arnold, Matthew (1897), «The Last Word» in The poetical works of Matthew Arnold.
  • Arnold, Matthew (1904), «The Last Word» in The Hundred Best Poems (lyrical) in the English language.
  • Zona Gale (Nov 1903), «The Last Word» in Harper’s Magazine

The Author - The Last Word

Информация о песне На данной странице вы можете ознакомиться с текстом песни The Author, исполнителя — The Last Word. Песня из альбома Oblivion, в жанре Пост-хардкор
Дата выпуска: 22.07.2013
Лейбл звукозаписи: The Last Word
Язык песни: Английский

Выберите на какой язык перевести:

The Author

(оригинал)

I am the weak, I am the powerless,
so heartsick, so despondent, words of the lonely.
I am the solitary, I am the emptiness,
secluded within, within the author.
The voice of the desperate, the pathetic forsaken wreck.
The sickening, the self destructive symptoms have become me.
the changing seasons, wasting away.
The darkest of feeling asphyxiate.
I am the weak, I am the powerless,
so heartsick, so despondent, words of the lonely.
I am the solitary, I am the emptiness,
secluded within, within the author.
The sins I can’t, I can’t wash away.
no.
Will I ever become anything more than the words on this page?
Feeling so numb from despair like morphine,
like morphine!
This departure will be the last.
The mind of the wretched,
The violent destructive monster.
The dead inside the empty shadow,
I am the broken one.
The broken one.

автор

(перевод)

Я слабый, я бессильный,
такие душераздирающие, такие унылые слова одиноких.
Я одинок, я пустота,
уединенный внутри, внутри автора.
Голос отчаянного, жалкого покинутого крушения.
Отвратительные, саморазрушительные симптомы стали мной.
смена времен года, увядание.
Самое мрачное из ощущений удушья.
Я слабый, я бессильный,
такие душераздирающие, такие унылые слова одиноких.
Я одинок, я пустота,
уединенный внутри, внутри автора.
Грехи не могу, не могу смыть.
нет.
Стану ли я когда-нибудь чем-то большим, чем слова на этой странице?
Чувствуя такое оцепенение от отчаяния, как морфин,
как морфин!
Этот отъезд будет последним.
Разум несчастного,
Жестокий разрушительный монстр.
Мертвые внутри пустой тени,
Я сломанный.
Сломанный.

Рейтинг перевода: 5

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Голосов: 1

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