Aunt and uncle in one word

There are many languages that differentiate relatives much more than English does. So you can have different words for aunts, uncles, grandmothers, and grandfathers on your mother’s side and your father’s side. I suspect your native language is one of these.

English doesn’t do this. The distinction isn’t important enough to require separate words for each. We usually don’t bother specifying the relationship any further, and when we do we add the words «maternal» (formal) for our mothers’ side and «paternal» (formal) for our fathers’ side before the word for the relative. Informally, we just say «uncle/aunt on my mum’s/dad’s side». However, this doesn’t completely define the relationship for aunts and uncles. If I say «paternal aunt» it’s either my father’s sister, or my father’s brother’s wife (my father’s sister-in-law). (Note that my father’s sister-in-law can also mean his wife’s sister, who is not related to me if my father’s wife is not my mother.)

Some languages also have terms for older brother, younger brother, older sister, younger sister, etc. Using these words shows respect by acknowledging a hierarchy within a family. Not only does English not have the equivalent words, we also have a word «sibling» which is either a brother or a sister without specifying the gender. Many languages don’t have a word for «sibling», e.g. instead of asking «Do you have any siblings?» you have to ask «Do you have any brothers or sisters?»

So, in English we have different words depending on the gender of the relative, but not different words for exactly how they’re related. Many of our terms are ambiguous without going into more detail. We also have non-gender-specific words for most relations: parent, child, sibling, grandparent, grandchild, cousin. We don’t have non-gender-specific words for aunt, uncle, niece, or nephew.

The many comments this answer has attracted shows how the words mean just what they mean, no more, no less. An aunt can be on your mother’s side or your father’s side. She could be related to you by blood (one of your parents’ siblings) or she could be related to you by marriage (one of your uncles’ wives). English doesn’t specify any further than that, and usually it’s not important enough to clarify the situation.

Your language might not have words for «one parent’s brother» or «one parent’s sister». A native English person learning your language might find this strange but they would cope after a while. Not having more specific words than «aunt» or «uncle» might seem strange to you, but it’s the norm in English to not be more specific. Our language is influenced by our culture and our culture is influenced by our language. Apparently, there is no cultural or linguistic need in English for more specific words.

Both of my parents are only children, so I have no natural aunts or uncles. Everyone I call «Aunt» or «Uncle» is actually a great-aunt or great-uncle (my grandparents’ siblings), or a cousin of an appropriate age (i.e. roughly my parents’ age).

Something about different languages is that although they can all express the same ideas, often there are no direct translations. This is one of those cases. The most natural way is to just say «aunt» or «uncle». Only specify it further if it’s important to do so.

by Min Straussman

For many of us, our parents’ siblings are a big part of our life—from providing love and support to, let’s be honest, spoiling us. National Aunts and Uncles Day on July 26 is a time to honor and show our appreciation for these family members (and not just because they let us do the stuff our parents wouldn’t). But, perhaps because they’re so under-appreciated, there isn’t a common, single term to refer to them all at once.

Think about it: we can refer to moms and dads as parents and brothers and sisters as siblings. Each word can also be used in the singular to refer to such a relative without specifying their gender—which is also the case for cousin. But what about aunts and uncles—or their counterparts, nieces and nephews?

Well, it turns out there are some terms we can use to refer to these important relatives when we’re talking about more than one. Not only that, these terms are great examples of gender-neutral and gender-inclusive language that can make it easier to refer to and address the relatives we love—regardless of their gender.

Aunt and uncle

You’re familiar with the terms aunt and uncle, but do you know where they come from? The word aunt ultimately comes from the Latin amita, meaning “father’s sister.” In modern use, aunt can refer to the sister of one’s parent or to the female partner of a parent’s sibling (your mom’s sister’s wife, for example). The word uncle is the male equivalent, referring to the brother of one’s parent or the male partner of a parent’s sibling (your dad’s sister’s husband, for example). It ultimately comes from the Latin avunculus, meaning “mother’s brother.”

If that Latin root looks familiar, it might be because you’ve heard the adjective avuncular. It literally means “of or relating to an uncle,” but we most commonly use it in a figurative way to describe someone, usually a man, as “kind, patient, and generous, especially to younger people—like a good uncle is.” The less commonly known adjective materteral is specifically used to describe things relating to a maternal aunt (the sister of one’s mother).

Many languages have specific words for aunts or uncles depending on what side of the family they come from. Old English, for example, had two words for uncle: fædera, for the paternal uncle, and ēam, for the maternal uncle. In Swedish, the word for a paternal uncle is farbror (“father’s brother”) and the word for a maternal uncle is morbror (“mother’s brother”). Similar distinctions exist in many other languages, including Tamil and Ukrainian.

Gender-neutral and nonbinary terms for aunt and uncle

When it comes to referring to a mixed group of aunts and uncles (like we can do with parents or siblings when referring to those relatives), the language is far from settled. That said, one term that has become increasingly popular is pibling. Pibling can refer to either an aunt or an uncle and is modeled on sibling, blended with the P from parent. For example:

• My piblings Alex, Jo, and Alice took me to the baseball game last week.

Pibling can also be used as a gender-neutral or nonbinary term to refer to the sibling of a parent regardless of their gender identity. There are also other gender-neutral or nonbinary terms for aunt and uncle that some people use or have proposed, including:

• titi: modeled on terms for aunt and uncle in Spanish (tía and tío)
• zizi: modeled on terms for aunt and uncle in Italian (zia and zio)
• bibi: modeled on titi and zizi, with the B from nonbinary (which is often abbreviated as nb)
• nini: similarly modeled on titi and zizi, with the N from nonbinary

Read about the meaning and importance of the term nonbinary.

Some terms are used by those who identify as gender-fluid or in other ways, including:

• auncle [ ahn-kuhl ]: a combination of aunt and uncle
• unty/untie: a combination of uncle and aunty/auntie

When it comes to using these words, the key is, as always, respect. Use the term your relative prefers. If you’re considering what term to use for yourself, this resource from the organization known as A Gender Agenda lists several options.

Niece, nephew, and nibling

The terms for niece and nephew are also gendered in the way that aunt and uncle are. Niece ultimately comes from the Latin neptis, meaning “granddaughter.” Of course, in English a niece is not a granddaughter—she’s “the daughter of one’s sibling.” Nephew (“the son of one’s sibling”) ultimately comes from the Latin nepōs, meaning “nephew, grandson.”

The linguist Samuel Martin is credited with coining the gender-neutral nibling in the 1950s. Nibling, like pibling, is modeled on sibling, with the addition of the letter N from niece and nephew.

Other proposed nonbinary or gender-inclusive terms for niece and nephew include:

• niephling: a combination of niece, nephew, and sibling
• neiph/nephiece/niephew: combinations of niece and nephew
• chibling: a combination of child and sibling
• sibkid: a shortening of sibling’s kid

Gender-neutral and gender-inclusive terminology for aunts, uncles, nieces, and nephews is relatively new and continues to evolve. If none of the terms mentioned here suit you (or your relative), there is always an option to create your own, just like we do with other kinship terms. For example, rather than use traditional terms like Grandma or Grandpa, some grandparents prefer to create their own titles, like Pipp or Birdy. The same creativity can be used to create your own alternative terms for aunt, uncle, niece, and nephew. The word you come up with might even become the one that everyone starts to use.

Min Straussman is a freelance writer and educator from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. A frequent contributor to Dictionary.com and Thesaurus.com, his work has also appeared in Hey Alma, beestung, and other publications. He lives in Paris. For more by Min, read: Terms For Understanding The Diversity Of Jewish American Life

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