Anyone who googles the word dreams will come across

Task 1 Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя. Занесите цифру, обозначающую соответствующую часть предложения, в таблицу.

Fire Crews Hunt Escaped Hamster

Eight firefighters have been called in to help find an escaped hamster. Two crews used a chocolate-covered camera and a vacuum cleaner A ____ , called Fudgie, at the home of a six-year-old girl in Dunbar, Scotland.

The girl’s mother said: ‘We came down for breakfast and discovered Fudgie had opened the top lid of her cage and had made her way into the kitchen and we think she has gone В ____ .’

The fire crews spent five hours trying to recover the pet after it ran down a hole in the kitchen floor. But, the hamster still refused С ____ .

In the search for Fudgie, the firefighters took the family cooker and gas pipes apart. They also dropped a mini-camera coated with chocolate under the floorboards. They then hoped to take out the hamster using a vacuum cleaner. Despite all their efforts, they failed to find Fudgie.

In the end, the firefighters put another camera down the hole D ____ , connected to the screen of the family home computer, to see if Fudgie appeared. Besides, the girl and her parents regularly dropped food E ____ .

At last, after eight days the hamster returned to her cage safe and sound. She crawled from the hole in the kitchen floor early in the morning. It was the girl’s father who first found Fudgie F ____ .

The girl said that day it was like Christmas morning for her. Her parents added that they too felt extremely happy when Fudgie had finally returned.

1. through a small hole in the floor

2. through the hole for the hamster

3. and locked the runaway hamster

4. to come out of the hole

5. to look after the pet

6. to try and locate the missing hamster

7. and left it under the floorboards

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
6	1	4	7	2	3

Task 2

Speed of eating is ‘key to obesity’

If you eat very quickly, it may be enough to increase your risk of being overweight, research suggests.

Osaka University scientists looked at the eating habits of 3,000 people. Just about half of them told researchers that they A ______ . Compared with those who did not eat quickly, fast-eating men were 84% more likely to be overweight, and women were 100% more likely to В ______ .

Japanese scientists said that there were a number of reasons why eating fast С ______ . They said it could prevent the work of a signalling system which tells your brain to stop eating because your stomach is full. They said: ‘If you eat quickly you basically fill your stomach before the system has a chance to react, so you D _____ .

The researchers also explained that a mechanism that helps make us fat today, developed with evolution and helped people get more food in the periods when they were short of it. The scientists added that the habit of eating fast could be received from one’s parents genes or E ______ .

They said that, if possible, children should be taught to F ______ , and allowed to stop when they felt full up at mealtimes. ‘The advice of our grandmothers about chewing everything 20 times might be true — if you take a bit more time eating, it could have a positive influence on your weight.

1. just overfill your stomach

2. could be bad for your weight

3. have a habit of eating quickly

4. linked to obesity

5. eat as slowly as possible

6. put on weight

7. learned at a very early age

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	6	2	1	7	5

Task 3

Hi-Tech Brings Families Together 

Technology is helping families stay in touch like never before, says a report carried out in the US.

Instead of driving people apart, mobile phones and the Internet are A ____ . The research looked at the differences in technology use between families with children and single adults. It found that traditional families have more hi-tech gadgets in their home В ____ . Several mobile phones were found in 89% of families and 66% had a high-speed Internet connection. The research also found that 58% of families have more С ____ .

Many people use their mobile phone to keep in touch and communicate with parents and children. Seventy percent of couples, D ____ , use it every day to chat or say hello. In addition, it was found that 42% of parents contact their children via their mobile every day.

The growing use of mobile phones, computers and the Internet means that families no longer gather round the TV to spend time together. 25% of those who took part in the report said they now spend less time E ____ . Only 58% of 18—29 year olds said they watched TV every day. Instead the research found that 52% of Internet users who live with their families go online F ____ several times a week and 51% of parents browse the web with their children.

Some analysts have worried that new technologies hurt families, but we see that technology allows for new kinds of connectedness built around cell phones and the Internet/ said the report.

1. than any other group

2. watching television

3. in the company of someone else

4. than two computers in the home

5. communicated with their families

6. helping them communicate

7. owning a mobile

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
6	1	4	7	2	3

Task 4

The Power of ‘Hello’ 

I work at a company where there are hundreds of employees. I know most of them and almost all of them know me. It is all based on one simple principle: I believe every single person deserves to be acknowledged, A ______ .

When I was about 10 years old, I was walking down the street with my mother. She stopped to speak to Mr. Lee. I knew I could see Mr. Lee any time around the neighborhood, В ______ .

After we passed Mr. Lee, my mother said something that has stuck with me from that day until now. She said, ‘You let that be the last time you ever walk by somebody and not open up your mouth to speak, because even a dog can wag its tail С______ . That phrase sounds simple, but it has been a guidepost for me and the foundation of who I am. I started to see that when I spoke to someone, they spoke back. And that felt good. It is not just something I believe in — D ______ . I believe that every person deserves to feel someone acknowledges their presence, no matter how unimportant they may be.

At work, I always used to say ‘hello’ to the founder of the company and ask him how our business was doing. But I was also speaking to the people in the cafe, and asked how their children were doing. I remembered after a few years of passing by the founder, I had the courage to ask him for a meeting. We had a great talk.

At a certain point, I asked him E ______ . He said, ‘If you want to, you can get all the way to this seat.’ I have become vice president, but that has not changed the way I approach people. I speak to everyone I see, no matter where I am. I have learned that speaking to people creates a pathway into their world, F ______ .

1. it has become a way of life.

2. when it passes you on the street.

3. when you see him and talk to him.

4. and it lets them come into mine, too.

5. so I did not pay any attention to him.

6. however small or simple the greeting is.

7. how far he thought I could go in his company.

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
6	5	2	1	7	4

Task 5

Friendship and Love

 A strong friendship takes a significant amount of time to develop. It will not just magically mature overnight. A friendship involves committing oneself to help another person A ______ . I believe that, nothing can replace a true friend, not material objects, or money, and definitely not a boy.

I met this guy a couple summers ago who I ended up spending almost all of my free time with. His parents did not approve of our dating because of our age difference, В ______ . He had told me the day we met that he had joined the air force and would leave for overseas that coming October. After three months had past, the time came when he had to leave. This left me feeling completely alone.

I turned to my friends for support, but to my surprise, С ______ . I had spent so much time with this guy and so little time with them, that they did not feel sorry for me when he left. For so long they had become the only constant in my life, and I had taken them for granted over something D ______ .

When my boyfriend came back, our relationship changed. I tried to fix all the aspects in my life that had gone so wrong in the previous six months.

This experience taught me that true friendships will only survive if one puts forth effort to make them last. Keeping friends close will guarantee that E ______ . When a relationship falls apart, a friend will always do everything in their power to make everything less painful. As for me, I try to keep my friends as close as I can. I know they will always support me in whatever I do, and to them, I F ______ .

1. but we did anyway.

2. whenever a need arises.

3. they did not really care.

4. whenever they need your help.

5. could not guarantee would even last.

6. am eternally grateful for a second chance.

7. someone will always have a shoulder to cry on.

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	1	3	5	7	6

Task 6

Mobile phones

 On New Year’s Day, 1985, Michael Harrison phoned his father, Sir Ernest, to wish him a happy new year. Sir Ernest was chairman of Racal Electronics, the owner of Vodafone, A ______ .

At the time, mobile phones weighed almost a kilogram, cost several thousand pounds and provided only 20 minutes talktime. The networks themselves were small; Vodafone had just a dozen masts covering London. Nobody had any idea of the huge potential of wireless communication and the dramatic impact В ______ .

Hardly anyone believed there would come a day when mobile phones were so popular С ______ .But in 1999 one mobile phone was sold in the UK every four seconds, and by 2004 there were more mobile phones in the UK than people. The boom was a result of increased competition which pushed prices lower and created innovations in the way that mobiles were sold.

When the government introduced more competition, companies started cutting prices to attract more customers. Cellnet, for example, changed its prices, D ______ . It also introduced local call tariffs.

The way that handsets themselves were marketed was also changing and it was Finland’s Nokia who made E ______ . In the late 1990s Nokia realized that the mobile phone was a fashion item: so it offered interchangeable covers which allowed you to customize and personalize your handset.

The mobile phone industry has spent the later part of the past decade reducing its monthly charge F ______ , which has culminated in the fight between the iPhone and a succession of touch screen rivals.

1. trying to persuade people to do more with their phones than just call and text

2. that there would be more phones in the UK than there are people

3. and relying instead on actual call charges

4. that mobile phones would have over the next quarter century

5. the leap from phones as technology to phones as fashion items

6. and his son was making the first-ever mobile phone call in the UK

7. the move to digital technology, connecting machines to wireless networks

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
6	4	2	1	5	3

Task 7

London Zoo

 London Zoo is one of the most important zoos in the world. There are over 12,000 animals at London Zoo and A ______ ! Its main concern is to breed threatened animals in captivity. This means we might be able to restock the wild, should disaster ever befall the wild population.

Partula Snail, Red Crowned Crane, Arabian Oryx, Golden Lion Tamarin, Persian Leopard, Asiatic Lion and Sumatran Tiger are just some of the species London Zoo is helping to save.

That is why it is so important that we fight to preserve the habitats that these animals live in, as well as eliminate other dangers В ______ . But we aim to make your day at London Zoo a fun and memorable time, С ______ .

In the Ambika Paul Children’s Zoo, for instance, youngsters can learn a new love and appreciation for animals D ______ . They can also learn how to care for favourite pets in the Pet Care Centre.

Then there are numerous special Highlight events E ______ unforgettable pony rides to feeding times and spectacular animal displays. You will get to meet keepers and ask them what you are interested in about the animals they care for, F ______ .

Whatever you decide, you will have a great day. We have left no stone unturned to make sure you do!

1. such as hunting exotic animals and selling furs

2. as well as the ins and outs of being a keeper at London Zoo

3. which take place every day, from

4. because they see and touch them close up 

5. despite the serious side to our work

6. which demand much time and effort

7. that is not counting every ant in the colony

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
7	1	5	4	3	2

Task 8

‘Second Stonehenge’ discovered near original

 Archaeologists have discovered evidence of what they believe was a second Stonehenge located a little more than a mile away from the world-famous prehistoric monument.

The new find on the west bank of the river Avon has been called «Bluestonehenge», after the colour of the 25 Welsh stones of A______.

Excavations at the site have suggested there was once a stone circle 10 metres in diameter and surrounded by a henge — a ditch with an external bank, according to the project director, Professor Mike Parker Pearson, of the University of Sheffield.

The stones at the site were removed thousands of years ago but the sizes of the holes in B ______ indicate that this was a circle of bluestones, brought from the Preseli mountains of Wales, 150 miles away.

The standing stones marked the end of the avenue C _____, a 1¾-mile long processional route constructed at the end of the Stone Age. The outer henge around the stones was built about 2400BC but arrowheads found in the stone circle indicate the stones were put up as much as 500 years earlier.

Parker Pearson said his team was waiting for results of radiocarbon dating D _____ whether stones currently in the inner circle of Stonehenge were originally located at the other riverside construction.

Pearson said: «The big, big question is when these stones were erected and when they were removed — and when we get the dating evidence we can answer both those questions.»

He added: «We speculated in the past E ______ at the end of the avenue near the river. But we were completely unprepared to discover that there was an entire stone circle. Another team member, Professor Julian Thomas, said the discovery indicated F______was central to the religious lives of the people who built Stonehenge. «Old theories about Stonehenge that do not explain the evident significance of the river will have to be rethought,» he said. Dr Josh Pollard, project co-director from the University of Bristol, described the discovery as «incredible».

1. which could reveal

2. which they stood

3. which it was once made up

4. that this stretch of the river Avon

5. that there might have been something

6. that it should be considered as integral part

7. that leads from the river Avon to Stonehenge

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	2	7	1	5	4

Task 9

Australia

 Australia was the last great landmass to be discovered by the Europeans. The continent they eventually discovered had already been inhabited for tens of thousands of years.

Australia is an island continent A _____ is the result of gradual changes wrought over millions of years.

B ____, Australia is one of the most stable land masses, and for about 100 million years has been free of the forces that have given rise to huge mountain ranges elsewhere.

From the east coast a narrow, fertile strip merges into the greatly eroded Great Dividing Range, C ____.

The mountains are merely reminders of the mighty range, D ____. Only in the section straddling the New South Wales border with Victoria and in Tasmania, are they high enough to have winter snow.

West of the range of the country becomes increasingly flat and dry. The endless flatness is broken only by salt lakes, occasional mysterious protuberances and some mountains E ____. In places the scant vegetation is sufficient to allow some grazing. However, much of the Australian outback is a barren land of harsh stone deserts and dry lakes.

The extreme north of Australia, the Top End, is a tropical area within the monsoon belt. F ____, it comes in more or less one short, sharp burst. This has prevented the Top End from becoming seriously productive area.

1. that once stood here

2. that is almost continent long

3. whose property is situated to the north of Tasmania

4. whose landscape — much of bleak and inhospitable

5. whose beauty reminds of the MacDonald Ranges

6. Although its annual rainfall looks adequate on paper

7. Although there is still seismic activity in the eastern highland area

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
4	7	2	1	5	6

Task 10

Scotland Yard

 Scotland Yard is the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police in London. To most people, its name immediately brings to mind the picture of a detective — cool, efficient, ready to track down any criminal, or a helmeted police constable — A____ and trusty helper of every traveller from overseas.

Scotland Yard is situated on the Thames Embankment close to the Houses of Parliament and the familiar clock tower of Big Ben, and its jurisdiction extends over 740 square miles with the exception of the ancient City of London, B____.

One of the most successful developments in Scotland Yard’s crime detection and emergency service has been the “999 system”. On receipt of a call the 999 Room operator ascertains by electronic device the position of the nearest available police car, C ____. Almost instantly a message is also sent by teleprinter to the police station concerned so that within seconds of a call for assistance being received, a police car is on its way to the scene. An old-established section of the Metropolitan police is the Mounted Branch, with its strength of about 200 horses stabled at strategic points. These horses are particularly suited to ceremonial occasions, D ____.

An interesting branch of Scotland Yard is the branch of Police Dogs, first used as an experiment in 1939. Now these dogs are an important part of the Force. One dog, for example, can search a warehouse in ten minutes, E ____.

There is also the River Police, or Thames Division, which deals with all crimes occurring within its river boundaries.

There are two other departments of Scotland Yard – the Witness Room (known as the Rogues’ Gallery) where a photographic record of known and suspected criminals is kept, and the Museum, F ____.

1. which is contacted by radio

2. that familiar figure of the London scene

3. for they are accustomed to military bands

4. which possesses its own separate police force

5. which contains murder relics and forgery exhibits

6. that this policeman will bring the criminal to justice

7. whereas the same search would take six men an hour

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	4	1	3	7	5

Task 11

Harry Potter course for university students 

Students of Durham University are being given the chance to sign up to what is thought to be the UK’s first course focusing on the world of Harry Potter. Although every English-speaking person in the world knows about Harry Potter books and films, few have thought of using them as a guide to … modern life.

The Durham University module uses the works of JK Rowling A ______ modern society. “Harry Potter and the Age of Illusion” will be available for study next year. So far about 80 undergraduates have signed В ______ a BA degree in Education Studies. Future educationalists will analyse JK Rowling’s fanfiction from various points of view.

A university spokesman said: “This module places the Harry Potter novels in a wider social and cultural context.” He added that a number of themes would be explored, С ______ the classroom, bullying, friendship and solidarity and the ideals of and good citizenship.

The module was created by the head of the Department of Education at Durham University. He said the idea for the new module had appeared in response D ______ body: “It seeks to place the series in its wider social and cultural context and will explore some fundamental issues E ______ . You just need to read the academic writing which started F ______ that Harry Potter is worthy of serious study.”

1. up for the optional module, part of

2. to emerge four or five years ago to see

3. to examine prejudice, citizenship and bullying in

4. such as the response of the writer

5. including the world of rituals, prejudice and intolerance in

6. to growing demand from the student

7. such as the moral universe of the school

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	1	5	6	7	2

Task 12

Laughing and evolution

 The first hoots of laughter from an ancient ancestor of humans could be heard at least 10 million years ago, according to the results of a new study. Researchers used recordings of apes and babies being tickled A ______ to the last common ancestor that humans shared with the modern great apes, which include chimpanzees, gorillas and orangutans.

The finding challenges the opinion В ______ , suggesting instead that it emerged long before humans split from the evolutionary path that led to our primate cousins, between 10m and 16m years ago.

“In humans, laughing can be the strongest way of expressing how much we are enjoying ourselves, but it can also be used in other contexts, like making fun of someone,” said Marina Davila Ross, a psychologist at Portsmouth University. “I was interested in С ______ .”

Davila Ross travelled to seven zoos around Europe and visited a wildlife reserve in Sabah, Borneo, to record baby and juvenile apes D ______ . Great apes are known to make noises that are similar to laughter when they are excited and while they are playing with each other.

Davila Ross collected recordings of laughter from 21 chimps, gorillas, orangutans and bonobos and added recordings of three babies that were tickled to make them laugh.

To analyze the recordings, the team put them into a computer program. “Our evolutionary tree based on these acoustic recordings alone showed E ______ , but furthest from orangutans, with gorillas somewhere in the middle.” said Davila Ross. “What this shows is strong evidence to suggest F ______ .”

1. whether laughing emerged earlier on than humans did

2. to create the evolutionary tree linking humans and apes

3. that laughter is a uniquely human trait

4. that humans were closest to chimps and bonobos

5. that laughing comes from a common primate ancestor

6. while their caretakers tickled them

7. to trace the origin of laughter back

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
7	3	1	6	4	5

Task 13

Nenets culture affected by global warming

 For 1,000 years the indigenous Nenets people have migrated along the 450-mile- long Yamal peninsula in northern Russia. In summer they wander northwards, taking their reindeer with them. In winter they return southwards.

But this remote region of north-west Siberia is now being affected by global warming. Traditionally the Nenets travel across the frozen River Ob in November A ___ around Nadym. These days, though, this annual winter migration is delayed. Last year the Nenets, together with many thousands of reindeer, had to wait until late December В ____ .

“Our reindeer were hungry. There wasn’t enough food,” Jakov Japtik, a Nenets reindeer herder, said. “The snow is melting sooner, quicker and faster than before. In spring it’s difficult for the reindeer to pull the sledges. They get tired,” Japtik said.

Herders say that the peninsula’s weather is increasingly unpredictable — with unseasonal snowstorms  С ___, and milder longer autumns. In winter, temperatures used to go down to -50°C. Now they are normally around -30°C, according to Japtik. “Obviously we prefer -30°C. But the changes aren’t good for the reindeer D ___,” he said, setting off on his sledge to round up his reindeer herd.

Even here, in one of the most remote parts of the planet, E __ . Last year the Nenets arrived at a regular summer camping spot and discovered that half of their lake had disappeared. The water had drained away after a landslide. The Nenets report other curious changes — there are fewer mosquitoes and a strange increase in flies. Scientists say there is unmistakable evidence F ___ .

1. when the ice was finally thick enough to cross

2. that the impact on Russia would be disastrous

3. the environment is under pressure

4. and in the end what is good for the reindeer is good for us

5. and set up their camps in the southern forests

6. that Yamal’s ancient permafrost is melting

7. when the reindeer give birth in May

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
5	1	7	4	3	6

Task 14

Duration of life and its social implications

The world’s population is about to reach a landmark of huge social and economic importance, when the proportion of the global population over 65 outnumbers children under 5 for the first time. A new report by the US census bureau shows A____ , with enormous consequences for both rich and poor nations.

The rate of growth will shoot up in the next couple of years. The В ___ a combination of the high birth rates after the Second World War and more recent improvements in health that are bringing down death rates at older ages. Separate UN forecasts predict that the global population will be more than nine billion by 2050.

The US census bureau was the first to sound the С ___ . Its latest forecasts warn governments and international bodies that this change in population structure will bring widespread challenges at every level of human organization, starting with the structure of the family, which will be transformed as people live longer. This will in turn place new burdens on careers and social services providers, D ___ for health services and pensions systems.

“People are living longer and, in some parts of the world, healthier lives,” the authors conclude. “This represents one of the greatest achievements of the last century but also a significant challenge E ___ population.”

Ageing will put pressure on societies at all levels. One way of measuring that is to look at the older dependency ratio, F ___ that must be supported by them. The ODR is the number of people aged 65 and over for every 100 people aged 20 to 64. It varies widely, from just six in Kenya to 33 in Italy and Japan. The UK has an ODR of 26, and the US has 21.

1. which recently replaced Italy as the world’s oldest major country

2. alarm about these changes

3. a huge shift towards an ageing population

4. change is due to

5. while patterns of work and retirement will have huge implications

6. which shows the balance between working-age people and the older

7. as proportions of older people increase in most countries

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	4	2	5	7	6

Task 15

Elephants sense ‘danger’ clothes

 St Andrews University researchers discovered that elephants could recognise the degree of danger posed by various groups of individuals. The study found that African elephants always reacted with fear A ______ previously worn by men of the Maasai tribe. They are known to demonstrate their courage by В ______ .

The elephants also responded aggressively to red clothing, which defines traditional Maasai dress.

However, the elephants showed a much milder reaction to clothing previously worn by the Kamba people, С ______ and pose little threat.

The researchers first presented elephants with clean, red clothing and with red clothing that had been worn for five days by D ______ .

They revealed that Maasai-smelt clothing motivated elephants to travel significantly faster in the first minute after they moved away.

They then investigated whether elephants could also use the colour of clothing as a cue to classify a potential threat and found the elephants reacted with aggression E ______ . This suggested that they associated the colour red with the Maasai.

The researchers believe the distinction in the elephants’ emotional reaction to smell and colour might be explained by F ______ . They might be able to distinguish among different human groups according to the level of risk they posed.

«We regard this experiment as just a start to investigating precisely how elephants ‘see the world’, and it may be that their abilities will turn out to equal or exceed those of our closer relatives, the monkeys and apes,» researchers added.

1. either a Maasai or a Kamba man

2. who do not hunt elephants

3. when they detected the smell of clothes

4. who carried out the research

5. the amount of risk they sense

6. spearing elephants

7. when they spotted red but not white cloth

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	6	2	1	7	5

Task 16

Culture and customs

 In less than twenty years, the mobile telephone has gone from being rare, expensive equipment of the business elite to a pervasive, low-cost personal item. In many countries, mobile telephones A ___ ; in the U.S., 50 per cent of children have mobile telephones. In many young adults’ households it has supplanted the land-line telephone. The mobile phone is В ___ , such as North Korea.

Paul Levinson in his 2004 book Cellphone argues that by looking back through history we can find many precursors to the idea of people simultaneously walking and talking on a mobile phone. Mobile phones are the next extension in portable media, that now can be С ___ into one device. Levinson highlights that as the only mammal to use only two out of our four limbs to walk, we are left two hands free D ___ — like talking on a mobile phone.

Levinson writes that “Intelligence and inventiveness, applied to our need to communicate regardless of where we may be, led logically and eventually to telephones that we E ___ .”

Given the high levels of societal mobile telephone service penetration, it is a key means for people F ___ . The SMS feature spawned the «texting» sub-culture. In December 1993, the first person-to-person SMS text message was transmitted in Finland. Currently, texting is the most widely-used data service; 1.8 billion users generated $80 billion of revenue in 2006.

1. to perform other actions

2. outnumber traditional telephones

3. to communicate with each other 

4. combined with the Internet

5. to serve basic needs

6. banned in some countries

7. carry in our pockets

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	6	4	1	7	5

Task 17

My Stage

 My family moved to Rockaway, New Jersey in the summer of 1978. It was there that my dreams of stardom began.

I was nine years old. Heather Lambrix lived next door, and she and I became best friends. I thought she was so lucky A ___ . She took tap and jazz and got to wear cool costumes with bright sequences and makeup and perform on stage. I went to all of her recitals and В ___ .

My living room and sometimes the garage were my stage. I belonged to a cast of four, which consisted of Heather, my two younger sisters, Lisa and Faith, and I. Since I was the oldest and the bossiest, I was the director. Heather came with her own costumes С ___ . We choreographed most of our dance numbers as we went along. Poor Faith … we would throw her around D ___ . She was only about four or five … and so agile. We danced around in our bathing suits to audiocassettes and records from all the Broadway musicals. We’d put a small piece of plywood on the living room carpet, E ___ . And I would imitate her in my sneakers on the linoleum in the hall. I was a dancer in the making.

My dad eventually converted a part of our basement into a small theater. He hung two “spotlights” and a sheet for a curtain. We performed dance numbers to tunes like “One” and “The Music and the Mirror” from A Chorus Line. I sang all the songs from Annie. I loved to sing, F ___. I just loved to sing. So I belted out songs like “Tomorrow”, “Maybe” and “What I Did For Love.” I knew then, this is what I wanted to do with my life.

1. like she was a rag doll

2. whether I was good at it or not

3. wished I, too, could be on stage

4. and I designed the rest

5. and I was star struck

6. so Heather could do her tap routine

7. because she got to go to dance lessons

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
7	3	4	1	6	2

Task 18

Cat’s punctuality

 Sergeant Podge, a Norwegian Forest Cat, disappears from his owner’s home in a small town in Kent, every night. But what baffles his owner, Liz Bullard, mostly is the fact that the next morning, the 12-year-old cat always pops up in exactly the same place, A ___ . And every morning Ms. Bullard takes her son to school before collecting Sergeant Podge.

She said that the routine had set in earlier this year, when Sergeant Podge disappeared one day. Ms. Bullard spent hours telephoning her neighbours В ___ .

An elderly woman living about one and a half miles away called back to inform Ms. Bullard that she had found a cat matching Sergeant Podge’s description. Ms. Bullard picked him up but within days he vanished from sight again. She rang the elderly woman С ___ .

She said a routine has now become established, where each morning she takes her son to school before driving to collect Sergeant Podge D ___ .

It is thought Sergeant Podge walks across a golf course every night to reach his destination.

Ms. Bullard said: “If it’s raining he may be in the bush but he comes running if I clap my hands.” All she has to do is open the car passenger door from the inside for Sergeant Podge to jump in.

Ms. Bullard also makes the trip at weekends and during school holidays — E ___ .

She does not know why, after 12 years, Sergeant Podge has begun the routine but explained that another woman who lived nearby used to feed him sardines, and that he may be F ___ .

His owner doesn’t mind his wandering off at night as long as she knows where to collect him.

1. on the look-out for more treats

2. from the pavement between 0800 and 0815 GMT

3. to discover Sergeant Podge was back outside her home

4. on a pavement about one and a half miles (2.4km) away

5. to identify if anyone had bumped into him

6. when her son is having a lie-in

7. collected by car every morning

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
4	5	3	2	6	1

Task 19

Do you speak English?

When I arrived in England I thought I knew English. After I’d been here an hour I realized that I did not understand one word. In the first week I picked up a tolerable working knowledge of the language and the next seven years convinced me gradually but thoroughly that I A ______ , let alone perfectly. This is sad. My only consolation being that nobody speaks English perfectly.

Remember that those five hundred words an average Englishman uses are B ______ . You may learn another five hundred and another five thousand and yet another fifty thousand and still you may come across a further fifty thousand C ______ .

If you live here long enough you will find out to your greatest amazement that the adjective nice is not the only adjective the language possesses, in spite of the fact that D ______ . You can say that the weather is nice, a restaurant is nice, Mr. Soandso is nice, Mrs. Soandso’s clothes are nice, you had a nice time, E ______ .

Then you have to decide on your accent. The easiest way to give the impression of having a good accent or no foreign accent at all is to hold an unlit pipe in your mouth, to mutter between your teeth and finish all your sentences with the question: “isn’t it?” People will not understand much, but they are accustomed to that and they will get a F ______ .

1. whatever it costs

2. most excellent impression

3. you have never heard of before, and nobody else either

4. in the first three years you do not need to learn or use any other adjectives

5. would never know it really well

6. far from being the whole vocabulary of the language

7. and all this

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
5	6	3	4	7	2

Task 20

Before the Hubble Space Telescope was launched, scientists thought they knew the universe. They were wrong.

The Hubble Space Telescope has changed many scientists’ view of the universe. The telescope is named after American astronomer Edwin Hubble, A ______ .

He established that many galaxies exist and developed the first system for their classifications.

In many ways, Hubble is like any other telescope. It simply gathers light. It is roughly the size of a large school bus. What makes Hubble special is not what it is, B ______ .

Hubble was launched in 1990 from the “Discovery” space shuttle and it is about 350 miles above our planet, C ______ .

It is far from the glare of city lights, it doesn’t have to look through the air, D ______ .

And what a view it is! Hubble is so powerful it could spot a fly on the moon. Yet in an average orbit, it uses the same amount of energy as 28100-watt light bulbs. Hubble pictures require no film. The telescope takes digital images E ______ .

Hubble has snapped photos of storms on Saturn and exploding stars. Hubble doesn’t just focus on our solar system. It also peers into our galaxy and beyond. Many Hubble photos show the stars that make up the Milky Way galaxy. A galaxy is a city of stars.

Hubble cannot take pictures of the sun or other very bright objects, because doing so could “fry” the telescope’s instruments, but it can detect infrared and ultra violet light F ______ .

Some of the sights of our solar system that Hubble has glimpsed may even change the number of planets in it.

1. which is above Earth’s atmosphere.

2. which are transmitted to scientists on Earth.

3. which is invisible to the human eye.

4. who calculated the speed at which galaxies move.

5. so it has a clear view of space.

6. because many stars are in clouds of gas.

7. but where it is.

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
4	7	1	5	2	3

Task 21

The science of sound, or acoustics, as it is often called, has been made over radically within a comparatively short space of time. Not so long ago the lectures on sound in colleges and high schools dealt chiefly with the vibrations of such things as the air columns in organ pipes. Nowadays, however, thanks chiefly to a number of electronic instruments engineers can study sounds as effectively A ____ . The result has been a new approach to research in sound. Scientists have been able to make far-reaching discoveries in many fields of acoustics B _____ .

Foremost among the instruments that have revolutionized the study of acoustics are electronic sound-level meters also known as sound meters and sound-intensity meters. These are effective devices that first convert sound waves into weak electric signals, then amplify the signals through electronic means C ______ . The intensity of a sound is measured in units called decibels. “Zero” sound is the faintest sound D ______ . The decibel measures the ratio of the intensity of a given sound to the standard “zero” sound. The decibel scale ranges from 0 to 130. An intensity of 130 decibels is perceived not only as a sound, but also E ______ . The normal range of painlessly audible sounds for the average human ear is about 120 decibels. For forms of life other than ourselves, the range can be quite different.

The ordinary sound meter measures the intensity of a given sound, rather than its actual loudness. Under most conditions, however, it is a quite good indicator of loudness. Probably the loudest known noise ever heard by human ears was that of the explosive eruption in August, 1883, of the volcano of Krakatoa in the East Indies. No electronic sound meters, of course, were in existence then, but physicists estimate that the sound at its source must have had an intensity of 190 decibels, F ______ .

1. and finally measure them.

2. since it was heard 3,000 miles away.

3. and they have been able to put many of these discoveries to practical use.

4. that loud sound is of high intensity.

5. as they study mechanical forces.

6. as a painful sensation in the ear.

7. that the unaided human ear can detect.

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
5	3	1	7	6	2

Task 22

Chocolate 

Chocolate is made from a number of raw and processed foods produced from the seeds of tropical cacao trees. Cacao has been cultivated in A ______ at least 3000 years. For most of this time it was made into a drink called, in translation — “bitter water”. This is because В ______ to be fermented to develop a palatable flavour. After fermentation the beans are dried and roasted and the shell is removed to produce cacao nibs. These are then ground and liquefied into chocolate liquor. The liquor is then processed into cocoa solids or cocoa butter. Pure chocolate contains primarily cocoa solids and butter in different proportions. Much of С ______ with added sugar. Milk chocolate is sweetened chocolate that additionally contains either milk powder or condensed milk. White chocolate on the other D ______ is therefore not a true chocolate. Chocolate contains theobromine and phenethylamine which have physiological effects on the body. It is similar to serotonin levels in the brain. Scientists claim E ______ , can lower blood pressure. Recently, dark chocolate has also been promoted for its health benefits. But pet owners should remember that the presence of theobromine makes it toxic to cats and dogs. Chocolate is now one F______ , although 16 of the top 20 chocolate consuming countries are in Europe. Also interesting is that 66% of world chocolate is consumed between meals.

1. the chocolate consumed today is made

2. that chocolate, eaten in moderation

3. central and southern America for

4. of the world’s most popular flavours

5. hand contains no cocoa solids and

6. cacao seeds are intensely bitter and have

7. many countries worldwide at

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	6	1	5	2	4

Task 23

Reality TV

 Reality TV seems to dominate broadcasting these days. But what is it, how did it emerge and why on earth is it so popular? The first question is easily answered. Reality TV A ______ presents unscripted, dramatic or humorous situations or events. It can involve celebrities В ______ of the public. Reality TV has been gradually growing in importance for over 60 years. “Candid Camera” — the show that filmed ordinary people reacting to set ups and pranks — started in 1948. Some people, however, believe it was the Japanese with their awful shows in the 1980s and 90s that brought reality TV to centre stage. Others believe С ______ that is called “Big Brother” was the show that spawned the reality TV age. But why are the shows so popular? Different theories come to life. Some believe that it is D ______ we like to watch horrible behaviour: the same instinct that once inspired the ancient Romans to go and watch gladiators destroy each other at the Coliseum. Others suggest a kind of voyeurism is involved there — an unhealthy curiosity to spy on other people’s lives.

Whatever the real reason — the trend seems to have already peaked. A lot of such shows E ______ or are expected to go in the near future. And the replacement seems to be talents shows — watching competitions in dance, singing and general entertainment. Does it mean that people are changing? It is too early to say. Most agree that these F ______ .

1. due to basic human instinct that

2. is still early to judge

3. are simply the cycles of fashion

4. but more usually the stars are members

5. that the television phenomenon

6. is a type of programme that

7. seem to have disappeared

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
6	4	5	1	7	3

Task 24

Mikhail Lomonosov and Moscow State University

 Mikhail Lomonosov was one of the intellectual titans of XVIII century. His interests ranged from history, rhetoric, art and poetry A ______ . Alexander Pushkin described him as В ______ , whose lifelong passion was learning.

Lomonosov’s activity is a manifestation of the enormous potential of the Russian scientific community. Peter I reformed Russia, which allowed the country to reach the standard of С ______ many spheres. Great importance was placed on education. St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, founded by Peter I, established a university and a grammar school to educate intellectuals and researchers the country needed; however, these educational establishments could not fulfill the task they took on. It was Michail Lomonosov D ______ of establishing a university in Moscow. An influential courtier and the E ______ Count Shuvalov supported Lomonosov’s plans for a new university and presented them to the Empress.

In 1755, on 25 January-St. Tatiana’s Day according to the Russian Orthodox Church calendar — Elizaveta signed the decree that a university should be founded in Moscow. The opening ceremony took place on 26 April, when Elizaveta’s coronation day was celebrated. Since 1755 25 January and 26 April F ______ Moscow University; the annual conference where students present the results of their research work is traditionally held in April.

1. who suggested in his letter to Count Shuvalov the idea

2. to mechanics, chemistry and mineralogy

3. a person of formidable willpower and keen scientific mind

4. favourite of Empress Elizaveta Petrovna, the patron of arts and science

5. the contemporary European powers in

6. are marked by special events and festivities at

7. famous among all educated people

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	3	5	1	4	6

Task 25

Window Shopping

 The day would be spent with my best friends Kath and Kate. We are actually three Catherines (by birth spelt with a C), A______ we are all K’s: Kat (that’s me), Kath and Kate — the 3K Window Shopping gang!

Window shopping is simply wonderful. You can look at any outfit. You can try on В ______ not a single item on sale for which the price is a problem. You will try something on, ponder, pout, twirl, think hard, check yourself in the mirror one last time and finally reflect С ______ right for you! The highlight of this regular adventure however, is generally the 3K chocolate and ice cream break in the Shopping Centre’s top floor cafii Of course we do not believe that we are wasting anyone’s time. We do D ______ as well, but a reliable equation for us is — 3Ks + shopping mall = a good time.

But E ______ out to be especially memorable. One of the stores had a questionnaire lottery with the first prize being a voucher worth £200. We filled in the question forms while in the cafiiand returned to the store by their 2.00pm deadline. Kate won the first prize but we had decided in advance that if any of us won something, we would share equally: All for one К and one for all! At this point our morning of window shopping paid off. We completed F ______ slightly less than 10 minutes: three skirts, three hats and three belts and three very OK, K’s.

1. not like to spend our time

2. that it’s probably not quite

3. that particular day turned

4. our real shopping in

5. sometimes go shopping for real

6. anything you want and there is

7. but when we are together

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
7	6	2	5	3	4

Task 26

The Hotel

 “Have you stayed with us before sir?” asked the receptionist. His accent sounded middle-European; Czech possibly or Polish. Actually I hadn’t stayed at this particular hotel before A ______ to many others from the same chain that I had stayed at. “No — first time” I replied with unnecessary brevity. The thing is I always feel В ______ rather than treated as an individual. Every word that I was about to hear, I had heard before — delivered no doubt from the depths of a tourism and hospitality course. “Welcome to Newcastle sir. Is this your first visit to our city? Can I trouble you to complete this form? Actually the first two lines and the signature at the bottom will do. Would you like С ______ , Sir? This will automatically unlock room facilities like mini-bar and telephone and any other extras you may require. Can I see your passport sir?” The questions and information D ______ responses were actually required and I handed over my passport, credit card and partly filled out form. I was tempted to write under name and address “Donald Duck, Duck Towers, Disney Street” — E ______ ever read the form again. But being a creature of habit I wrote my real name and address. While my card was being processed I looked across the reception area through the wall height windows to the beautiful River Tyne. A wave of nostalgia came over me. It was good to be back. I found myself thinking about her again and wondering F ______ a voice broke in: “It’s a plastic key card sir. You also need it to activate the lift and when you get to your room, plug it into the switch on the left as you open the door. It will automatically supply electricity to the room. Any help with your baggage? No? Then enjoy your stay”. The accomplished young Pole smiled as he delivered the final command and duly processed, I proceeded to the card activated lift.

1. me to take a print of your credit card

2. points poured out smoothly, no verbal

3. if I would even see her when

4. although it seemed virtually identical

5. so sure was I that nobody would

6. me to help you with your luggage

7. as if I am being processed like a product

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
4	7	1	2	5	3

5

Task 27

Lindsay Wildlife Museum

 Lindsay Wildlife Museum is a unique natural history and environmental education centre where visitors can listen to the cry of a red-tailed hawk, go eye-to-eye with a grey fox and watch a bald eagle eat lunch. More than fifty species of native California animals are on exhibit here.

 Thousands of school children learn about the natural environment in their classrooms A ____ of the museum. Nature- and science- oriented classes and trips are offered for adults and children. More than 600 volunteers help to feed and care for wild animals, В _____. Volunteers are active in the museum’s work, contributing С ____.

 The museum was founded by a local businessman, Alexander Lindsay. Sandy, as friends knew him, started teaching neighborhood children about nature in the early 1950s. Initially housed in an elementary school, the museum began offering school-aged children summer classes, D ____.

 After nearly a decade of the museum operation, it became apparent E ____. With a new 5,000 square-foot home, the museum could now develop and display a permanent collection of live, native wildlife and natural history objects. People came to the museum for help with wild animals F ___ urban growth. In response, a formal wildlife rehabilitation programme — the first of its kind in the United States of America — began in 1970.

1. that a permanent, year-round site was necessary

2. as well as field trips focused on the natural world

3. many hours of service to wildlife care and fundraising

4. that had been injured or orphaned because of intense

5. that needed public attention and a new building

6. as well as teach children and adults about nature

7. through education programmes and on-site tours

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
7	6	3	2	1	4

Task 28

America’s fun place on America’s main street

 If any city were considered a part of every citizen in the United States, it would be Washington, DC. To many, the Old Post Office Pavilion serves A ____. If you are in the area, be a part of it all by visiting us — or В ____. Doing so will keep you aware of the latest musical events, great happenings and international dining, to say the least.

Originally built in 1899, the Old Post Office Pavilion embodied the modern spirit С ____. Today, our architecture and spirit of innovation continues to evolve and thrive. And, thanks to forward-thinking people, you can now stroll through the Old Post Office Pavilion and experience both D ____ with international food, eclectic shopping and musical events. All designed to entertain lunch, mid-day and after work audiences all week long.

A highlight of the Old Post Office Pavilion is its 315-foot Clock Tower. Offering a breath-taking view of the city, National Park Service Rangers give free Clock Tower tours every day! Individuals and large tour groups are all welcome. The Old Post Office Clock Tower also proudly houses the official United States Bells of Congress, a gift from England E ____. The Washington Ringing Society sounds the Bells of Congress every Thursday evening and on special occasions.

Visit the Old Post Office Pavilion, right on Pennsylvania Avenue between the White House and the Capitol. It is a great opportunity F ____, this is a landmark not to be missed no matter your age.

1. that are offered to the visitors

2. its glamorous past and fun-filled present

3. as a landmark reminder of wonderful experiences

4. by joining our e-community

5. that was sweeping the country

6. celebrating the end of the Revolutionary War

7. to learn more about American history

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	4	5	2	6	7

Task 29

Number of teenagers with Saturday job drops

 The number of teenagers with Saturday jobs has dropped. Young people do not acquire any experience for their CVs — a crucial step towards getting full-time work. The proportion of teenagers combining part-time jobs with school or college has slumped from 40% in the 1990s to around 20% now, according to the UK Commission for Employment and Skills (UKCES), a government agency. Latest figures show that only A ____ in 1997.

The trend is not just recession-related, but the result of an increasing expectation В ____ well as a falling number of Saturday jobs, according to the report. Many of the jobs that young people do, such as bar work, are in long-term decline, and are forecast to decline further over the next decade.

«Recruiters place significant emphasis on experience С ____,» the report says. Word of mouth is the most common way to get a job, D _____ young people are unable to build up informal contacts, it adds.

Ms. Todd, a commissioner at the UKCES, said: «There’s more emphasis on doing well at school, young people are finding less time to do what they would have done a few years ago.» «I think it’s also the changing structure of the labour market. Retail is still a big employer, E ____. As a consequence, we need to think about how we get young people the work experience they need.»

A new initiative to send employees into state schools to talk about their careers was also launched recently. The scheme, Inspiring the Future, is meant to give state schoolchildren access to the kind of careers advice that private schools offer. The deputy prime minister said: «The power of making connections F ____ and can be life-changing.»

1. that it was researching the system of funding education after 16

2. 260,000 teenagers have a Saturday job compared with 435,000

3. but young people are leaving education increasingly less experienced

4. that inspire young people is immeasurable

5. but an increasing shortage of work experience means

6. that young people should stay on at school, as

7. but a lot more of it is being done online

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	6	3	5	7	4

Task 30

Lots of fun in Cardiff

 As you would expect of a capital city, Cardiff offers a huge choice of exciting sport and entertainment throughout the year.

Every March the city celebrates St. David, Wales’ patron saint, with parades and music. August sees the International Festival of Street Entertainment, with the heart of the city A ____. Family fun days in the parks and at the waterfront are part of this sensational summer scene. Brass and military bands are often to be seen on Cardiff s streets. Between May and October the world’s only seagoing paddle steamer cruises from Cardiff’s seaside resort.

In autumn the fun continues with Cardiff s Festival of the Arts В _____. Music is at the centre of the festival, with international stars С ____. Christmas in Cardiff is full of colour and festivities. The truly spectacular Christmas illuminations have earned Cardiff the title of «Christmas City». And there is entertainment for all the family, D ____.

There is always something happening in Cardiff. The BBC National Orchestra of Wales and Welsh National Opera can both be heard here. Cardiff previews many London «West End» shows E _____.

The city’s range of accommodation facilities is truly impressive, F ____. And with a city as compact as Cardiff there are places to stay in all price brackets.

1. from international names to family-run guest houses

2. joining some of Wales’ most talented musicians

3. having their summer holidays in Cardiff

4. that usually attract hundreds of theatre lovers

5. which features music, film, literature and graphics

6. from pantomimes to Christmas tree celebrations

7. beating with dance and theatrical performances

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
7	5	2	6	4	1

Task 31

Changing image

 For more than 200 years Madame Tussaud’s has been attracting tourists from all over the world and it remains just as popular as it ever was. There are many reasons for this enduring success, but at the heart of it all is good, old-fashioned curiosity.

Madame Tussaud’s original concept has entered a brand new era of interactive entertainment A _____. Today’s visitors are sent on a breathtaking journey in black cabs through hundreds of years of the past. They have a unique chance to see the great legends of history, В _____ of politics.

Much of the figure construction technique follows the traditional pattern, beginning whenever possible with the subject С _____ and personal characteristics. The surprising likeliness of the wax portraits also owes much to many stars D _____, either by providing their stage clothes, or simply giving useful advice.

The museum continues constantly to add figures E ____ popularity. The attraction also continues to expand globally with established international branches in New York, Hong Kong, Amsterdam and many other cities. And they all have the same rich mix of interaction, authenticity and local appeal.

The museum provides a stimulating and educational environment for schoolchildren. Its specialists are working together with practicing teachers and educational advisors to create different programmes of activities, F ____.

1. as well as resources on art, technology and drama

2. as well as the idols of popular music and the icons

3. who is sitting to determine exact measurements

4. ranging from special effects to fully animated figures

5. ranging from all kinds of souvenirs to sports equipment

6. that reflect contemporary public opinion and celebrity

7. who are eager to help in any possible way they can

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
4	2	3	7	6	1

Task 32

Saturday jobs: memories of weekend working

 Research has shown a sharp fall in the number of teenagers who do Saturday jobs. It seems such a shame — my Saturday job as a kitchen porter was something of a rite of passage. I’ll never forget long hours A _____, scouring grease off huge saucepans and griddles. Working atmosphere there helped me grow a thicker skin, develop quicker banter and, most importantly, taught me the value of hard work. It also resulted in a steady supply of cash, В ____. I’m not the only one who has strong memories of weekend work. DJ Trevor Nelson said everyone should be able to have a Saturday job: «It taught me a lot, С ____.»

The link between the type of Saturday job a celebrity performed and their later career is sometimes obvious. Dragon’s Den star and businessman Peter Jones, for example, showed early promise by starting his own business. «I passed my Lawn Tennis Association coaching exam, D ____,» he explains. «At the start I was coaching other kids, E ____, for which I could charge £25-30 an hour. While my friends on milk rounds were getting £35 a week, I was doing five hours on a Saturday and earning four times as much.»

Skier Chemmy Alcott got a job working for the Good Ski Guide, on the advertising side. «It became clear to me what my personal value to companies could be. It led directly to me finding my head sponsor … and it offered me an eight-year contract. That gave me the financial backing F ____.»

As part of its response to the Saturday job statistics, the UK Commission for Employment and Skills said a lack of early work opportunities makes it harder for young people to acquire experience for their СVs.

1. and things would be different if everyone was given the chance

2. which let me know he approved of me

3. and I persuaded my local club to let me use a court on Saturdays

4. which I needed to become a professional skier

5. which I would happily spend as I liked

6. that I spent in the kitchen of a busy country pub in East Sussex

7. but soon I got adults wanting to book lessons

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
6	5	1	3	7	4

Task 33

Orient Express

 In the early 1860s, trains were the preferred way to travel. They weren’t particularly comfortable, however, until American engineer George Mortimer Pullman decided to make trains more luxurious.

By the late 1860s, trains furnished not only sleeping cars, but kitchen and dining facilities, where A _____. This was innovative for the time, and was aimed to encourage people В _____. The first of these Pullman trains in England ran from London to Brighton and used electricity for illumination.

In 1881, another railway entrepreneur, George Nagelmacker, introduced the use of a restaurant car onboard, and the first Orient Express train service was begun. Running from Paris to Romania the route included Strasbourg, Vienna, Budapest and Bucharest.

Thanks to the 12 mile Simplon Tunnel, С _____, the Orient Express expanded, including a route to Istanbul, and the legendary romance of the Orient Express was in full swing.

Everyone in the social register, including royalty, chose to travel on the wheels of that luxury hotel D _____ in wealthy surroundings. Legends, stories, and intrigue surrounded those trips to exotic places, and those famous people E _____.

Unfortunately, during World War II this luxury travel was closed for the most part, and later, after the war, F ____ to start it again. Within the next few years airplane travel became popular, and train passenger service declined.

1. elegant meals were served to passengers

2. to use trains for long distance travel and vacations

3. who rode the train

4. who wrote about it

5. which connected Switzerland and Italy

6. that served dishes and wines

7. there was no money

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
1	2	5	6	3	7

Task 34

Arizona’s world class cruise

 Spectacular Canyon Lake is situated in the heart of the Superstition Mountains in Arizona, giving home to the Dolly Steamboat. The Dolly Steamboat, A ____, now cruises the secluded inner waterways of this beautiful lake. It is worth exploring this favourite destination of President Theodore Roosevelt who declared, «The Apache Trail and surrounding area combines the grandeur of the Alps, the glory of the Rockies, the magnificence of the Grand Canyon and then adds something В ____.» You will marvel as you travel up to the national forest, which provides the most inspiring and beautiful panorama С ____. Every trip brings new discoveries of rock formations, geological history, and the flora and fauna distinct to the deserts of Arizona.

Once aboard the Dolly Steamboat, you may view the majestic desert big horn sheep, bald eagles and a host bird of other wildlife, water fowl, D ____. Experience the unique sound harmony that is created by the waters of Canyon Lake. Stretch out and relax at one of the tables or stand next to the railings on the deck. There is plenty of leg room on the Dolly. You will get a unique chance to listen to the captain E ____.

All the passengers are treated with outstanding service and personal attention to every need. Feel free to ask questions, move about and mingle with the crew. So enjoy an unforgettable vacation cruise and see F ____ ,like a ride on Arizona’s Dolly Steamboat.

1. that nature has ever created in the wild

2. that none of the others have

3. hovering over the magnificent lake

4. who retells the legends of the mysterious past

5. for yourself why there is nothing quite

6. who pays much attention to children’s safety

7. continuing a tradition of cruising since 1925

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
7	2	1	3	4	5

Task 35

US Congress

 The Congress of the United States of America is an important part of the US federal government.

It is an assembly of elected representatives A ____ but not to select the chief executive of the nation; that individual is elected by the people.

Congress is not a single organization; it is a vast and complex collection of organizations B ____ and through which members of Congress form alliances.

C ____, in which political parties are the only important kind of organization, parties are only one of many important units in Congress.

In fact other organizations have grown in number D ____.

The Democrats and Republicans in the House and the Senate are organized by party leaders, E ____ within the House and Senate. The party structure is essentially the same in the House as in the Senate, though the titles of various posts are different.

But leadership carries more power in the House than in the Senate because of the House rules. F _____, the House must restrict debate and schedule its business with great care; thus leaders who do the scheduling and who determine how the rules shall be applied usually have substantial influence.

1. as party influence has declined

2. against the spirit of the Constitution

3. being so large (435 members)

4. empowered to make laws

5. unlike the British Parliament

6. by which the business of Congress is carried on

7. who in turn are elected by the full party membership

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
4	6	5	1	7	3

Task 36

The Trailblazers

 In the early 1800s, the area that would become the western United States was completely undeveloped.

Explorers, hunters, traders, and settlers had to blaze their own trails. A____ to move possessions and supplies became common place.

Manifest Destiny was the belief that Americans had a God-given right to take over the continent. As they moved west, settlers used this policy B_____ to new people and territories.

Trails increased trade opportunities between western and eastern regions, and the U.S. economy prospered C_____ on each other for goods.

To achieve Manifest Destiny, the United States purchased land from other countries or conquered territory D_____ until its borders stretched from coast to coast.

More than one-half million people chose to travel West on trails between 1800 and 1870, E_____.

As new technology spread across the West, however, the use of trails came to an end. The railroads built thousands of miles of tracks, and, F ____, a cheap, relatively safe, and quick way to transport people and supplies to western areas existed.

1. to spread U.S. ideas and government

2. for the first time in history

3. thus replacing them forever

4. as territories became interdependent

5. the use of covered wagons

6. by taking land from Native peoples

7. forming the largest mass migration in history

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
5	1	4	6	7	2

Task 37

A Young Mayor

 This is a very unusual case, but as you will see, unusual doesn’t mean impossible.

An 18-year-old school girl has become the youngest mayor of a British town in history. Amanda Bracebridge, A_____, won leadership of Clun village council in a dramatic election last night. The tiny village only has 122 voters and Amanda won the election by just two votes from the only other candidate, 69-year-old Fred Gardner of the Conservative party. Amanda, B _____, was an independent candidate. She was surprised by her success, C _____. “My election promise was to make sure D _____,” she told us. She was referring to the plans from a large company to buy up farmland and build flats there. “We live in one of the most beautiful villages in Shropshire and I want to make sure it stays that way.”

Amanda, who is in her last year at nearby Bishop’s Castle High School, E _____ and her exams which she takes in two months. “It’s going to be a pretty busy few months,” she said. “But when the exams are over I will be able to concentrate completely on helping my village”.

Amanda had plans to go to university but is now going to start a year later F _____. “I’ve talked to Leeds University and they say my place will wait for me”. And what is she going to study? Politics? “No, actually, I am going to do sociology and economics”.

1. who is not a member of any political party

2. that our village would be protected from outside interests

3. but it was not a total shock to her

4. being a politics student at the university

5. so she can do her job as mayor properly

6. who is only just old enough to vote herself

7. will have to find time for her work as mayor

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
6	1	3	2	7	5

Task 38

Is there enough to say?

 They only appeared about ten years ago but already they are everywhere, everyone’s got one. They are the wonder of the modern age — mobile phones, or cell phones, A ____. Apparently, mobile phones are now used by about 2.5 billion people worldwide, and about one billion new mobile phones are sold every year worldwide. Go back to 1997, and only 100 million were sold. As we can see, the mobile phone business B_____.

And the developments keep on coming. Once we could only make phone calls; now mobile phones C_____ and do many other useful things. Once we had to hold our mobile phones in our hand; now we can use throat microphones. What next? We are told that soon, tiny microphones will be implanted into our lips. We’ll be able to dial numbers just by saying them.

But surely we need to ask ourselves: What’s good about this? OK, we can talk to other people almost all the time now — but is that so great? Watch and listen to people when a plane has landed. Anxious D _____, dial a number, and then: “It’s me, I’m here. I’ll be there in twenty minutes.” Is this communication? Is this what all these years of technology have brought us to?

In the early days of communication there were letters. When they arrived at your house, you knew they had been delivered by a man E _____.

In those days, people would think very hard before they wrote a letter. You had to have a good reason to write — communication was serious. Now it’s not — people phone each other F ____. Once the phone was a way for people far away from each other to talk — now it’s just an excuse to talk.

1. has been developed very quickly

2. not understand why they are doing it for

3. as Americans call them

4. riding halfway across the country on a horse

5. just because they can

6. can also be used to take and send photos

7. fingers immediately switch on the mobile phone

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	1	6	7	4	5

Task 39

Promoting language learning

 The European Union (EU) is committed to supporting the rights of its citizens to personal and professional mobility, and their ability to communicate with each other. It does so by A_____ to promote the teaching and learning of European languages. These programmes have at least one thing in common: they cover cross-border projects involving partners from two, and often three or more, EU countries.

The EU programmes are designed to complement the national education policies of member countries. Each government is responsible for its own national education policy, B_____. What the EU programmes do is to create links between countries and regions via joint projects, C____.

Since 2007 the main programmes have been put under the overall umbrella of the EU’s lifelong learning programme. All languages are eligible for support under this programme: official languages, regional, minority and migrant languages, D____. There are national information centres in each country, E_____.

The cultural programmes of the EU also promote linguistic and cultural diversity in a number of ways. The “Media” programme funds the dubbing and subtitling of European films for F ____. The “Culture” programme builds cross-cultural bridges by supporting the translation of modern authors into other EU languages.

1. and the languages of the EU’s major trading partners

2. which includes language teaching and learning

3. cinemas and television in other EU countries

4. which enhance the impact of language teaching and learning

5. funding a number of educational programmes

6. and encouraging people to learn new languages

7. where details about the application procedures are given

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
5	2	4	1	7	3

Task 40

Starting your own business

What are the reasons for starting your own business? One of them is because you believe you are the best in that line or because you have a product or service that has never been offered to the market before. Another is that you are a person in a real hurry and cannot suffer the A_____ to reach your goals. Sometimes it is because you have an inheritance B_____ soon after you set up a business or that there already is a cash purse with loose strings and you want to make the best of this bonanza.

If your reasons are any or all of the above, abandon the thought right now and save yourself the disillusionment C____ into the world of commerce.

Start your own business just for the sake of doing a trade, or for D____. Do not burden yourself with lofty notions of superiority when compared to your peers. When setting out to start your own business, be emotional about it, but not impractical; don’t be led by your heart, but be dictated by your mind.

Having covered those parts that are not taught in a business school, let us look at E____ your own business. You should start with a SWOT analysis – strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats – analyze these for yourself, for partners in your business, if any, and for the business itself.

If the result of the analysis is encouraging, then prepare a business plan. It is like a road map for actions in the near foreseeable future to achieve your business goals. Finally, execute the business plan with precision; tweak it as you go along, only so that it helps to meet the end goal of successfully F_____ the business.

1. the essentials of starting

2. that awaits when you step

3. trials and tribulations of employment

4. establishing and conducting

5. preparing a business plan

6. waiting to be acquired

7. undertaking the commercial activity

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	6	2	7	1	4

Task 41

Archaeology done underwater

 Nautical archaeology is the science of finding, collecting, preserving, and studying human objects that have become lost or buried under water. It is a fairly modern field of study since it depends on having the technology to be able to remain underwater for some time to do real work. Whether it is conducted in freshwater or in the sea, A____, nautical archaeology is another way of learning more about the human past.

Although some use the words nautical archaeology to mean a specialized branch of underwater archaeology, B____, most consider the term to mean the same as the words underwater archaeology or marine

archaeology. All of these interchangeable terms mean simply C_____.

Once real trade began, it is safe to say D_____ was probably transported over water at some point in time. By studying submerged objects, we can learn more about past human cultures. In fact, studying ancient artifacts is the only way to learn anything about human societies E_____. Being able to examine the actual objects made and used by ancient people not only adds to the written records they left behind, but allows us to get much closer to the reality of what life was like when they lived. Also, if we pay close attention to how the objects were made and used, we begin to get a more realistic picture of F_____.

1. that existed long before the invention of writing

2. that nearly every object made by humans

3. what those people were really like

4. which is concerned only with ships and the history of seafaring

5. that it is the study of archaeology done underwater

6. and whether it finds sunken ships or old cities

7. and what was discovered underwater

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
6	4	5	2	1	3

Task 42

Visiting the Royal Parks

 London has a well-deserved reputation as one of the greenest cities in Europe, with a huge number of open spaces across the center of the city. Tourists A_____ can always relax in a lovely, quiet London park.

The Royal Parks, such as St James’s, Green Park, the Regent’s Park, Hyde Park, Richmond, Greenwich, Bushy Park and Kensington Gardens, are beautifully maintained and popular with locals and visitors alike. Many are former hunting estates of English monarchs, preserved as open space B______. They are ideal places to relax and sunbathe in summer, enjoy gorgeous flower beds in spring C_____.

The Royal Parks provide fantastic green routes in London D______ and through some of the most attractive areas of the capital. Picnics in the parks are also a popular activity especially during the busy summer months.

Dogs are welcome in all the Royal Parks, although there are some places E_____. These are clearly indicated within each park and are usually ecologically sensitive sites, children’s play areas, restaurants, cafes and some sports areas. Ground nesting birds are particularly sensitive to disturbance by dogs and people. So it is necessary to observe the warning signs F____. In Bushy Park and Richmond Park dogs should be kept away from the deer.

The Royal Parks are for everyone to enjoy.

1. that are displayed during the nesting season

2. while the city has grown up around them

3. and admire the changing leaves as autumn arrives

4. where they are not allowed or should be kept on a lead

5. who are tired of the noise, crowds and excitement of sightseeing

6. who does not know the route to the place of destination

7. that take cyclists away from traffic

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
5	2	3	7	4	1

Task 43

The Survival of the Welsh Language

 Wales is a small country of just over 3 million people, on the north west seaboard of Europe. Despite many historical incursions of other peoples, particularly the English, it has preserved its ancient Celtic language, A_____. Welsh is habitually spoken by about 10% of the people, half understood by a further 10%, and not spoken at all by the majority in this ‘bilingual’ society.

Up to the First World War most people were Welsh speaking, especially in the mountains of North Wales. The English-speaking areas were along the more fertile coastal plains. On the whole there was an easy tolerance of the two languages, B______.

By 1919 there was a considerable drop in Welsh speakers. This was due to the large flows of capital investment from England into the South Wales coalfield, C_____.

Now, D_____, commerce and everyday business were carried out in English.

In the rural mountain areas 80% to 85% of the population were Welsh speakers, E ____. However, in the coalfield country of Glamorgan 70% spoke English only, and in its neighbour border county the figure was over 90%.

By 1931 the number of people able to speak Welsh in the whole of Wales had fallen to 37% of the population, F ____. It continued to drop and reached its lowest – 18.6% — in the 1990s. But by the start of the 21st century, numbers had begun to increase again and reached 21.7% in 2004!

1. as well as education and the law

2. the only one of a number of allied languages that remain

3. with radio and the English press further speeding the decline

4. many being able to speak Welsh only

5. where Welsh was studied as language and literature in an academic manner

6. apart from the fact that Welsh was not permitted to be used at all in the schools

7. bringing a flood of immigrant labour from all over Britain

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	6	7	1	4	3

Task 44

Secrets of Long Life

 There are places in the world where people live longer than anywhere else. The remote Japanese island of Okinawa is one of these places. While the lifespan in Britain is 77 years for men and 81 for women, Okinawa has a population of about one million, of which 900 are centenarians — A_____ in Britain or the USA. So what is their secret of long life?

«The calendar may say they’re 80, but their body says they’re 60,» says Bradley Willcox, a scientist researching the extraordinary phenomenon. The research has shown hormonal differences between Okinawans and B____ but their longevity has been linked to diet. They eat more tofu and soya than any other people in the world and also enjoy a range of different fruit and vegetables, all rich in anti-oxidants. But the most significant thing isn’t what they eat but how much. The Okinawans C_____ known as ‘hara hachi bu’, which translates as ‘eat until you are only 80 % full’.

Scientists refer to this way of eating as ‘caloric restrictions’. No-one knows exactly why it works, but scientists believe it D_____ that there is the danger of famine. This in turn E_____ and so may lead to better preservation and slower aging.

«It’s a stark contrast with the cultural habits that drive food consumption in F____ » says Mr. Willcox. If we look at high streets and supermarkets in most other countries, you will see that he is right. Restaurants offer all-you-can-eat menus and supersize portions. Supermarkets are full of special offers encouraging us to buy more food than we need.

1. make it a healthy diet

2. other parts of the world

3. four times higher than the average

4. have a cultural tradition

5. sends a signal to the body

6. the rest of the population

7. makes the body protect itself

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	6	4	5	7	2

Task 45

Beaches of Portugal

 Covering more than 850 km, the Portuguese coast boasts such a large number of fine, white sandy beaches that it is almost impossible to keep count. All bathed by the Atlantic Ocean and all different, their beauty is hard to describe, so there is nothing better A _____.

The most famous are in the Algarve. With three thousand hours of sun per year and warm waters, there are beaches to suit every taste and many dreamlike resorts. The choices are many, from sandy stretches extending as far as the eye can see B ______, the trade image of the region. They are always accompanied by a calm clear sea, C_____.

In Costa da Caparica, the beaches are particularly dear to Lisbonites D _____ for sun and sea bathing. There are deserted beaches here too, of a wild beauty, E ____ nature. In the centre, tourists will find very wide sandy stretches, to which traditional fishing adds a picturesque touch. And further north, the colder waters and the invigorating sea are tempered by the welcoming atmosphere and the clean air of the mountains and the forests.

Despite all their differences, all beaches share one thing – quality. They are safe and offer a wide range of support and recreational services, F ____. And a large number of Portuguese beaches are granted the European blue flag every year, a distinction that is a sign of their excellent conditions.

1. where one can enjoy close contact with

2. which meet every need of their users

3. than to discover them once for oneself

4. who has never been to this wonderful city

5. which is ideal for various water sports

6. to the smaller coves, sheltered by huge cliffs

7. who have different options around the capital

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	6	5	7	1	2

Task 46

The Joy of Reading

 Have you ever wondered why people read? Why reading is one of the few things A _____ for thousands of years? Even before reading became available to the general public, stories were told around campfires, passed down from generation to generation.

First of all, stories are a good way to escape from your ordinary life, to get immersed in another world, if only for a little time. While reading, you can imagine yourself in different situations B _____, but in the moment that doesn’t matter. Whether you’re suffering from depression or are just bored, reading is a great distraction.

Similarly, another reason people are attracted to stories, is because they are lonely, very often they feel as if they are the only ones in the world C _____. Identifying with a fictional character can make a big difference in helping a person understand D _____.

Other people read because it can be a good way to relax. It can be very nice to sit down and enjoy a good plot unfold, to watch the actions of fictional characters from the side, and to see the consequences of these actions, E ____.

Lastly, people read because it is the easiest way to gain knowledge in a certain area. Instead of finding a teacher, you can just find a book, sit down, and spend a few hours reading. This way you can study wherever you want, whenever you want F _____.

There are countless books in the world, and whoever you are, whatever you’re feeling, there is definitely a book out there, just waiting for you to discover it.

1. try to avoid the boredom of life

2. that has consistently remained part of society

3. that they are not alone

4. going through something difficult

5. without having to bear any responsibility

6. that range from unlikely to impossible

7. at your own pace

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	6	4	3	5	7

Task 47

Peter and Paul Fortress

 The Peter and Paul Fortress in St. Petersburg, located on small Hare Island, is the historic core of the city. The history of St. Petersburg begins with the history of the fortress.

Since 1700 Russia had been fighting the Northern War against Sweden. By 1703 the lands by the Neva River were conquered. To protect them from the attacks of the Swedes it was necessary to build a strong outpost here. The fortress was founded on Hare Island 16 (27) May, 1703 by joint plan of Peter I and French engineer Joseph-Gaspard Lambert de Guerin. This day is well known A____.

The fortress stretches from west to east with six bastions B____. The Peter’s Gate on the east side, C____, has remained since the time of Peter I. The Peter and Paul Cathedral, D____ emperors and the monument of Russian baroque, was completed after the death of the emperor, in 1733. The weathervane as a golden angel with a cross, E____, is one of the main symbols of the city. On the opposite side of the cathedral, there is the Mint building, constructed in the time of Paul I by architect A. Porto. Coinage was moved to the fortress F____ in the time of Peter I. The Peter and Paul Fortress has never directly participated in any fighting. From the very beginning of its existence it was used as a political prison. Since 1924 the Peter and Paul Fortress has been a part of the Museum of the History of St. Petersburg.

1. as the day of the birth of St. Petersburg

2. which was designed by D. Trezzini

3. which was the burial place of Russian

4. and reminding of the rich history of the city

5. as the most protected part of the city

6. which is located on the spire of the cathedral

7. that are located at the corners

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
1	7	2	3	6	5

Task 48

Surviving in a Desert

 A desert is defined as a place that gets less than 250 mm of rain each year. It differs sharply from the climate of a rain forest, A _____.

Arid desert lands cover about one third of the earth’s surface. Most deserts are covered with sand, B _____. There are also usually a lot of rocky areas. This combination of sand and rock means that the soil is not very fertile. C ____, some living things are able to do well in this setting. Many plants have changed and developed in ways D____. These changes have become apparent in a number of ways. Some plants are able to grow very quickly E____. They turn green and produce flowers within just a few days. Other desert plants simply stop growing in very dry weather. They appear to be dead, but when the rain returns, they come back to life and begin growing again.

Desert animals have also developed many characteristics that help them to survive in arid environment. Camels can go for a very long time without drinking. Other animals, such as snakes and rats, find cool places to sleep during the day and come out only at night. The extremely long ears of desert rabbits help them F_____. Changes like these have allowed some animals and plants to grow and develop successfully in a very challenging ecological system: the desert.

There are countless books in the world, and whoever you are, whatever you’re feeling, there is definitely a book out there, just waiting for you to discover it.

1. which is often in the form of hills called sand dunes

2. whenever it rains

3. to find water as far as 25 metres away

4. which can receive up to 10,000 mm of rain annually

5. to better distribute their body heat and stay cool

6. even though the desert environment is very dry and hot

7. that help them to live in the desert

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
4	1	6	7	2	5

Task 49

Nevsky Prospect

 Nevsky Prospect is the main and most famous street of St. Petersburg. The unique architectural ensemble of Nevsky Prospect was formed during the 18th – early 20th centuries. It starts from the bank of the Neva River, runs through the centre of the city and ends at the Neva River. The whole history of St. Petersburg can be seen in the history of the avenue. Nevsky Prospect is 4.5 km long and 25-60 m wide. The narrowest section is located from the Admiralty to the Moika River, A_____.

After the construction of the Admiralty in 1704 and the Alexander Nevsky Monastery in 1710, it was decided to build a road B_____ each other and with the Novgorod Path, which was used by Russian merchants. The construction began on both sides at the same time, the roads were laid through the wood, and in 1760s they were connected into one road, C_____, but with a turn at the Vosstaniya Square. Nevsky Prospect got its name only in 1783. The road was paved with cobble stones, D_____. It was the first street in St. Petersburg with gas lighting. By the early 20th century Nevsky Prospect had become the financial centre of Russia E____ had their offices there.

Nowadays, Nevsky Prospect is the centre of cultural and social life of St. Petersburg. There are museums, theatres, exhibition halls, cinemas, restaurants, cafés, shops F____.

1. and hotels there or nearby the avenue

2. showing the original width of the avenue

3. which was not as straight as it was planned

4. which were built by famous architects and

5. connecting these two important structures with

6. and a few rows of trees were planted along the street

7. as the 40 largest banks of Russia, Europe and America

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	5	3	6	7	1

Task 50

Whales in a Noisy Ocean

Whales use sound in very different ways. Some whales produce songs that travel over vast distances. They also use echolocation, like bats, A _____. But other noise in the ocean creates a problem for the whales.

Since 1987, the International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW) has sent their research vessel Song of the Whale around the world B _____. During the travels, the Song of the Whale scientists have developed expertise C ____ to listen to and record the sounds that the animals make. Thishelps them to track, identify, and survey different species.

One of the threats facing whales and other marine animals is noise pollution in the seas, such as noise from drilling, military activities, oil exploration, and coastal construction. This noise can cause great distress to whales and dolphins and can D _____.

It is feared this noise pollution may cause mass strandings, E _____. If the Song of the Whale team can F ____, then hopefully the nature and location of disturbing noise can be changed.

1. in using underwater microphones

2. to locate food and find their way

3. result in injury and even death

4. track and identify their habitats

5. to filter out food from the water

6. to provide a platform for marine research

7. when large numbers come ashore

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	6	1	3	7	4

Task 51

Unique nature of Kamchatka

Kamchatka is a peninsula located in the north-eastern part of Russia. It is surrounded with the Okhotskoye Sea, the Beringovo Sea and the Pacific Ocean. This region has a very unique environment A_____ one is looking for picturesque views, unforgettable travels and unity with nature.

Kamchatka is famous for its volcanoes, B_____. Volcanoes are represented on Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, the most eastern city in the northern hemisphere, coat of arms as well. There are more than 300 volcanoes

in Kamchatka, from 28 up to 36 of them are active, or potentially active. Kamchatka volcanoes are included in the list of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

The region is also known C____ — rivers and lakes. Many Kamchatka rivers spring from mountain tops and glaciers, that is why they are very clean, and it is wonderful for those D_____. In general, there are up to 14 thousand rivers and streams, 100 thousand lakes and 414 glaciers in Kamchatka.

Kamchatka is a home to the Valley of Geysers, E_____ geysers in the world, after Icelandic geyser fields. It is not easily accessible, as long as it is too unique to be opened for tourists all the time. The Valley of Geysers’ ecosystem is very vulnerable, F_____ and regulate the visiting. In fact, the larger part of Kamchatka is preserved. There are many nature reserves and nature parks in Kamchatka.

1. which are depicted on most souvenirs there

2. so it is necessary to monitor it all the time

3. who love fishing, including Kamchatka bears

4. which has the second largest concentration of

5. to be a place of many water sources

6. to be a popular nature reserve and health resort

7. that makes it a place to visit when

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
7	1	5	3	4	2

Task 52

The life of Pi

 «The Life of Pi» published in 2001 is the third book by the Canadian author Yann Martel. It has A_____, won several prizes and been translated into forty-one languages.

At the start of the book, we B____ in India. His father owns the city zoo and the family home is in the zoo. When they aren’t at school, Pi and his brother help their father at the zoo and he learns a lot about animals.

When Pi is sixteen, his parents decide to close the zoo and move to Canada. They travel by ship taking the animals with them. On the way, there is C_____. Sadly, Pi’s family and the sailors all die in the storm, but Pi lives and finds himself in a lifeboat with a hyena, zebra, orangutan and an enormous tiger. At first, Pi is scared of the animals and jumps into the ocean. Then he remembers there are sharks in the water and decides to climb back into the lifeboat. One by one, the animals in the lifeboat kill and eat each other, till only Pi and the tiger are left alive. Luckily for Pi, there is D_____, but he soon needs to start catching fish. He feeds the tiger to stop it killing and eating him. He also uses a whistle and E_____ and show it that he’s the boss.

Pi and the tiger spend 227 days in the lifeboat. They live through terrible storms and the burning heat of the Pacific sun. They are often hungry and ill. Finally, they arrive at the coast of Mexico, but you will have to F_____ in the end!

1. read the book to find out what happens

2. some food and water on the lifeboat

3. his knowledge of animals to control the tiger

4. received an award for being strong

5. sold seven million copies worldwide

6. learn about Pi’s childhood in Pondicherry

7. a terrible storm and the ship sinks

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
5	6	7	2	3	1

Task 53

Santa Claus

The man we know as Santa Claus has a history all to his own. Today, he is thought of mainly as the jolly man in red, but his story A_____ the 3rd century to a monk named St. Nicholas. It is believed that Nicholas was born sometime around 280 AD in modern-day Turkey. Much admired for his kindness, St. Nicholas B_____. It is said that he gave away all of his inherited wealth and traveled the countryside helping the poor and sick. Over the course of many years, Nicholas’s popularity spread and he became known as the protector of children and sailors. His feast day C_____ his death, December 6. This was traditionally considered a lucky day to make large purchases or to get married. By the Renaissance, St. Nicholas was the most popular saint in Europe.

St. Nicholas first D______ at the end of the 18th century. The name Santa Claus evolved from a Dutch shortened form of Sint Nikolaas. As his popularity grew, Sinter Klaas was described as everything from a jocker with a blue three-cornered hat, red waistcoat, and yellow stockings to a man wearing a broad-brimmed hat and a huge pair of Flemish trousers.

In the 19th centuries big stores E_____ using images of the newly-popular Santa Claus. In 1841, thousands of children visited a Philadelphia shop to see a life-size Santa Claus model. It F_____ before stores began to attract children, and their parents, with the lure of a peek at the “real-life” Santa Claus with his famous white beard and red gown.

1. began to advertise Christmas shopping

2. became the subject of many legends

3. began dressing up unemployed men in

4. is celebrated on the anniversary of

5. was only a matter of time

6. stretches all the way back to

7. appeared in American popular culture

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
6	2	4	7	1	5

Task 54

Welcome to the Smithsonian

When you visit any of the Smithsonian’s 19 museums and galleries or the National zoo, you are entering the largest museum complex in the world. This complex holds about 137 million unique objects in its trust for the American people.

The Smithsonian was established in 1846 with funds given to the United States by James Smithson, an English scientist. The main idea was to increase and spread knowledge for free. And now all Smithsonian institutions are still devoted to public education, A__________ history.

Ten Smithsonian museums and galleries are located in the centre of the U.S. capital. Six other museums and the National zoo are nearby in the Washington metropolitan area, B__________.

The 19th and the newest museum C__________ is the National Museum of African American history and culture. It is now operating in the form of a virtual museum. Its key feature is the memory book, D__________. These diverse memories are linked to each other and to the museum content, E__________.

The Smithsonian complex is home to the world’s foremost research centres in science, the arts and the humanities. Besides the basic research F__________, there are a number of special facilities. Conservation centre at the zoo studies rare and endangered species, environment centre carries out research in ecosystems in the coastal area.

1. that is carried on regularly in each of the museums

2. providing different materials in the arts, science and

3. placing a spotlight on people and events in African American history

4. that has been established within the Smithsonian complex

5. which allows website visitors to upload their own stories or images

6. and visitors can enjoy watching rare exhibits on

7. and two museums are situated in New York City

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	7	4	5	3	1

Task 55

National Gallery of Art

 The National Gallery of Art was created in Washington D.C. for the people of the United States in 1937. It started with the gift of the financier and art collector A__________. His gift also included a building to house the new museum, to be constructed on the National Mall. Opened to the public in 1941, this grand building, B__________, was at the time the largest marble structure in the world.

The newly created National Gallery soon attracted similar gifts from hundreds of other collectors. This tradition of generosity continues to this day with gifts from private donors and artists C__________.

The gallery’s East building contains the collection of modern and contemporary painting, sculpture, D__________. The East and West buildings are connected by an underground tunnel with a moving walkway.

The National Gallery enjoys federal support, E__________, to fulfill its mission to exhibit and interpret great works of European and American art in the nation’s collection. Since its founding, federal funds have fostered the protection and care of the art collection and have supported the gallery’s work, ensuring F__________. Private funding helped to create a renowned collection of works of art and to construct the two landmark buildings. Private support makes possible to arrange a changing programme of special exhibitions.

1. which is now called the West building

2. that the gallery brings daily profit to the country

3. who are willing to share their possessions with the public

4. who presented old master paintings and sculptures to the country

5. as well as partnership with private organizations

6. that the gallery is open daily and free of charge

7. as well as an advanced research centre and an art library

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
4	1	3	7	5	6

Task 56

Healthy school meals

Children at Southdown Infants School in Bath enjoy tasty homemade meals such as roast turkey with fresh vegetables, chicken, salad and fresh fruit for pudding. Vegetables are A ____________. Instead of crisps, chocolate and sweets, the school canteen serves organic carrots, dried fruit and fresh seasonal fruit in bags for 10p, B ______________.

Southdown’s healthy eating initiative began four years ago with the start of a breakfast club.

Now Ms Culley, the head teacher of the school, says that the teachers very clearly see the link between diet and concentration. “Children’s concentration and behaviour C ______________.” The teachers would also like to give the children the experience of eating together. It turned out that some children weren’t used to that.

Pupils are also encouraged to find out more about where their food comes from by  D ______________.

Parents are also involved and are invited in to try school dinners on special occasions, E _______________.

The efforts of staff, pupils and parents to create a healthy eating environment were recognized earlier this month F ______________ the Best School Dinner award.

Ms Culley said: “We are happy to win this award. Healthy eating is at the centre of everything we do. It’s really rewarding to see so many children enjoy real food.”

1. such as Easter and Christmas

2. visiting a local farm

3. local, fresh and organic where possible

4. provide good quality food

5. definitely improve after a good meal

6. and about 100 bags are sold each day

7. when the school was awarded

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	6	5	2	1	7

Task 57

Walking is not enough to keep fit

Walking may not be enough on its own to produce significant health benefits, research suggests. A team from Canada’s University of Alberta compared a 10,000-step exercise programme with a more traditional fitness regime of moderate intensity. Researchers found improvements A _______ were significantly higher in the second group. They told an American College of Sports Medicine meeting that gentle exercise was B __________. In total 128 people took C _________. The researchers assessed influence on fitness by measuring blood pressure and lung capacity. They found out the 10,000-step programme did help to get people motivated – and was an excellent way to start D _________. But to increase the effectiveness, some intensity must be added to their exercise. “Across your day, while you are achieving those 10,000 steps, take 200 to 400 of them at a faster pace. You’ve got to do more than light exercise and include regular moderate activity, and don’t be shy to have an occasional period of time at an energetic level.” The researchers were concerned there was too much focus E __________, rather than on its intensity.

Professor Stuart Biddle, an expert in exercise science at the University of Loughborough, said it was possible that the current guidelines on how much exercise to take were set too low. “However, you have got to find F ____. The harder you make it, the fewer people will actually do it.” Professor Biddle said there was no doubt that energetic exercise was the way to get fit, but volume rather than intensity might be more useful in tackling issues such as obesity.

1. part in the project

2. taking exercise

3. gave marked health benefits

4. in fitness levels

5. on simply getting people to take exercise

6. not enough to get fit

7. a compromise between physiology and psychology

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
4	6	1	2	5	7

Task 58

Double-decker Bus

A double-decker bus is a bus that has two levels. While double-decker long-distance buses are in widespread use around the world, A ____. Double-decker buses are popular in some European cities and in some parts of Asia, usually in former British colonies. Many towns around the world have a few that specialize in short sight-seeing tours for tourists because, as William Gladstone observed, «the way to see London is from the top of a ‘bus'».

Double-decker buses are taller than other buses. They are extensively used in the United Kingdom, B _____, removed from normal service in December 2005 — they still operate on heritage routes. Elsewhere in Europe, double-deckers are used throughout the Dublin Bus network in Ireland, where they are making a comeback on Dublin’s outer suburban routes and also the streets of Cork, Limerick, Galway and Waterford. They are a common sight in Berlin, where the BVG makes extensive use of them. Double-decker long-distance coaches are also in widespread use throughout Europe.

Most buses in Hong Kong and about half in Singapore are double-deckers as well. The only areas in North America that C _____ are the western Canadian province of British Columbia and the United States city of Las Vegas. They are currently being tested in Ottawa on the express routes. The city of Davis, California, in the United States uses vintage double-decker buses for public transport. Davis, California is also home to the first vintage double-decker bus converted from diesel gasoline to run on CNG. The city of Victoria, BC, the city of Vancouver, British Columbia, and a couple of others use Dennis Tridents. A few are also used as tour buses, especially in New York. Double-deckers are have also been used in Mumbai since 1937.

In Brazil, D _____, some companies use double-decker buses. Double-deckers are not a good option for use outside the towns (most roads in Brazil are in very poor condition), and E _____.

Double-decker buses are in widespread use in India in many of the major cities. Some double-decker buses F _____, with no roof and shallow sides. These are popular for sightseeing tours.

1. double-deckers are adored by thousands of tourists

2. use double-decker buses for public transport

3. double-decker city buses are less common

4. where perhaps the most famous was the London Routemaster

5. their use is being discouraged by transportation authorities

6. have an open upper deck

7. where buses are sometimes the only interstate transport

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	4	2	7	5	6

Task 59

Natural Links In a Long Chain of Being

I believe we are not alone.

Even if I am on the other side of the world from the farmhouse I live in, I still dream of the ancient vines out the window, and the shed out back that my grandfather’s father built in 1870 with eucalyptus trunks. As long as I can recreate these images, A ____. 

All of us need some grounding in our modern world of constant moving, buying, selling, meeting and leaving. Some find constancy in religion, others in friends or community. But we need some daily signposts that we are not different, not better, B ____. 

For me, this house, farm, these ancient vines are those roots. Although I came into this world alone and will leave alone, I am not alone. 

There are ghosts of dozens of conversations in the hallways, stories I remember about buying new plows that now rust in the barnyard and ruined crops from the same vines C ____. 

All of us are natural links in a long chain of being, and that I need to know what time of day it is, what season is coming, whether the wind is blowing north or from the east, and if the moon is still full tomorrow night, D _____. 

The physical world around us constantly changes, E _____. We must struggle in our brief existence to find some transcendent meaning and so find relief in the knowledge F _____.

You may find that too boring, living with the past as present. I find it refreshing. There is an old answer to every new problem, that wise whispers of the past are with us. If we just listen and remember, we are not alone; we have been here before.

1. I never quite leave home

2. but human nature does not

3. that we are now harvesting

4. but we as well as our heart did not

5. not worse than those who came before us

6. just as the farmers who came before me did

7. that our ancestors have gone through this before

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
1	5	3	6	2	7

Task 60

The Show Begins

My Uncle Jim took me to all the Broadway shows in New York City, and I was star struck! Actually he wasn’t my real uncle – that’s just what we called him. He was a close friend of my parents. He was a bit stocky with red hair, A _________.

I remember the theaters on Broadway, B __________. The curtains were made of this real heavy, dark red material. There were huge chandelier lights hanging from the ceiling. The walls were dark, paneled wood. The seats were red and cushy C __________.

The orchestra sat at the base of the stage in a pit. I usually went down to the front to see the musicians D __________. They were all crammed into such a tiny space. I played the flute myself and my dad kept encouraging me that if I kept it up, E ___________. But truly, I didn’t want to be tucked away down there. I wanted to be on top, front and center.

Most people dressed rather finely, and certain fragrances took center stage as various women passed by. The sounds of the audience F __________ at their seats were clearly heard while last minute patrons filled in. There was electricity in the air and then the lights would go down and up, and you knew it was time for the show to get started. The lights dimmed. The music began. And you were swept up into a whole new world. I loved it!

1. I could be playing down there someday

2. and set real close together

3. which were so old and posh

4. and he had a beard and moustache

5. I wasn’t that good at music

6. getting ready and warming up

7. laughing and chattering away

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
4	3	2	6	1	7

Task 61

Scouting moves ahead

The Scout Movement, which is also known as the Boy Scouts has changed massively in more than 100 years, though many people do not realise this.

For many people in Britain the word “scouting” evokes images of boys in short trousers A__________. Many people imagine that the Scout Association and its female counterpart the Guides Association are old-fashioned. They think these associations are for people B__________ than the future, people who just like camping in the rain and washing in cold water.

It’s quite easy to understand why Scouts and Guides have this sort of image. The “Boy Scouts” were founded over 100 years ago by Robert Baden-Powell, a retired English army general; the “Girl Guides” followed three years later. They were organised in an almost military manner. Young people had to learn discipline and how to do things as a group. They C__________ in difficult conditions, learnt to make campfires and, yes, they certainly had to get used to washing in cold water. In those days though, that D__________ many people washed in cold water.

Nevertheless, even at the start, there was much more to scouting than that. Scouts and Guides also learned the value of solidarity. Right from the start, they had to cope with difficult situations, E__________, and play a useful part in society. Baden-Powell’s organisations were inclusive, and never exclusive; any young person could become a Scout or a Guide, regardless of race, background or religion.

Though the Scout and Guide movements began in England, they soon spread to other countries, and within 50 years, scouting F__________ with young people all over the world.

1. who are more interested in the past

2. and girls in blue uniforms

3. that were generally better

4. was not particularly unusual as

5. went on camping expeditions

6. interact with other people

7. had become a popular activity

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	1	5	4	6	7

Task 62

Skip the sun, get a glow the healthy way

Everyone at some point has wanted a “healthy glow,” whether it’s a must-have for summer, or a vacation, the thought of tan skin has crossed the minds of millions. If you are pale, it A__________. There is wild excitement when after a day in the sun your skin is tan, not burnt. Surely everyone is familiar with the famous conversation upon the realization that you got fried at the beach. Your friends reassure you with “Don’t worry it B__________.” It may all seem like fun and games at the time, but alarming new research C__________.

Some tan-seekers do it the old-fashioned way, grab a towel and hit the pool or beach. Recently, millions of young girls D__________ instead. Regardless of how the tan is achieved, any change in skin coloring is evidence of skin cell damage. This can lead to cancer. According to the Skin Cancer Foundation, melanoma, or skin cancer, among people aged 18 to 39 has risen dramatically. In the United States the number of skin cancer cases due to tanning, is higher than the number of lung cancer cases due to smoking.

While it is true that being outside and active is great for your body and the sun does provide vitamin D, everyone’s health still needs protecting. However, it’s E__________, limit time spent in direct sunlight, between the hours of 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., and wear sunscreen at all times. A fashionable option is the sun hat: both elegant and fun. Big floppy hats may seem ridiculous at first, but F__________.

Another advice is to look into sunless tanners: They are cheap and in no way endanger the lives of users. So, fake it, don’t bake it!

1. takes a lot of time and effort to tan

2. have been turning to tanning beds

3. they are actually quite classy accessories

4. better to avoid indoor tanning

5. have inspired people to get their skin checked

6. will eventually turn into a tan

7. has taken the healthy out of healthy glow

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
1	6	7	2	4	3

Task 63

Grant-making agency

The National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) is an independent grant-making agency of the United States government. Established in 1965, it is one of the largest sources of grant funds for humanities projects and programs in the U.S. NEH promotes knowledge of the history, thought, and culture, not only of the United States, A__________.

NEH grants facilitate research and original scholarship, strengthen teaching and learning in the humanities in American schools and colleges, give opportunities for citizens to engage in lifelong learning, B__________.

The Endowment is directed by a chairman, C__________ and confirmed by the U.S. Senate for a term of four years. Advising the chairman is the National Council on the Humanities, a board of 26 distinguished private citizens D__________ with the advice of the Senate. The National Council members serve six-year terms.

NEH grants are typically awarded to U.S. cultural institutions, such as museums, archives, libraries, colleges, universities, and public television and radio stations, E__________. Eligibility is limited to U.S. non-profit institutions and to U.S. citizens and foreigners F__________ prior to the time of application. Grants are awarded through a competitive process. The chairman takes into account the advice provided by the review process and, by law, makes all funding decisions.

1. who is appointed by the president

2. but of other countries of the world

3. but in every aspect of social sciences

4. who are also appointed by the president

5. who have been living in the U.S. for three years

6. as well as to individual scholars of the humanities

7. as well as provide access to cultural and educational resources

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	7	1	4	6	5

Task 64

The Bonfire Night

The 5th of November has always had a very special place in my heart. More important than New Year’s Eve, but probably less important than the Olympics ceremonies, the 5th of November every year is A __________ all over the country to go wild!

The night of the 5th is often cold and damp and parents wrap up their children in layers of jumpers, coats, hats, scarves and gloves. They fuss over the littlest B __________ aren’t scared. They comfort their pets and give them a safe place to curl up inside, away from the cacophony about to start outside.

Outside the bonfire is C __________ up your nose. If you’re lucky, there might be some pumpkin soup left over from Halloween to warm you up, because in spite of all the layers and the excitement, you’ll still need warming up until the bonfire gets going!

When it’s absolutely dark and the bonfire is blazing, the children and parents huddle together in groups, staring up at the sky. What are they waiting for? The screech of the first firework deafens them all and D __________. The “oohs” and “aaahs” of the crowd keep perfect time with the “kabooms” of the rockets. With every firework that lights up the sky, parents watch the delight grow on their children’s faces and sigh with relief.

After the grand finale, they make their way home with the noises still echoing in their ears. An extra special treat E __________! Waving them through the chilly air, spelling out names and drawing pictures, even the oldest members of the family remember how to be kids!

This is what the 5th of November means to me. Every year, it F __________ such bright and colourful fireworks and heard such loud bangs. I really hope I never grow out of it!

1. differences in traditions

2. children and hope that they

3. the day for fireworks lovers

4. the explosion lights up the sky

5. feels like the first time I’ve seen

6. waits at home though: sparklers

7. lit and the smell of smoke creeps

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	2	7	4	6	5

Task 65

Earth-sheltered homes

Earth-sheltered or simply underground homes are one of those creations by man, which brings him closer to nature. Unlike the normal traditional houses that A __________, these earth-sheltered homes are built using the shelter of the ground. Earth-sheltered homes can be easily made in hilly areas.

The basic idea behind the construction of such a house is that they are built with the idea of B ________ and each of these homes is built entirely different from each other.

The construction of these homes is usually done according to the shape of the area where the house is built. Their designs C ________ to the nature. The early earth houses which were initially built lacked windows. Modern day earth-sheltered homes though have windows as well as any other facility that the people living there might require.

Some of the major benefits of earth-sheltered homes are that they are naturally insulating. This makes them cool in the summer and cozy and warm in the winter. Another advantage D __________ and are well protected from earthquakes as well as wind-storms. Many earth-sheltered homes are also defended against intruders since there is usually only one entry.

As everything has its pros and cons, earth-sheltered homes also do. The interior decoration of these homes, like placing the furniture or huge paintings, E __________. These homes also have dark spaces inside and for this reason, lots of lighting is essential.

Earth-sheltered homes are one of the greenest housing designs that combines Mother Nature with eco-friendly F __________.

1. are built on the ground

2. are usually very organic

3. is being built facing south

4. being environmentally friendly

5. building materials and lifestyle

6. is that these homes are safe from fire

7. can be difficult due to the construction

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
1	4	2	6	7	5

Task 66

Australia

Australia is one of the world’s most ethnically diverse nations. Nearly a quarter of the people who live in Australia A __________. They come from the United Kingdom and other European countries, but also from China, Vietnam, North Africa, and the Middle East.

First people arrived in Australia about 50,000 years ago. They B __________ land bridges when sea levels were lower. The next to land in Australia were Dutch explorers. They came in 1606. In 1788 the British began to settle there. Many settlers C __________ as punishment. For a short time, the newcomers lived peacefully with the Aboriginal people.

In 1851, gold was discovered in Australia. A rush to find riches brought D __________ 1859, six separate colonies were created which later became part of the British Commonwealth.

Australian culture is founded on stories of battlers, bushrangers and brave soldiers. Today E __________ its Aboriginal heritage, vibrant mix of cultures, innovative ideas and a thriving ecosystem.

Australia’s ecosystem is an unusual one because of its remote location. As a result, there are F __________ and nowhere else in the world, such as kangaroo and koala.

One of Australia’s most amazing sites rises like an enormous whale’s back from a flat desert called the Red Center. It is a sacred natural formation at the heart of the country and the largest rock in the world!

1. Australia is one of the most

2. were born in other countries

3. Australia also defines itself by

4. many animal species that occur here

5. may have travelled from Asia across

6. thousands of new immigrants, and by

7. were criminals sent to live in Australia

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	5	7	6	3	4

Task 67

Living nature in Madeira

Right in the middle of the Atlantic, the islands of Madeira and Porto Santo are a haven of natural beauty. The exotic colours of the flowers stand out from among the blue sea and the emerald green vegetation. This is an archipelago where the big territory is a protected area and A __________ is located.

The Madeira Natural Park was created in 1982 to preserve this vast natural heritage, a worldwide rarity. The park is classified as a Biogenetic Reserve, B __________, with some rare species such as the mountain orchid, unique in the world, and also some exotic large trees. To visit this park is to discover Nature! The park covers about two-thirds of the island, making Madeira a truly ecological destination.

The springtime temperature, C __________, cries out for open air activities. Visitors can go for a walk in the park, visit the city of Funchal or roam freely around the island. Boat rides are an excellent way of D __________. In such a naturally welcoming environment, balance and well-being are taken for granted. Madeira offers various tourist complexes E __________.

Popular feasts, F __________, are opportunities to appreciate traditional gastronomic flavours and see Madeira partying, especially for the Carnival parades, the Flower festival, the Atlantic festival and, above all, the end-of-year fireworks display.

1. which is felt all year round

2. which take place in Madeira all year round

3. where the largest laurel forest in the world

4. admiring the coastline from a different perspective

5. where one can find a unique range of flora and fauna

6. choosing this holiday destination for its natural beauty

7. that have prime conditions for boating and scuba diving

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	5	1	4	7	2

Task 68

Wild animals in cities

Have you ever seen bears in Vancouver parks, leopards on the streets of Mumbai or wild pigs in gardens in Berlin? Recently, there A __________ on TV about big animals coming into towns and cities. What happens when wild animals come into our cities? Is it dangerous for us and the animals?

Wild animals usually come into cities to look for food. In Cape Town, South Africa, baboons sometimes come into the suburbs. They eat fruit from gardens and go into people’s kitchens and take food from cupboards and fridges! Baboons are B __________ children and fight with pet dogs. Many people do not like them, but the city can be dangerous for baboons too. Sometimes, baboons are C __________ human food can be very bad for their teeth. The city council in Cape Town has a team of Baboon Monitors whose job is to find baboons D ___________ to the countryside. This makes the city safer for people and is healthier for the baboons. However, the main problem is that a lot of baboons will come back to the city to find food again.

In Berlin, Germany, groups of wild pigs have come into the city for hundreds of years, but now the winters are warmer, there are even more pigs than in the past. Pigs eat flowers and plants and dig in gardens and parks in the city. They also E __________ accidents. Some city residents like the pigs and give them food. But the city council is worried about the traffic accidents, so they F __________ have put up fences to stop the pigs coming into the city.

1. cause lots of problems

2. in the city and take them back

3. walk in the street and cause traffic

4. hurt in car accidents and the sugar in

5. strong animals and sometimes they scare

6. have been many reports in newspapers and

7. have told people to stop giving the pigs food and

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
6	5	4	2	3	7

Task 69

Europe’s best hidden gems

There are incredible destinations in Europe known worldwide, such as Amsterdam and its canals, London and its museums, its shopping and atmosphere, or Paris, the City of Light. Europe also has thousands of hidden treasures. There is a wide selection of the finest unknown destinations in Europe, from Lugano in Switzerland  A __________.

Lugano is an international city, the crossroads and melting pot of European culture. It constitutes one of the most interesting regions to be discovered. Lugano is not only Switzerland’s third most important financial centre,  B __________ old buildings.

The area of Cinque Terre in Italy represents one of the best preserved natural sights of the Mediterranean. Human activity has contributed to creating a unique landscape in which the development of typical stone walls is so extensive C __________. All this, D __________, makes the Cinque Terre an increasingly popular location among Italian and foreign tourists.

Sintra is a jewel set between the mountains and the sea, waiting to be discovered by tourists E __________, luxuriant nature and cosmopolitan cultural offer. Sintra has a wonderful charm that left a deep impression on the soul and work of the writers F __________. Sintra is truly the capital of Romanticism. It is a place to be experienced by everyone!

1. but showed evidence of an early human housing

2. to Cinque Terre in Italy and Sintra in Portugal

3. as to equal that of the famous Great Wall of China

4. but also a town of parks and flowers, villas and

5. who want to be lost in its majestic historical heritage

6. combined with the beauty of a crystal clear sea

7. who pioneered the Romantic spirit in the eighteenth century

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	4	3	6	5	7

Task 70

Beautiful cities of Italy

The political and cultural centre of Italy is the ‘Eternal City’, Rome. Ever since the Roman Empire, as its capital, Rome has become famous as a centre of European culture. The most striking sights of Rome are, of course, the Colosseum and the Forum. Once the Colosseum was able to receive about 50 thousand spectators, A __________ and concert halls. The Pantheon, the old temple of all gods, B __________, is also located in Rome.

The second most important town in Italy is Milan. Milan is the capital of fashion and C __________, exhibitions and conferences. The main attraction of Milan is its Cathedral Square, where the monument to the King Victor Emmanuel II is installed. Theatre fans will not be left disappointed by visiting the Theatre of La Scala.

The most popular city among tourists is Venice. The city is unique because it has more than 120 islands, D __________ and 400 bridges. Venice has been known for more than fifteen hundred years, and for E __________. The main area of the city is Saint Mark’s Square with the Cathedral of San Marco. One of the most beautiful buildings in Venice is the Palace of Doges. The other famous attraction is the Grand Canal F______.

In addition to this, there are such beautiful cities in Italy as Naples, Turin, Florence, Genoa, Pisa and the islands of Sardinia and Sicily. All of them are outstanding places to visit.

1. that is the largest in Venice

2. which was built in the early I century

3. that everyone is dreaming about this trip

4. which is comparable with modern stadiums

5. which are сonnected by more than 150 canals

6. the venue for major international festivals

7. that time it produced a lot of attractions

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
4	2	6	5	7	1

Task 71

City of fountains

 Peterhof is a monument of world architecture and palace and park art. Peterhof includes a palace and park ensemble of the 18-19th centuries, A__________. Peterhof is a city of fountains as it contains 173 fountains and 4 cascades B__________. Each year up to 3 million people come here to enjoy the splendour of numerous fountains and the unique parks of Peterhof.

The name Peterhof was first mentioned in 1705. It was a coastal manor, close to which the construction of a grand country residence began. The original plan belonged to Peter the Great. After the brilliant victory of Russian troops over the Swedes, security of St. Petersburg both from the land C__________. Since that time, the construction of the Peterhof residence grew immensely in scope.

According to the plan of Peter the Great, on the one hand, Peterhof was meant to be equal in splendour with the most famous royal residences in Europe, D__________ to access the Baltic Sea. Both were successfully done. The Great Palace was built on a natural hill here, E__________. Following the plan of Peter the Great, F__________, the Grand Cascade with the famous Samson fountain was constructed. This is still one of the most spectacular fountains in the world. In 1990 the palaces and parks of Peterhof were included in the list of the world heritage of UNESCO.

1. and from the sea has been firmly ensured

2. which is a former royal countryside residence

3. who designs many royal residences in Europe

4. and then rebuilt in the baroque style in the 18th century

5. who wanted to decorate the main entrance with waterfalls

6. that are located in the park on the coast of the Gulf of Finland

7. and on the other hand, to become a monument of Russia’s struggle

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	6	1	7	4	5

Task 72

Sights of Sochi

 Sochi is unique among other Russian cities because it has many aspects of a subtropical resort. Apart from the scenic Caucasus Mountains, pebble and sand beaches, the city attracts tourists with its vegetation, numerous parks, monuments, and extravagant architecture. About two million people visit Greater Sochi each summer, A__________. The famous Caucasian Biosphere Reserve, B__________, lies just north from the city.

Popularity of Sochi among tourists is largely explained by the beauty of its surroundings. Walking along the river Agura, everyone will admire the nature around, C__________, and amazing waterfalls. From the bridge over the Agura opens a magnificent view to the lowest Agura waterfall. In the shady Agura gorge tourists will feel the gentle coolness, D__________.

Akhun Mountain the biggest in the region has a beautiful tower on the top. The height of the tower is more than 30 metres, E__________ are stunning. The observation platform on the top of the tower gives a chance to take superb pictures of the city. Every year thousands of people visit this stone tower, F__________ the perfect view of the Black Sea coast and the Caucasus Mountains. It is a truly unforgettable experience. Tourists will enjoy visiting all the sights and the resort itself, full of exotic green and the boundless blue of the Black Sea. 

1. and the views that open from it

2. which is built on the top to give visitors

3. when the subtropical resort is almost empty

4. which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site

5. enjoying the sound of birds singing and waterfalls gurgling

6. when the city is home to the annual film festival “Kinotavr”

7. including high cliffs, exotic vegetation, breathtaking canyons

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
6	4	7	5	1	2

Task 73

Saint Petersburg

 A city of palaces and museums, broad avenues and narrow canals, St. Petersburg’s short history is rich in architectural and artistic treasures. Alongside world-famous attractions such as the Hermitage and St. Isaac’s Cathedral, the city has a lot of equally interesting buildings A__________. St. Petersburg is considered to be Russia’s cultural capital. It reflects the country’s extraordinary fate like no other city.

St. Petersburg is a relatively young city, by both Russian and European standards, as B__________. Despite its short life, the city has a rich history. From the early days of Peter the Great to modern times, the city has always bustled with life and intrigue.

Lying across the delta of the Neva River, St. Petersburg, the Venice of the North, is a city C__________, some of which are well-known for their unique history. Bridges are an essential part of the city’s architectural make-up. Among the city’s over 500 bridges, there are numerous technological masterpieces. The centre of the city offers vast areas of green space, D__________.

St. Petersburg is a beautiful and fascinating holiday destination and one E__________. Whether to visit the city in a romantic and snowy Russian winter F__________, visitors will be spellbound by 
St. Petersburg’s culture and beauty. 

1. that is built on hundreds of islands

2. or during the dazzling white nights in summer

3. it was only founded in 1703 by Tsar Peter the Great

4. or considering a variety of the trip accommodation offers

5. that reveal the mysterious and tragic genius of St. Petersburg

6. of the most intriguing and historically significant cities in Europe

7. including beautiful historic gardens and extensive leisure parks

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
5	3	1	7	6	2

Task 74

State Hermitage Museum

 The Hermitage is St. Petersburg’s most popular visitor attraction, and one of the world’s largest and most prestigious museums. It is a must-see for all first-time travellers to the city. With over 3 million items in its collection, it also rewards repeat visits, A__________ of the riches on offer here, from Impressionist masterpieces to fascinating Oriental treasures. It was estimated B__________ on display for just one minute. So many visitors prefer a guided tour to ensure C__________ highlights. Art-lovers, however, may find it more rewarding to seek out for themselves the works D__________.

The bulk of the Hermitage collection is housed in the Winter Palace, E__________. However, there are a number of other sites that constitute part of the Hermitage, including the recently opened Storage Facility in the north of St. Petersburg. It offers guided tours through some of the museum’s vast stocks. The magnificent General Staff Building opposite the Winter Palace is most famous for its central triumphal arch, F__________ Nevsky Prospekt. The General Staff Building contains a number of unique exhibitions. It includes the Modern European Art, probably the most visited section of the Hermitage with well-known collections of Picasso and Matisse, as well as a wealth of popular Impressionist paintings. 

1. that they are particularly interested in

2. that they have time to catch all the collection’s

3. and new-comers can only hope to get a brief taste

4. which brings pedestrians out on to Palace Square from

5. that one would need eleven years to view each exhibit

6. which was the official residence of the Russian emperors

7. and the exhibition was often visited by military historians

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
3	5	2	1	6	4

Task 75

Letniy Sad

 Letniy Sad (The Summer Garden) is a park ensemble, a monument of landscape art of the 18th century. Letniy Sad is the oldest park in St. Petersburg. The park was founded by Peter I in 1704. The Tsar dreamed of his own Versailles and drew its original plan himself. He planned to create a regular, architectural park with accurate layout and straight paths. Prominent architects and gardeners took part in its creation. The park was supposed to become a place of relaxation, A__________.

Letniy Sad is surrounded by water. Natural boundary of the park from the north and east are the Neva and Fontanka Rivers, B__________.

Peter I brought sculptures from Italy for the park and was very proud of them. In the 18th century there were more than two hundred sculptures, C__________, or moved to suburban royal residences and the Hermitage. Now Letniy Sad is decorated with 90 sculptures – copies made of artificial marble.

In May, 2012 Letniy Sad was opened after reconstruction. The reconstruction work had been going on for about three years, D__________ Letniy Sad as it was in the 18th century. Among the new items in Letniy Sad, there is the Archaeological Museum, E__________ during the restoration of the park. Visitors can take a tour of the park F__________ on Sundays. 

1. and restorers have done everything possible to keep

2. combining the features of urban and suburban estates

3. which are planned to be the centre of scientific research

4. which contains interesting objects found by archaeologists

5. but later many of them were either destroyed in the flood

6. and enjoy the exhibitions and performances of a brass band

7. and from the south and west – the Moika River and the Lebyazhiy Canal

Ответ	A	B	C	D	E	F
2	7	5	1	4	6

55

Английский язык, 11 класс

Урок № 40. Hopes and dreams

На уроке вы:

• познакомитесь с информацией о выдающихся людях, которые смогли достичь свои цели и реализовали свои мечты и профессиональные амбиции;
• узнаете, что надо делать, чтобы реализовать свои самые смелые планы;
• познакомитесь с новыми лексическими единицами по теме «Надежды и мечты. Современный мир профессий. Возможности продолжения образования в высшей школе. Проблемы выбора будущей сферы трудовой и профессиональной деятельности, профессии, планы на ближайшее будущее»;
• познакомитесь с устойчивыми выражениями со словом «мечта»;
• разовьете навыки чтения с полным пониманием текста;
• повторите способы словообразования в связном контексте.

Термины и понятия урока № 40 : Лексические единицы по теме «Надежды и мечты. Современный мир профессий. Возможности продолжения образования в высшей школе. Проблемы выбора будущей сферы трудовой и профессиональной деятельности, профессии, планы на ближайшее будущее »: run for, insurmountable, perseverance, inspiration, come up against, make a difference, initially, defeat, failings, banish, reject, overcome, achieve, long to, reach one’s goal, take things as they come, face, move on, come true, self-doubt, perspiration, prove, dash one’s hopes, in the hope that, hope for the best, get one’s hopes up, give up hope, have high hopes of, pin one’s hopes on smb.

Развитие лексических навыков: употребление лексических единиц в речи.

Развитие навыков чтения с полным пониманием прочитанного.

Активизация грамматических навыков и умений по теме «Времена английского глагола в активном и страдательном залоге. Личные и неличные формы глагола». Развитие навыков лексико-грамматической трансформации в заданном контексте

Основная и дополнительная литература по теме урока:

• Афанасьева О.В., Дули Дж. и др. Английский в фокусе. Английский язык. 11 класс. Учебник, стр. 23 – М.: Просвещение, 2017.
• Афанасьева О.В., Дули Дж. и др. Английский язык. Рабочая тетрадь. 11 класс. – М.: Просвещение, 2017.
• Афанасьева О.В., Дули Дж. и др. Английский язык. Книга для чтения. 11 класс. – М.: Просвещение, 2017.
• Афанасьева О.В., Дули Дж. и др. Английский язык. Языковой портфель. 11 класс. – М.: Просвещение, 2017.
• Афанасьева О.В., Дули Дж. и др. Английский язык. Контрольные задания. 11 класс. – М.: Просвещение, 2017.
• Абросимова Л С., Дули Дж. и др. Курс на ЕГЭ. 10-11 класс – М.: Просвещение, 2017.

Task 1.Read the text and fill in the gaps (1-7) with A, B, C, D:

I have a dream…..

Did you know that it took Abraham Lincoln thirty years to achieve his dream of becoming President of the United States? After losing his mother at a young age, his first attempt at business ended in failure. Then he failed to 1) …….. into law school, which he desperately wanted. He eventually became a lawyer, but then he was defeated for congress three times and got less than one hundred votes when he ran for Vice-President. He was finally elected

sixteenth President of the United States when he was fifty-two years old. He faced countless insurmountable obstacles, but he never gave up. He just kept on going until he reached his goal!

So what about you? You may not dream of being a world leader, but perhaps you long to become a lawyer, an astronaut or an inventor, to climb Mount Everest or perhaps simply to do something to help those less fortunate than yourself. At times, achieving these ambitions may seem impossible and, like Abraham Lincoln, you might come up against incredible difficulties. But 2) …….. heart because there are some very practical steps you can take to help make your dreams come true…

Believe in yourself

Without a doubt, this is the first step on the road to achieving your dreams! And this means not listening to anyone who tells you, ‘You can’t.’ Einstein, Beethoven and Edison, all knew about this. Einstein was considered an ‘unteachable fool’ by his early teachers, Beethoven’s music teacher told him he was a ‘hopeless composer’, and Thomas Edison’s mother was told to 3) …….. him from school because he was ‘too stupid to learn’. Sometimes, though, it’s not others that we have to worry about. Many times, we are our own worst enemy. We look at ourselves and all we can see are our weaknesses, failings and defeats. But when you banish self-doubt, you are capable of doing everything you attempt to the best of your 4) …….. because you believe you can succeed. As Henry Ford once put it, ‘If you think you can or you think you can’t, you’re probably right.’

Take steps to achieve your dreams

Remember, Rome wasn’t built in a day! In other words, achieving your dreams is usually a process involving a lot of 5) …….. work and perseverance. Therefore, read books, take courses, practise for hours or do whatever you need to do that will give you the skills to achieve your goals. After all, in the words of Thomas Edison, ‘Genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration.’

Don’t give up

Finally, don’t be afraid of failure on the way to achieving your dreams. Michael Jordan is someone who understands this very well. ‘I’ve failed over and over again in my life,’ he once said, ‘and that is why I succeed.’ Thomas Edison’s life proves to us that this is true. After

thousands of failures, each of which showed him how not to make a light bulb, he was able to achieve a success that would change people’s lives forever. In the same 6) …….., George Lucas’ script for Star Wars was initially rejected by various studios. If he had given up at this point, he

would have never seen Star Wars become one of the most popular films of all 7) ……..!

So, never say never. Believe you can climb that mountain, swim that ocean or reach that place, and surely one day you will. There would be no Ford cars, Star Wars, light bulbs or Beethoven symphonies if this was not true!

1 A accept	B pass	C get	D succeed
2 A take	B have	C make	D find
3 A pull	B erase	C cut	D remove
4 A power	B skill	C ability	D gifts
5 A strong	B hard	C heavy	D tough
6 A idea	B way	C method	D means
7 A years	B moments	C days	D time

Task 2. Learn the new words

Run for- баллотироваться в

Insurmountable- непреодолимый

Perseverance- упорство, настойчивость

Inspiration- вдохновение

come up against- сталкиваться с

make a difference- изменить что-то к лучшему

initially- первоначально

defeat- побеждать

failings- недостатки

banish- выгонять

reject- отвергать, не принимать

overcome- преодолевать

achieve- достигать

long to- страстно желать, стремиться к

reach one’s goal- достичь цели

take things as they come- принимать как есть

face- столкнуться

move on- продвигаться

come true- осуществить, реализовать

self-doubt- неуверенность в себе

perspiration-потение

prove- доказывать

Task 3. Learn the following set expressions with the word «hope»

dash one’s hopes- разбить чьи-то надежды

in the hope that- в надежде, что

hope for the best- надеяться на лучшее

get one’s hopes up- успокаивать, подбадривать

give up hope- потерять надежду, оставить надежду

have high hopes of- возлагать большие надежды на

pin one’s hopes on somebody -возлагать надежды на кого-либо

Task 4. Match the words from the text with their meanings

be a candidate	initially
continuing with smth. even when it’s difficult	inspiration
be faced with	banish
at first	insurmountable
get rid of	failings
so big that it cannot be solved	run for president
source of a new, creative idea	defeated
faults	come up against
lost	reject
turn down	perseverance

Task 5. Fill in the words into each gap

I 1f you _______for President, you would need a lot of money to pay for the campaign.

2 _______is necessary if you want to learn a foreign language.

3 Don’t worry if you _____________people criticizing you. Ignore them!

4__________, her ambition was to be a vet, but now she wants to be an accountant.

5 Only a king can ___________his subjects from his country.

6 Lack of money was an _________problem to their night out.

7 Writers get ____________from just walking down the street.

8 One of his ____________is his constant self-doubt.

9 My team was ______________in the first round.

10 His marriage proposal was unexpectedly____________.

Word bank: insurmountable, come up against, ran, initially, banish, perseverance, rejected, inspiration, failings, defeated.

Task 6. Choose the correct word .

1 Goals are achieved with hard work and self-doubt/ perseverance/ perspiration.

2 Napoleon was banished/ rejected / defeated in the battle of Waterloo.

3 Fighting to end hunger in the third world often seems like an insurmountable/ defeated/endless battle.

4 Perseverance/ self-doubt/ perspiration is the body’s way of regulating its temperature or responding to stress.

5 Perseverance/ self-doubt/ perspiration kept Helen from pursuing her dream.

6 City Hall banished/ rejected / defeated the architect’s designs.

7 Banish/ reject / defeat feelings of doubt with these 10 quick and easy steps

Task 7. Match the set expressions with their definitions

Dash one’s hopes	Возлагать надежды на кого-то
in the hope that	Потерять надежду
hope for the best	Возлагать большие надежды на
get one’s hopes up	Успокаивать, подбадривать
give up hope	В надежде, что
have high hopes of	Надеяться на лучшее
pin one’s hopes on smb.	Разбить чьи-то надежды

Task 8. Underline the correct word in the exchanges

1 A: How is she, Doctor?

B: We have done everything medically possible. All we

can do now is hope for the dashed/ best/ pin/ given up.

2 A: Rick’s hopes of winning a medal were dashed/ best/ pin/ given up when he slipped and fell during the race.

B: What a shame! But there’s always next year.

3 A: Don’t dashed/ best/ pin/ given up all your hopes on becoming an astronaut.

B: Just watch and see. I’ll make it happen!

4 A: Have you heard from the company you applied to last

month?

B: No, and I’ve dashed/ best/ pin/ given up hope of a reply now.

Task 9. Complete the sentences with the phrases in the correct form

1 We might be able to go away this weekend, but don’t _________― I may have to work.

2 He gave up his job _______ he would find something better.

3 I hadn’t changed a tyre before but I decided to have a go and _________ .

4 A terrible injury _____ Greg’s ________ of reaching the Olympics.

5 Mike _______ getting this job. He hasn’t applied for anything else.

6 I never ______ that I would become a famous singer one day.

7 Joanne _________ going to university

Word bank: dash one’s hopes, in the hope that, hope for the best, get one’s hopes up, give up hope, have high hopes of, pin one’s hopes on

Task 10. Read the text and Fill in the gaps (1-6) with the phrases (A-G). There is one phrase that you do not need to use.

We want to be famous!

Ask kids in Britain what they want to be when they grow up and many will give the same reply: “I want to be famous!” That, at least, is the finding of a recent survey in the UK which suggests that the cult of the celebrity in Britain has reached such a level that traditional childhood dreams of becoming a pilot, an astronaut, or a ballerina, have been firmly replaced by the desire to become a celebrity.

Of course there is nothing new in childhood dreams of fame. Young children have always wanted to be superheroes, princesses, and rock stars. Nor, indeed, is there anything wrong with children dreaming of fame and fortune 1) ……….. ?

The problem today lies in British children’s perceptions of the accessibility of fame. The rise of a new type of celebrity in the UK — one who has achieved fame, fortune and influence without doing anything of importance — has created a generation of children 2) …………, it is something that can be got for nothing.

Reality TV shows (such as Big Brother) are partly responsible for the rise in this new genre of British celebrity. In the early 2000s, reality TV saw an explosion in popularity in the UK. Magazine covers in Britain became dominated by men and women 3) …………. . Such was the media coverage afforded to these reality TV stars that by 2007, according to one survey, one in seven UK teenagers were hoping to achieve fame by appearing on a reality TV show.

Of course, of the hundreds of thousands of people 4) …………, few actually achieve it. Teachers in Britain worry that the ease with which reality show contestants find fame fails to get this message across to children.

British teachers are also very concerned that the obsession with celebrity is affecting both children’s attitudes to study and their career aspirations. Children look at celebrities today 5) ………… . Thus, they begin to see education as unnecessary for achieving success in life.

It is very important not to fall into the trap of believing the path to fame and fortune is easy. If it was, everyone would be rich and famous! Very few people will achieve fame from appearing on reality TV, 6) ………… . Still, the good news for kids today is that regardless of whether or not they achieve fame, there are more job options open to them than ever before. Most kids can still grow up to be anything they want to be!

Phrases to fill in :

A who had achieved fame merely because they had done something memorable on reality television

B that will become famous for no particular reason

C and even fewer will achieve long-lasting fame

D since aiming high and having great dreams can push a child to succeed

E who dream of fame and fortune

F and see that they have not achieved their fame because of any accomplishment

G who believe that fame is not only easy to achieve

Task 11. Read the text about Alex Morton and choose the correct variant for each gap.

Alex Morton is a talented writer who led/has led/ has been led a very interesting life. He was born in 1945 in Manchester and he was the youngest of six children. From the moment he could read, was never without a book in his hands. He was an avid reader throughout his schooldays, and he soon showed/had shown/was shown his talent for writing too. In fact, his teachers had given/gave/ give him extra assignments just to be able to read more of his work.

After he left/has left/had left school he went to Manchester University. By the time he got his BA, he already published/ was already published /had already published a number of short stories, and his first novel was almost finished. Over the next few years he wrote non-stop and each of his books was more successful than the last. Despite being so busy with his work, Alex still found/had found/ was found time for romance. He met Fiona Jones while he was at university and they were married in 1971.They have two children. He is always/has always been/ had always been a devoted husband and father.

Alex Morton has written/had written/wrote over twenty books so far and his name has been on the bestseller list more times than he can remember. However, the pinnacle of his career was when he had won/won/has won the Booker Prize for Fiction in 1995. Since then, Alex has сontinued/continues/ continued to write and many of his books have been made into films.

РАЗБОР РЕШЕНИЯ ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОГО ЗАДАНИЯ 9

Task 9. Complete the sentences with the phrases in the correct form

1 We might be able to go away this weekend, but don’t _________― I may have to work.

2 He gave up his job _______ he would find something better.

3 I hadn’t changed a tyre before but I decided to have a go and _________ .

4 A terrible injury _____ Greg’s ________ of reaching the Olympics.

5 Mike _______ getting this job. He hasn’t applied for anything else.

6 I never ______ that I would become a famous singer one day.

7 Joanne _________ going to university.

Word bank: dash one’s hopes, in the hope that, hope for the best, get one’s hopes up, give up hope, have high hopes of, pin one’s hopes on

Данное задание направлено на контроль сформированности языковых компетенций двух видов: владение лексическим материалом урока и навык грамматической трансформации подходящей по смыслу фразы в заданном лексико-грамматическом контексте. Необходимо в каждый пропуск выбрать подходящую с точки зрения лексики и грамматической сочетаемости фразу. Для этого необходимо обращать внимание на непосредственное окружение искомой фразы — наличие предлогов, союзов, артиклей, разных форм местоимения.

Так, в первом предложении необходимо обратить внимание на противительный союз but и отрицание don’t. С точки зрения лексики нам подойдет фраза get one’s hopes up- успокаиваться. Эта фраза должна быть подвергнута грамматической трансформации – one’s необходимо заменить на притяжательное местоимение your, так как в целом, предложение обращено ко 2 лицу.

Во втором предложении исходя из грамматической структуры необходимо искать конструкцию, которая свяжет 2 части сложноподчиненного предложения. Этой связкой является фраза in the hope that.

В третьем предложении также необходимо обратить внимание на противительный союз but, после которого идет объяснение, почему говорящий не поменял шину. Первая часть объяснения— I decided to have a go— прекрасно сочетается с фразой hope for the best.

В четвертом предложении необходимо найти фразу, управляющую предлогом of и имеющую в своем составе притяжательный падеж существительного или прилагательного. Кроме того, выбор фразы определяет и словосочетание terrible injury, имеющее явно отрицательную коннотацию. В данном контексте нам подойдет фраза dash one’s hopes, которую необходимо поставить в прошедшее время Past Simple, так как речь идет о факте, имевшем место в прошлом. Правильный вариант ответа: A terrible injury dashed Greg’s hopes of reaching the Olympics.

В пятом предложении необходимо подобрать фразу, управляющую герундиальным оборотом getting this job. В данном контексте нам подойдут 2 фразы: have high hopes of и pin one’s hopes on. Обе управляют герундием. Однако второе предложение контекста- He hasn’t applied for anything else- позволяет нам сделать выбор в пользу второй фразы pin one’s hopes on. Согласно словарной статье, pin one’s hopes on значит «to hope that something will solve a particular problem, or help you to get a particular thing, because it is the only thing that possibly can» . Фраза have high hopes of означает «you feel that there is a god chance that it will happen». Кроме того, выбранную фразу необходимо подвергнуть грамматической трансформации и поставить в настоящее продолженное время. Правильный ответ: Mike is pinning his hopes on getting this job. He hasn’t applied for anything else.

В шестом предложении вторая часть «I would become a famous singer one day» стоит в грамматическом времени Future-in-the-past, следовательно, по правилу согласования времен и главное предложение должно стоять в прошедшем времени. Искомая фраза- give up hope- прекрасно сочетается с наречием never. Правильный ответ- I never gave up hope that I would become a famous singer one day.

В седьмом предложении нам снова понадобится фраза, управляющая герундием. Это фраза have high hopes of означает «you feel that there is a god chance that it will happen» . Фразу необходимо подвергнуть грамматической трансформации и поставить в настоящее неопределенное время, сочетая форму глагола с лицом и числом подлежащего. Правильный вариант ответа — Joanne has high hopes of going to university.

РАЗБОР РЕШЕНИЯ ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОГО ЗАДАНИЯ 10

Task 10. Read the text and Fill in the gaps (1-6) with the phrases (A-G). There is one phrase that you do not need to use.

We want to be famous!

Ask kids in Britain what they want to be when they grow up and many will give the same reply: “I want to be famous!” That, at least, is the finding of a recent survey in the UK which suggests that the cult of the celebrity in Britain has reached such a level that traditional childhood dreams of becoming a pilot, an astronaut, or a ballerina, have been firmly replaced by the desire to become a celebrity.

Of course there is nothing new in childhood dreams of fame. Young children have always wanted to be superheroes, princesses, and rock stars. Nor, indeed, is there anything wrong with children dreaming of fame and fortune 1) ……….. ?

The problem today lies in British children’s perceptions of the accessibility of fame. The rise of a new type of celebrity in the UK — one who has achieved fame, fortune and influence without doing anything of importance — has created a generation of children 2) …………, it is something that can be got for nothing.

Reality TV shows (such as Big Brother) are partly responsible for the rise in this new genre of British celebrity. In the early 2000s, reality TV saw an explosion in popularity in the UK. Magazine covers in Britain became dominated by men and women 3) …………. . Such was the media coverage afforded to these reality TV stars that by 2007, according to one survey, one in seven UK teenagers were hoping to achieve fame by appearing on a reality TV show.

Of course, of the hundreds of thousands of people 4) …………, few actually achieve it. Teachers in Britain worry that the ease with which reality show contestants find fame fails to get this message across to children.

British teachers are also very concerned that the obsession with celebrity is affecting both children’s attitudes to study and their career aspirations. Children look at celebrities today 5) ………… . Thus, they begin to see education as unnecessary for achieving success in life.

It is very important not to fall into the trap of believing the path to fame and fortune is easy. If it was, everyone would be rich and famous! Very few people will achieve fame from appearing on reality TV, 6) ………… . Still, the good news for kids today is that regardless of whether or not they achieve fame, there are more job options open to them than ever before. Most kids can still grow up to be anything they want to be!

Phrases to fill in :

A who had achieved fame merely because they had done something memorable on reality television

B that will become famous for no particular reason

C and even fewer will achieve long-lasting fame

D since aiming high and having great dreams can push a child to succeed

E who dream of fame and fortune

F and see that they have not achieved their fame because of any accomplishment

G who believe that fame is not only easy to achieve

Данное задание проверяет уровень сформированности навыков поискового чтения, чтения с извлечением необходимой информации. Чтобы справиться с этим заданием, необходимо сначала бегло просмотреть текст и понять, о чем он. Затем необходимо внимательно прочитать каждое предложение, которое нужно восстановить, и соотнести каждый пропуск с предложенными вариантами. При подборе недостающей части предложения необходимо помнить не только о смысле, но и обращать внимание на слова-связки, союзы, предлоги, синонимичные фразы, относительные определительные предложения. После восстановления целостности текста необходимо еще раз прочитать весь текст и удостовериться, что смысл не нарушен.

Первому пропуску предшествует часть предложения Nor, indeed, is there anything wrong with children dreaming of fame and fortune 1) ……….. ?
необходимо найти такое продолжение предложения, которое бы послужило объяснением имеющейся части. С точки зрения грамматического согласования искомой частью является вариант D since aiming high and having great dreams can push a child to succeed. Союзное слово since в данном контексте переводится «так как».кроме того, идет повтор Ving формы глагола. Следовательно, правильный ответ: Nor, indeed, is there anything wrong with children dreaming of fame and fortune since aiming high and having great dreams can push a child to succeed.

Во втором предложении пропущена средняя часть: The rise of a new type of celebrity in the UK — one who has achieved fame, fortune and influence without doing anything of importance — has created a generation of children 2) …………, it is something that can be got for nothing. В этом предложении необходимо обратить внимание на фразы without doing anything of importance и got for nothing.кроме того, из структуры предложения следует, что искомой частью будет относительное определительное ограничительное предложение. Оно должно отвечать на вопрос «каких?» (поколение детей) и , следовательно, водиться относительным местоимением who. Таких вариантов 3:A, E и G.Искомым вариантом является вариант G who believe that fame is not only easy to achieve, так как после запятой происходит замена слова fame на местоимение 3 лица единственного числа it.Правильный ответ: The rise of a new type of celebrity in the UK — one who has achieved fame, fortune and influence without doing anything of importance — has created a generation of children who believe that fame is not only easy to achieve, it is something that can be got for nothing.

В третьем предложении мы также ищем относительное определительное ограничительное придаточное предложение. Magazine covers in Britain became dominated by men and women 3) ………….. При выборе из двух удовлетворяющих с грамматической точки зрения вариантов А и Е есть смысл обратить внимание на предложение, предшествующее предложению с пропуском. In the early 2000s, reality TV saw an explosion in popularity in the UK. В искомом варианте A who had achieved fame merely because they had done something memorable on reality television содержится повтор reality television. Следовательно, правильный вариант А: Magazine covers in Britain became dominated by men and women who had achieved fame merely because they had done something memorable on reality television.

В четвертом пропуске мы снова ищем определительное ограничительное придаточное предложение. Of course, of the hundreds of thousands of people 4) …………, few actually achieve it.Правильным вариантом является вариант Е, так как он удовлетворяет вышеописанным условиям, кроме того, местоимение it после запятой служит заменой существительному fortune с целью избежать повтора. Правильный вариант: Of course, of the hundreds of thousands of people who dream of fame and fortune, few actually achieve it.

В пятом предложении Children look at celebrities today 5) ………… . искомым вариантом будет вариант F and see that they have not achieved their fame because of any accomplishment, так как подлежащее children управляет двумя однородными сказуемыми children look и children see.грамматические и смысловые нормы контекста не нарушены, следовательно, правильный вариант ответа F: Children look at celebrities today and see that they have not achieved their fame because of any accomplishment.

В шестом предложении Very few people will achieve fame from appearing on reality TV, 6) ………… . правильным вариантом ответа будет вариант C and even fewer will achieve long-lasting fame, так как очевиден лексический повтор will achieve fame , который уточняется описательным определением long-lasting. Правильный вариант ответа: Very few people will achieve fame from appearing on reality TV, and even fewer will achieve long-lasting fame.

Предложение- дистрактор B, ни с точки зрения смысла, ни с точки зрения грамматической сочетаемости , лишнее.

ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ МАТЕРИАЛ

1. Do exercise 6 on page 121 (Афанасьева О.В., Дули Дж. и др. Английский в фокусе. Английский язык. 11 класс. Учебник, стр. 121 – М.: Просвещение, 2017.)
2. Do exercise 4 on page 52 ( Рабочая тетрадь к учебнику Английский в фокусе. Афанасьева О.В., Дули Дж. и др. Английский в фокусе. Английский язык. 11 класс. РТ, стр. 52 – М.: Просвещение, 2017.)

1
come across with

Англо-русский синонимический словарь > come across with

2
come across with

The robber gave the old man’s arm a twist and he at once came across with all the money he had in his pocket — Грабитель стал выкручивать старику руку, и тот моментально выложил все свои деньги

I’d like to have some wealthy relatives who would come across with a couple of thousand pounds — Я хотел бы иметь состоятельных родственников, которые могли бы раскошелиться на пару тысяч фунтов

The new dictionary of modern spoken language > come across with

3
come across with

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > come across with

4
come across with

Новый англо-русский словарь > come across with

5
I’ll make him come across with the money

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > I’ll make him come across with the money

6
come across

1. I

2) don’t worry he will come across sl. a) не беспокойся, он выложит денежки; б) не беспокойся, он выложит все, что знает

2. II

come across in some manner if you recite it that way the message of the poem will never come across если вы будете читать это стихотворение подобным образом, вы никогда не донесете до слушателя его идею; your speech came across very well ваша речь прекрасно дошла до аудитории

3. XVI

come across with smth. sl. come across with the money выложить деньги и т. д.

English-Russian dictionary of verb phrases > come across

7
come across

фраз. гл.

1) быть понятным, доходить ; быть воспринятым, понятым

2) быть воспринятым, понятым каким-л. образом, производить какое-л. впечатление, казаться

He comes across as someone who means what he says. — Кажется, он из тех, кто говорит то, что думает.

You came across as being angry, not just disappointed. — Ты выглядел рассерженным, а не просто расстроенным.

The first candidate came across really well. — Первый кандидат произвёл очень хорошее впечатление.

Syn:

3) передавать, выражать ; выражаться

I don’t always come across with consistency. — Я не всегда последовательно излагаю свои мысли.

4)

разг.

давать, отдавать ; предоставлять

He waited in silence until I came across with the truth. — Он молча ждал, пока я не расскажу правду.

Англо-русский современный словарь > come across

8
come across

Англо-русский синонимический словарь > come across

9
come across

[ʹkʌməʹkrɒs]

1. быть понятным, доходить до собеседника

your speech came across very well — ваша речь произвела большое впечатление

3. (as)

показаться, произвести какое-л. впечатление

he came across to me as a very nice person — он показался мне очень приятным человеком

4. (with)

разг. отдать требуемое, расплатиться

5.

согласиться на половую связь (

о женщине); отдаться

НБАРС > come across

10
come across

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > come across

11
come across

1)

Some day he’ll be at each one of those people’s houses and they’d better come across — Когда-нибудь он постучит в двери этих людей, и тогда им лучше уважить его просьбу

2)

You could get almost anything if you stood in with the right people and were willing to come across — Вы можете достать все, что угодно, если вы хорошо знакомы с нужными людьми и готовы дать на лапу

3)

He’d wanted to make her come across without any trickery but if trickery there had to be, he was the man for it — Он хотел уговорить ее отдаться ему без всяких там уловок, но если бы потребовались уловки, он как раз был способен и на это

At last she came across and ever since she comes across any time he asks her — Наконец, она ему дала и с тех пор дает каждый раз, когда он попросит

The new dictionary of modern spoken language > come across

12
come

1) приходи́ть, подходи́ть;

2) прибыва́ть; приезжа́ть;

3) случа́ться, происходи́ть, быва́ть;

how did it come that…? как э́то случи́лось, что…?

;

4) де́латься, станови́ться;

а) не хвати́ть;

б) не дости́гнуть це́ли;

в) не оправда́ть ожида́ний

5) вести́ своё происхожде́ние; происходи́ть;

6) доходи́ть, достига́ть; равня́ться;

7) выпада́ть (на чью-л. долю); достава́ться (кому-л.);

дости́чь орга́зма, ко́нчить

9) в повелительном наклонении восклицание, означающее приглашение, побуждение или лёгкий упрёк:

come, tell me all you know about it ну, расскажи́те же всё, что вы об э́том зна́ете

;

come, come, be not so hasty! подожди́те, подожди́те, не торопи́тесь!

10) в сочетании с причастием настоящего времени передаёт возникновение действия, выраженного причастием:

а) происходи́ть, случа́ться;

б) меня́ть направле́ние ( о ветре);

come across (случа́йно) встре́титься с кем-л.; натолкну́ться на что-л.;

а) признава́йся!;

б) раскоше́ливайся!;

а) сле́довать;

б) насле́довать;

в) пресле́довать;

б)

imp.

повтори́те (что вы сказали?);

а) соглаша́ться;

б) идти́, сопровожда́ть;

come apart, come asunder распада́ться на ча́сти;

а) получи́ть до́ступ к чему-л., доби́ться чего-л.;

б) напада́ть, набра́сываться; добра́ться до кого-л.;

а) отла́мываться;

б) уходи́ть;

а) возвраща́ться;

б) всплыва́ть в па́мяти, вспомина́ться;

в) очну́ться, прийти́ в себя́;

г) вновь станови́ться популя́рным или мо́дным;

д) отвеча́ть тем же са́мым, отплати́ть той же моне́той;

а) предста́ть пе́ред ( судом

и т.п.

);

б) предше́ствовать;

в) превосходи́ть;

а) проходи́ть ми́мо;

б) достава́ть, приобрета́ть;

а) па́дать (о снеге, дожде);

б) спуска́ться; опуска́ться;

в) дегради́ровать;

г) переходи́ть по тради́ции;

е) набра́сываться (upon, on — на); брани́ть, нака́зывать (upon, on — кого-л.);

з)

разг. разг.

заболе́ть ( with — чем-л.);

к) спада́ть, ниспада́ть;

а) заходи́ть за;

б) напада́ть на;

а) выходи́ть вперёд; выдвига́ться;

б) отклика́ться;

в) предлага́ть свои́ услу́ги;

а) входи́ть;

б)

спорт.

прийти́ к фи́нишу;

в) входи́ть в мо́ду;

г) оказа́ться поле́зным, пригоди́ться (

тж.

come useful);

е) нача́ть трансля́цию;

ж) вступа́ть ( в должность); приходи́ть к вла́сти;

и) прибыва́ть (о поезде, пароходе);

come in for подверга́ться (критике, обвинению);

а) вступа́ть в;

б) получа́ть в насле́дство;

в):

а)

разг.

име́ть успе́х; удава́ться, проходи́ть с успе́хом;

б) отде́лываться;

в) происходи́ть, име́ть ме́сто;

г) сходи́ть, слеза́ть;

е) удаля́ться;

а) приближа́ться;

б) наступа́ть, напада́ть;

в) расти́;

е) рассма́триваться ( в суде);

ж):

з) натыка́ться, наска́кивать; поража́ть ( о болезни);

а) обнару́живаться; проявля́ться;

в) вы́ступить ( with — с заявлением, разоблачением);

г) призна́ть себя́ гомосексуали́стом;

д) забастова́ть;

ж) дебюти́ровать (на сцене, в обществе);

а) переезжа́ть; приезжа́ть;

б) переходи́ть на другу́ю сто́рону;

в) охвати́ть, овладе́ть;

г)

разг.

перехитри́ть, обойти́;

а) заходи́ть ненадо́лго; загляну́ть;

б) приходи́ть в себя́ (после обморока, болезни);

в) меня́ть своё мне́ние, соглаша́ться с чьей-л. то́чкой зре́ния;

г) объе́хать, обойти́ круго́м;

д) изменя́ться к лу́чшему;

е) возвраща́ться ( к теме

и т.п.

);

б) вы́путаться из неприя́тного положе́ния;

в) проходи́ть внутрь, проника́ть;

б)

мор.

станови́ться на я́корь;

в) наконе́ц-то поумне́ть;

г) доходи́ть до;

д) сто́ить, равня́ться;

а) объедини́ться, собра́ться вме́сте;

а) поднима́ться;

б) достига́ть (богатства, положения в обществе);

д) доходи́ть (to);

е) достига́ть у́ровня, сра́вниваться (to);

ж) приезжа́ть (из провинции в большой город, университет

и т.п.

);

з) нагоня́ть ( with — кого-л.);

а) натолкну́ться, напа́сть неожи́данно;

б) предъяви́ть тре́бование;

в) лечь бре́менем на чьи-л. пле́чи

◊

to come to bat амер. столкну́ться с тру́дной пробле́мой, тяжёлым испыта́нием

;

to come easy to smb. не представля́ть тру́дностей для кого́-л.

;

Англо-русский словарь Мюллера > come

13
come

1. I

1) coming! иду!; come and have supper with us приходите к нам поужинать и т. д.’, people come and go люди приходят и уходят; let’ em all come! пусть они все приезжают!; has anybody come? кто-нибудь приходил?; the саг has come машина пришла

3) help came пришла /подоспела/ помощь и т. д.

4) day came день и т. д. наступил; old age came подошла старость; when the time came когда пришло /подошло/ время; crisis came наступил кризис; after many years had come and gone no прошествии многих лет; in days to come в будущем, в грядущие годы; in the life to come в дальнейшей жизни; he will stay here for some.time to come он пробудет здесь еще некоторое время и т. д.’, his troubles are yet to come неприятности у него еще впереди, ему еще предстоят неприятности; be ready for whatever comes будьте готовы ко всему, что может случиться

5) his teeth begin to come у него начинают появляться /прорезаться/ зубы; his colour came and went он то краснел, то бледнел; the pain comes and goes боль то появляется, то исчезает; the light comes and goes свет то загорается, то гаснет

2. II

1) come in some manner come reluctantly неохотно и т. д. приходить /подходить/; come он foot прийти пешком; they came one by one они шли по одному и т. д.; come at some time comeevery day приходить каждый день и т. д., you go on, I’m just coming вы идите, я сейчас приду; he has not come yet? он еще не пришел /не приехал/?; who is coming today? кто сегодня приезжает?; come and see me tomorrow приходите ко мне завтра [повидаться]; come somewhere come home приходить домой и т. д.; are you coming my way? вам со мной по пути?; come in! войдите!; come out выходить; come up подняться [наверх]; I’m still in bed, can you come up? я еще [лежу] в постели, вы не могли бы подняться ко мне?; come down сойти /спуститься/ [вниз]; come back прийти назад /обратно/, вернуться; this fashion has come back эта мода и т. д. вернулась [снова]; come away отходить [прочь]; you’re too near the stove, come away ты стоишь слишком близко к плите, отойди подальше: come nearer подойдите поближе; come forward выступать вперед; several members of our group came forward a) несколько членов нашей группы выступили /вышли/ вперед; б) из нашей группы вызвалось несколько добровольцев; come by /past/ проходить мимо; did you see anyone come by? тут никто не проходил?

3. III

2) come smb. coll. come the grand dame напускать на себя вид светской дамы и т. д.

4. X

1) come to be in some state he came [back] refreshed in mind and body он вернулся отдохнувшим душой и телом и т. д.

2) 0 come undone /untied/ развязаться; come unstitched / unsown/ распороться, разойтись по шву; come unstuck отклеиться

5. XIII

1) come to do smth. come to borrow a dictionary прийти [, чтобы] взять на время словарь и т. д.

2) come to do smth. I came to believe that я стал /начал/ верить этому и т. д.; he came to see the problem in a new light он теперь видит эту проблему в новом свете; now I came to know him better… теперь, когда я узнал его лучше…; when I come to die… когда настанет мой смертный час…; how did you come to hear of it ? как случилось, что вы узнали об этом и т. д.?; now that I come to think of it he is right подумав об этом еще раз /обдумав этот вопрос/, я понял, что он прав; come to be done the streets have come to be used as motor parks

/пропущено/

come to be smb. he came to be a famous man он стал знаменитым и т. д.; come to be in some state how does the door come to be open? почему открыта дверь?

6. XIV

come doing smth. he came running он прибежал /примчался/; she came laughing она пришла или вошла смеясь /со смехом/; the sunshine came streaming in through the windows солнечные лучи, проникавшие через окно, заливали комнату; the rain came pouring down дождь лил как из ведра; the train came puffing into the station поезд пыхтя подошел к станции

7. XV

||1)

come first приходить первым и т. д.

2)

come to be in some state come loose ослабнуть, расшататься; come apart /asunder/ развалиться на части, распасться; things will come right coll. все будет в порядке; come true сбываться; come alive оживать; good clothes come high /expensive/ хорошие вещи стоят дорого; it comes cheaper if you buy things in bulk если покупать оптом, выходит дешевле; rising early comes easy with practice если привык рано вставать, то это совсем нетрудно; it comes natural to some people у некоторых людей это получается без всякого труда; come clean sl. «расколоться», все рассказать

8. XVI

1) come into some place come Into a room войти в комнату: come into the garden выйти в сад; the train came into the station поезд подошел к станции; come out of a room выходить из комнаты и т. д., come to a river подходить /приходить/ к реке и т. д.’, come from another country приехать из другой страны и т. д.’, come down from a tree спуститься с дерева; come down to this level опуститься до этого уровня и т. д.; come by the house пройти /проехать/ мимо дома и т. д.; come through his clothes проникать сквозь /через/ одежду и т. д.; come with smb. I’m coming with you я иду с вами; come with me a little way пройдемте немного со мной; will you come with me to India? вы поедете со мной в Индию?; come after smb. come after his sister идти /приходить/ вслед за его сестрой; come for /after/ smth., smb. come for one’s book приходить за своей книгой и т. д.; they came after my passport они пришли за моим паспортом; come in smth. come in groups приходить группами и т. д.: come by smth. come by саг приезжать машиной /на машине/ и т. д.; come

2) come on smth. there came a knock on the door послышался стук в дверь, в дверь постучали

3) come for smth. come for advice приходить /обращаться/ за советом и т. д.; come to smb. why didn’t you come to me? почему вы не пришли /не обратились/ ко мне?; you came to the wrong person вы пришли / обратились/ не к тому человеку; come before smb., smth. come before a judge представать перед судьей и т. д.; the matter came before the international court это дело разбиралось в международном арбитраже и т. д.

4) come to smb. love came to him к нему пришла /его посетила/ любовь и т. д.; everything comes to him who waits все приходит к тому, кто умеет ждать; come upon smb. a disaster came upon them у них произошло /их постигло/ несчастье и т. д., fear came upon me меня охватил страх; come over smb. what has come over him? что на него нашло?; а fit of dizziness came over me мне стало нехорошо, у меня закружилась голова; а change has come over him он изменился; come into smth. an idea came into my head /into my mind, across my mind/ мне в голову пришла идея и т. д.; come upon smb. it came upon me that… я вдруг понял /подумал/, что…; the answer came to him вдруг он понял, как надо ответить

5) come after smth., smb. spring comes after winter после зимы приходит /наступает/ весна и т.д.; historians that came after him историки и т. д., жившие после него; generations that came before him предшествующие поколения и т. д.; come in smth. that poem comes on the next page это стихотворение дано на следующей странице; her aria comes in the 3d act ее ария будет в третьем акте; snow comes in winter снег выпадает зимой; new leaves came in spring весной появились свежие листочки; come into smth. a look of perplexity came into his face выражение недоумения появилось у него на лице; а smile came to his lips он улыбнулся; tears came in her eyes на.ее глаза навернулись слезы; come to the surface всплывать, подниматься на поверхность; come into sight появиться в поле зрения; come into the world появиться на свет; come between smb. he came between them он и т. д. встал между ними; а misunderstanding came between them между ними возникло недоразумение; enmity came between them они стали врагами

6) come to smth. come to this question перейти к этому вопросу и т.д., come near smth. come near perfection приближаться к совершенству; I cannot come near that painter я не могу сравниться с этим художником, мне до этого художника очень далеко

7) come to smth. come to one’s knees

доходить до колен и т. д., the forest comes right to the lake лес подходит к самому озеру

semiaux come into smth. come into blossom /into flower/ зацвести; come into leaf одеться листвой; trees came into bud на деревьях набухли почки

9) come to smth. come to an understanding достигнуть понимания и т. д.; come to an end закончиться; come to the end of one’s money /of one’s resources/ исчерпать свои ресурсы; our talks came to a standstill наши переговоры зашли в тупик; the boys came to blows у мальчишек дело дошло до драки

10) semiaux come to smth. come to L 6 равняться шести фунтам и т. д.; исчисляться шестью фунтами и т.д; how much does it come to? a) сколько это будет стоить?; б) чему это равняется?; duty comes to more than this thing is worth пошлина превышает стоимость самой вещи; what he knows does not come to much его знания /сведения/ немногого стоят; come to the same thing сводиться к тому же самому; all his efforts came to naught /to nothing/ из его стараний и т. д. ничего не вышло; if it comes to that если дело дойдет до этого; what are things coming to? к чему все идет?

11) come to smth. this law will soon come into force /into effect/ этот закон вскоре вступит в силу; come to the throne занять престол; come to power прийти к власти; come into fashion входить в моду ; these two tendencies came into conflict эти две тенденции вступили в противоречие; he came to life он пришел в себя /ожил/ the conflict came to a boil конфликт назрел; when all the facts came to light когда стали известны /выяснились/ все факты; it came to my notice /to my ears, to my knowledge мне стало известно об этом; they will come to no harm с ними ничего не случится; he will come to a bad end /to no good, to grief/ он плохо кончит; come of age достичь совершеннолетия

12) come of /from, out of/ smth. this comes of carelessness вот что получается в результате небрежности и т. д., вот к чему приводит небрежность и т. д.’, what came of it? что из этого вышло?; nothing came of the matter ничего из этого дела не получилось; nothing came out of all this talk эти разговоры ничего не дали; success often comes from hard work успех нередко достигается упорным трудом

13) come through smth. come. through trials пройти через испытания и т.д., come through two world wars пережить две мировые войны

14) come upon /across/ smb., smth. come upon /across/ one’s friend случайно встретить друга и т. д, I have just come upon him я только что [случайно] столкнулся с ним и т. д.; come upon the right answer натолкнуться на /случайно найти/ правильный ответ и т. д, I came across this in a curio shop мне случайно попалась эта вещь в антикварном магазине и т. д.; wandering through these valleys you will come across rare minerals, plants and butterflies бродя по этим долинам, можно отыскать /найти/ редкие минералы, растения и бабочек

15) come at smb. he came at these people он бросился на этих людей и т. д; just let me come at you! дай мне только добраться до тебя!

16) come into smth. come into a property получить /приобрести/ собственность и т. д.’, come into favour войти в милость, заслужить благосклонность

17) come under smth. come under another heading подходить под другую рубрику и т. д, what regulations does this come under? в каких правилах это предусмотрено?; come within smth. come within my duties входить в мои обязанности и т. д.’, come before smth. counts come before baronets титул графа и барона выше титула баронета

18) come in smth. come in several sizes быть разных размеров и т. д.; these things come in tubes такие товары продаются в тюбиках и т. д.

19) come from /of/ smb., smth. he comes from a good family он [происходит] из хорошей семьи и т. д., he comes from my native place он [родом] из наших мест и т. д., where do you come from? откуда вы родом?; this word comes from Latin это слово латинского происхождения /пришло из латыни/; this quotation comes from Pushkin это цитата из Пушкина; the money came to him from his father он получил деньги от отца и т. д.; wine comes from grapes вино делают из винограда; coffee comes from Brazil кофе импортируют из Бразилии; much of the Iamb eaten in England comes from New Zealand большая часть баранины, потребляемой в Англии, ввозится из Новой Зеландии

20) come from smth., smb. a sob came from her throat у нее вырвалось рыдание; no word came from him он никак не давал о себе знать; everything that comes from him is evil от него исходит только дурное

9. XVII

1) come to doing smth. when it comes to making a decision если придется решать и т. д.; he came near to leaving her он чуть было не бросил ее и т. д.

2) come of doing smth. this is what comes of losing hope вот что получается, когда человек теряет надежду и т. д; what came of all your careful planning? что вышло из всех ваших точных расчетов?; come of being in some state it comes of being careless это происходит из-за небрежности и т. д.’, come of being of some quality this comes of being so shy это является результатом робости и т. д.

10. XXI1

11. XXV

1) come when… time will come when… настанет время, когда… || come what may будь, что будет

2) come that… how does it come that you quarreled ? как случилось, что вы поссорились и т. д.?

12. XXVII2

come into smth. that… it came into my head that мне пришло в голову, что…; it came to my hearing that… до меня дошло, что…; if it comes to that why don’t you tell him yourself? раз такие дело или если на то пошло, почему ты сам ему не скажешь?

English-Russian dictionary of verb phrases > come

14
come

kʌm гл.
1) а) подходить, приходить;
представать, представляться Yonder comes a knight. ≈ Вон подходит рыцарь. Godfather, come and see your boy. ≈ Крестный отец, подойдите же и посмотрите на вашего мальчика. come before the Court Syn: arrive, gain, reach, approach Ant: go, leave б) прибывать, приезжать;
преодолевать( какое-л. расстояние) We have come many miles by train. ≈ Мы приехали на поезде издалека. Syn: arrive, gain, reach Ant: leave ∙ come one’s way come one’s ways come into the world come day go day let’em all come! ≈ будь что будет! мы не боимся! (формула, выражающая бесстрашие перед лицом противных обстоятельств)
2) достигать какой-л. конечной, предельной точки а) делаться, становиться — come short б) доходить, достигать ( какого-л. значения какой-л. величины), равняться, составлять;
простираться( до какого-л. предела, границы) The bill comes to 357 pounds. ≈ Счет составляет 357 фунтов. Does the railway come near the town? ≈ Насколько близко к городу железная дорога? Syn: reach в) приходить в соприкосновение с чем-л., вступать в связь с чем-л., (обычно с указанием, с чем именно) The carbines will come into play. ≈ В игру вступят карабины. She came into collision with a steamer. ≈ Она столкнулась с пароходом. г) наступать, случаться, происходить (может прямо не переводиться) A compromise was come to. ≈ Был достигнут компромисс. All her masts came immediately by the board. ≈ Мгновенно все мачты оказались за бортом. come to an end Syn: happen, occur come what may ≈ будь, что будет д) появляться, проявляться( о различных объектах) ;
прорастать( о семенах вообще, но в частности о зерне в процессе пивоварения) This word comes on the page
200. ≈ Это слово встречается на странице
200. He sowed turnips, but none of them came. ≈ Он посадил репу, но она не выросла. е) сл. испытывать оргазм, «кончать» (иногда в сочетании с off) ж) выпадать, доставаться кому-л. (о вещи, доле и т.п.) ;
передаваться по наследству, по договору и т.п. Stanbury belongs to us. It came through my mother. ≈ Стенбери принадлежит нам. Мы получили его в наследство от моей матери. have it coming to one з) получаться, выходить;
подходить, достигать состояния готовности (о сыре, масле и т.д.) He repainted the figure, but it wouldn’t come well. ≈ Он заново нарисовал фигуру, но она никак не хотела выйти хорошо.
3) происходить, истекать ((из какого-л. источника;
также о роде)) ;
следовать, вытекать( как следствие из причины) Words which come originally from the Latin. ≈ Слова, изначально пришедшие из латыни. I came from a race of fishers. ≈ Я из рыбацкого рода. No good could come of it. ≈ Из этого не выйдет ничего хорошего.
4) поставляться (обычно в каком-л. виде, о товарах) The car comes with or without the rear wing. ≈ Машина поставляется в двух модификациях — с задним антикрылом и без заднего антикрыла.
5) в повелительном наклонении: восклицание, означающее а) приглашение, побуждение или легкий упрек, т.е. ну, давай, вперед и т.д. б) просьбу быть аккуратнее, осторожнее, т.е. стой, погоди и т.п.
6) в сочетании с причастием настоящего времени: появляться, происходить, начинать происходить, сопровождаясь действием или характеристикой, выраженной указанным причастием The fog came pouring in at every chink and keyhole. ≈ Изо всех щелей и замочных скважин полился туман. ∙ come about come across come across as come after come again come along come amiss come apart come around come around to come asunder come at come away come away with come back come back to come before come between come by come clean come close to come down come down on come down to come down to brass tacks come down to brass nails come down with come first come for come forward come from come home come home to come in come in for come in on come into come near come next come of come off come on come out come out against come out at come out for come out from come out in come out of come over come round come short of come through come to come together come under come up come up against come up for come up to come up with come upon come within come on! ≈ живей!;
продолжайте!;
идем (тж. как формула вызова) to come out with one’s life ≈ остаться в живых, уцелеть (после боя и т. п.) (which is) to come ≈ грядущий;
будущий pleasure to come ≈ предвкушаемое удовольствие light come light go ≈ что досталось легко, быстро исчезает to come down to brass tacks ≈ говорить о фактах to come down to earth ≈ спуститься с небес на землю to come when one’s ship comes ≈ когда кто-л. станет богатым to come in on the ground floor ≈ начать дело с нуля to come out of the blue ≈ неожиданно появляться, наступать to come out of one’s shell ≈ выйти из своей скорлупы to come easy to ≈ не представлять трудностей для( кого-л.) to come to harm ≈ пострадать to come in useful ≈ прийтись кстати to come natural ≈ быть естественным things to come ≈ грядущее in days to come ≈ в будущем to come to the book ≈ приносить присягу перед исполнением обязанностей судьи to come it strong ≈ действовать энергично to come it too strong ≈ перестараться to come apart at the seams ≈ потерять самообладание, выдержку to come of age ≈ достигать совершеннолетия — come to bat — come to pass to come to stay
приходить;
идти;
— to * to the office приходить на службу;
— to * home приходить домой;
— to * down спускаться, опускаться;
— please ask him to * down пожалуйста, попросите его сойти вниз;
— the curtain came down занавес опустился;
— to * up подниматься, идти вверх;
— I saw him coming up the hill я видел, как он поднимался в гору;
— the diver came up at last наконец водолаз появился на поверхности;
— the curtain came up занавес поднялся;
— to * along the street идти по улице;
— I saw him coming along the road я видел, как он шел по дороге;
— to * by проходить мимо;
— I will wait here until he *s by я буду ждать здесь, пока он не пройдет (мимо) ;
— to * forward выходить вперед, выступить( из рядов) ;
— volunteers, * forward добровольцы, вперед!;
— to * in входить;
— ask him to * in попросите его войти;
— to * into a room входить в комнату;
— to * out выходить;
— when he came out it was dark когда он вышел( из дома), было уже темно;
— the moon has * out взошла луна;
— to * out of one’s shell выйти из своей скорлупы;
— to * back вернуться, прийти назад;
— he will * back он возвратится;
— to * late приходить поздно;
— to * to smb. for advice прийти к кому-л за советом;
— he often *s to see me он часто навещает меня;
— * and see what I have found приходите посмотреть, что я нашел приезжать, прибывать;
— the train *s at three o’clock поезд прибывает в три часа;
— he came to London last night он приехал в Лондон вчера вечером;
— he has * a long way он приехал издалека идти;
ехать;
— I’m coming with you я иду с вами;
— *! пошли!, идем!;
— coming! иду!, сечас!;
— are you coming my way? вам со мной по пути? — to * past проходить мимо;
— a number of people came past мимо прошло много народу;
— the soldier had orders not to let anybody * past солдат получил приказ никого не пропускать;
— to * and go ходить взад и вперед;
— we have * many miles мы проехали много миль проходить, приближаться;
— the girl started when he came hear девочка вздрогнула, когда он приблизился;
— I now * to the third point теперь я перехожу к третьему вопросу доходить, достигать;
— the forest came to the very bank лес доходил до самого берега;
— does the railway * right to the town? подходит ли железнодорожная линия к самому городу?;
— his voice came to me through the mist его голос доносился до меня сквозь туман;
— through the open window came the sounds of a piano из открытого окна раздавались звуки рояля;
— it came to me that… до меня дошло, что…, мне стало известно, что…;
— it came to me at last that… наконец до моего сознания дошло, что… равняться, достигать;
— your bill *s to $10 ваш счет равняется десяти долларам;
— his earnings * to $1,000 a year его заработок составляет тысячу долларов в год;
— let us put it all together and see what it will * to давайте сложим все это и посмотрим, что получится сводиться( к чему-л) ;
— it all *s to the same thing все это сводится к одному и тому же;
— what he knows does not * to much его знания невелики;
— to * to nothing окончиться ничем, свестись к нулю;
сойти на нет прийти (к чему-л) ;
достичь( чего-л) ;
— to * to an understanding прийти к соглашению, договориться;
— to * to a decision принять решение;
— to * to an end прийти к концу, окончиться наступать, приходить;
— spring came пришла весна;
— a crisis is coming приближается кризис;
— his turn came наступила его очередь, настал его черед;
— ill luck came to me меня постигла неудача;
— dinner came at last наконец подали обед;
— success is yet to * успех еще впереди ожидаться, предстоять;
— the time to * будущее;
— the years to * грядущие годы;
— the life to * будущая жизнь;
— orders to * предстоящие заказы;
— for three months to * в течение трех следующих месяцев появляться, возникать;
— an idea came into his head ему пришла в голову мысль, у него возникла идея;
— inspiration came to him на него нашло вдохновение;
— it came to me у меня появилась мысль;
я припомнил;
— it *s to me that I owe you money я припоминаю, что я вам должен;
— his colour came and went он то краснел, то бледнел — he tried to speak but no word would * from his mouth он хотел что-то сказать, но не мог вымолвить ни слова находиться;
— on what page does it *? на какой это странице? случаться;
происходить;
проистекать;
— this *s from disobedience это происходит от непослушания;
— how did it * that you quarrelled? как это вы поссорились? — no harm will * to you с тобой ничего не случится;
тебе ничего не грозит;
— be ready for whatever *s будь готов ко всему;
— * what may будь что будет выходить, получаться, приводить;
— to * to good дать хороший результат;
— to * to no good плохо кончить;
— to * to harm пострадать;
попасть в беду, неприятность;
— it will * all right in the end в конце концов все будет в порядке;
— nothing came of the matter из этого дела ничего не вышло;
no good will * of it ничего хорошего из этого не получиться, это до добра не доведет;
— a dream that came true сбывшаяся мечна;
— the dress would not * as she wanted платье получилось не таким, как ей хотелось;
— her jelly won’t * желе у нее не застывало;
— the butter came very quickly todey сегодня масло сбилось очень быстро происходить, иметь происхождение;
— this word *s from Latin это слово латинского происхождения;
— this book *s from his library эта книга из его библиотеки;
— he *s from London он родом из Лондона;
— she *s from a well-known family она происходит из известной семьи доставаться;
— the house is coming to his son after his death после его смерти дом достанется сыну прорастать, всходить, расти;
— the corn *s пшеница всходит;
— the barley had * remarkably well ячмень дал отличные всходы (американизм) (разговорное) устроить, сделать( что-л) ;
— to * a trick over one’s pal сыграть плохую шутку со своим другом( разговорное) испытать оргазм, кончить (тж. * on, * now) в грам. знач. междометия выражает: побуждение к совершению какого-л. действия: ну!, живо!, давай!;
— * out with it, boy ну, парень, выкладывай упрек, протест: ну что вы!;
— what? He here! Oh! *, *! как? Он здесь?! Да оставьте вы! увещевание: полно!, ну, ну!;
— *, *, you shouldn’t speak like that! ну полно, вы не должны так говорить!;
— now *! be patient! ну потерпите;
имей термение;
— *, *, don’t be so foolish! ну, ну, не дури! в грам. знач. предлога: (если) считать, считая с (такого-то дня) ;
— a fortnight * Sunday через две недели (считая) со следующего воскресенья;
— it’ll be a year * Monday since he left в будущий понедельник год, как он уехал становиться (известным) ;
приобретать (положение) ;
— to * into notice привлечь внимание;
— author who is beginning to * into notice автор, который начинает завоевывать известность;
— to * into the public eye привлечь к себе внимание общественности;
— to * into prominence стать известным вступать (во владение) ;
получить( в наследство) ;
— he came into some money он получил в наследство немного денег;
— he came into an inheritance он получил наследство вступать (в должность) ;
— to * into office вступить в должность;
прийти к власти;
— he came into power он пришел к власти вступать (в конфликт, в сговор) ;
— to * into conflict вступить в конфликт;
— to * into collision столкнуться, войти в противоречие переходить (в другую фазу) — to * into flower расцвести, выходить в цветок;
вступать в пору цветения;
— to * into ear колоситься, выходить в колос войти (в употребление, обиход) ;
— to * into use войти в употребление;
— to * into disuse выйти из употребления вступить (в силу) ;
— to * into effect вступать в силу;
— to * into operation начать действовать или применяться;
вступать в силу входить (в компетенцию, обязанности) ;
— to * within the terms of reference относиться к ведению;
— that doesn’t * within my duties это не входит в мои обязанности быть, являться — to * natural быть естественным;
— to * easy не представлять трудностей;
— it came as a surprise это явилось полной неожиданностью;
— it will * very cheap to you это обойдется вам очень дешево выпускаться;
продаваться — they * in all shapes они бывают всех видов, они бывают разные;
— the dress *s in three sizes имеются три размера этого платься;
— this soup comes in a can этот суп продается в жестяных банках в сочетании с последующим причастием настоящего времени называет действие, выраженное причастием;
— he came riding он приехал верхом;
— he came galloping он прискакал галопом;
— he came running он прибежал;
— the rain came pouring полил дождь > to * home попасть в цель;
попасть не в бровь, а в глаз;
задеть за живое;
> to * home to smb. доходить до чьего-л сознания;
растрогать кого-л до глубины души, найти отклик в чьей-л душе;
> to * short of smth. испытывать недостаток в чем-л;
не хватать;
не соответствовать;
не опревдать ожиданий, надежд > her money came short of her expenditure ей не хватило денег на расходы;
> this *s short of accepted standards это не соответствует принятым нормам;
> to * to a head созреть( о нарыве) ;
назреть, перейти в решающую стадию;
> to * to light обнаружиться, стать известным;
> to * in sight появиться, показаться;
> oh, * off it! (американизм) (грубое) заткнись!, перестань трепаться!;
перестань!, хватит!, прекрати!;
> off your perch /your high horse/! не зазнавайтесь!, не задирайте нос!;
> * off the grass! не вмешивайтесь не в свои дела!;
брось задаваться!;
брось преувеличивать!;
не ври!;
> to * out of action( военное) выйти из боя;
выйти из строя;
> * out of that! перестань вмешиваться!, не суйся!, не лезь!;
> to * a long way преуспеть > to * the old soldier over smb. поучать кого-л, командовать кем-л;
обманывать, надувать кого-л;
> * quick! (радиотехника) сигнал общего вызова;
> to * one’s way выпасть на чью-л долю;
> to * to the point говорить по существу дела;
делать стойку (о собаке) ;
> to * into play начать действовать;
быть полезным, пригодиться;
> to * it strong (сленг) зайти слишком далеко;
хватить через край;
действовать решительно, быть напористым;
> that is coming it a little too strong это уж слишком!;
> not to know whether one is coming or going растеряться, потерять голову;
не знать, на каком ты свете;
> * day, go day день да ночь — сутки прочь;
> it’s * day, go day with him ему ни до чего нет дела;
день прожил — и ладно;
> everything *s him who waits кто ждет, тот дождется;
терпение и труд все перетрут;
> after dinner *s the reckoning поел — плати!;
любишь кататься — люби и саночки возить;
> he who *s uncalled, sits unserved пришел без приглашения — не жди угощения
~ off иметь успех;
удаваться, проходить с успехом;
all came off satisfactorily все сошло благополучно;
to come off with honour выйти с честью
~, ~, be not so hasty! подождите, подождите, не торопитесь!
~ доходить, достигать;
равняться;
the bill comes to 500 roubles счет составляет 500 рублей
~ в сочетании с причастием настоящего времени передает возникновение действия, выраженного причастием: the boy came running into the room мальчик вбежал в комнату
~ делаться, становиться;
things will come right все обойдется, все будет хорошо;
my dreams came true мои мечты сбылись;
butter will not come масло никак не сбивается
come в повелительном наклонении восклицание, означающее приглашение, побуждение или легкий упрек: come, tell me all you know about it ну, расскажите же все, что вы об этом знаете come в повелительном наклонении восклицание, означающее приглашение, побуждение или легкий упрек: come, tell me all you know about it ну, расскажите же все, что вы об этом знаете ~ в сочетании с причастием настоящего времени передает возникновение действия, выраженного причастием: the boy came running into the room мальчик вбежал в комнату ~ вести свое происхождение;
происходить;
he comes from London он уроженец Лондона;
he comes of a working family он из рабочей семьи;
that comes from your carelessness все это от твоей небрежности ~ выпадать (на чью-л. долю) ;
доставаться (кому-л.) ;
it came on my head это свалилось мне на голову;
ill luck came to me меня постигла неудача ~ делаться, становиться;
things will come right все обойдется, все будет хорошо;
my dreams came true мои мечты сбылись;
butter will not come масло никак не сбивается ~ доходить, достигать;
равняться;
the bill comes to 500 roubles счет составляет 500 рублей ~, ~, be not so hasty! подождите, подождите, не торопитесь! ~, ~, be not so hasty! подождите, подождите, не торопитесь! ~ прибывать;
приезжать;
she has just come from London она только что приехала из Лондона ~ (came;
~) приходить, подходить;
help came in the middle of the battle в разгар боя подошла помощь;
one shot came after another выстрелы следовали один за другим ~ случаться, происходить, бывать;
how did it come that..? как это случилось, что..? how comes it? почему это получается?, как это выходит?;
come what may будь, что будет ~ down разг. come раскошелиться;
come down with your money! раскошеливайтесь!
~ about менять направление( о ветре) ;
come across (случайно) встретиться (с кем-л.) ;
натолкнуться( на что-л.) ~ about происходить, случаться
~ about менять направление( о ветре) ;
come across (случайно) встретиться (с кем-л.) ;
натолкнуться (на что-л.) ~ across! разг. признавайся! ~ across! разг. раскошеливайся!
~ after искать, домогаться ~ after наследовать;
come again возвращаться ~ after следовать
~ after наследовать;
come again возвращаться
~ apart, ~ asunder распадаться на части
~ apart, ~ asunder распадаться на части
~ at нападать, набрасываться;
добраться( до кого-л.) ;
just let me come at him дайте мне только добраться до него ~ at получить доступ( к чему-л.), добиться( чего-л.) ;
how did you come at the information? как вы это узнали?
~ away отламываться;
the handle came away in my hand ручка отломилась и осталась у меня в руках ~ away уходить
~ back возвращаться ~ back вспоминаться ~ back спорт. обрести прежнюю форму ~ back отвечать тем же самым, отплатить той же монетой ~ back спорт. отставать ~ back очнуться, прийти в себя
~ before превосходить ~ before предшествовать
to ~ before the Court предстать перед судом
~ by доставать, достигать ~ by амер. заходить ~ by проходить мимо
~ down быть поваленным (о дереве) ~ down быть разрушенным (о постройке) ~ down деградировать;
to come down in the world потерять состояние, положение;
опуститься ~ down амер, разг. заболеть( with — чем-л.) ~ down набрасываться (upon, on — на) ;
бранить, наказывать( upon, on — кого-л.) ~ down падать (о снеге, дожде) ~ down переходить по традиции ~ down приходить, приезжать ~ down разг. come раскошелиться;
come down with your money! раскошеливайтесь! ~ down спадать, ниспадать ~ down спускаться;
опускаться down: ~ вниз;
to climb down слезать;
to come down спускаться;
to flow down стекать to come (или to drop) ~ (on smb.) набрасываться (на кого-л.), бранить (кого-л.)
~ down деградировать;
to come down in the world потерять состояние, положение;
опуститься world: so goes (или wags) the ~ такова жизнь;
to come down in the world опуститься, утратить былое положение
~ down разг. come раскошелиться;
come down with your money! раскошеливайтесь!
~ for заходить за ~ for нападать на
~ forward выходить вперед;
выдвигаться ~ forward откликаться ~ forward предлагать свои услуги
~ in вступать (в должность) ;
приходить к власти ~ in входить ~ in входить в моду ~ in амер. жеребиться, телиться ~ in оказаться полезным, пригодиться (тж. come in useful) ;
where do I come in? разг. чем я могу быть полезен?;
какое это имеет ко мне отношение? ~ in прибывать (о поезде, пароходе) ~ in спорт. прийти к финишу;
to come in first победить, прийти первым;
come in for получить (что-л.) (напр., свою долю и т. п.) ~ in созревать
~ in спорт. прийти к финишу;
to come in first победить, прийти первым;
come in for получить (что-л.) (напр., свою долю и т. п.)
~ in спорт. прийти к финишу;
to come in first победить, прийти первым;
come in for получить (что-л.) (напр., свою долю и т. п.)
~ into вступать в ~ into получать в наследство
to ~ into being( или existence) возникать;
to come into the world родиться;
to come into force вступать в силу;
to come into notice привлечь внимание
to ~ into being (или existence) возникать;
to come into the world родиться;
to come into force вступать в силу;
to come into notice привлечь внимание force: ~ сила, действие ( закона, постановления и т. п.) ;
to come into force вступать в силу force: come into ~ вступать в силу
to ~ into being (или existence) возникать;
to come into the world родиться;
to come into force вступать в силу;
to come into notice привлечь внимание notice: to bring( или to call) to (smb.’s) ~ доводить до сведения( кого-л.) ;
to come to (smb.’s) notice стать известным (кому-л.) ;
to come into notice привлечь внимание
to ~ into play начать действовать;
to come into position воен. занять позицию;
to come into sight появиться play: to come into ~ начать действовать;
in full play в действии, в разгаре
to ~ into play начать действовать;
to come into position воен. занять позицию;
to come into sight появиться
to ~ into play начать действовать;
to come into position воен. занять позицию;
to come into sight появиться
to ~ into being (или existence) возникать;
to come into the world родиться;
to come into force вступать в силу;
to come into notice привлечь внимание
~ off амер. замолчать;
oh, come off it! да перестань же! ~ off иметь успех;
удаваться, проходить с успехом;
all came off satisfactorily все сошло благополучно;
to come off with honour выйти с честью ~ off отделываться;
he came off a loser он остался в проигрыше;
he came off clear он вышел сухим из воды ~ off отрываться( напр., о пуговице) ~ off происходить, иметь место ~ off сходить, слезать ~ off удаляться
~ off амер. замолчать;
oh, come off it! да перестань же!
~ off иметь успех;
удаваться, проходить с успехом;
all came off satisfactorily все сошло благополучно;
to come off with honour выйти с честью
~ on возникать (о вопросе) ~ on! живей!;
продолжайте!;
идем (тж. как формула вызова) ~ on наступать, нападать ~ on натыкаться, наскакивать;
поражать( о болезни) ~ on появляться (на сцене) ~ on преуспевать;
делать успехи ~ on приближаться;
налететь, разразиться( о ветре, шквале) ;
a storm is coming on приближается гроза ~ on рассматриваться (в суде) ~ on расти
~ out выходить;
to come out of oneself стать менее замкнутым ~ out выходить ~ out дебютировать( на сцене, в обществе) ~ out обнаруживаться;
проявляться ~ out обнаруживаться ~ out объявлять забастовку ~ out появляться (в печати)
~ out выходить;
to come out of oneself стать менее замкнутым
~ out on strike объявлять забастовку
to ~ short не достигнуть цели to ~ short не оправдать ожиданий to ~ short не хватить short: to come (или to fall) ~ (of smth.) не достигнуть цели to come (или to fall) ~ (of smth.) не оправдать ожиданий to come (или to fall) ~ (of smth.) не хватать, иметь недостаток( в чем-л.) to come (или to fall) ~ (of smth.) уступать( в чем-л.) ;
this book comes short of satisfactory эта книга оставляет желать много лучшего
~ to приходить ~ to равняться ~ to составлять to: ~ bring ~ привести в сознание;
to come to прийти в сознание;
to and fro взад и вперед
~ to a decision приходить к решению
~ to a halt останавливаться
~ to a standstill оказываться в тупике standstill: ~ остановка, бездействие, застой;
to come to a standstill оказаться в тупике;
work was at a standstill работа совсем остановилась
~ to an end заканчивать
~ to prevail приобретать по праву давности
~ to terms договариваться ~ to terms приходить к соглашению term: ~ pl условия соглашения;
договор;
to come to terms( или to make terms) (with smb.) прийти к соглашению (с кем-л.)
~ to the rescue приходить на помощь rescue: ~ спасение;
освобождение, избавление;
to come (или to go) to the rescue помогать, приходить на помощь
~ случаться, происходить, бывать;
how did it come that..? как это случилось, что..? how comes it? почему это получается?, как это выходит?;
come what may будь, что будет what: ~ the hell? ну и что?, подумаешь!;
come what may будь, что будет;
what on earth( или in the blazes, in the world)…? черт возьми, бога ради…
~ away отламываться;
the handle came away in my hand ручка отломилась и осталась у меня в руках
he came in for a lot of trouble ему здорово досталось
~ off отделываться;
he came off a loser он остался в проигрыше;
he came off clear он вышел сухим из воды
~ off отделываться;
he came off a loser он остался в проигрыше;
he came off clear он вышел сухим из воды
~ вести свое происхождение;
происходить;
he comes from London он уроженец Лондона;
he comes of a working family он из рабочей семьи;
that comes from your carelessness все это от твоей небрежности
~ вести свое происхождение;
происходить;
he comes from London он уроженец Лондона;
he comes of a working family он из рабочей семьи;
that comes from your carelessness все это от твоей небрежности
~ (came;
~) приходить, подходить;
help came in the middle of the battle в разгар боя подошла помощь;
one shot came after another выстрелы следовали один за другим
~ случаться, происходить, бывать;
how did it come that..? как это случилось, что..? how comes it? почему это получается?, как это выходит?;
come what may будь, что будет how: ~ comes it?, ~ is it? разг. как это получается?, почему так выходит?;
how so? как так?
~ случаться, происходить, бывать;
how did it come that..? как это случилось, что..? how comes it? почему это получается?, как это выходит?;
come what may будь, что будет
~ at получить доступ( к чему-л.), добиться (чего-л.) ;
how did you come at the information? как вы это узнали?
~ выпадать (на чью-л. долю) ;
доставаться (кому-л.) ;
it came on my head это свалилось мне на голову;
ill luck came to me меня постигла неудача
~ выпадать (на чью-л. долю) ;
доставаться (кому-л.) ;
it came on my head это свалилось мне на голову;
ill luck came to me меня постигла неудача
~ at нападать, набрасываться;
добраться (до кого-л.) ;
just let me come at him дайте мне только добраться до него
the knot has ~ undone узел развязался
the moonshine came streaming in through the open window в открытое окно лился лунный свет
~ делаться, становиться;
things will come right все обойдется, все будет хорошо;
my dreams came true мои мечты сбылись;
butter will not come масло никак не сбивается
~ (came;
~) приходить, подходить;
help came in the middle of the battle в разгар боя подошла помощь;
one shot came after another выстрелы следовали один за другим
~ прибывать;
приезжать;
she has just come from London она только что приехала из Лондона
~ on приближаться;
налететь, разразиться (о ветре, шквале) ;
a storm is coming on приближается гроза
come в повелительном наклонении восклицание, означающее приглашение, побуждение или легкий упрек: come, tell me all you know about it ну, расскажите же все, что вы об этом знаете
~ вести свое происхождение;
происходить;
he comes from London он уроженец Лондона;
he comes of a working family он из рабочей семьи;
that comes from your carelessness все это от твоей небрежности
~ делаться, становиться;
things will come right все обойдется, все будет хорошо;
my dreams came true мои мечты сбылись;
butter will not come масло никак не сбивается
this work comes to me эта работа приходится на мою долю
~ in оказаться полезным, пригодиться (тж. come in useful) ;
where do I come in? разг. чем я могу быть полезен?;
какое это имеет ко мне отношение?

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > come

15
come

I
1. [kʌm]

;

прош. вр.

came;

прич.

прош. вр. come

1) приходить, подходить; идти

I think it’s time to come back to the most important question: who is to pay for the new building? — Я думаю, пора вернуться к самому важному вопросу — кто оплатит строительство нового здания?

We’d like to come back next year. — На следующий год мы бы хотели снова приехать сюда.

He’ll never come back to her. — Он никогда к ней не вернётся.

Just then a bus came by so we got on and rode home. — Мимо как раз проезжал автобус, мы сели и доехали до дома.

Move aside, please, the firemen want to come by. — Расступитесь, пожалуйста, пожарным нужно пройти.

Godfather, come and see your boy. — Крёстный отец, подойдите же и посмотрите на своего мальчика.

Mary came down the stairs. — Мэри спустилась по лестнице.

The plane came down safely in spite of the mist. — Самолёт благополучно приземлился, несмотря на туман.

Leave them alone and they’ll come home, bringing their tails behind them. — Оставь их в покое и они вернутся с поджатыми хвостами.

She comes and goes at her will. — Она приходит и уходит, когда ей заблагорассудится.

A tall man came out from behind the screen. — Из-за перегородки вышел высокий мужчина.

The family must come together for the parents’ silver wedding. — На серебряную свадьбу родителей должна собраться вся семья.

Syn:

Ant:

2)

а) приезжать, прибывать

We have come many miles by train. — Мы приехали на поезде издалека.

Syn:

б) прибывать

Syn:

Ant:

The door opened and the children came into the room. — Открылась дверь, и в комнату вошли дети.

«Come in!» called the director when he heard the knock at his door. — «Войдите!» — сказал директор, услышав стук в дверь.

Syn:

News of the death of the famous actress began coming in just as we were starting the broadcast. — К началу передачи пришло известие о смерти знаменитой актрисы.

I haven’t a lot of money coming in just now. — У меня сейчас не очень большие доходы.

Syn:

Ant:

5)

а) доходить, доставать, достигать

The window came down to the ground. — Окно доходило до земли.

б) доходить, долетать, доноситься

A message came down to the boys that they were to be ready. — Мальчикам передали, чтобы они приготовились.

The wind came off the ocean. — С океана дул ветер.

A pleasant female voice came over the phone. — В трубке послышался приятный женский голос.

Syn:

6) равняться, составлять; простираться

The bill comes to 357 pounds. — Счёт составляет 357 фунтов.

Overall costs come out at 5,709 dollars. — Общие издержки составят 5709 долларов.

7) сводиться

His speech comes to this: the country is deeply in debt. — Вся его речь сводится к одному: страна увязла в долгах.

When it all comes down, there isn’t much in his story. — По большому счёту, в его истории нет ничего особенного.

The whole matter comes down to a power struggle between the trade union and the directors. — Всё сводится к противостоянию профсоюза и совета директоров.

Syn:

to come into contact with smth. — дотрагиваться до чего-л.

The carbines will come into play. — В игру вступят карабины.

The boat came into collision with a steamer. — Лодка столкнулась с пароходом.

9) переходить в другое состояние, фазу

to come into blossom / flower — распускаться, раскрываться ; зацвести

10) приступать к , обращаться к

Now I come to the question which you asked. — Теперь я перехожу к вопросу, который вы задали.

11) случаться, происходить

I’m sorry he got caught by the police, but after all, he had it coming (to him), didn’t he? — Мне очень жаль, что его арестовали, но ведь он сам во всём виноват, не так ли?

Don’t know what will come of the boy if he keeps failing his examinations. — Не знаю, что станет с этим парнем, если он и дальше будет проваливаться на экзаменах.

Peace can only come about if each side agrees to yield to the other. — Мир настанет только тогда, когда обе стороны пойдут на уступки.

Trouble comes along when you least expect it. — Неприятности происходят именно тогда, когда их меньше всего ждёшь.

Take every chance that comes along. — Пользуйся любой предоставляющейся возможностью.

Syn:

а) приходить ; достигать

A compromise was come to. — Был достигнут компромисс.

The boy has no character, he will never come to much. — У этого парня слабый характер, он ничего особенного не добьётся в жизни.

I’m disappointed that my efforts have come to so little. — Я разочарован, что мои усилия принесли так мало результатов.

б) опуститься , докатиться

He came down to selling matches on street corners. — Он докатился до того, что торгует спичками на улицах.

13) делаться, становиться

14) предстоять, ожидаться

15) появляться, встречаться

This word comes on page 200. — Это слово встречается на странице 200.

16) прорастать, всходить

He sowed turnips, but none of them came. — Он посеял репу, но она не взошла.

18) получаться, выходить

He repainted the figure, but it wouldn’t come well. — Он заново нарисовал фигуру, но она всё равно не получилась.

No good could come of it. — Из этого не могло получиться ничего хорошего.

19) поставляться ; поступать в продажу

The car comes with or without the rear wing. — Машина поставляется в двух модификациях — с задним крылом и без заднего крыла.

These shoes come with a 30 day guarantee. — Эти туфли продаются с гарантией на один месяц.

The new crop of tobacco will be coming in soon. — Скоро в продаже появится новый урожай табака.

As soon as the fresh vegetables come in, we put them on sale. — Как только к нам поступают свежие овощи, мы сразу выставляем их на продажу.

а) давай, двигай вперёд

Come along, children, or we’ll be late! — Поторапливайтесь, дети, а то опоздаем!

Come along, Jane, you can do better than that. — Давай, Джейн, постарайся, ты же можешь сделать лучше.

б) ври дальше; мели, Емеля, твоя неделя

Oh, come along! I know better than that! — Кому вы рассказываете! Я лучше знаю.

в) стой, погоди

21) (начать) делать что-л.

The fog came pouring in at every chink and keyhole. (Ch. Dickens, Christmas Carol, 1843) — Туман заползал в каждую щель, просачивался в каждую замочную скважину.

22) прийти к чему-л.; дойти до того, чтобы сделать что-л.

to come to know smb. better — лучше узнать кого-л.

23) идти, следовать за

I can never remember which king came after which. — Никогда не мог запомнить, какой король шёл за каким.

Mrs Brown was the first to arrive, and her daughter came next. — Первой приехала миссис Браун, затем — её дочь.

I’ll go ahead, and you come on later. — Сначала пойду я, потом ты.

The military government refused to allow the people their right to vote, what came next was violence. — Военное правительство отказало людям в праве голосовать, и в результате начались беспорядки.

My family comes first, and my work comes next. — На первом месте для меня семья, на втором — работа.

Syn:

24) преследовать , гнаться за , искать , домогаться

I saw a big dog coming after me. — Я увидел, что за мной гонится огромная собака.

25) нападать, набрасываться на

He allegedly came at Jim with a knife. — Как утверждают, он напал на Джима с ножом.

26) получить доступ к , добраться до ; найти, обнаружить, установить

Put the food where the cat can’t come at it. — Положи еду туда, где её не достанет кошка.

I wanted to reply to your letter in detail, but I can’t come at it anywhere. — Я хотел подробно ответить на ваше письмо, но нигде не могу его найти.

It is always difficult to come at the truth. — Всегда трудно докопаться до истины.

Did the invention of the telephone come before the end of the 19th century? — Телефон изобрели ещё до конца девятнадцатого века?

28) превосходить рангом; быть более важным, чем что-л.

Consideration of a fellow worker’s health must come before my own professional pride. — Я должен прежде думать о здоровье коллеги и лишь потом о собственной профессиональной гордости.

29) представать ; рассматриваться

When you come before the judge, you must speak the exact truth. — Когда ты говоришь в суде, ты должен говорить чистую правду.

The witness of the accident did not come before the court. — Свидетель этого происшествия не предстал перед судом.

Your suggestion came before the board of directors yesterday, but I haven’t heard the result of their meeting. — Ваше предложение было рассмотрено советом директоров вчера, но я не знаю, каков был результат.

Syn:

30) вмешиваться в чьи-л. дела, вставать между ; вызывать отчуждение, разделять

Never come between husband and wife. — Никогда не вставай между мужем и женой.

Ten years of separation have come between them. — Их разделяли десять лет разлуки.

Syn:

31) мешать кому-л. в чём-л.

I don’t like people who come between me and my work. — Я не люблю людей, которые мешают мне работать.

32) доставать, приобретать, находить

It is not easy to come by a high paying job. — Не так-то просто найти высокооплачиваемую работу.

Syn:

33) (случайно) получать

Syn:

34) заходить за

I’ve come for my parcel. — Я пришёл за своей посылкой.

I’ll come for you at 8 o’clock. — Я зайду за тобой в 8 часов.

35) бросаться на

The guard dog came for me. — Сторожевая собака бросилась ко мне.

36) происходить, иметь происхождение

These words come from Latin. — Эти слова латинского происхождения.

I came from a race of fishers. — Я из рыбацкого рода.

He comes from a long line of singers. — Он происходит из старинного рода певцов.

A butterfly comes from a chrysalis. — Бабочка появляется из куколки.

She comes of a good family. — Она происходит из хорошей семьи.

37) проистекать из , получаться в результате ; появляться

Danger comes from unexpected places. — Опасность появляется оттуда, откуда не ожидаешь.

I don’t know what will come of your actions. — Не знаю, к чему приведут ваши действия.

Syn:

38)

39)

а) доставаться, переходить по наследству

This painting belongs to us. It came through my mother. — Эта картина принадлежит нам. Она досталась мне от матери.

The house came to me after my father’s death. — Этот дом перешёл ко мне после смерти отца.

This ring has come down in my family for two centuries. — Это кольцо передаётся в нашей семье по наследству уже два века.

б) получать в наследство, наследовать

Charles came into a fortune when his father died. — Когда отец умер, Чарлз получил состояние.

Syn:

40) присоединяться, вступать

Several new members have come into the club since Christmas. — С Рождества в клуб приняли несколько новых членов.

41) разг. быть на грани чего-л.; чуть не сделать что-л.

The boy came near (to) falling off the high wall. — Мальчик едва не свалился с высокой стены.

42) снять трубку, ответить

One of the most powerful men in France came on the line. — В трубке раздался голос одного из самых влиятельных людей во Франции.

43) охватывать

Fear came upon him as he entered the empty house. — Когда он зашёл в пустой дом, его охватил страх.

44) проникать, просачиваться; пролезать, просовываться

The first light came through the open window. — Первые лучи солнца проникли через открытое окно.

45) перенести, пережить ; пройти через

Bill came through his operation as cheerful as ever. — Билл перенёс операцию как обычно бодро.

All my family came through the war. — Вся моя семья пережила войну.

46) появляться

The sun came through the clouds for a while. — Солнце ненадолго выглянуло из-за туч.

There was a wisp of sun coming through the mist. — Сквозь туман пробивался солнечный луч.

47) приходить на ум; становиться известным

to come to smb.’s attention / notice — доходить до кого-л., становиться известным кому-л.

It came to my knowledge that… — Я узнал, что…

After ruminating about it for a period of time, suddenly it came to me how it could be done. — После долгих размышлений меня осенило, как можно это сделать.

The thought came across my mind that I had met him before. — Тут мне показалось, что я видел его раньше.

48) подчиняться, находиться в ведении

This area comes under the powers of the local court. — Эта сфера подпадает под юрисдикцию местного суда.

49) относиться , попадать

50) подвергаться

The town came under attack again last night. — Прошлой ночью на город снова напали.

He came unber biting criticism at the last meeting. — На последнем собрании он подвергся жестокой критике.

51) натолкнуться на , неожиданно найти , случайно встретить

I came across this old photograph in the back of the drawer. — Я случайно обнаружил эту старую фотографию на дне секретера.

A very interesting book has come across my desk. — На моём столе случайно оказалась очень интересная книга.

Syn:

а) нападать, атаковать

The enemy came upon the town by night. — Враг атаковал город ночью.

б) налетать, обрушиваться

The wind with lightening and thunder came on them. — На них налетел ветер с громом и молнией.

•

••

to come into being / existence — возникать

to come into service / use — входить в употребление

to come into sight / view — появляться, показываться

not to know whether / if one is coming or going — растеряться, чувствовать себя потерянным; не знать, на каком ты свете

I’m so upset I don’t know whether I’m coming or going. — Я так расстроен, что уж и не знаю, что делать.

— come close

— come easy
— come natural
— come it too strong
— come of age
— come one’s ways
— come one’s way
— come clean
— come short of smth.
— come home
— come to a head
— come to hand
— come day go day
2. [kʌm]

;

разг.

с наступлением, с приходом

… but come summer, the beaches would be lined with rows of tents. —… но когда наступит лето, на пляжах появится множество навесов.

II [kʌm]

Англо-русский современный словарь > come

16
come

[kʌm]

come off иметь успех; удаваться, проходить с успехом; all came off satisfactorily все сошло благополучно; to come off with honour выйти с честью come, come, be not so hasty! подождите, подождите, не торопитесь! come доходить, достигать; равняться; the bill comes to 500 roubles счет составляет 500 рублей come в сочетании с причастием настоящего времени передает возникновение действия, выраженного причастием: the boy came running into the room мальчик вбежал в комнату come делаться, становиться; things will come right все обойдется, все будет хорошо; my dreams came true мои мечты сбылись; butter will not come масло никак не сбивается come в повелительном наклонении восклицание, означающее приглашение, побуждение или легкий упрек: come, tell me all you know about it ну, расскажите же все, что вы об этом знаете come в повелительном наклонении восклицание, означающее приглашение, побуждение или легкий упрек: come, tell me all you know about it ну, расскажите же все, что вы об этом знаете come в сочетании с причастием настоящего времени передает возникновение действия, выраженного причастием: the boy came running into the room мальчик вбежал в комнату come вести свое происхождение; происходить; he comes from London он уроженец Лондона; he comes of a working family он из рабочей семьи; that comes from your carelessness все это от твоей небрежности come выпадать (на чью-л. долю); доставаться (кому-л.); it came on my head это свалилось мне на голову; ill luck came to me меня постигла неудача come делаться, становиться; things will come right все обойдется, все будет хорошо; my dreams came true мои мечты сбылись; butter will not come масло никак не сбивается come доходить, достигать; равняться; the bill comes to 500 roubles счет составляет 500 рублей come, come, be not so hasty! подождите, подождите, не торопитесь! come, come, be not so hasty! подождите, подождите, не торопитесь! come прибывать; приезжать; she has just come from London она только что приехала из Лондона come (came; come) приходить, подходить; help came in the middle of the battle в разгар боя подошла помощь; one shot came after another выстрелы следовали один за другим come случаться, происходить, бывать; how did it come that..? как это случилось, что..? how comes it? почему это получается?, как это выходит?; come what may будь, что будет come down разг. come раскошелиться; come down with your money! раскошеливайтесь! come about менять направление (о ветре); come across (случайно) встретиться (с кем-л.); натолкнуться (на что-л.) come about происходить, случаться come about менять направление (о ветре); come across (случайно) встретиться (с кем-л.); натолкнуться (на что-л.) come across! разг. признавайся! come across! разг. раскошеливайся! come after искать, домогаться come after наследовать; come again возвращаться come after следовать come after наследовать; come again возвращаться come apart, come asunder распадаться на части come apart, come asunder распадаться на части come at нападать, набрасываться; добраться (до кого-л.); just let me come at him дайте мне только добраться до него come at получить доступ (к чему-л.), добиться (чего-л.); how did you come at the information? как вы это узнали? come away отламываться; the handle came away in my hand ручка отломилась и осталась у меня в руках come away уходить come back возвращаться come back вспоминаться come back спорт. обрести прежнюю форму come back отвечать тем же самым, отплатить той же монетой come back спорт. отставать come back очнуться, прийти в себя come before превосходить come before предшествовать to come before the Court предстать перед судом come by доставать, достигать come by амер. заходить come by проходить мимо come down быть поваленным (о дереве) come down быть разрушенным (о постройке) come down деградировать; to come down in the world потерять состояние, положение; опуститься come down амер, разг. заболеть (with — чем-л.) come down набрасываться (upon, on — на); бранить, наказывать (upon, on — кого-л.) come down падать (о снеге, дожде) come down переходить по традиции come down приходить, приезжать come down разг. come раскошелиться; come down with your money! раскошеливайтесь! come down спадать, ниспадать come down спускаться; опускаться down: come вниз; to climb down слезать; to come down спускаться; to flow down стекать to come (или to drop) come (on smb.) набрасываться (на кого-л.), бранить (кого-л.) come down деградировать; to come down in the world потерять состояние, положение; опуститься world: so goes (или wags) the come такова жизнь; to come down in the world опуститься, утратить былое положение come down разг. come раскошелиться; come down with your money! раскошеливайтесь! come for заходить за come for нападать на come forward выходить вперед; выдвигаться come forward откликаться come forward предлагать свои услуги come in вступать (в должность); приходить к власти come in входить come in входить в моду come in амер. жеребиться, телиться come in оказаться полезным, пригодиться (тж. come in useful); where do I come in? разг. чем я могу быть полезен?; какое это имеет ко мне отношение? come in прибывать (о поезде, пароходе) come in спорт. прийти к финишу; to come in first победить, прийти первым; come in for получить (что-л.) (напр., свою долю и т. п.) come in созревать come in спорт. прийти к финишу; to come in first победить, прийти первым; come in for получить (что-л.) (напр., свою долю и т. п.) come in спорт. прийти к финишу; to come in first победить, прийти первым; come in for получить (что-л.) (напр., свою долю и т. п.) come into вступать в come into получать в наследство to come into being (или existence) возникать; to come into the world родиться; to come into force вступать в силу; to come into notice привлечь внимание to come into being (или existence) возникать; to come into the world родиться; to come into force вступать в силу; to come into notice привлечь внимание force: come сила, действие (закона, постановления и т. п.); to come into force вступать в силу force: come into come вступать в силу to come into being (или existence) возникать; to come into the world родиться; to come into force вступать в силу; to come into notice привлечь внимание notice: to bring (или to call) to (smb.’s) come доводить до сведения (кого-л.); to come to (smb.’s) notice стать известным (кому-л.); to come into notice привлечь внимание to come into play начать действовать; to come into position воен. занять позицию; to come into sight появиться play: to come into come начать действовать; in full play в действии, в разгаре to come into play начать действовать; to come into position воен. занять позицию; to come into sight появиться to come into play начать действовать; to come into position воен. занять позицию; to come into sight появиться to come into being (или existence) возникать; to come into the world родиться; to come into force вступать в силу; to come into notice привлечь внимание come off амер. замолчать; oh, come off it! да перестань же! come off иметь успех; удаваться, проходить с успехом; all came off satisfactorily все сошло благополучно; to come off with honour выйти с честью come off отделываться; he came off a loser он остался в проигрыше; he came off clear он вышел сухим из воды come off отрываться (напр., о пуговице) come off происходить, иметь место come off сходить, слезать come off удаляться come off амер. замолчать; oh, come off it! да перестань же! come off иметь успех; удаваться, проходить с успехом; all came off satisfactorily все сошло благополучно; to come off with honour выйти с честью come on возникать (о вопросе) come on! живей!; продолжайте!; идем (тж. как формула вызова) come on наступать, нападать come on натыкаться, наскакивать; поражать (о болезни) come on появляться (на сцене) come on преуспевать; делать успехи come on приближаться; налететь, разразиться (о ветре, шквале); a storm is coming on приближается гроза come on рассматриваться (в суде) come on расти come out выходить; to come out of oneself стать менее замкнутым come out выходить come out дебютировать (на сцене, в обществе) come out обнаруживаться; проявляться come out обнаруживаться come out объявлять забастовку come out появляться (в печати) come out выходить; to come out of oneself стать менее замкнутым come out on strike объявлять забастовку to come short не достигнуть цели to come short не оправдать ожиданий to come short не хватить short: to come (или to fall) come (of smth.) не достигнуть цели to come (или to fall) come (of smth.) не оправдать ожиданий to come (или to fall) come (of smth.) не хватать, иметь недостаток (в чем-л.) to come (или to fall) come (of smth.) уступать (в чем-л.); this book comes short of satisfactory эта книга оставляет желать много лучшего come to приходить come to равняться come to составлять to: come bring come привести в сознание; to come to прийти в сознание; to and fro взад и вперед come to a decision приходить к решению come to a halt останавливаться come to a standstill оказываться в тупике standstill: come остановка, бездействие, застой; to come to a standstill оказаться в тупике; work was at a standstill работа совсем остановилась come to an end заканчивать come to prevail приобретать по праву давности come to terms договариваться come to terms приходить к соглашению term: come pl условия соглашения; договор; to come to terms (или to make terms) (with smb.) прийти к соглашению (с кем-л.) come to the rescue приходить на помощь rescue: come спасение; освобождение, избавление; to come (или to go) to the rescue помогать, приходить на помощь come случаться, происходить, бывать; how did it come that..? как это случилось, что..? how comes it? почему это получается?, как это выходит?; come what may будь, что будет what: come the hell? ну и что?, подумаешь!; come what may будь, что будет; what on earth (или in the blazes, in the world)…? черт возьми, бога ради… come away отламываться; the handle came away in my hand ручка отломилась и осталась у меня в руках he came in for a lot of trouble ему здорово досталось come off отделываться; he came off a loser он остался в проигрыше; he came off clear он вышел сухим из воды come off отделываться; he came off a loser он остался в проигрыше; he came off clear он вышел сухим из воды come вести свое происхождение; происходить; he comes from London он уроженец Лондона; he comes of a working family он из рабочей семьи; that comes from your carelessness все это от твоей небрежности come вести свое происхождение; происходить; he comes from London он уроженец Лондона; he comes of a working family он из рабочей семьи; that comes from your carelessness все это от твоей небрежности come (came; come) приходить, подходить; help came in the middle of the battle в разгар боя подошла помощь; one shot came after another выстрелы следовали один за другим come случаться, происходить, бывать; how did it come that..? как это случилось, что..? how comes it? почему это получается?, как это выходит?; come what may будь, что будет how: come comes it?, come is it? разг. как это получается?, почему так выходит?; how so? как так? come случаться, происходить, бывать; how did it come that..? как это случилось, что..? how comes it? почему это получается?, как это выходит?; come what may будь, что будет come at получить доступ (к чему-л.), добиться (чего-л.); how did you come at the information? как вы это узнали? come выпадать (на чью-л. долю); доставаться (кому-л.); it came on my head это свалилось мне на голову; ill luck came to me меня постигла неудача come выпадать (на чью-л. долю); доставаться (кому-л.); it came on my head это свалилось мне на голову; ill luck came to me меня постигла неудача come at нападать, набрасываться; добраться (до кого-л.); just let me come at him дайте мне только добраться до него the knot has come undone узел развязался the moonshine came streaming in through the open window в открытое окно лился лунный свет come делаться, становиться; things will come right все обойдется, все будет хорошо; my dreams came true мои мечты сбылись; butter will not come масло никак не сбивается come (came; come) приходить, подходить; help came in the middle of the battle в разгар боя подошла помощь; one shot came after another выстрелы следовали один за другим come прибывать; приезжать; she has just come from London она только что приехала из Лондона come on приближаться; налететь, разразиться (о ветре, шквале); a storm is coming on приближается гроза come в повелительном наклонении восклицание, означающее приглашение, побуждение или легкий упрек: come, tell me all you know about it ну, расскажите же все, что вы об этом знаете come вести свое происхождение; происходить; he comes from London он уроженец Лондона; he comes of a working family он из рабочей семьи; that comes from your carelessness все это от твоей небрежности come делаться, становиться; things will come right все обойдется, все будет хорошо; my dreams came true мои мечты сбылись; butter will not come масло никак не сбивается this work comes to me эта работа приходится на мою долю come in оказаться полезным, пригодиться (тж. come in useful); where do I come in? разг. чем я могу быть полезен?; какое это имеет ко мне отношение?

English-Russian short dictionary > come

17
come

[kʌm]

(came; come)

I

1. 1) приходить: идти

to come to the office [to the meeting] — приходить на службу [на собрание]

to come home — приходить домой [ тж. ]

to come down — спускаться, опускаться

please ask him to come down — пожалуйста, попросите его сойти вниз

to come up — подниматься, идти вверх

I saw him coming up the hill — я видел, как он поднимался в гору

the diver came up at last — наконец водолаз появился на поверхности /вынырнул/

I saw him coming along the road — я видел, как он шёл по дороге

I will wait here until he comes by — я буду ждать здесь, пока он не пройдёт (мимо)

to come forward — выходить вперёд, выступить ()

volunteers, come forward — добровольцы, (шаг) вперёд!

to come into a room — входить, в комнату

when he came out (of the house) it was dark — когда он вышел (из дома), было уже темно

to come back — вернуться, прийти назад

to come late [early] — приходить поздно [рано]

to come to smb. for advice — прийти к кому-л. за советом

come and see what I have found — приходите посмотреть, что я нашёл

2) приезжать, прибывать

he has come a long way — он приехал издалека [ тж. ]

2. идти; ехать

come! — пошли!, идём!

coming! — иду! сейчас!

are you coming my way? — вам со мной по пути?

the soldier had orders not to let anybody come past — солдат получил приказ никого не пропускать

to come and go — ходить /сновать/ взад и вперёд

3. ( to) подходить, приближаться

come nearer! — подойди ближе!

the girl started when he came near — девочка вздрогнула, когда он приблизился

1) доходить, достигать

does the railway come right to the town? — подходит ли железнодорожная линия к самому городу?

his voice came to me through the mist — его голос доносился /долетал/ до меня сквозь туман

through the open window came the sounds of a piano — из открытого окна раздавались звуки рояля

it came to me /to my ears/ that… — до меня дошло, что…, мне стало известно, что…

it came to me at last that… — наконец до моего сознания дошло, что… [ тж. 6, 1)]

2) равняться, достигать

your bill comes to £10 — ваш счёт равняется десяти фунтам

his earnings come to £1,000 a year — его заработок составляет тысячу фунтов стерлингов в год

let us put it all together and see what it will come to — давайте сложим всё это и посмотрим, что получится

3) сводиться ()

to come to nothing /to naught/ — окончиться ничем, свестись к нулю; сойти на нет

4) прийти (); достичь ()

to come to an understanding — прийти к соглашению, договориться

to come to an end — прийти к концу, окончиться

5. 1) наступать, приходить

spring came — пришла /наступила/ весна

his turn came — наступила его очередь, настал его черёд

dinner came at last — наконец подали обед /обед был подан/

2) ожидаться, предстоять

6. 1) появляться, возникать

an idea came into his head — ему пришла в голову мысль, у него возникла идея

it came to me — а) у меня появилась /возникла/ мысль; б) я припомнил; [ тж. 4, 1)]

it comes to me that I owe you money — я припоминаю, что я вам должен (деньги)

his colour came and went — он то краснел, то бледнел

he tried to speak but no word would come from his mouth — он хотел что-то сказать, но не мог вымолвить ни слова

2) находиться

on what page does it come? — на какой это странице?

7. случаться; происходить; проистекать

how did it come that you quarrelled? — как это (случилось, что) вы поссорились?

no harm will come to you — с тобой ничего не случится; тебе ничего не грозит

8. выходить, получаться, приводить

to come to harm — пострадать; попасть в беду, неприятность

it will come all right in the end — в конце концов всё будет в порядке /образуется/

no good will come of it — ничего хорошего из этого, не получится, это до добра не доведёт

the dress would not come as she wanted — платье получилось не таким, как ей хотелось

9. происходить, иметь происхождение

10. доставаться

the house is coming to his son after his death — после его смерти дом достанется /перейдёт к/ сыну

11. прорастать, всходить, расти

12.

разг. устроить, сделать (

)

13.

испытать оргазм, кончить

1) ну!, живо!, давай!

come out with it, boy — ну, парень, выкладывай

2) ну что вы!

what? He here! Oh! come, come! — как? Он здесь?! Да оставьте /бросьте/ вы!

come, come, you shouldn’t speak like that! — ну полно, вы не должны так говорить!

now come! be patient! — ну потерпите; имей(те) терпение

come, come, don’t be so foolish! — ну, ну, не дури /не глупи/!

15.

(the to come) будущее

16.

(если) считать, считая с ()

a fortnight come Sunday — через две недели (считая) со следующего воскресенья

it’ll be a year come Monday since lie left — в будущий понедельник год, как он уехал

II А

1. становиться (); приобретать ()

author who is beginning to come into notice — автор, который начинает завоёвывать известность

2. вступать (); получить ()

he came into some money [a property, an estate] — он получил в наследство немного денег [недвижимое имущество, поместье]

3. вступать ()

to come into collision — столкнуться, войти в противоречие

to come into flower /bloom/ — расцвести, выходить в цветок; вступать в пору цветения

to come into ear — колоситься, выходить в колос

5. войти ()

to come into use [into fashion] — войти в употребление [в моду]

6. вступить ()

to come into effect /force/ — вступать в силу

7. входить ()

to come within the terms of reference — относиться к ведению /компетенции/

II Б

1. случайно встретить кого-л., что-л.; случайно встретиться с кем-л., чем-л., натолкнуться на кого-л., что-л.

he came across the man in the street — он случайно встретил этого человека на улице

I came across these lines by chance — я случайно натолкнулся на эти строки

I came across a very interesting book — мне попалась, очень интересная книга

2.

1) домогаться чего-л., преследовать кого-л.

to come after a situation — искать место /службу/

2) следовать, идти за

❝N❞comes after ❝M❞ — за буквой «М» следует «Н»

3) наследовать

3. 1) нападать на кого-л., атаковать кого-л.

the enemy now came against us in larger numbers — теперь противник атаковал нас более крупными силами

2) столкнуться с чем-л., наткнуться на что-л.

one does not often come (up) against an experience of this nature — такое не часто встретишь

4.

1) нападать, набрасываться на кого-л., что-л.

just let me come at you! — дай мне только добраться до тебя!

2) налететь; натолкнуться

3)

подразумевать, намекать

what are you coming at? — что вы имеете в виду?, на что вы намекаете?

4) добираться до сути

; доискиваться чего-л.

to come at the truth — раскрыть /обнаружить/ правду

5) получать, добывать что-л.

money was very hard to come at — деньги было очень трудно добыть,

6) пройти, попасть, кому-л.

if only I could come at his secretary — если бы только я смог повидать его секретаря

7)

, новозел. разг. взяться за что-л., предпринять что-л.

I told you before I wouldn’t come at that again — я вам уже сказал, что я не возьмусь за это снова

5.

1) быть считаться более важным

2) предстать

3) подлежать рассмотрению

these cases come before a conciliation court — эти дела подсудны суду примирительного производства

6. вмешиваться

he came between us — он встал между нами; он разлучил нас

you must not let play come between you and your work — развлечения не должны мешать вашей работе

7. приобрести, получить, достать что-л.

how did you come by that money? — откуда у вас эти деньги?

8.

1) принять участие в чём-л.; присоединиться к чему-л.

to come into a scheme — присоединиться к плану; принять участие в проекте

2) появляться на свет

, возникать

to come into being /existence/ — возникать, появляться

9. сходить, слезать с чего-л.

come off the ladder! — слезь с лестницы!

come off the grass! — по траве не ходить!, сойдите с газона [ тж. ]

10. натыкаться, наталкиваться на что-л.

we shall come on it sooner or later — рано или поздно мы столкнёмся с этим

11. вытекать, являться результатом чего-л.

it comes out of the economy with which work is managed — это является результатом экономии, с которой ведётся работа

can good come out of such scenes? — могут ли такие сцены довести до добра?

12.

1) овладевать кем-л., захватывать кого-л.

sadness came over his spirit — им овладела грусть, он загрустил

whatever has come over you to speak like that? — что на вас нашло, почему вы так разговариваете?

2)

взять верх, перехитрить, обойти кого-л.

you are not going to come over me in this manner! — уж не хотите ли вы перехитрить меня таким образом?

1) обмануть, перехитрить, обойти кого-л.

he is certain to come round his uncle — он, конечно, обойдёт /перехитрит/ своего дядюшку

2) обойти что-л., уклониться от чего-л.

to come round an objection [a difficulty] — обойти возражение [трудность]

14.

1) проникать сквозь что-л.

no chink of light came through the closed shutters — сквозь закрытые ставни совсем не проникал свет

2) перенести, пережить что-л.

to come through an illness — благополучно перенести болезнь, выжить

she has come through the anaesthetic remarkably well — она прекрасно перенесла анестезию

15.

разг. причитаться, следовать кому-л.; доставаться кому-л.

you will get what’s coming to you — а) ты получишь, что тебе причитается; б) ты не уйдёшь от расплаты

a small sum of money was coming to him — ему причиталась небольшая сумма денег

16.

1) подходить, подпадать

2) подвергаться действию чего-л.

to come under smb.’s influence — подпасть под чьё-л. влияние

to come under smb.’s notice — обращать на себя чьё-л. внимание

to come under the penalty of the law — подлежать, наказанию по закону

17.

1) натолкнуться на кого-л., что-л.; случайно встретиться с кем-л., чем-л.

2) напасть на кого-л., атаковать кого-л., что-л.

the brush fire came upon them from all sides — лесной пожар окружил их стеной огня

18. прийти в голову кому-л. ()

it came upon me that I had seen this man before — мне показалось, что я видел раньше /где-то встречал/ этого человека

I cannot think what has come upon you — я не понимаю, что на вас нашло

19. предъявить кому-л. требование в отношении чего-л.

to come upon smb. for £20 damage — предъявить претензию на 20 фунтов в покрытие убытков

20. начинать делать что-л.

to come to love smb. — полюбить кого-л.

to come to know one’s opponent — изучить, противника

how did you come to hear of it? — как случилось, что вы узнали /услышали, прослышали/ об этом?, как вы узнали об этом?, как вам удалось узнать, об этом?

to come to stay — укорениться, привиться, получить признание

this material has come to be used in many branches of industry — этот материал стал использоваться во многих отраслях промышленности

21. приходить в какое-л. состояние

to come to a full stop — остановиться, зайти в тупик

to come to a standstill — а) остановиться; б) зайти в тупик

to come to the front — выйти на передний план, выдвинуться, занять ведущее место

22. выходить из какого-л. состояния

he came out of his reverie — он очнулся от своих мыслей /мечтаний/

23.

быть на грани чего-л.

I come near forgetting my glasses! — я чуть не позабыл очки!

III А

1) становиться

to come undone — а) расстегнуться, развязаться; your shoe-laces have come undone /untied, loose/ — у вас развязались шнурки; б) раскрыться

the dead things seemed to come alive — казалось, что мёртвые предметы ожили

to come true — сбываться, осуществляться, претворяться в жизнь

2) быть, являться

to come natural (to smb.) — быть естественным (для кого-л.)

to come easy (to smb.) — не представлять трудностей (для кого-л.)

it will come very cheap [expensive] to you — это обойдётся /станет/ вам очень дёшево [дорого]

3) выпускаться; продаваться

they come in all shapes — они бывают /встречаются/ всех видов, они бывают разные

the dress comes in three sizes — (в продаже) имеются три размера этого платья

this soup comes in a can — этот суп продаётся в жестяных банках /расфасован в жестяные банки/

2. :

to come home — а) попасть в цель; ≅ попасть не в бровь, а в глаз; б) задеть за живое; [ тж. I 1, 1)]

to come home to smb. — а) доходить до чьего-л. сознания; б) растрогать кого-л. до глубины души, найти отклик в чьей-л. душе

to come short of smth. — а) испытывать недостаток в чём-л.; б) не хватать; her money came short of her expenditure — ей не хватило денег на расходы; в) не соответствовать; не оправдать ожиданий /надежд/; this comes short of accepted standards — это не соответствует /уступает/ принятым нормам

to come to light — обнаружиться, стать известным

to come in(to) sight /into view/ — появиться, показаться

oh, come off it! — груб. а) заткнись!, брось трепаться!; б) перестань!, хватит!, прекрати!

come off your perch /your high horse/! — не зазнавайтесь!, не задирайте нос!

come off the grass! — а) не вмешивайтесь не в свои дела!; б) брось задаваться!; брось преувеличивать!; не ври!

come out of that! — перестань вмешиваться!, не суйся!, не лезь!

to come a long way — преуспеть [ тж. I 1, 2)]

to come the old soldier over smb. — а) поучать кого-л., командовать кем-л.; б) обманывать, надувать кого-л.

to come one’s way / ways/ — выпасть на чью-л. долю ( о чём-л. благоприятном)

to come to the point — а) говорить по существу дела; б) делать стойку ()

to come into play — а) начать действовать; б) быть полезным, пригодиться

to come it strong — а) зайти слишком далеко; хватить через край; б) действовать решительно, быть напористым

that is coming it a little too strong — это уж слишком!

not to know whether /if/ one is coming or going — растеряться, потерять голову; не знать, на каком ты свете

come day, go day — ≅ день да ночь, сутки прочь

it’s come day, go day with him — ему ни до чего нет дела; день прожил — и ладно

everything comes to him who waits — кто ждёт, тот дождётся; ≅ терпение и труд всё перетрут

after dinner comes the reckoning — поел — плати!; ≅ любишь кататься, люби и саночки возить

he who comes uncalled, sits unserved — пришёл без приглашения — не жди угощения

НБАРС > come

18
across

1. [əʹkrɒs]

1. 1) поперёк, в ширину; от края до края

a line drawn across — линия, проведённая поперёк

2. 1) на ту сторону

when did he come across? — когда он переправился?

2) по ту сторону; на той стороне

by this time he is across — теперь он уже там /на той стороне/

3) (from) напротив

3. крест-накрест

4.

(включено) параллельно

2. [əʹkrɒs]

1) через

to run [to walk] across the road [the street] — перебежать [перейти] (через) дорогу [улицу]

2) по

to slap smb. across the face — ударить кого-л. по лицу

3) поперёк

a coat thrown across a bench — пальто, переброшенное через скамью

a headline across the front page of the paper — заголовок через всю первую полосу газеты

the two lines cut across each other — эти две линии пересекаются под прямым углом

4) через; по ту сторону на той стороне

he addressed me from across the room — он обратился ко мне с противоположного конца комнаты

across the border — а) через границу; б) за границей

5) :

to come /to run/ across a friend — неожиданно встретить знакомого

I came across this book at a secondhand bookshop — я напал /наткнулся/ на эту книгу у букиниста

across country — напрямик, не по дорогам

НБАРС > across

19
come

1. v приходить; идти

volunteers, come forward — добровольцы, вперёд!

2. v приезжать, прибывать

3. v идти; ехать

come! — пошли!, идём!

4. v подходить, приближаться

5. v доходить, достигать

come across — быть понятным, доходить до собеседника

6. v равняться, достигать

come short of — иметь недостаток в; не достигать; не достичь; не достигнуть; не оправдывать; не оправдать

7. v сводиться

8. v прийти; достичь

9. v наступать, приходить

his turn came — наступила его очередь, настал его черёд

come in — приходить, прибывать

come on — наступать, надвигаться

10. v ожидаться, предстоять

11. v появляться, возникать

12. v находиться

13. v случаться; происходить; проистекать

14. v выходить, получаться, приводить

15. v происходить, иметь происхождение

16. v прорастать, всходить, расти

17. v амер. разг. устроить, сделать

18. v разг. испытать оргазм, кончить

19. v выражает

come out with it, boy — ну, парень, выкладывай

20. v упрёк, протест ну что вы!

come again? — простите, не расслышал, что вы сказали?

21. v увещевание полно!, ну, ну!

22. v будущее

23. v считать, считая с

Синонимический ряд:

1. advance (verb) advance; come along; get along; march; move; proceed; progress

2. amount (verb) add up; aggregate; amount; number; sum into; sum to; total

3. amounted (verb) added up; aggregated; amounted; numbered; run into; run to; summed into; summed to; totaled or totalled

4. arrive (verb) appear at; approach; arrive; attain; close in; draw near; get; get in; show

5. arrived (verb) arrived; got in or gotten in; got or gotten; reached; shown or showed; shown up or showed up; turned up

6. become (verb) become; go; gone; grown; run; turn; turned; wax; waxed

7. happen (verb) befall; betide; break; chance; do; fall; fall out; give; hap; happen; occur; pass; transpire

8. happened (verb) befallen; betided; broken; chanced; come off; developed; done; fallen out; given; happened; occurred; passed; risen; transpired

9. reach (verb) develop; expand; extend; grow; join; reach; spread; stretch

10. reach orgasm (verb) climax; copulate; ejaculate; enjoy sex; have an orgasm; reach orgasm; reach sexual fulfillment

11. show up (verb) appear; be accessible; be at one’s disposal; be convenient; be handy; be obtainable; be ready; enter; show up; turn up

12. sprung (verb) arise; derive; emanate; flow; hail; issue; originate; rise; sprung; stem

Антонимический ряд:

leave; withdraw

English-Russian base dictionary > come

20
come

The Americanisms. English-Russian dictionary. > come