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Don’t know what to say instead of but? In this article, I will show you eight easy alternatives for the English word but.

The English word but is a short and easy word. It’s one of the first words you learn when you start learning English. 

As a result, we use it a lot. Maybe even too often.

The problem is that you don’t want to sound repetitive.

As a confident English speaker, you want to know good alternative words you can use instead of “but.”

When you write and speak English professionally, it’s good to know other ways to say but.

The Meaning of “But”

alternatives for but

*Note: This article may contain affiliate links, which means we may receive a small commission, at no cost to you, if you make a purchase through a link.

The English word but is a conjunction. Therefore, we use it to connect two ideas

By saying but, you add another statement.

Usually, this additional idea is different from the first idea. Thus, you can use but to link and contrast two different ideas.

Example: 

It’s been a good year for our business, but we have to do a lot more to reach our goals. 

The meaning of but in the dictionary

Keep Punctuation and Sentence Structure in Mind with “But”

but - Business English vocabulary

What do you have to keep in mind if you want to use alternative words for but?

In most cases, the conjunction but will come after a comma.

The country’s economy is in a recession, but people are still buying our products.

If you are wondering what to say instead of but, remember that you sometimes cannot simply replace the word without changing the sentence.

In some cases, you cannot simply swap the words and leave the rest of the sentence.

Instead, you have to start a second sentence or use a semicolon to divide the two ideas in the sentence.

For most of the alternatives I will show you, you have to change the structure or punctuation of your sentence.

You have two options: Start a new sentence or use a semicolon.

___________________; however,______________.

___________________. However, ______________.

You can use a semicolon when you join two independent clauses together. Here is a list of examples you can use with a semicolon, but there are many others that also work.

  • however
  • moreover
  • therefore
  • consequently
  • otherwise
  • furthermore
  • nevertheless
  • thus
  • yet
  • for example
  • namely

Let’s look at eight ways to say but – but by changing each sentence a bit.

1. however

/ˌhaʊˈev.ɚ/

The word however is most often used to show a contrast. 

You can use however to introduce a different idea by starting a new sentence or by separating two closely related sentences with a semicolon. 

Examples: 

Tim is one potential candidate for the job. However, there are others.

It’s been a good year for our business; however, we have to do a lot more to reach our goals. 

2. though

/ðoʊ/

The word though is another alternative to but. It is mainly used in speaking. 

Examples:

We need to hire help, though it will be difficult to find the right person for the job.

I speak English quite well, though I have never had formal lessons. 

3. whereas

/werˈæz/

The word whereas is a more formal alternative to but. We use it to show a contrast between two ideas. 

Examples: 

She’s very hard-working, whereas I struggle to achieve my goals.

He complained about the problem, whereas I was looking for solutions.

4. although

/ɑːlˈðoʊ/

You can also use although instead of but to link two different statements. 

Although is used more in writing. Just like though, it means ‘in spite of.’ Read more about the difference between though and although here.

Examples: 

I liked the ideas he presented in the meeting, although I don’t think the board will accept them.

This month has been productive overall, although we had to multitask a few times.

5. yet

/jet/

The word yet is used to add a new statement that is in contrast to the first statement. We often use yet in writing and rarely in spoken English.

Examples: 

She’s focused on her career. Yet, she also thrives in her personal life.

He presented very good ideas in the meeting. Yet, I don’t think the board will accept them.

6. except

/ɪkˈsept/

If you want to say but not, you can use the word except instead. It means but not or not  including.

Examples: 

 Our whitepaper includes marketing topics, except social media marketing.

The whole team attended the meeting except Sarah.

7. nevertheless

/ˌnev.ɚ.ðəˈles/

The word nevertheless is a great alternative to but and however. We use the same punctuation as with however: either after a full stop or after a semicolon, then followed by a comma. 

Examples: 

Nevertheless, there may be other reasons that we don’t know about.

It’s been a good year for our business; nevertheless, we have to do a lot more work to reach our goals. 

8. despite this

/dɪˈspaɪt ðɪs/

If you want to replace but, you can also use despite this. This phrase introduces a contrast, as well. In this case, it means that the second statement is not influenced or prevented by what was said before.

Examples:

The country’s economy is in a recession. Despite this, people are still buying our products.

She just returned from a business trip this morning. Despite this, she will attend the meeting.

Pro Tip: Use Writing Tools to See the Words in Context

Grammarly is a helpful tool that I use for all my writing. It’s an English proofreader. You can use the Grammarly app or browser extension to mark spelling, punctuation, and grammar mistakes. Grammarly even gives you suggestions on how to improve these mistakes!

Still not sure what to say instead of but? On the Thesaurus website, you can test which word you can use in your sentence instead of but. This feature is an easy way to see how your sentence looks with different synonyms.

I also recommend Writefull to any English learner. This is a powerful tool that helps you improve your writing for free. Whenever you are not sure how to use a word in English, you can look it up on Writefull and see how it is used in context with examples from real texts, such as books, news, and scientific articles. 

Conclusion

The English conjunction but is a great word. It’s short and useful. 

But… you can also use many other words and phrases instead of but to avoid repetition. 

Moreover, varying your vocabulary lets you communicate more clearly in English.

When swaping but with another word, pay attention to the sentence structure and punctuation – it might have to change. 

When you choose certain alternative words and phrases for but, you have to change the punctuation in your sentence.

Depending on which alternative you chose, you might need to add a semicolon or divide the sentence into two. 

You can use several online tools to help you write correctly in English.

Further Reading: Business English Words

Use these 20 words instead of “very” in business

15 Words to use instead of “good”

What to say instead of “important” in English

You may have wondered if there is another word for but. Well, you may be surprised to find that there are a lot of synonyms for this conjunction. Yet, but can also be used as a preposition, and an adverb, aside from being a conjunction. Therefore, but can actually have several exact meanings depending on how it is used in a sentence or which part of speech it’s in. Yet it’s generally used to indicate contrast or exception.

But why is it even important to find synonyms for this word? Since the word but is used every day, or in almost every sentence we read, you must know other synonyms of that word to add variation to any article you’re writing and avoid redundancy. Yes, you can easily find the synonyms of a word in Thesaurus; however, finding a word in Thesaurus isn’t enough if you want to master and memorize the synonyms for but.

In this article, you can find a list of words, usage, and even example sentences to clarify things. After all, learning a word isn’t complete without a sentence or two. Now it’s time to enlist synonym important substitute words for but. So, are you ready to be a master of this word in one day? Read on and search no more.

What can be another word for but?

Now that you know that the meaning of the word but depends on its use or part of speech, what can be used in place of this word? Let us enumerate for you a list of synonyms of but from Thesaurus.

although still except
disregarding aside from not including
omitting without on the other hand
passing over yet nevertheless
though however barring

Of course, this wouldn’t be complete without some examples. Here they are along with the part of speech the word is in:

  • Everybody in the house except for Sheila wakes up at 7 A.M. (conjunction)
  • Jeff began abusing Sarah when they moved in. Still, Sarah chose to stay. (conjunction)
  • Aside from David, Ivan and Rogie really like the new girl in their section. (preposition)
  • They didn’t have a map with them. However, they were able to find their way back home. (adverb)
  • In the reality show, they were able to find food and overcome all the obstacles, except for Leila. (preposition)
  • She didn’t like how Paul treats his mom. Nevertheless, she tried to understand where he’s coming from. (adverb)
  • Pia and Wendy like to show off their impromptu skills whenever they’re performing on stage. On the other hand, Rina always chose to play by the book. (adverb)

What’s another way of saying but?

Another word for but can’t be too difficult if you know what you exactly need for using it. There are actually plenty of ways to say and use but. But, unlike the first list, you cannot literally substitute these words for but. You’ll need to reword them, as these are just related words and not exactly synonyms. To give you the list and examples of similar words, here they are:

restricting without regard to exclusive of despite
excluding ruling out not counting other than
besides in spite of if not in contrast
notwithstanding leaving out howbeit apart from
if not outside of no more than

Examples:

  • Besides Wendy, Emily and Shane will also be leaving for the US in May. (preposition)
  • If not for the noise that awoke me today, I would have a perfect day. (adverb)
  • In spite of constantly pushing him out of her life, Leo still loves Ana. (adverb)
  • Despite the numerous attempt to find her and her daughter the whole day, the rescue team failed. (adverb)
  • Like Olivia, Hannah treated her sister gently. In contrast, Ken treated her so rudely. (conjunction)
  • Apart from Leo, Jem, Kristine, and Von are related to each other. (preposition)

How do you say but in a formal way?

There is really no formal way of saying or writing but. However, if you want to sound more professional or formal, you can find a list of substitutes words for but below:

  • however
  • nonetheless
  • nevertheless
  • conversely
  • in contrast
  • howbeit
  • notwithstanding

Again, these words can be used as a preposition, conjunction, or adverb.

Final Thoughts

Now that you have a handy list of synonyms for but, you won’t have to search or dig through Thesaurus again for both synonyms and related words! But of course, the best thing is that you already have more than one way of referring to the word but, whether it is a conjunction, preposition, or adverb.

Each sentence with the word in action and part of speech should also be helpful for you. These should inspire you in writing your sentences and using a synonym or two for but! We hope you enjoyed the list of synonyms and related words that we have for you. Now, try to use these words for yourself!

Рассказали о том, что такое модифицирующие наречия, как они используются в английском языке и взаимодействуют с разными типами прилагательных.

Наречия уровня Advanced

Modifying adverbs (наречия-модификаторы) — группа наречий, которые усиливают или ослабляют значение прилагательных или других наречий. Самые простые из них — very и really (очень), absolutely и completely (совершенно), а также quite (достаточно). Если же вы хотите разнообразить свою речь более сложными наречиями-модификаторами, обращайте внимание на два аспекта. Во-первых, учитывайте особенности употребления наречий-модификаторов с разными типами прилагательных. Во-вторых, запоминайте устойчивые словосочетания, ведь никакое правило не объяснит, почему носители говорят heavily polluted (серьезно загрязненный) вместо seriously polluted. Об этих и других аспектах мы рассказали в сегодняшней статье, а также привели примеры корректного употребления наречий-модификаторов в английской речи.

Использование наречий с gradable adjectives

Большинство прилагательных в английском языке относятся к группе gradable, такие прилагательные имеют сравнительную степень, например:

My house is more beautiful than yours, but my sister’s house is the most beautiful one in our street. — Мой дом более красивый, чем твой, но дом моей сестры — самый красивый на нашей улице.

Для усиления значения таких прилагательных мы можем использовать наречия из списка ниже. Оговорим, что на русский язык наречия-модификаторы могут переводится как дословно, так и с замещением прилагательного на глагол или устойчивое словосочетание.

  • Very, really, pretty (informal), most (formal) — очень

    I was very/really upset when I heard the news yesterday. — Я очень расстроился вчера, когда услышал новости.
    She was pretty angry with her boyfriend. — Она сильно злилась на своего парня.
    She is a most lovely person. — Она очень хороший человек.

  • Completely, entirely, totally — совершенно, абсолютно

    He was completely serious about moving to another country. — Он совершенно серьезно говорил о переезде в другую страну.
    We’ve held two entirely/totally different events in one day. — Мы провели два совершенно разных мероприятия в один день.

  • Highly, perfectly — вполне, весьма

    Winning the match that night was highly likely for us. — Наша победа в матче в тот вечер была весьма вероятна.
    It was a perfectly reasonable decision. — Это было весьма разумное решение.

  • Seriously, heavily, deeply — серьезно, тяжело, глубоко

    He was seriously injured in an accident. — Он был тяжело ранен в аварии.
    The ocean is heavily polluted. — Океан серьезно загрязнен.
    I am deeply disappointed that we haven’t managed to win the match. — Я глубоко разочарован тем, что нам не удалось выиграть матч.

  • Bitterly, extremely, hideously, painfully — ужасно, крайне

    They were bitterly ashamed to face their parents after they had been suspended from school. — Им было ужасно стыдно смотреть в глаза родителям после того, как их отстранили от занятий.
    The road is extremely dangerous. — Эта дорога ужасно опасная.

    The watch you bought is hideously expensive. — Часы, которые ты купил, ужасно дорогие.
    The music at the party next door was painfully loud. — Музыка на вечеринке у соседей была ужасно громкой.

Для того чтобы несколько ослабить значение прилагательного, мы можем использовать следующие наречия:

  • quite — достаточно

    She was quite sure she had passed the exam. — Она была достаточно уверена, что сдала экзамен.

  • fairly — довольно

    He is a fairly decent guy. — Он довольно приличный парень.

  • slightly — слегка

    We were slightly curious to know what happened, but no one actually bothered to ask them. — Нам было слегка любопытно узнать, что случилось, но никто не потрудился спросить их.

  • rather — достаточно

    The film was rather boring. — Фильм был достаточно скучный.

  • a little bit (informal) — немного

    He was a little bit disappointed by his results. — Он был немного разочарован своими результатами.

  • barely, scarcely — едва

    His handwriting is barely legible. — Его почерк едва можно разобрать.
    The time is almost up, and my essay is scarcely finished. — Время почти вышло, а мое эссе едва ли закончено.

  • somewhat (formal) — несколько

    She gave me a somewhat abrupt answer. — Она дала мне несколько резкий ответ.

Использование наречий с non-gradable adjectives

С прилагательными, которые не имеют сравнительной степени (non-gradable), употребляются лишь некоторые наречия. Наиболее распространенное из них — absolutely (‎совершенно, крайне).

It was absolutely boiling yesterday. — Вчера было так жарко, что аж нечем было дышать.

Также могут использоваться completely, totally, utterly. Обратите внимание, что все они тоже имеют значение «‎совершенно» или «‎крайне».

I am afraid you are completely wrong about her motives. — Боюсь, вы совершенно неправы насчет ее мотивов.
He was totally exhausted at the finish line. — На финише он был совершенно обессиленным.
I found her story utterly ridiculous. — Ее история показалась мне совершенно смехотворной.

Наречие quite также используется с non-gradable adjectives, но здесь оно означает не «‎достаточно», а «‎совершенно».

I am quite positive we need to turn left at the crossroads. — Я совершенно уверен, что на перекрестке нам надо свернуть налево.

Для того чтобы ослабить значение non-gradable прилагательного, используют наречия со значением «почти‎», «практически‎»: almost, nearly, practically, virtually.

Do you have a charger? The battery is almost dead. — У тебя есть зарядное устройство? Аккумулятор почти сел.
It was nearly impossible to win a medal at the Olympics, but after four years of excessive training she was able to do that. — Выиграть медаль на Олимпиаде было практически невозможно, однако после четырех лет тяжелых тренировок ей это удалось.

I hadn’t had breakfast in the morning, so I was practically starving during the lecture. — Я не позавтракала утром, поэтому на лекции практически умирала от голода.
Being a space tourist is a virtually unique experience. — Космический туризм — это фактически уникальный опыт.

Устойчивые словосочетания: наречие и прилагательное

Мы рассмотрели общие правила сочетания наречий с различными типами прилагательных, однако сложность в употреблении модификаторов состоит в том, что большинство из них не используются с любым прилагательным не потому, что это грамматически неправильно, а потому, что такова лингвистическая традиция. Многие наречия употребляются только с определенными прилагательными, и эти пары придется запомнить. Ниже мы привели таблицу с наиболее распространенными устойчивыми словосочетаниями.

Наречие Словосочетание
barely — едва barely alive — едва живой
barely comprehensible — едва понятный
barely legible — едва читаемый
bitterly — крайне, ужасно bitterly ashamed — ужасно стыдно
bitterly cold — ужасно холодный
bitterly disappointed — глубоко/ужасно разочарованный
bitterly divided — крайне разобщенный
bitterly hostile — крайне враждебный
bitterly humiliated — ужасно униженный
bitterly opposed — в ужасном противоречии
completely — совершенно, полностью completely alone — совершенно один
completely different — совершенно другой
completely drained — полностью истощенный
completely empty — совершенно пустой
completely extinguished — полностью исчезнувший
completely full — полностью заполненный
completely honest — совершенно честный
completely immune — совершенно невосприимчивый
completely incapable — совершенно неспособный
completely incomprehensible — совершенно непонятный
completely lost — совершенно потерянный
completely negative — полностью негативный
completely new — совершенно новый
completely open — совершенно открытый, абсолютно честный
completely right — совершенно верно
completely serious — совершенно серьезный
completely wrong — совершенно неправильно
deeply — глубоко, крайне deeply ashamed — крайне стыдно
deeply attached — глубоко привязанный
deeply conscious — глубоко осознанный
deeply conservative — крайне консервативный
deeply depressed — в глубокой депрессии
deeply disappointed — глубоко разочарованный
deeply disturbed — крайне обеспокоенный
deeply embedded — глубоко укоренившийся
deeply embittered — крайне ожесточенный
deeply hurt — глубоко задетый
deeply indebted — крайне обязанный (кому-то)
deeply ingrained — глубоко укоренившийся
deeply in love with — крайне влюбленный
deeply involved — глубоко вовлеченный
deeply meaningful — имеющий глубокий смысл
deeply moving — крайне трогательный, задевающий за живое
deeply painful — крайне болезненный
deeply serious — совершенно серьезный
deeply sorry — глубоко сожалеющий
entirely — совершенно, полностью, всецело entirely absent — совершенно отсутствующий
entirely beneficial — совершенно полезный
entirely clear — совершенно ясный
entirely convinced — полностью убежденный
entirely different — полностью другой
entirely false — полностью неверный
entirely fitting — полностью подходящий
entirely free — полностью свободный
entirely global — совершенно глобальный
entirely impersonal — совершенно беспристрастный
entirely loyal — всецело преданный
entirely new — полностью новый
entirely obvious — совершенно очевидный
entirely satisfactory — полностью удовлетворительный
heavily — тяжело, серьезно heavily armed — тяжело вооруженный
heavily booked — почти полностью забронированный
heavily built — крепкого сложения
heavily censored — подвергшийся жесткой цензуре
heavily criticised — получивший жесткую критику
heavily embroiled — глубоко втянутый (во что-то)
heavily flavoured — с сильным вкусом/запахом
heavily guarded — серьезно охраняемый
heavily involved — серьезно вовлеченный
heavily muscled — с развитой мускулатурой, серьезно подготовленный
heavily polluted — серьезно загрязненный
heavily populated — густонаселенный
heavily protected — серьезно охраняемый
heavily publicized — широко освещаемый
heavily regulated — строго регулируемый
hideously — страшно, ужасно, жутко hideously bad — ужасно плохой
hideously burnt — страшно обожженный
hideously deformed — страшно деформированный
hideously disfigured — страшно изуродованный
hideously embarrassing — страшно неловкий, ужасно стыдный
hideously expensive — страшно дорогой
hideously lurid — чересчур яркий
hideously mangled — страшно искалеченный
hideously swollen — страшно опухший
highly — высоко, крайне highly contagious — крайне заразный
highly controversial — крайне противоречивый
highly critical — крайне важный, ключевой
highly dependent — крайне зависимый
highly developed — высокоразвитый
highly educated — высокообразованный
highly enjoyable — крайне приятный
highly flexible — крайне гибкий
highly intelligent — очень умный
highly mobile — крайне подвижный
highly paid — высокооплачиваемый
highly personal — крайне личный
highly political — крайне политизированный
highly popular — крайне популярный
highly publicized — получивший широкую огласку
highly qualified — высококвалифицированный
highly recommended — крайне рекомендованный
highly regarded — высоко оцененный
highly relevant — крайне актуальный
highly resistant — крайне устойчивый
highly respected — глубокоуважаемый
highly significant — крайне значимый
highly skilled — высококвалифицированный
highly specialised — высоко специализированный
highly technical — высоко техничный
highly toxic — крайне токсичный
highly trained — высококвалифицированный
highly unlikely — весьма маловероятный
highly valued — высоко оцененный
highly volatile — крайне нестабильный
painfully — до боли, крайне painfully acute — крайне острый, неотложный
painfully aware — прекрасно осознающий
painfully evocative — до боли яркие воспоминания
painfully learned — выученный на горьком опыте
painfully loud — ужасно громкий
painfully obvious — до боли очевидный
painfully self-conscious — страшно застенчивый
painfully sensitive — крайне чувствительный
painfully shy — страшно застенчивый
painfully slow — страшно медленный
painfully small — крайне маленький
painfully sparse — крайне скудный
painfully thin — болезненно худой
perfectly — совершенно, прекрасно, идеально perfectly balanced — совершенно уравновешенный
perfectly capable — прекрасно способный
perfectly fitting — прекрасно подходящий
perfectly formed — идеально сделанный
perfectly genuine — совершенно искренний
perfectly good — совершенно прекрасный
perfectly healthy — совершенно здоровый
perfectly normal — совершенно нормальный
perfectly placed — идеально расположенный
perfectly rational — совершенно рациональный
perfectly reasonable — совершенно разумный
perfectly safe — совершенно безопасный
perfectly still — совершенно неподвижный
perfectly straightforward — совершенно прямолинейный
perfectly understandable — совершенно неустойчивый
perfectly valid — совершенно серьезный, обоснованный
pretty — достаточно pretty doubtful — достаточно сомнительный
pretty hopeless — достаточно безнадежный
seriously — серьезно, действительно seriously alarmed — серьезно вооруженный
seriously damaged — серьезно поврежденный
seriously exposed — действительно незащищенный
seriously hit — получивший серьезный удар
seriously hurt — серьезно раненный
seriously ill — серьезно больной
seriously impaired — серьезно поврежденный
seriously rich — действительно богатый
seriously threatened — находящийся под угрозой
seriously undermined — серьезно пошатнувшийся
seriously wealthy — действительно состоятельный
seriously worried — всерьез переживающий
totally — совершенно, полностью totally abandoned — совершенно заброшенный
totally alien — совершенно чужой
totally decent — совершенно приличный
totally destroyed — полностью разрушенный
totally different — совершенно другой
totally embarrassed — крайне смущенный
totally harmless — совершенно безобидный
totally homogenous — полностью гомогенный
totally honest — совершенно честный
totally inadequate — совершенно неадекватный
totally incompetent — совершенно некомпетентный
totally integrated — полностью интегрированный
totally irresistible — сногсшибательный, совершенно непреодолимый
totally logical — совершенно логичный
totally new — совершенно новый
totally normal — совершенно нормальный
totally overpowering — совершенно невыносимый
totally stiff — полностью онемевший
totally surprising — совершенно неожиданный
totally unacceptable — совершенно неприемлемый
totally unbelievable — совершенно невероятный
totally unjustified — совершенно неоправданный
totally wasted — потраченный впустую
utterly — крайне, совершенно utterly abandoned — совершенно заброшенный
utterly alone — в полном одиночестве
utterly appalled — в полном ужасе
utterly careless — крайне беззаботный
utterly defected — совершенно неисправный
utterly destroyed — полностью разрушенный
utterly devoted — крайне преданный
utterly different — совершенно другой
utterly disastrous — крайне катастрофичный
utterly fearless — крайне бесстрашный
utterly futile — крайне бесполезный
utterly impossible — крайне невозможный
utterly irresistible — сногсшибательный, совершенно непреодолимый
utterly lacking — полностью отсутствующий
utterly ruthless — крайне жестокий
utterly tragic — крайне трагичный
utterly unacceptable — крайне неприемлемый
utterly unattainable — совершенно недостижимый
utterly useless — совершенно бесполезный
utterly wrecked — полностью разрушенный

Использование прилагательного с другим наречием не всегда будет ошибкой, хотя для носителя может звучать непривычно. В нашей таблице приведены лишь наиболее распространенные фразы, если вы сомневаетесь, какое наречие будет уместным, советуем обращаться к Collocation Dictionary.

Пройдите наш авторский тест на определение уровня владения английским, чтобы знать точно, на какой ступени вы сейчас находитесь, и получить ценные рекомендации по совершенствованию знаний.

Выбирая, каким наречием-модификатором украсить свою речь, помните о двух вещах. Во-первых, учитывайте к какой группе относится прилагательное — gradable или non-gradable. Во-вторых, запомните устойчивые пары прилагательных и наречий. Тем, кто хочет проверить свои знания на практике, предлагаем ответить на вопросы нашего теста.

Тест по теме «Наречия уровня Advanced»

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While working on developing the lexicon in one of my constructed languages, I encountered a slight difficulty in using standard classifications for words like very, extremely, really, and quite.

To demonstrate this, here is an example sentence with a noun, an adjective, a verb, and an adverb:

The bad dog howled angrily.

If any of those parts of speech is replaced by a word like very, extremely, etc., the sentence does not seem to be grammatical. For example,

The extremely dog howled angrily. —(Extremely does not work as an adjective)

The bad very howled angrily. —(Very does not work as a noun)

The bad dog really angrily. —(Really does not work as a verb)

The bad dog howled quite. —(Quite does not work as an adverb)

Thus, this set of words does not seem to fit any of the main part of speech roles. (A similar experiment could be used to eliminate parts of speech which more obviously do not fit, such as prepositions, demonstratives, articles, conjunctions, and so on.)

(Some of the words do have several meanings where they can be other parts of speech,

The very day you eat of it you will die.

Are you really going to lick that ice cream off of the floor?

Do you like Mozart? Oh yes, quite.

but I am disregarding those other meanings.)

However, I noticed that these words do work when they modify modifiers, i.e. adjectives and adverbs, as can be seen in the following example sentences.

The very bad dog howled quite angrily.

All of the extremely smart girls will very quietly figure out a quite clever solution.

Is he really that stupid?

Just for my purposes of labelling the words in my language, I just invented a term that I think fits their role in the sentence: meta-modifier. I did notice that dictionaries list these words as adverbs.

Since adverbs can modify participles, which can be classified as adjectives,

The filthily clothed man tried to hug me.

it makes a little bit of sense. But, AFAICT, adverbs cannot modify other adverbs or non-participle adjectives, but very, extremely, really, and quite can.

So my question (finally) is, are these words really adverbs, and if not, how can these words be classified?

Потому что мы говорим не словами, а устойчивыми фразами, раз за разом используя привычные словосочетания. Именно построение фразы выдаёт иностранца, говорящего так, словно он читает газету. У носителя же языка готовые словесные обороты выскакивают сами собой.

Фактрум публикует самые важные английские идиомы с переводами и примерами их употребления.

Идиомы с трактовкой и синонимами Перевод Пример after all — despite, nevertheless все-таки I knew it! After all, I was right! all along — all the time все время, всегда I knew about his little secret all along. all ears — eager to listen весь внимание I am all ears. all of a sudden — suddenly неожиданно All of a sudden, he refused to pay. all the same — no difference все равно, без разницы If it’s all the same to you, let’s start at two. all thumbs — clumsy неуклюжий, неумелый He can’t fix anything, he’s all thumbs. apple of discord — subject of envy or quarrel яблоко раздора This question is an apple of discord in our family. as a rule — usually как правило As a rule, we offer a 5% discount. as far as I am concerned — in my opinion что касается меня, по моему мнению As far as I am concerned, both the book and the movie are good. as for me/as to me — in my opinion по моему мнению As for me, you can rely on his support. as well — also, too тоже, также He knows math, and physics as well. at all — (not) in the smallest degree совсем (не) He doesn’t know French at all. I don’t like it at all. at random — without order наугад, без плана He chose those places at random. at this point — at this time на данном этапе At this point, we can’t turn back. be about to — ready (to do) готов сделать I was about to leave when you called. be after someone — insist, press настаивать, чтобы сделал His mother is always after him to study. be all in — be extremely tired очень устать I’m all in, I’d better go to bed now. be back on one’s feet — healthy again or better financially встать на ноги после трудного времени He’s back on his feet after a long period of debt and unemployment. beat around the bush — avoid giving a clear/definite answer ходить вокруг да около Stop beating around the bush! Get to the point! be beside oneself — be very upset, nervous, worried, etc. быть вне себя от волнения, горя и др. She was beside herself with worry / with grief. be better off — be in a better situation (financially) в лучшей ситуации (материально) He’ll be better off with a new job. be broke — have no money at all быть «на мели» (без денег) I spent all my money, I’m broke. be hard on something /someone — treat roughly не беречь что-то My son is hard on shoes, they don’t last long with him. Life was pretty hard on Tom. be high on one’s list — be one of the most important things быть в начале списка нужных вещей A new car is high on my list of priorities. A new TV is not high on my list. be in charge of — be responsible for быть ответственным за He is in charge of marketing. be in the red — be in debt быть убыточным Our sales were in the red last year. be into smth. — be interested in увлекаться чем-то He is into computers. She is into sports. bend over backwards — try hard очень стараться I bent over backwards to help her. be on one’s way Я уже еду. I’m on my way. be on the safe side — not to take any chances на всякий случай Take an extra key, just to be on the safe side. be out of — be without нет в наличии We are out of bread, cheese, and sugar. be out of shape — be physically unfit быть не в форме He needs to exercise, he is out of shape. be out of sorts — in bad humor не в духе Leave him alone, he’s out of sorts today be pressed for time / money — be short of; not have enough не хватать времени или денег I’m pressed for time now. We are pressed for money at the moment. beside the point — off the point не по существу, не относится к делу What I said to him privately is beside the point. be to blame — be responsible for a mistake / something wrong винить за ошибку, неправильные действия Who is to blame for this awful mistake? Tom is to blame for this mix-up. be touch and go — be uncertain of the result на грани; неясно, куда повернется He was very sick, and for some time it was touch and go, but he is better now. be up against — be opposed by, have problems, be in danger иметь серьезные проблемы в чем-то, с чем-то Our company is up against serious attempts of hostile takeover. be up and around/about — able to be out of bed after an illness встать на ноги, поправиться He was sick for a month, but now he is up and around. be up to one’s ears — very busy по уши I’m up to my ears in work. be up to something — do mischief задумать, затеять I have to check what the kids are up to. be up to someone — be one’s own decision or responsibility на ваше усмотрение, под вашу ответственность It’s up to you to decide. It’s up to you to close the office every day at 8 o’clock. be used to — be accustomed to быть привычным к I’m used to hard work. He’s used to heat. big shot — important person важная персона He is a big shot around here. bite off more than one can chew — try to do more than one can переоценить свои силы I couldn’t handle two jobs and family. I really bit off more than I could chew. bite one’s tongue — stop talking прикусить язык I almost told her, but bit my tongue. bite the dust — die, be defeated умереть, падать ниц Many of them bit the dust in that war. black sheep — a good-for-nothing member of the family паршивая овца Their second son is the black sheep of the family, he is good for nothing. blind date — a meeting of a man and woman arranged by friends свидание вслепую She refuses to go on a blind date again because she had bad experience. blow it — lose the chance потерять шанс He understood that he blew it. blow over — pass, end стихнуть, пройти Wait here till his anger blows over. bottom line — main result/factor итог, основной момент The bottom line is, I don’t have enough money. break into — enter by force ворваться (в дом) силой The police broke into the robber’s house. break one’s heart — hurt deeply разбить сердце The news of her death broke his heart. break the ice — overcome shyness in making the first step сломать неловкость при знакомстве The party was dull until someone broke the ice with a joke and we all laughed. break the news — tell new facts сообщить важную новость CNN is breaking the news right now. bring home the bacon — earn the living for the family обеспечить семью He works very hard at several places to bring home the bacon. brush off — give no attention to отмахнуться от The boss brushed off my project again. brush up on — review освежить в памяти You need to brush up on the tenses. by all means -definitely, certainly обязательно, конечно Do you need my help? — By all means. by heart — by memorizing наизусть Learn this poem by heart for tomorrow. by hook or by crook — by any means possible любым путем, любым способом She will get what she wants by hook or by crook. by the way — incidentally кстати By the way, Ann is coming back today. call a spade a spade — use plain, direct words называть вещи своими именами He always tells the truth and calls a spade a spade. call it a day — consider work finished for the day считать работу законченной We’ve been working for 10 straight hours. Let’s call it a day. call off — cancel отменить, отозвать The police called off the search. carry out — fulfill доводить до конца She never carries out her plans. carry weight — be important иметь вес His advice always carries weight here. cast down — depressed, sad повергнуть в уныние He was cast down by the bad news. castles in the air — daydreaming about success (строить) воздушные замки Instead of working hard, he spends time building castles in the air. catch one’s eye — attract attention привлечь внимание This picture caught my eye. catch one’s breath — stop and rest перевести дух I can’t run, I need to catch my breath. catch someone off guard — catch someone unprepared застать врасплох He caught me off guard with his question. catch someone red-handed — find smb. in the act of doing wrong поймать за руку, когда делал плохое The manager caught the boy red-handed when he was stealing cigarettes. catch up — become not behind догнать He needs to catch up with the others. close call — a narrow escape, a bad thing that almost happened что-то плохое, что едва не случилось The speeding car almost hit the man. That was really a close call. come across — meet by chance наткнуться на I came across that article yesterday. come down with — become ill заболеть чем-то I’m coming down with a cold. come to one’s senses — start acting reasonably, intelligently взяться за ум, придти в себя He finally came to his senses, started to work hard, and passed his exams. come true — become reality осуществиться My dream came true when I met Pat. come up with — suggest предложить Mike came up with a brilliant idea. count on — depend on рассчитывать на You can always count on me for help. cut corners — to take a short-cut; to limit one’s spending срезать углы; ограничить расходы He ran fast, cutting corners where he could. I have to cut corners this week. cut down on — reduce сократить потребление You have to cut down on chocolate. cut out to be /cut out for it — have the ability to do something быть созданным для какой-то работы She isn’t cut out to be a surgeon. He’s cut out to be a leader. do one’s best — try very hard сделать все, что смог I did my best to help him in his work. do one’s bit — do what’s needed сделать положенное I’ll do my bit, you can count on me. do over — do again сделать заново This work is not good, do it over. do someone good — be good for принести пользу Fresh air and exercise will do you good. do something behind one’s back — do (harmful) things secretively делать (вредные) дела за спиной I hate people who do things behind my back. He did it behind my back again. do without — live without обходиться без I’ll have to do without a car for a while. down to earth — practical приземленный He’s quiet, sensible and down to earth. draw the line — fix a limit ограничить (предел) He drew the line for her at $100 a day. dress up — put on the best clothes нарядиться What are you dressed up for? drop off — deliver somewhere подвезти до, подбросить до Can you drop me off at the bank? drop out — quit (school) быть отчисленным He dropped out of school last year. duty calls — must fulfill obligations долг обязывает He said, «Duty calls» and left for work. easier said than done легче сказать, чем сделать It’s easier said than done, but I’ll try to do it. eat one’s words — take back words брать назад слова He had to eat his words after her report. even so — nevertheless, but тем не менее I work hard. Even so, I like my job. every now and then -occasionally время от времени Every now and then I visit my old aunt. every other — every second one через один She washes her hair every other day. fall behind — lag behind отстать от The little boy fell behind the older boys. fall in love — begin to love влюбиться Tom fell in love with Sue at first sight. fall out of love — stop loving разлюбить They fell out of love and divorced soon. false alarm — untrue rumor ложная тревога I heard he quit but it was a false alarm. a far cry from something — very different, almost opposite (neg.) далеко не такой хороший, как His second book wasn’t bad, but it was a far cry from his first book. feel it in one’s bones — expect something bad to happen чувствовать, что случится плохое Something bad is going to happen, I feel it in my bones. feel like doing something — want to do, be inclined to do smth. быть склонным к занятию чем-то I feel like going for a walk. I don’t feel like working now, I’m tired. feel up to — be able to do в состоянии сделать I don’t feel up to cleaning the house. few and far between — rare, scarce слишком редкие Her visits are few and far between. find fault with — criticize критиковать He always finds faults with everybody. find out — learn or discover узнать, обнаружить I found out that Maria left town. firsthand — directly from the source из первых рук, достоверная информация You can trust it, it’s firsthand information. first things first — important things come before others сначала главное First things first: how much money do we have to pay right away? fly off the handle — get angry разозлиться (вдруг) He flew off the handle and yelled at me. follow in someone’s footsteps — do the same thing идти по чьим-то следам, делать то же Igor followed in his father’s footsteps, he became a doctor, too. foot in the door — a special opportunity for a job получить шанс на работу Nina got a foot in the door because her friend works in that company. foot the bill — pay the bill заплатить по счету Her father footed the bill for the party. for good — forever навсегда After her death, he left town for good. for the time being — at this time на данное время For the time being, this house is all right for us. frame of mind — mental state умонастроение I can’t do it in this frame of mind. from A to Z — completely от начала до конца He knows this town from A to Z. from now on — now and in the future впредь From now on, I forbid you to go there. get a grip on oneself — take control of one’s feelings контролировать свои чувства Stop crying! Get a grip on yourself! get along with — have good relations быть в хороших отношениях, ладить Ann gets along with most coworkers, but doesn’t get along with Laura. get away with — not be caught after doing wrong уйти от наказания The police didn’t find the thief. He got away with his crime. get carried away — get too excited and enthusiastic about something слишком увлечься чем-то He got carried away with opening a store and lost most of his money. get cold feet — be afraid to do побояться сделать I wanted to try it but got cold feet. get even with — have one’s revenge расквитаться с кем-то I’ll get even with him for everything! get in touch with — contact связаться с кем-то Get in touch with Mr. Smith for help. get lost — lose one’s way потерять дорогу She got lost in the old part of town. Get lost! — Lay off! Исчезни! I don’t want to see you again. Get lost! get mixed up — get confused перепутать I got mixed up, went the wrong way and got lost. get off one’s back — leave alone отстать от кого-то Stop bothering me! Get off my back! get on one’s high horse — behave haughtily towards someone вести себя высокомерно Every time I ask her to help me with typing, she gets on her high horse. get on (the bus, train, plane) сесть на (транспорт) I got on the bus on Oak Street. get off (the bus, train, plane) сойти с (транспорта) I got off the bus at the bank. get out of hand — get out of control выйти из-под контроля If he gets out of hand again, call me right away. get over — recover after an illness or bad experience поправиться, преодолеть что-то I can’t get over how rude he was to me. She got over her illness quite quickly. get rid of — dispose of, discard избавиться He got rid of his old useless car. get together — meet with собираться вместе My friends and I get together often. get to the bottom — know deeply добраться до сути He usually gets to the bottom of things. get to the point — get to the matter дойти до сути дела Get to the point! Give me a break! — spare me с меня хватит Come on, stop it! Give me a break! give someone a hand — help помочь кому-то Can you give me a hand with cooking? give someone a lift /a ride — take to some place by car подвезти кого-то Can you give me a lift to the bank? He gave her a ride in his new Porsche. give someone a piece of one’s mind — criticize frankly высказать, что на уме, критиковать She lost my umbrella again, so I gave her a piece of my mind about her carelessness. give up — stop doing something, stop trying to do something отказаться от чего-то, прекратить попытки I gave up smoking. I gave up trying to fix my old car. go back on one’s word — break a promise нарушить свое слово, обещание First he said he would help me, but then he went back on his word. go for it — try to do a new thing пробовать новое дело If I were you, I would go for it. go from bad to worse — be worse становиться все хуже His business went from bad to worse. go out — go to parties, movies пойти развлекаться Do he and his wife go out often? go out of one’s way -try very hard очень стараться He goes out of his way to please her. go to one’s head — make too proud успех вскружил голову His acting success went to his head. go to pieces — get very upset, fall apart сильно расстроиться She went to pieces when she heard it. go with the flow — lead quiet life плыть по течению She always goes with the flow. grow on someone — become liked постепенно понравиться When she knew him more, he grew on her. had better — should лучше бы, а то… You look ill, you’d better see a doctor. have a ball — have a good time отлично провести время Yesterday we had a ball at the party. have a bone to pick — complain or discuss something unpleasant иметь счеты с кем-то, претензии к кому-то Mr. Brown, I have a bone to pick with you. My mail was lost because of you. have a word with someone — talk to поговорить о чем-то Can I have a word with you? have words with someone — argue with someone about something крупно поговорить I had words with my coworker today because he used my computer again. have it in him — have the ability иметь нужные качества Laura has it in her to be a good doctor. have no business doing something — have no right to do нечего вам здесь делать, быть и др. You have no business staying here without my permission. have one’s back to the wall — be hard-pressed, on the defensive быть прижатым к стене I had no choice, I had my back to the wall. have one’s hands full — very busy быть очень занятым He has his hands full with hard work. have one’s heart set on something — want something very much очень хотеть получить что-то, кого-то She has her heart set on going to New York. He has his heart set on Betty. have pull — have influence on иметь влияние на Does he have pull with the director? (not) have the heart — (not) have the courage to do smth. unpleasant (не) хватает духа сделать неприятное I don’t have the heart to tell him that he wasn’t accepted, he’ll be so unhappy. high and low — everywhere везде (искать и т.д.) I searched high and low for my lost cat. hit the nail on the head — say exactly the right thing попасть в точку You hit the nail on the head when you said our company needs a new director. hit upon something — to discover обнаружить ценное They hit upon gold. I hit upon a plan. hold it against someone — blame somebody for doing something (не) держать зла на кого-то I lost his book, but he doesn’t hold it against me. Hold it! — Stop! Wait! Остановитесь/Стойте! Hold it! I forgot my key. Hold on! — Wait! Подождите! Hold on! I’ll be back in a minute. hold one’s own — maintain oneself in a situation, behave as needed постоять за себя, утвердиться в чем-то He can hold his own in any situation. We need men who can hold their own. hold up — rob using a weapon грабить с применением оружия This bank was held up twice last year. ill at ease — uncomfortable не по себе She felt ill at ease because of her cheap dress. in advance — well before заранее He told her about his plan in advance. in a nutshell — in a few words кратко, вкратце In a nutshell, my plan is to buy land. in care of someone — write to one person at the address of another адресату по адресу другого человека (у кого остановился) I’m staying at Tom’s house. Write to me in care of Tom Gray, Chicago, Illinois. in cold blood — mercilessly хладнокровно He killed her in cold blood. in fact — actually, in reality фактически In fact, he works as a manager here. in general — generally, generally speaking в общем, вообще In general, he likes to be alone. He described the place only in general. in one’s element — what one likes в своей стихии He’s in his element when he’s arguing. in other words — using other words другими словами In other words, you refused to do it for her. in plain English — in simple, frank terms проще говоря I didn’t really like the concert. In plain English, the concert was terrible. the ins and outs — all info about входы и выходы He knows the ins and outs of this business. in someone’s shoes — in another person’s position на месте другого, в положении другого I’d hate to be in his shoes now. He lost his job, and his wife is in the hospital. in the long run — in the end в конечном счете In the long run, it’ll be better to buy it. in the same boat — in the same situation в таком же положении Stop arguing with me, we’re in the same boat and should help each other. in the clear — free from blame вне претензий Pay the bill and you’ll be in the clear. in time (to do something) — before something begins придти вовремя, чтобы успеть что-то сделать (до начала чего-то) I came in time to have a cup of coffee before class. it goes without saying — should be clear without words не стоит и говорить, само собой It goes without saying that he must pay what he owes right away. It’s on the tip of my tongue. вертится на языке His name is on the tip of my tongue. it’s time — should do it right away пора Hurry up, it’s time to go. It’s worth it. / It’s not worth it. It’s (not) worth buying, visiting, watching, etc. оно того стоит /оно того не стоит; (не) стоит покупать, посетить, смотреть и т.д. Watch this film, it’s worth it. Don’t buy this coat, it is not worth it. This museum is worth visiting. This film is not worth watching. it will do — it’s enough достаточно Stop reading, it will do for now. jump at the opportunity/chance — accept the opportunity eagerly ухватиться за возможность His boss mentioned a job in Europe, and Peter jumped at the opportunity. just as soon — prefer this one предпочел бы (это) I’d just as soon stay home, I’m tired. just in case — to be on the safe side на всякий случай Take an extra shirt, just in case. Just my luck! — Bad / Hard luck! Мне всегда не везет! They lost my job application. Just my luck! keep an eye on — take care of, watch, look after последить за, присмотреть за Betty keeps an eye on my sons for me. I’ll keep an eye on you! keep a straight face — not to laugh стараться не смеяться I tried to keep a straight face, but failed. keep company — accompany составить компанию She keeps me company quite often. keep one’s word — fulfill a promise держать слово You promised, now keep your word. keep someone posted — inform держать в курсе событий Keep me posted about your plans. keep your fingers crossed — hope that nothing will go wrong надеяться, что все пройдет гладко I have a job interview today. Keep your fingers crossed for me, will you? kill time — fill/spend empty time убить время I went to the show to kill time. (not) know the first thing about — not to have any knowledge about ничего не знать по какой-то теме I don’t know the first thing about nuclear physics. know the ropes — be very familiar with some business знать все ходы и выходы He knows all the ropes in this company. last-minute notice — little or no time to prepare for something сообщение в последний момент His arrival was a last-minute notice, we didn’t have time to prepare for it. lay one’s cards on the table — be frank and open сказать честно, открыть карты Finally, we asked him to lay his cards on the table and tell us about his plans. lay one’s life on the line — put oneself in a dangerous situation ставить жизнь на карту He laid his life on the line to fulfill this task, but nobody appreciated his efforts. lead a dog’s life — live in misery вести собачью жизнь He leads a dog’s life. lead someone on — make someone believe something that isn’t true заставить кого-то поверить неправде They suspect that you are leading them on. You led me on! leave it at that — accept reluctantly оставить как есть Leave it at that, what else can you do? leave word — leave a message оставить сообщение He left word for you to meet him at the airport at 6. let bygones be bygones — forget and forgive bad things in the past не ворошить прошлое Why don’t you let bygones be bygones and forget about what he said? let go of — release the hold отпустить, не держать Let go of my hand or I’ll call the guard. let (it) go — forget bad experience, return to normal life освободиться от тяжелого переживания He’s still in despair and can’t let (it) go. You can’t change anything, so let it go. let one’s hair down — be relaxed and informal with other people держаться неофициально She is always so formal. She never lets her hair down. let someone down — disappoint, fail someone подвести кого-то Don’t let me down this time! let someone know — inform известить Let me know when you find a job. like father, like son — be like one’s parent in something какой отец, такой и сын Paul won a prize in a chess tournament. Great! Like father, like son! little by little — step by step понемногу Little by little, he got used to Tokyo. look for — search for искать What are you looking for? look forward to — expect with pleasure ожидать с нетерпением I’m looking forward to your letter. Mary is looking forward to the party. look out — be careful, watch out остерегаться Look out! The bus is coming! look up — check with /in a dictionary or a reference book посмотреть в словаре или справочнике If you don’t know this word, look it up in the dictionary. lose one’s temper — become angry разозлиться He loses his temper very often. lose one’s way — get lost потерять дорогу I lost my way. Can you help me? lose track of — not to know where someone or something is потерять из виду I lost track of him years ago. lucky break — a lucky chance счастливый случай He got his lucky break when he got this job. make a living — earn money to provide for life зарабатывать на жизнь He works hard. His family is big, and he has to make a living somehow. make allowance for — take into consideration when judging учитывать, делать скидку на Don’t criticize him so hard, make (an) allowance for his inexperience. make a point of — be sure to do something intentionally считать обязательным для себя сделать что-то Make a point of asking about his wife. Make it a point to be here by 10. make ends meet — to have and spend only what one earns сводить концы с концами His doesn’t get much money. I wonder how he manages to make ends meet. make friends — become friends подружиться Anton makes new friends easily. make fun of — laugh at, joke about высмеивать He made fun of her German accent. make no bones about it — say/do openly, without hesitation сказать прямо, не скрывая отношения I’ll make no bones about it: I don’t like your attitude to work. make room for — allow space for освободить место для We can make room for one more dog. make sense — be logical имеет смысл What you say makes sense. make the most of smth — do the best in the given situation извлечь лучшее из Let’s make the most of our vacation. make up — become friends again помириться I’m tired of fighting. Let’s make up. make up for smth — compensate компенсировать I’ll make up for the time you spent on it. make up one’s mind — decide принять решение When will you go? Make up your mind. make yourself at home — be comfortable, feel at home будьте как дома Come in please. Make yourself at home. man of his word — one who keeps promises, is dependable хозяин своего слова, держит слово You can depend on his promise to help. He’s a man of his word. mean well — have good intentions хотеть сделать, как лучше He meant well, but it turned out that he spoiled a couple of things for me. might as well — a good idea может быть неплохо I might as well telephone him now. missing person — someone who is lost and can’t be located пропавший человек (в розыске) The little boy disappeared. The police registered him as a missing person. meet someone halfway — compromise with others идти на компромисс с кем-то He’s reasonable and tries to meet his coworkers halfway, when possible. never mind — it doesn’t matter неважно, ничего Thank you. — Never mind. not to mention — in addition to не говоря уж We have three dogs, not to mention two cats. no wonder — not surprising неудивительно, что He ate three big fish. No wonder he’s sick. now and again — occasionally время от времени I meet them now and again at the bank. odds and ends — a variety of small unimportant things or leftovers мелочи, остатки, обрезки I needed to buy some odds and ends for the kitchen. off the cuff — without preparation без подготовки Off the cuff, I can give you only a rough estimate. off the point — beside the point не относится к делу What I think about him is off the point. off the record — not for the public, unofficially не для публики, неофициально Strictly off the record, I think the director is going to get married soon. once and for all — decidedly однажды и навсегда You must quit smoking once and for all. on credit — not pay cash right away в кредит He bought a car on credit. on edge — nervous, irritable нервный, раздраженный He’s been on edge ever since she left. on guard — on the alert настороже, бдительный He’s cautious and always on guard. on hand — available под рукой Do you have a calculator on hand? on one’s own — alone, by oneself самостоятельно, один, сам по себе She likes to live and work on her own. on one’s toes — alert, attentive, prepared for difficulties бдительный, собранный He was on his toes and produced a very good impression on them. on purpose — intentionally нарочно, с целью I didn’t do it on purpose, it just happened so. on second thought — after thinking again по зрелом размышлении I’d like to sit on the aisle. On second thought, I’d like a window seat. on the alert — on guard начеку, настороже He’s cautious and always on the alert. on the carpet — called in by the boss for criticism вызвать на ковер Yesterday the boss called her on the carpet for being rude to the coworkers. on the go — busy, on the move в движении, на ходу He is always on the go. on the off chance — unlikely to happen, but still маловероятно, но на всякий случай On the off chance that you don’t find him at work, here’s his home address. on the other hand — considering the other side of the question с другой стороны I’d like to have a dog. On the other hand, my wife likes cats better. on the spot — right there на месте, сразу I decided to do it on the spot. on the spur of the moment — without previous thought / plan под влиянием момента He bought this car on the spur of the moment, now he regrets it. on time — punctual в назначенное время Jim is always on time. out of one’s mind — crazy сумасшедший If you think so, you’re out of your mind. out of one’s way — away from someone’s usual route не по пути I can’t give you a lift to the bank, it’s out of my way today. out of the question — impossible не может быть и речи Paying him is out of the question! pack rat — a person who saves lots of unnecessary things тот, кто не выбрасывает старые ненужные вещи Why does she keep all those things she never uses? — She is a pack rat. pay attention — be attentive обратить внимание Pay attention to his words. pick a fight — start a quarrel начать ссору He often tries to pick a fight with me. pick up — take, get подобрать, взять I’ll pick you up at 7. play one’s cards right — choose the right steps in doing something сыграть правильно If you play your cards right, he’ll agree to your plan. potluck supper — a surprise meal, where nobody knows what dishes other guests will bring ужин вскладчину, никто не знает, что принесут другие You know what happened at our last potluck supper? Everybody brought macaroni and cheese, apples, and beer! pull oneself together — brace oneself, summon your strength cобраться с силами Stop crying and complaining! You have to pull yourself together now. pull the wool over someone’s eyes — deceive, mislead someone обмануть, ввести в заблуждение Are you trying to pull the wool over my eyes? It won’t do you any good. put a damper on — discourage охладить пыл She always puts a damper on my plans. put in a word for someone — say positive things about someone замолвить словечко I’d be very grateful if you could put in a word for me when you speak to him. put off — postpone откладывать Don’t put it off till tomorrow. put one’s foot down — object strongly решительно воспротивиться Her father put his foot down when she said she wanted to marry Alan. put one’s foot in it — do the wrong thing, make a fool of oneself сделать/сказать глупость He put his foot in it when he told the boss his daughter wasn’t pretty. put up with — accept, tolerate мириться с, терпеть I can’t put up with your bad work! quite a bit of — much, a lot of много I had quite a bit of trouble with that car. quite a few — many, a lot of много He wrote quite a few good stories. rack one’s brain — try hard to think напрячь мозги He racked his brain to solve the puzzle. read between the lines — find or understand the implied meaning читать между строк His books are not easy to understand; you have to read between the lines. remember me to — say hello to передать привет от Please remember me to your family. right away — immediately сразу же, немедленно It’ very important to do it right away. ring a bell — remind someone of something familiar /half-forgotten напоминает что-то знакомое Annabel Lee? Yeah, it rings a bell, but I can’t place it right now. rock the boat — make the situation unstable раскачивать лодку, вести к нестабильности Peter always rocks the boat when we discuss company’s spending policy. rub shoulders with — meet with близко общаться с He doesn’t rub shoulders with the rich. rub someone the wrong way — irritate, annoy, make angry раздражать, злить кого-то His remarks rub many coworkers the wrong way. run into — meet by chance случайно встретить I ran into an old friend yesterday. save face — try to change the negative impression produced спасать репутацию He said a stupid thing and tried to save face by saying he misunderstood me. save one’s breath — stop useless talk не трать слова попусту There’s no use talking to him about his spending habits, so save your breath. scratch the surface — study something superficially изучать поверхностно He examines all the facts closely, he doesn’t just scratch the surface. see about — make arrangements for позаботиться о чем-то I have to see about our plane tickets. see eye to eye — agree сходиться в мнении We don’t see eye to eye any longer. serve someone right — get what someone deserves поделом It serves him right that he didn’t get this job, he despised all other candidates. serve one’s purpose — be useful to someone for his purpose отвечать цели I doubt that hiring this man will serve your purpose. show promise — be promising подавать надежды This young actor shows promise. show up — appear появиться I waited for hours but he didn’t show up. size up — evaluate someone оценить, составить мнение It took me 5 minutes to size up that man. sleep on it — postpone a decision till next morning отложить решение до следующего утра Don’t decide now, sleep on it. a slip of the tongue — a mistake обмолвка (ошибка) It was just a slip of the tongue! slip (from) one’s mind — forget забыть It slipped my mind what she asked me. smell a rat — suspect something подозревать недоброе I’m not sure what it is, but I smell a rat. so far — up to now до сих пор, пока So far, I have read 3 books by King. so much the better — it’s even better еще лучше If he can pay cash, so much the better. spill the beans — tell a secret проболтаться Who spilled the beans about our plan? stand a chance — have a chance нет шансов He doesn’t stand a chance of getting it. stand out — be noticeable выделяться He stands out in any group of people. stand to reason — be logical логично, что It stands to reason that he apologized. straight from the shoulder — speak frankly честно, откровенно Don’t try to spare my feelings, give it to me straight from the shoulder. take a dim view of something — disapprove of something не одобрять My sister takes a dim view of the way I raise my children. take a break — stop for rest сделать перерыв Let’s take a break, I’m tired. take advantage of — use for one’s own benefit, to profit from воспользоваться возможностью We took advantage of the low prices and bought a computer and a monitor. take after — be like one of the parents быть похожим на родителей (родителя) Tom takes after his father in character, and after his mother in appearance. take a stand on something — make a firm opinion/decision on smth. занять четкую позицию, мнение People need to take a stand on the issue of nuclear weapons. take care of — look after, protect, see that smth. is done properly позаботиться о ком-то, чем-то, присмотреть за Can you take care of my dog while I’m away? Tom takes good care of his car. take hold of something — take, hold взять, держать Take hold of this rope and pull. take into account — consider smth. принять во внимание You must take into account her old age. take it easy — relax, be calm не волнуйся Take it easy, everything will be OK. take (it) for granted — accept as given принимать как должное Mother’s love is always taken for granted by children. take one’s breath away захватить дух That great view took my breath away. take one’s time — do slowly делать не торопясь Don’t hurry. Take your time. take one’s word for it — believe поверить на слово Take my word for it, he won’t go there. take pains — try hard to do it well прилагать усилия He took pains to make his report perfect. take part in smth. — participate in принять участие Mary is going to take part in the show. take place — happen иметь место, случиться The accident took place on Oak Street. take someone’s mind off things — distract from fixed ideas/thoughts отвлечь от навязчивых мыслей Go to a concert or a movie to take your mind off things. take steps — take action /measures принимать меры We need to take steps against it. take the words right out of one’s mouth — say the same before somebody else says it сказать то же самое чуть раньше, чем другой говорящий I was about to say the same! You took the words right out of my mouth. take time — take a long time занять много времени It takes time to get used to a new place. take time off — be absent from work взять отгул He took time off to attend the wedding. take turns — alternate doing something one after another делать по очереди, меняться местами We went to Minsk by car. We didn’t get tired because we took turns driving talk back — answer rudely дерзить Don’t talk back to the teacher! talk it over — discuss обсудить с кем-то I’ll talk it over with my family. tell apart — see the difference различить, отличить от Can you tell the twins apart? That’s just the point. — That’s it. В этом-то и дело. That’s just the point! I hate this job! the writing on the wall — a sign of future events (usually, trouble) предзнаменование (обычно, беды) The plane crashed. Tim said he saw the writing on the wall about this flight. not think much of — think low невысокого мнения I don’t think much of her cooking. think over — consider carefully обдумать Think over your answer. Think it over carefully. till one is blue in the face — try hard стараться до посинения I repeated it till I was blue in the face! to make a long story short — in short короче говоря To make a long story short, we won. to say the least — to make the minimum comment about smth. самое малое, что можно сказать The film was boring and long, to say the least. try on — put on new clothes to test them for size or look примерить одежду (перед покупкой) Try on this leather coat, it’s very good. She tried it on, but it didn’t fit her at all. try one’s hand at something — try попробовать себя в I want to try my hand at painting. turn on / off — switch on / off включить/выключить Turn on the radio. Turn off the water. turn out to be — result/end this way оказаться He turned out to be a very good actor. turn over a new leaf — make a fresh start in life, work, etc. начать (жизнь, новое дело) заново He promises to turn over a new leaf and quit alcohol for good. turn the tide — reverse the course of events повернуть вспять ход событий The new evidence turned the tide, and the defendant was acquitted of charges. twist one’s arm — make to agree выкручивать руки They twisted his arm to sell the house. under the weather — feel ill нездоровится I’m a little under the weather today. up-and-coming — showing promise of future success многообещающий, подающий надежды He is an up-and-coming young lawyer who might help you with your case. up in arms — hostile to, in strong protest against something протестовать против, сопротивляться The employees are up in arms about the new retirement rules. up in the air — undecided еще не определено My vacation plans are still up in the air. (not) up to par — equal in standard (не) в норме His behavior isn’t up to par. used to — did often in the past, but not now в прошлом делал, сейчас нет I used to play the piano when I was in school (but I don’t play it now). walk on air — be very happy летать от счастья He got the job and is walking on air now. waste one’s breath — speak uselessly, to no purpose не трать усилия зря Don’t waste your breath trying to make him do it, he won’t change his mind. watch one’s step — be careful быть осмотрительным Watch your step! watch out — look out, be careful остерегаться Watch out for that car! Watch out! wet blanket — a kill-joy, who spoils everybody’s fun тот, кто портит всем удовольствие Remember what a wet blanket he was last time? Please don’t invite him again. What’s the matter? — What is it? В чем дело? What’s the matter? What happened? which way the wind blows — what the real situation is какова реальная ситуация He knows which way the wind blows and always acts accordingly. white lie — unimportant lie невинная ложь A white lie is told to spare your feelings. word for word — in the same words дословно, дословный Tell me word for word what he said. would rather — prefer предпочитать I’d rather stay at home today.

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  • Another word for but on the other hand
  • Another word for but not limited to
  • Another word for but instead
  • Another word for but in french