All formulas of excel 2013

ABS function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the absolute value of a number

ACCRINT function

Financial:    Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays periodic interest

ACCRINTM function

Financial:    Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays interest at maturity

ACOS function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the arccosine of a number

ACOSH function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number

ACOT function

Excel 2013

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the arccotangent of a number

ACOTH function

Excel 2013

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the hyperbolic arccotangent of a number

AGGREGATE function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns an aggregate in a list or database

ADDRESS function

Lookup and reference:    Returns a reference as text to a single cell in a worksheet

AMORDEGRC function

Financial:    Returns the depreciation for each accounting period by using a depreciation coefficient

AMORLINC function

Financial:    Returns the depreciation for each accounting period

AND function

Logical:    Returns TRUE if all of its arguments are TRUE

ARABIC function

Excel 2013

Math and trigonometry:    Converts a Roman number to Arabic, as a number

AREAS function

Lookup and reference:    Returns the number of areas in a reference

ARRAYTOTEXT function

Office 365 button

Text:    Returns an array of text values from any specified range

ASC function

Text:    Changes full-width (double-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to half-width (single-byte) characters

ASIN function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the arcsine of a number

ASINH function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number

ATAN function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the arctangent of a number

ATAN2 function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the arctangent from x- and y-coordinates

ATANH function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number

AVEDEV function

Statistical:    Returns the average of the absolute deviations of data points from their mean

AVERAGE function

Statistical:    Returns the average of its arguments

AVERAGEA function

Statistical:    Returns the average of its arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values

AVERAGEIF function

Statistical:    Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of all the cells in a range that meet a given criteria

AVERAGEIFS function

Statistical:    Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of all cells that meet multiple criteria.

BAHTTEXT function

Text:    Converts a number to text, using the ß (baht) currency format

BASE function

Math and trigonometry:    Converts a number into a text representation with the given radix (base)

BESSELI function

Engineering:    Returns the modified Bessel function In(x)

BESSELJ function

Engineering:    Returns the Bessel function Jn(x)

BESSELK function

Engineering:    Returns the modified Bessel function Kn(x)

BESSELY function

Engineering:    Returns the Bessel function Yn(x)

BETADIST function

Compatibility:    Returns the beta cumulative distribution function

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

BETA.DIST function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the beta cumulative distribution function

BETAINV function

Compatibility:    Returns the inverse of the cumulative distribution function for a specified beta distribution

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

BETA.INV function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the inverse of the cumulative distribution function for a specified beta distribution

BIN2DEC function

Engineering:    Converts a binary number to decimal

BIN2HEX function

Engineering:    Converts a binary number to hexadecimal

BIN2OCT function

Engineering:    Converts a binary number to octal

BINOMDIST function

Compatibility:    Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

BINOM.DIST function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability

BINOM.DIST.RANGE function

Excel 2013

Statistical:    Returns the probability of a trial result using a binomial distribution

BINOM.INV function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is less than or equal to a criterion value

BITAND function

Excel 2013

Engineering:    Returns a ‘Bitwise And’ of two numbers

BITLSHIFT function

Excel 2013

Engineering:    Returns a value number shifted left by shift_amount bits

BITOR function

Excel 2013

Engineering:    Returns a bitwise OR of 2 numbers

BITRSHIFT function

Excel 2013

Engineering:    Returns a value number shifted right by shift_amount bits

BITXOR function

Excel 2013

Engineering:    Returns a bitwise ‘Exclusive Or’ of two numbers

BYCOL

Office 365 button

Logical:    Applies a LAMBDA to each column and returns an array of the results

BYROW

Office 365 button

Logical:    Applies a LAMBDA to each row and returns an array of the results

CALL function

Add-in and Automation:    Calls a procedure in a dynamic link library or code resource

CEILING function

Compatibility:    Rounds a number to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance

CEILING.MATH function

Excel 2013

Math and trigonometry:    Rounds a number up, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance

CEILING.PRECISE function

Math and trigonometry:    Rounds a number the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Regardless of the sign of the number, the number is rounded up.

CELL function

Information:    Returns information about the formatting, location, or contents of a cell

This function is not available in Excel for the web.

CHAR function

Text:    Returns the character specified by the code number

CHIDIST function

Compatibility:    Returns the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution

Note: In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

CHIINV function

Compatibility:    Returns the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution

Note: In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

CHITEST function

Compatibility:    Returns the test for independence

Note: In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

CHISQ.DIST function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the cumulative beta probability density function

CHISQ.DIST.RT function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution

CHISQ.INV function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the cumulative beta probability density function

CHISQ.INV.RT function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution

CHISQ.TEST function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the test for independence

CHOOSE function

Lookup and reference:    Chooses a value from a list of values

CHOOSECOLS

Office 365 button

Lookup and reference:    Returns the specified columns from an array

CHOOSEROWS

Office 365 button

Lookup and reference:    Returns the specified rows from an array

CLEAN function

Text:    Removes all nonprintable characters from text

CODE function

Text:    Returns a numeric code for the first character in a text string

COLUMN function

Lookup and reference:    Returns the column number of a reference

COLUMNS function

Lookup and reference:    Returns the number of columns in a reference

COMBIN function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the number of combinations for a given number of objects

COMBINA function

Excel 2013

Math and trigonometry:   

Returns the number of combinations with repetitions for a given number of items

COMPLEX function

Engineering:    Converts real and imaginary coefficients into a complex number

CONCAT function

2019

Text:    Combines the text from multiple ranges and/or strings, but it doesn’t provide the delimiter or IgnoreEmpty arguments.

CONCATENATE function

Text:    Joins several text items into one text item

CONFIDENCE function

Compatibility:    Returns the confidence interval for a population mean

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

CONFIDENCE.NORM function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the confidence interval for a population mean

CONFIDENCE.T function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the confidence interval for a population mean, using a Student’s t distribution

CONVERT function

Engineering:    Converts a number from one measurement system to another

CORREL function

Statistical:    Returns the correlation coefficient between two data sets

COS function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the cosine of a number

COSH function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number

COT function

Excel 2013

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number

COTH function

Excel 2013

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the cotangent of an angle

COUNT function

Statistical:    Counts how many numbers are in the list of arguments

COUNTA function

Statistical:    Counts how many values are in the list of arguments

COUNTBLANK function

Statistical:    Counts the number of blank cells within a range

COUNTIF function

Statistical:    Counts the number of cells within a range that meet the given criteria

COUNTIFS function

Statistical:    Counts the number of cells within a range that meet multiple criteria

COUPDAYBS function

Financial:    Returns the number of days from the beginning of the coupon period to the settlement date

COUPDAYS function

Financial:    Returns the number of days in the coupon period that contains the settlement date

COUPDAYSNC function

Financial:    Returns the number of days from the settlement date to the next coupon date

COUPNCD function

Financial:    Returns the next coupon date after the settlement date

COUPNUM function

Financial:    Returns the number of coupons payable between the settlement date and maturity date

COUPPCD function

Financial:    Returns the previous coupon date before the settlement date

COVAR function

Compatibility:    Returns covariance, the average of the products of paired deviations

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

COVARIANCE.P function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns covariance, the average of the products of paired deviations

COVARIANCE.S function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the sample covariance, the average of the products deviations for each data point pair in two data sets

CRITBINOM function

Compatibility:    Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is less than or equal to a criterion value

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

CSC function

Excel 2013

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the cosecant of an angle

CSCH function

Excel 2013

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of an angle

CUBEKPIMEMBER function

Cube:    Returns a key performance indicator (KPI) name, property, and measure, and displays the name and property in the cell. A KPI is a quantifiable measurement, such as monthly gross profit or quarterly employee turnover, used to monitor an organization’s performance.

CUBEMEMBER function

Cube:    Returns a member or tuple in a cube hierarchy. Use to validate that the member or tuple exists in the cube.

CUBEMEMBERPROPERTY function

Cube:    Returns the value of a member property in the cube. Use to validate that a member name exists within the cube and to return the specified property for this member.

CUBERANKEDMEMBER function

Cube:    Returns the nth, or ranked, member in a set. Use to return one or more elements in a set, such as the top sales performer or top 10 students.

CUBESET function

Cube:    Defines a calculated set of members or tuples by sending a set expression to the cube on the server, which creates the set, and then returns that set to Microsoft Office Excel.

CUBESETCOUNT function

Cube:    Returns the number of items in a set.

CUBEVALUE function

Cube:    Returns an aggregated value from a cube.

CUMIPMT function

Financial:    Returns the cumulative interest paid between two periods

CUMPRINC function

Financial:    Returns the cumulative principal paid on a loan between two periods

DATE function

Date and time:    Returns the serial number of a particular date

DATEDIF function

Date and time:    Calculates the number of days, months, or years between two dates. This function is useful in formulas where you need to calculate an age.

DATEVALUE function

Date and time:    Converts a date in the form of text to a serial number

DAVERAGE function

Database:    Returns the average of selected database entries

DAY function

Date and time:    Converts a serial number to a day of the month

DAYS function

Excel 2013

Date and time:    Returns the number of days between two dates

DAYS360 function

Date and time:    Calculates the number of days between two dates based on a 360-day year

DB function

Financial:    Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the fixed-declining balance method

DBCS function

Excel 2013

Text:    Changes half-width (single-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to full-width (double-byte) characters

DCOUNT function

Database:    Counts the cells that contain numbers in a database

DCOUNTA function

Database:    Counts nonblank cells in a database

DDB function

Financial:    Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the double-declining balance method or some other method that you specify

DEC2BIN function

Engineering:    Converts a decimal number to binary

DEC2HEX function

Engineering:    Converts a decimal number to hexadecimal

DEC2OCT function

Engineering:    Converts a decimal number to octal

DECIMAL function

Excel 2013

Math and trigonometry:    Converts a text representation of a number in a given base into a decimal number

DEGREES function

Math and trigonometry:    Converts radians to degrees

DELTA function

Engineering:    Tests whether two values are equal

DEVSQ function

Statistical:    Returns the sum of squares of deviations

DGET function

Database:    Extracts from a database a single record that matches the specified criteria

DISC function

Financial:    Returns the discount rate for a security

DMAX function

Database:    Returns the maximum value from selected database entries

DMIN function

Database:    Returns the minimum value from selected database entries

DOLLAR function

Text:    Converts a number to text, using the $ (dollar) currency format

DOLLARDE function

Financial:    Converts a dollar price, expressed as a fraction, into a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number

DOLLARFR function

Financial:    Converts a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number, into a dollar price, expressed as a fraction

DPRODUCT function

Database:    Multiplies the values in a particular field of records that match the criteria in a database

DROP

Office 365 button

Lookup and reference:    Excludes a specified number of rows or columns from the start or end of an array

DSTDEV function

Database:    Estimates the standard deviation based on a sample of selected database entries

DSTDEVP function

Database:    Calculates the standard deviation based on the entire population of selected database entries

DSUM function

Database:    Adds the numbers in the field column of records in the database that match the criteria

DURATION function

Financial:    Returns the annual duration of a security with periodic interest payments

DVAR function

Database:    Estimates variance based on a sample from selected database entries

DVARP function

Database:    Calculates variance based on the entire population of selected database entries

EDATE function

Date and time:    Returns the serial number of the date that is the indicated number of months before or after the start date

EFFECT function

Financial:    Returns the effective annual interest rate

ENCODEURL function

Excel 2013

Web:    Returns a URL-encoded string

This function is not available in Excel for the web.

EOMONTH function

Date and time:    Returns the serial number of the last day of the month before or after a specified number of months

ERF function

Engineering:    Returns the error function

ERF.PRECISE function

Excel 2010

Engineering:    Returns the error function

ERFC function

Engineering:    Returns the complementary error function

ERFC.PRECISE function

Excel 2010

Engineering:    Returns the complementary ERF function integrated between x and infinity

ERROR.TYPE function

Information:    Returns a number corresponding to an error type

EUROCONVERT function

Add-in and Automation:    Converts a number to euros, converts a number from euros to a euro member currency, or converts a number from one euro member currency to another by using the euro as an intermediary (triangulation).

EVEN function

Math and trigonometry:    Rounds a number up to the nearest even integer

EXACT function

Text:    Checks to see if two text values are identical

EXP function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns e raised to the power of a given number

EXPAND

Office 365 button

Lookup and reference:    Expands or pads an array to specified row and column dimensions

EXPON.DIST function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the exponential distribution

EXPONDIST function

Compatibility:    Returns the exponential distribution

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

FACT function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the factorial of a number

FACTDOUBLE function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the double factorial of a number

FALSE function

Logical:    Returns the logical value FALSE

F.DIST function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the F probability distribution

FDIST function

Compatibility:    Returns the F probability distribution

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

F.DIST.RT function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the F probability distribution

FILTER function

Office 365 button

Lookup and reference:    Filters a range of data based on criteria you define

FILTERXML function

Excel 2013

Web:    Returns specific data from the XML content by using the specified XPath

This function is not available in Excel for the web.

FIND, FINDB functions

Text:    Finds one text value within another (case-sensitive)

F.INV function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution

F.INV.RT function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution

FINV function

Compatibility:    Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution

In Excel 2007this is a Statistical function.

FISHER function

Statistical:    Returns the Fisher transformation

FISHERINV function

Statistical:    Returns the inverse of the Fisher transformation

FIXED function

Text:    Formats a number as text with a fixed number of decimals

FLOOR function

Compatibility:    Rounds a number down, toward zero

In Excel 2007 and Excel 2010, this is a Math and trigonometry function.

FLOOR.MATH function

Excel 2013

Math and trigonometry:    Rounds a number down, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance

FLOOR.PRECISE function

Math and trigonometry:    Rounds a number the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Regardless of the sign of the number, the number is rounded up.

FORECAST function

Statistical:    Returns a value along a linear trend

In Excel 2016, this function is replaced with FORECAST.LINEAR as part of the new Forecasting functions, but it’s still available for compatibility with earlier versions.

FORECAST.ETS function

Excel 2016

Statistical:    Returns a future value based on existing (historical) values by using the AAA version of the Exponential Smoothing (ETS) algorithm

FORECAST.ETS.CONFINT function

Excel 2016

Statistical:    Returns a confidence interval for the forecast value at the specified target date

FORECAST.ETS.SEASONALITY function

Excel 2016

Statistical:    Returns the length of the repetitive pattern Excel detects for the specified time series

FORECAST.ETS.STAT function

Excel 2016

Statistical:    Returns a statistical value as a result of time series forecasting

FORECAST.LINEAR function

Excel 2016

Statistical:    Returns a future value based on existing values

FORMULATEXT function

Excel 2013

Lookup and reference:    Returns the formula at the given reference as text

FREQUENCY function

Statistical:    Returns a frequency distribution as a vertical array

F.TEST function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the result of an F-test

FTEST function

Compatibility:    Returns the result of an F-test

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

FV function

Financial:    Returns the future value of an investment

FVSCHEDULE function

Financial:    Returns the future value of an initial principal after applying a series of compound interest rates

GAMMA function

Excel 2013

Statistical:    Returns the Gamma function value

GAMMA.DIST function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the gamma distribution

GAMMADIST function

Compatibility:    Returns the gamma distribution

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

GAMMA.INV function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution

GAMMAINV function

Compatibility:    Returns the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

GAMMALN function

Statistical:    Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function, Γ(x)

GAMMALN.PRECISE function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function, Γ(x)

GAUSS function

Excel 2013

Statistical:    Returns 0.5 less than the standard normal cumulative distribution

GCD function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the greatest common divisor

GEOMEAN function

Statistical:    Returns the geometric mean

GESTEP function

Engineering:    Tests whether a number is greater than a threshold value

GETPIVOTDATA function

Lookup and reference:    Returns data stored in a PivotTable report

GROWTH function

Statistical:    Returns values along an exponential trend

HARMEAN function

Statistical:    Returns the harmonic mean

HEX2BIN function

Engineering:    Converts a hexadecimal number to binary

HEX2DEC function

Engineering:    Converts a hexadecimal number to decimal

HEX2OCT function

Engineering:    Converts a hexadecimal number to octal

HLOOKUP function

Lookup and reference:    Looks in the top row of an array and returns the value of the indicated cell

HOUR function

Date and time:    Converts a serial number to an hour

HSTACK

Office 365 button

Lookup and reference:    Appends arrays horizontally and in sequence to return a larger array

HYPERLINK function

Lookup and reference:    Creates a shortcut or jump that opens a document stored on a network server, an intranet, or the Internet

HYPGEOM.DIST function

Statistical:    Returns the hypergeometric distribution

HYPGEOMDIST function

Compatibility:    Returns the hypergeometric distribution

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

IF function

Logical:    Specifies a logical test to perform

IFERROR function

Logical:    Returns a value you specify if a formula evaluates to an error; otherwise, returns the result of the formula

IFNA function

Excel 2013

Logical:    Returns the value you specify if the expression resolves to #N/A, otherwise returns the result of the expression

IFS function

2019

Logical:    Checks whether one or more conditions are met and returns a value that corresponds to the first TRUE condition.

IMABS function

Engineering:    Returns the absolute value (modulus) of a complex number

IMAGINARY function

Engineering:    Returns the imaginary coefficient of a complex number

IMARGUMENT function

Engineering:    Returns the argument theta, an angle expressed in radians

IMCONJUGATE function

Engineering:    Returns the complex conjugate of a complex number

IMCOS function

Engineering:    Returns the cosine of a complex number

IMCOSH function

Excel 2013

Engineering:    Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a complex number

IMCOT function

Excel 2013

Engineering:    Returns the cotangent of a complex number

IMCSC function

Excel 2013

Engineering:    Returns the cosecant of a complex number

IMCSCH function

Excel 2013

Engineering:    Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of a complex number

IMDIV function

Engineering:    Returns the quotient of two complex numbers

IMEXP function

Engineering:    Returns the exponential of a complex number

IMLN function

Engineering:    Returns the natural logarithm of a complex number

IMLOG10 function

Engineering:    Returns the base-10 logarithm of a complex number

IMLOG2 function

Engineering:    Returns the base-2 logarithm of a complex number

IMPOWER function

Engineering:    Returns a complex number raised to an integer power

IMPRODUCT function

Engineering:    Returns the product of complex numbers

IMREAL function

Engineering:    Returns the real coefficient of a complex number

IMSEC function

Excel 2013

Engineering:    Returns the secant of a complex number

IMSECH function

Excel 2013

Engineering:    Returns the hyperbolic secant of a complex number

IMSIN function

Engineering:    Returns the sine of a complex number

IMSINH function

Excel 2013

Engineering:    Returns the hyperbolic sine of a complex number

IMSQRT function

Engineering:    Returns the square root of a complex number

IMSUB function

Engineering:    Returns the difference between two complex numbers

IMSUM function

Engineering:    Returns the sum of complex numbers

IMTAN function

Excel 2013

Engineering:    Returns the tangent of a complex number

INDEX function

Lookup and reference:    Uses an index to choose a value from a reference or array

INDIRECT function

Lookup and reference:    Returns a reference indicated by a text value

INFO function

Information:    Returns information about the current operating environment

This function is not available in Excel for the web.

INT function

Math and trigonometry:    Rounds a number down to the nearest integer

INTERCEPT function

Statistical:    Returns the intercept of the linear regression line

INTRATE function

Financial:    Returns the interest rate for a fully invested security

IPMT function

Financial:    Returns the interest payment for an investment for a given period

IRR function

Financial:    Returns the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows

ISBLANK function

Information:    Returns TRUE if the value is blank

ISERR function

Information:    Returns TRUE if the value is any error value except #N/A

ISERROR function

Information:    Returns TRUE if the value is any error value

ISEVEN function

Information:    Returns TRUE if the number is even

ISFORMULA function

Excel 2013

Information:    Returns TRUE if there is a reference to a cell that contains a formula

ISLOGICAL function

Information:    Returns TRUE if the value is a logical value

ISNA function

Information:    Returns TRUE if the value is the #N/A error value

ISNONTEXT function

Information:    Returns TRUE if the value is not text

ISNUMBER function

Information:    Returns TRUE if the value is a number

ISODD function

Information:    Returns TRUE if the number is odd

ISOMITTED

Office 365 button

Information:    Checks whether the value in a LAMBDA is missing and returns TRUE or FALSE

ISREF function

Information:    Returns TRUE if the value is a reference

ISTEXT function

Information:    Returns TRUE if the value is text

ISO.CEILING function

Excel 2013

Math and trigonometry:    Returns a number that is rounded up to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance

ISOWEEKNUM function

Excel 2013

Date and time:    Returns the number of the ISO week number of the year for a given date

ISPMT function

Financial:    Calculates the interest paid during a specific period of an investment

JIS function

Text:    Changes half-width (single-byte) characters within a string to full-width (double-byte) characters

KURT function

Statistical:    Returns the kurtosis of a data set

LAMBDA

Office 365 button

Logical:    Create custom, reusable functions and call them by a friendly name

LARGE function

Statistical:    Returns the k-th largest value in a data set

LCM function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the least common multiple

LEFT, LEFTB functions

Text:    Returns the leftmost characters from a text value

LEN, LENB functions

Text:    Returns the number of characters in a text string

LET

Office 365 button

Logical:    Assigns names to calculation results

LINEST function

Statistical:    Returns the parameters of a linear trend

LN function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the natural logarithm of a number

LOG function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the logarithm of a number to a specified base

LOG10 function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number

LOGEST function

Statistical:    Returns the parameters of an exponential trend

LOGINV function

Compatibility:    Returns the inverse of the lognormal cumulative distribution

LOGNORM.DIST function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the cumulative lognormal distribution

LOGNORMDIST function

Compatibility:    Returns the cumulative lognormal distribution

LOGNORM.INV function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the inverse of the lognormal cumulative distribution

LOOKUP function

Lookup and reference:    Looks up values in a vector or array

LOWER function

Text:    Converts text to lowercase

MAKEARRAY

Office 365 button

Logical:    Returns a calculated array of a specified row and column size, by applying a LAMBDA

MAP

Office 365 button

Logical:    Returns an array formed by mapping each value in the array(s) to a new value by applying a LAMBDA to create a new value

MATCH function

Lookup and reference:    Looks up values in a reference or array

MAX function

Statistical:    Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments

MAXA function

Statistical:    Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values

MAXIFS function

2019

Statistical:    Returns the maximum value among cells specified by a given set of conditions or criteria

MDETERM function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the matrix determinant of an array

MDURATION function

Financial:    Returns the Macauley modified duration for a security with an assumed par value of $100

MEDIAN function

Statistical:    Returns the median of the given numbers

MID, MIDB functions

Text:    Returns a specific number of characters from a text string starting at the position you specify

MIN function

Statistical:    Returns the minimum value in a list of arguments

MINIFS function

2019

Statistical:    Returns the minimum value among cells specified by a given set of conditions or criteria.

MINA function

Statistical:    Returns the smallest value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values

MINUTE function

Date and time:    Converts a serial number to a minute

MINVERSE function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the matrix inverse of an array

MIRR function

Financial:    Returns the internal rate of return where positive and negative cash flows are financed at different rates

MMULT function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the matrix product of two arrays

MOD function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the remainder from division

MODE function

Compatibility:    Returns the most common value in a data set

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

MODE.MULT function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns a vertical array of the most frequently occurring, or repetitive values in an array or range of data

MODE.SNGL function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the most common value in a data set

MONTH function

Date and time:    Converts a serial number to a month

MROUND function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns a number rounded to the desired multiple

MULTINOMIAL function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the multinomial of a set of numbers

MUNIT function

Excel 2013

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the unit matrix or the specified dimension

N function

Information:    Returns a value converted to a number

NA function

Information:    Returns the error value #N/A

NEGBINOM.DIST function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the negative binomial distribution

NEGBINOMDIST function

Compatibility:    Returns the negative binomial distribution

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

NETWORKDAYS function

Date and time:    Returns the number of whole workdays between two dates

NETWORKDAYS.INTL function

Excel 2010

Date and time:    Returns the number of whole workdays between two dates using parameters to indicate which and how many days are weekend days

NOMINAL function

Financial:    Returns the annual nominal interest rate

NORM.DIST function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the normal cumulative distribution

NORMDIST function

Compatibility:    Returns the normal cumulative distribution

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

NORMINV function

Statistical:    Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution

NORM.INV function

Excel 2010

Compatibility:    Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution

Note: In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

NORM.S.DIST function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution

NORMSDIST function

Compatibility:    Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

NORM.S.INV function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution

NORMSINV function

Compatibility:    Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

NOT function

Logical:    Reverses the logic of its argument

NOW function

Date and time:    Returns the serial number of the current date and time

NPER function

Financial:    Returns the number of periods for an investment

NPV function

Financial:    Returns the net present value of an investment based on a series of periodic cash flows and a discount rate

NUMBERVALUE function

Excel 2013

Text:    Converts text to number in a locale-independent manner

OCT2BIN function

Engineering:    Converts an octal number to binary

OCT2DEC function

Engineering:    Converts an octal number to decimal

OCT2HEX function

Engineering:    Converts an octal number to hexadecimal

ODD function

Math and trigonometry:    Rounds a number up to the nearest odd integer

ODDFPRICE function

Financial:    Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd first period

ODDFYIELD function

Financial:    Returns the yield of a security with an odd first period

ODDLPRICE function

Financial:    Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd last period

ODDLYIELD function

Financial:    Returns the yield of a security with an odd last period

OFFSET function

Lookup and reference:    Returns a reference offset from a given reference

OR function

Logical:    Returns TRUE if any argument is TRUE

PDURATION function

Excel 2013

Financial:    Returns the number of periods required by an investment to reach a specified value

PEARSON function

Statistical:    Returns the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient

PERCENTILE.EXC function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range, where k is in the range 0..1, exclusive

PERCENTILE.INC function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range

PERCENTILE function

Compatibility:    Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

PERCENTRANK.EXC function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the rank of a value in a data set as a percentage (0..1, exclusive) of the data set

PERCENTRANK.INC function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the percentage rank of a value in a data set

PERCENTRANK function

Compatibility:    Returns the percentage rank of a value in a data set

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

PERMUT function

Statistical:    Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects

PERMUTATIONA function

Excel 2013

Statistical:    Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects (with repetitions) that can be selected from the total objects

PHI function

Excel 2013

Statistical:    Returns the value of the density function for a standard normal distribution

PHONETIC function

Text:    Extracts the phonetic (furigana) characters from a text string

PI function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the value of pi

PMT function

Financial:    Returns the periodic payment for an annuity

POISSON.DIST function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the Poisson distribution

POISSON function

Compatibility:    Returns the Poisson distribution

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

POWER function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the result of a number raised to a power

PPMT function

Financial:    Returns the payment on the principal for an investment for a given period

PRICE function

Financial:    Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays periodic interest

PRICEDISC function

Financial:    Returns the price per $100 face value of a discounted security

PRICEMAT function

Financial:    Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays interest at maturity

PROB function

Statistical:    Returns the probability that values in a range are between two limits

PRODUCT function

Math and trigonometry:    Multiplies its arguments

PROPER function

Text:    Capitalizes the first letter in each word of a text value

PV function

Financial:    Returns the present value of an investment

QUARTILE function

Compatibility:    Returns the quartile of a data set

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

QUARTILE.EXC function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the quartile of the data set, based on percentile values from 0..1, exclusive

QUARTILE.INC function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the quartile of a data set

QUOTIENT function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the integer portion of a division

RADIANS function

Math and trigonometry:    Converts degrees to radians

RAND function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns a random number between 0 and 1

RANDARRAY function

Office 365 button

Math and trigonometry:    Returns an array of random numbers between 0 and 1. However, you can specify the number of rows and columns to fill, minimum and maximum values, and whether to return whole numbers or decimal values.

RANDBETWEEN function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns a random number between the numbers you specify

RANK.AVG function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers

RANK.EQ function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers

RANK function

Compatibility:    Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

RATE function

Financial:    Returns the interest rate per period of an annuity

RECEIVED function

Financial:    Returns the amount received at maturity for a fully invested security

REDUCE

Office 365 button

Logical:    Reduces an array to an accumulated value by applying a LAMBDA to each value and returning the total value in the accumulator

REGISTER.ID function

Add-in and Automation:    Returns the register ID of the specified dynamic link library (DLL) or code resource that has been previously registered

REPLACE, REPLACEB functions

Text:    Replaces characters within text

REPT function

Text:    Repeats text a given number of times

RIGHT, RIGHTB functions

Text:    Returns the rightmost characters from a text value

ROMAN function

Math and trigonometry:    Converts an arabic numeral to roman, as text

ROUND function

Math and trigonometry:    Rounds a number to a specified number of digits

ROUNDDOWN function

Math and trigonometry:    Rounds a number down, toward zero

ROUNDUP function

Math and trigonometry:    Rounds a number up, away from zero

ROW function

Lookup and reference:    Returns the row number of a reference

ROWS function

Lookup and reference:    Returns the number of rows in a reference

RRI function

Excel 2013

Financial:    Returns an equivalent interest rate for the growth of an investment

RSQ function

Statistical:    Returns the square of the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient

RTD function

Lookup and reference:    Retrieves real-time data from a program that supports COM automation

SCAN

Office 365 button

Logical:    Scans an array by applying a LAMBDA to each value and returns an array that has each intermediate value

SEARCH, SEARCHB functions

Text:    Finds one text value within another (not case-sensitive)

SEC function

Excel 2013

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the secant of an angle

SECH function

Excel 2013

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the hyperbolic secant of an angle

SECOND function

Date and time:    Converts a serial number to a second

SEQUENCE function

Office 365 button

Math and trigonometry:    Generates a list of sequential numbers in an array, such as 1, 2, 3, 4

SERIESSUM function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the sum of a power series based on the formula

SHEET function

Excel 2013

Information:    Returns the sheet number of the referenced sheet

SHEETS function

Excel 2013

Information:    Returns the number of sheets in a reference

SIGN function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the sign of a number

SIN function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the sine of the given angle

SINH function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number

SKEW function

Statistical:    Returns the skewness of a distribution

SKEW.P function

Excel 2013

Statistical:    Returns the skewness of a distribution based on a population: a characterization of the degree of asymmetry of a distribution around its mean

SLN function

Financial:    Returns the straight-line depreciation of an asset for one period

SLOPE function

Statistical:    Returns the slope of the linear regression line

SMALL function

Statistical:    Returns the k-th smallest value in a data set

SORT function

Office 365 button

Lookup and reference:    Sorts the contents of a range or array

SORTBY function

Office 365 button

Lookup and reference:    Sorts the contents of a range or array based on the values in a corresponding range or array

SQRT function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns a positive square root

SQRTPI function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the square root of (number * pi)

STANDARDIZE function

Statistical:    Returns a normalized value

STOCKHISTORY function

Financial:    Retrieves historical data about a financial instrument

STDEV function

Compatibility:    Estimates standard deviation based on a sample

STDEV.P function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population

STDEV.S function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Estimates standard deviation based on a sample

STDEVA function

Statistical:    Estimates standard deviation based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values

STDEVP function

Compatibility:    Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

STDEVPA function

Statistical:    Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values

STEYX function

Statistical:    Returns the standard error of the predicted y-value for each x in the regression

SUBSTITUTE function

Text:    Substitutes new text for old text in a text string

SUBTOTAL function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns a subtotal in a list or database

SUM function

Math and trigonometry:    Adds its arguments

SUMIF function

Math and trigonometry:    Adds the cells specified by a given criteria

SUMIFS function

Math and trigonometry:    Adds the cells in a range that meet multiple criteria

SUMPRODUCT function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the sum of the products of corresponding array components

SUMSQ function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the sum of the squares of the arguments

SUMX2MY2 function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the sum of the difference of squares of corresponding values in two arrays

SUMX2PY2 function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the sum of the sum of squares of corresponding values in two arrays

SUMXMY2 function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the sum of squares of differences of corresponding values in two arrays

SWITCH function

Office 365 button

2019

Logical:    Evaluates an expression against a list of values and returns the result corresponding to the first matching value. If there is no match, an optional default value may be returned.

SYD function

Financial:    Returns the sum-of-years’ digits depreciation of an asset for a specified period

T function

Text:    Converts its arguments to text

TAN function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the tangent of a number

TANH function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number

TAKE

Office 365 button

Lookup and reference:    Returns a specified number of contiguous rows or columns from the start or end of an array

TBILLEQ function

Financial:    Returns the bond-equivalent yield for a Treasury bill

TBILLPRICE function

Financial:    Returns the price per $100 face value for a Treasury bill

TBILLYIELD function

Financial:    Returns the yield for a Treasury bill

T.DIST function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the Percentage Points (probability) for the Student t-distribution

T.DIST.2T function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the Percentage Points (probability) for the Student t-distribution

T.DIST.RT function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the Student’s t-distribution

TDIST function

Compatibility:    Returns the Student’s t-distribution

TEXT function

Text:    Formats a number and converts it to text

TEXTAFTER

Office 365 button

Text:    Returns text that occurs after given character or string

TEXTBEFORE

Office 365 button

Text:    Returns text that occurs before a given character or string

TEXTJOIN

Office 365 button

Text:    Combines the text from multiple ranges and/or strings

TEXTSPLIT

Office 365 button

Text:    Splits text strings by using column and row delimiters

TIME function

Date and time:    Returns the serial number of a particular time

TIMEVALUE function

Date and time:    Converts a time in the form of text to a serial number

T.INV function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the t-value of the Student’s t-distribution as a function of the probability and the degrees of freedom

T.INV.2T function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the inverse of the Student’s t-distribution

TINV function

Compatibility:    Returns the inverse of the Student’s t-distribution

TOCOL

Office 365 button

Lookup and reference:    Returns the array in a single column

TOROW

Office 365 button

Lookup and reference:    Returns the array in a single row

TODAY function

Date and time:    Returns the serial number of today’s date

TRANSPOSE function

Lookup and reference:    Returns the transpose of an array

TREND function

Statistical:    Returns values along a linear trend

TRIM function

Text:    Removes spaces from text

TRIMMEAN function

Statistical:    Returns the mean of the interior of a data set

TRUE function

Logical:    Returns the logical value TRUE

TRUNC function

Math and trigonometry:    Truncates a number to an integer

T.TEST function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the probability associated with a Student’s t-test

TTEST function

Compatibility:    Returns the probability associated with a Student’s t-test

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

TYPE function

Information:    Returns a number indicating the data type of a value

UNICHAR function

Excel 2013

Text:    Returns the Unicode character that is references by the given numeric value

UNICODE function

Excel 2013

Text:    Returns the number (code point) that corresponds to the first character of the text

UNIQUE function

Office 365 button

Lookup and reference:    Returns a list of unique values in a list or range

UPPER function

Text:    Converts text to uppercase

VALUE function

Text:    Converts a text argument to a number

VALUETOTEXT

Office 365 button

Text:    Returns text from any specified value

VAR function

Compatibility:    Estimates variance based on a sample

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

VAR.P function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Calculates variance based on the entire population

VAR.S function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Estimates variance based on a sample

VARA function

Statistical:    Estimates variance based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values

VARP function

Compatibility:    Calculates variance based on the entire population

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

VARPA function

Statistical:    Calculates variance based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values

VDB function

Financial:    Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified or partial period by using a declining balance method

VLOOKUP function

Lookup and reference:    Looks in the first column of an array and moves across the row to return the value of a cell

VSTACK

Office 365 button

Look and reference:    Appends arrays vertically and in sequence to return a larger array

WEBSERVICE function

Excel 2013

Web:    Returns data from a web service.

This function is not available in Excel for the web.

WEEKDAY function

Date and time:    Converts a serial number to a day of the week

WEEKNUM function

Date and time:    Converts a serial number to a number representing where the week falls numerically with a year

WEIBULL function

Compatibility:    Calculates variance based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

WEIBULL.DIST function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the Weibull distribution

WORKDAY function

Date and time:    Returns the serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays

WORKDAY.INTL function

Excel 2010

Date and time:    Returns the serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays using parameters to indicate which and how many days are weekend days

WRAPCOLS

Office 365 button

Look and reference:    Wraps the provided row or column of values by columns after a specified number of elements

WRAPROWS

Office 365 button

Look and reference:    Wraps the provided row or column of values by rows after a specified number of elements

XIRR function

Financial:    Returns the internal rate of return for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic

XLOOKUP function

Office 365 button

Lookup and reference:    Searches a range or an array, and returns an item corresponding to the first match it finds. If a match doesn’t exist, then XLOOKUP can return the closest (approximate) match. 

XMATCH function

Office 365 button

Lookup and reference:    Returns the relative position of an item in an array or range of cells. 

XNPV function

Financial:    Returns the net present value for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic

XOR function

Excel 2013

Logical:    Returns a logical exclusive OR of all arguments

YEAR function

Date and time:    Converts a serial number to a year

YEARFRAC function

Date and time:    Returns the year fraction representing the number of whole days between start_date and end_date

YIELD function

Financial:    Returns the yield on a security that pays periodic interest

YIELDDISC function

Financial:    Returns the annual yield for a discounted security; for example, a Treasury bill

YIELDMAT function

Financial:    Returns the annual yield of a security that pays interest at maturity

Z.TEST function

Excel 2010

Statistical:    Returns the one-tailed probability-value of a z-test

ZTEST function

Compatibility:    Returns the one-tailed probability-value of a z-test

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

Lesson 13: Simple Formulas

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Introduction

One of the most powerful features in Excel is the ability to calculate numerical information using formulas. Just like a calculator, Excel can add, subtract, multiply, and divide. In this lesson, we’ll show you how to use cell references to create simple formulas.

Optional: Download our practice workbook.

Mathematical operators

Excel uses standard operators for formulas, such as a plus sign for addition (+), a minus sign for subtraction (), an asterisk for multiplication (*), a forward slash for division (/), and a caret (^) for exponents.

Illustration of mathematical operatorsStandard operators

All formulas in Excel must begin with an equals sign (=). This is because the cell contains, or is equal to, the formula and the value it calculates.

Understanding cell references

While you can create simple formulas in Excel manually (for example, =2+2 or =5*5), most of the time you will use cell addresses to create a formula. This is known as making a cell reference. Using cell references will ensure that your formulas are always accurate because you can change the value of referenced cells without having to rewrite the formula.

Screenshot of Excel 2013Using cell references to recalculate a formula

By combining a mathematical operator with cell references, you can create a variety of simple formulas in Excel. Formulas can also include a combination of cell references and numbers, as in the examples below:

Illustration of simple formulasExamples of simple formulas

To create a formula:

In our example below, we’ll use a simple formula and cell references to calculate a budget.

  1. Select the cell that will contain the formula. In our example, we’ll select cell B3.

    Screenshot of Excel 2013Selecting cell B3

  2. Type the equals sign (=). Notice how it appears in both the cell and the formula bar.

    Entering the = sign

  3. Type the cell address of the cell you want to reference first in the formula: cell B1 in our example. A blue border will appear around the referenced cell.

    Screenshot of Excel 2013Referencing cell B1

  4. Type the mathematical operator you want to use. In our example, we’ll type the addition sign (+).
  5. Type the cell address of the cell you want to reference second in the formula: cell B2 in our example. A red border will appear around the referenced cell.

    Screenshot of Excel 2013Referencing cell B2

  6. Press Enter on your keyboard. The formula will be calculated, and the value will be displayed in the cell.

    Screenshot of Excel 2013The complete formula and calculated value

If the result of a formula is too large to be displayed in a cell, it may appear as pound signs (#######) instead of a value. This means the column is not wide enough to display the cell content. Simply increase the column width to show the cell content.

Modifying values with cell references

The true advantage of cell references is that they allow you to update data in your worksheet without having to rewrite formulas. In the example below, we’ve modified the value of cell B1 from $1,200 to $1,800. The formula in B3 will automatically recalculate and display the new value in cell B3.

Screenshot of Excel 2013The recalculated cell value

Excel will not always tell you if your formula contains an error, so it’s up to you to check all of your formulas. To learn how to do this, you can read the Double-Check Your Formulas lesson from our Excel Formulas tutorial.

To create a formula using the point-and-click method:

Rather than typing cell addresses manually, you can point and click on the cells you want to include in your formula. This method can save a lot of time and effort when creating formulas. In our example below, we’ll create a formula to calculate the cost of ordering several boxes of plastic silverware.

  1. Select the cell that will contain the formula. In our example, we’ll select cell D3.

    Screenshot of Excel 2013Selecting cell D3

  2. Type the equals sign (=).
  3. Select the cell you want to reference first in the formula: cell B3 in our example. The cell address will appear in the formula, and a dashed blue line will appear around the referenced cell.

    Screenshot of Excel 2013Referencing cell B3

  4. Type the mathematical operator you want to use. In our example, we’ll type the multiplication sign (*).
  5. Select the cell you want to reference second in the formula: cell C3 in our example. The cell address will appear in the formula, and a dashed red line will appear around the referenced cell.

    Screenshot of Excel 2013Referencing cell C3

  6. Press Enter on your keyboard. The formula will be calculated, and the value will be displayed in the cell.

    Screenshot of Excel 2013The completed formula and calculated value

Formulas can also be copied to adjacent cells with the fill handle, which can save a lot of time and effort if you need to perform the same calculation multiple times in a worksheet. Review our lesson on Relative and Absolute Cell References to learn more.

Screenshot of Excel 2013Copying a formula to adjacent cells using the fill handle

To edit a formula:

Sometimes you may want to modify an existing formula. In the example below, we’ve entered an incorrect cell address in our formula, so we’ll need to correct it.

  1. Select the cell containing the formula you want to edit. In our example, we’ll select cell B3.

    Screenshot of Excel 2013Selecting cell B3

  2. Click the formula bar to edit the formula. You can also double-click the cell to view and edit the formula directly within the cell.

    Screenshot of Excel 2013Selecting a formula to edit

  3. A border will appear around any referenced cells. In our example, we’ll change the second part of the formula to reference cell B2 instead of cell C2.

    Screenshot of Excel 2013The misplaced cell reference

  4. When you’re finished, press Enter on your keyboard or click the checkmark in the formula bar.

    Screenshot of Excel 2013Editing a formula

  5. The formula will be updated, and the new value will be displayed in the cell.

    Screenshot of Excel 2013The newly calculated value

If you change your mind, you can press the Esc key on your keyboard to avoid accidentally making changes to your formula.

To show all of the formulas in a spreadsheet, you can hold the Ctrl key and press ` (grave accent). The grave accent key is usually located in the top-left corner of the keyboard. You can press Ctrl+` again to switch back to the normal view.

Challenge!

  1. Open an existing Excel workbook. If you want, you can use our practice workbook.
  2. Create a simple addition formula using cell references. If you are using the example, create the formula in cell B4 to calculate the total budget.
  3. Try modifying the value of a cell referenced in a formula. If you are using the example, change the value of cell B2 to $2,000. Notice how the formula in cell B4 recalculates the total.
  4. Try using the point-and-click method to create a formula. If you are using the example, create a formula in cell G5 that multiplies the cost of napkins by the quantity needed to calculate the total cost.
  5. Edit a formula using the formula bar. If you are using the example, edit the formula in cell B9 to change the division sign (/) to a minus sign ().

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totn Excel Functions


MS Excel: Formulas and Functions — Listed by Category

Learn how to use all 300+ Excel formulas and functions including worksheet functions entered in the formula bar and VBA functions used in Macros.

Worksheet formulas are built-in functions that are entered as part of a formula in a cell. These are the most basic functions used when learning Excel. VBA functions are built-in functions that are used in Excel’s programming environment called Visual Basic for Applications (VBA).

Below is a list of Excel formulas sorted by category. If you would like an alphabetical list of these formulas, click on the following button:

Sort Alphabetically


(Enter a value in the field above to quickly find functions in the list below)

Lookup/Ref Functions

ADDRESS (WS) Returns a text representation of a cell address
AREAS (WS) Returns the number of ranges in a reference
CHOOSE (WS, VBA) Returns a value from a list of values based on a given position
COLUMN (WS) Returns the column number of a cell reference
COLUMNS (WS) Returns the number of columns in a cell reference
HLOOKUP (WS) Performs a horizontal lookup by searching for a value in the top row of the table and returning the value in the same column based on the index_number
HYPERLINK (WS) Creates a shortcut to a file or Internet address
INDEX (WS) Returns either the value or the reference to a value from a table or range
INDIRECT (WS) Returns the reference to a cell based on its string representation
LOOKUP (WS) Returns a value from a range (one row or one column) or from an array
MATCH (WS) Searches for a value in an array and returns the relative position of that item
OFFSET (WS) Returns a reference to a range that is offset a number of rows and columns
ROW (WS) Returns the row number of a cell reference
ROWS (WS) Returns the number of rows in a cell reference
TRANSPOSE (WS) Returns a transposed range of cells
VLOOKUP (WS) Performs a vertical lookup by searching for a value in the first column of a table and returning the value in the same row in the index_number position
XLOOKUP (WS) Performs a lookup (either vertical or horizontal)

String/Text Functions

ASC (VBA) Returns ASCII value of a character
BAHTTEXT (WS) Returns the number in Thai text
CHAR (WS) Returns the character based on the ASCII value
CHR (VBA) Returns the character based on the ASCII value
CLEAN (WS) Removes all nonprintable characters from a string
CODE (WS) Returns the ASCII value of a character or the first character in a cell
CONCAT (WS) Used to join 2 or more strings together
CONCATENATE (WS) Used to join 2 or more strings together (replaced by CONCAT Function)
CONCATENATE with & (WS, VBA) Used to join 2 or more strings together using the & operator
DOLLAR (WS) Converts a number to text, using a currency format
EXACT (WS) Compares two strings and returns TRUE if both values are the same
FIND (WS) Returns the location of a substring in a string (case-sensitive)
FIXED (WS) Returns a text representation of a number rounded to a specified number of decimal places
FORMAT STRINGS (VBA) Takes a string expression and returns it as a formatted string
INSTR (VBA) Returns the position of the first occurrence of a substring in a string
INSTRREV (VBA) Returns the position of the first occurrence of a string in another string, starting from the end of the string
LCASE (VBA) Converts a string to lowercase
LEFT (WS, VBA) Extract a substring from a string, starting from the left-most character
LEN (WS, VBA) Returns the length of the specified string
LOWER (WS) Converts all letters in the specified string to lowercase
LTRIM (VBA) Removes leading spaces from a string
MID (WS, VBA) Extracts a substring from a string (starting at any position)
NUMBERVALUE (WS) Returns a text to a number specifying the decimal and group separators
PROPER (WS) Sets the first character in each word to uppercase and the rest to lowercase
REPLACE (WS) Replaces a sequence of characters in a string with another set of characters
REPLACE (VBA) Replaces a sequence of characters in a string with another set of characters
REPT (WS) Returns a repeated text value a specified number of times
RIGHT (WS, VBA) Extracts a substring from a string starting from the right-most character
RTRIM (VBA) Removes trailing spaces from a string
SEARCH (WS) Returns the location of a substring in a string
SPACE (VBA) Returns a string with a specified number of spaces
SPLIT (VBA) Used to split a string into substrings based on a delimiter
STR (VBA) Returns a string representation of a number
STRCOMP (VBA) Returns an integer value representing the result of a string comparison
STRCONV (VBA) Returns a string converted to uppercase, lowercase, proper case or Unicode
STRREVERSE (VBA) Returns a string whose characters are in reverse order
SUBSTITUTE (WS) Replaces a set of characters with another
T (WS) Returns the text referred to by a value
TEXT (WS) Returns a value converted to text with a specified format
TEXTJOIN (WS) Used to join 2 or more strings together separated by a delimiter
TRIM (WS, VBA) Returns a text value with the leading and trailing spaces removed
UCASE (VBA) Converts a string to all uppercase
UNICHAR (WS) Returns the Unicode character based on the Unicode number provided
UNICODE (WS) Returns the Unicode number of a character or the first character in a string
UPPER (WS) Convert text to all uppercase
VAL (VBA) Returns the numbers found in a string
VALUE (WS) Converts a text value that represents a number to a number

Date/Time Functions

DATE (WS) Returns the serial date value for a date
DATE (VBA) Returns the current system date
DATEADD (VBA) Returns a date after which a certain time/date interval has been added
DATEDIF (WS) Returns the difference between two date values, based on the interval specified
DATEDIFF (VBA) Returns the difference between two date values, based on the interval specified
DATEPART (VBA) Returns a specified part of a given date
DATESERIAL (VBA) Returns a date given a year, month, and day value
DATEVALUE (WS, VBA) Returns the serial number of a date
DAY (WS, VBA) Returns the day of the month (a number from 1 to 31) given a date value
DAYS (WS) Returns the number of days between 2 dates
DAYS360 (WS) Returns the number of days between two dates based on a 360-day year
EDATE (WS) Adds a specified number of months to a date and returns the result as a serial date
EOMONTH (WS) Calculates the last day of the month after adding a specified number of months to a date
FORMAT DATES (VBA) Takes a date expression and returns it as a formatted string
HOUR (WS, VBA) Returns the hours (a number from 0 to 23) from a time value
ISOWEEKNUM (WS) Returns the ISO week number for a date
MINUTE (WS, VBA) Returns the minutes (a number from 0 to 59) from a time value
MONTH (WS, VBA) Returns the month (a number from 1 to 12) given a date value
MONTHNAME (VBA) Returns a string representing the month given a number from 1 to 12
NETWORKDAYS (WS) Returns the number of work days between 2 dates, excluding weekends and holidays
NETWORKDAYS.INTL (WS) Returns the number of work days between 2 dates, excluding weekends and holidays
NOW (WS, VBA) Returns the current system date and time
SECOND (WS) Returns the seconds (a number from 0 to 59) from a time value
TIME (WS) Returns a decimal number given an hour, minute and second value
TIMESERIAL (VBA) Returns a time given an hour, minute, and second value
TIMEVALUE (WS, VBA) Returns the serial number of a time
TODAY (WS) Returns the current system date
WEEKDAY (WS, VBA) Returns a number representing the day of the week, given a date value
WEEKDAYNAME (VBA) Returns a string representing the day of the week given a number from 1 to 7
WEEKNUM (WS) Returns the week number for a date
WORKDAY (WS) Adds a specified number of work days to a date and returns the result as a serial date
WORKDAY.INTL (WS) Adds a specified number of work days to a date and returns the result as a serial date (customizable weekends)
YEAR (WS, VBA) Returns a four-digit year (a number from 1900 to 9999) given a date value
YEARFRAC (WS) Returns the number of days between 2 dates as a year fraction

Math/Trig Functions

ABS (WS, VBA) Returns the absolute value of a number
ACOS (WS) Returns the arccosine (in radians) of a number
ACOSH (WS) Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number
AGGREGATE (WS) Apply functions such AVERAGE, SUM, COUNT, MAX or MIN and ignore errors or hidden rows
ASIN (WS) Returns the arcsine (in radians) of a number
ASINH (WS) Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number
ATAN (WS) Returns the arctangent (in radians) of a number
ATAN2 (WS) Returns the arctangent (in radians) of (x,y) coordinates
ATANH (WS) Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number
ATN (VBA) Returns the arctangent of a number
CEILING (WS) Returns a number rounded up based on a multiple of significance
CEILING.PRECISE (WS) Returns a number rounded up to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance
COMBIN (WS) Returns the number of combinations for a specified number of items
COMBINA (WS) Returns the number of combinations for a specified number of items and includes repetitions
COS (WS, VBA) Returns the cosine of an angle
COSH (WS) Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number
DEGREES (WS) Converts radians into degrees
EVEN (WS) Rounds a number up to the nearest even integer
EXP (WS, VBA) Returns e raised to the nth power
FACT (WS) Returns the factorial of a number
FIX (VBA) Returns the integer portion of a number
FLOOR (WS) Returns a number rounded down based on a multiple of significance
FORMAT NUMBERS (VBA) Takes a numeric expression and returns it as a formatted string
INT (WS, VBA) Returns the integer portion of a number
LN (WS) Returns the natural logarithm of a number
LOG (WS) Returns the logarithm of a number to a specified base
LOG (VBA) Returns the natural logarithm of a number
LOG10 (WS) Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number
MDETERM (WS) Returns the matrix determinant of an array
MINVERSE (WS) Returns the inverse matrix for a given matrix
MMULT (WS) Returns the matrix product of two arrays
MOD (WS) Returns the remainder after a number is divided by a divisor
MOD (VBA) Returns the remainder after a number is divided by a divisor
ODD (WS) Rounds a number up to the nearest odd integer
PI (WS) Returns the mathematical constant called pi
POWER (WS) Returns the result of a number raised to a given power
PRODUCT (WS) Multiplies the numbers and returns the product
RADIANS (WS) Converts degrees into radians
RAND (WS) Returns a random number that is greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1
RANDBETWEEN (WS) Returns a random number that is between a bottom and top range
RANDOMIZE (VBA) Used to change the seed value used by the random number generator for the RND function
RND (VBA) Used to generate a random number (integer value)
ROMAN (WS) Converts a number to roman numeral
ROUND (WS) Returns a number rounded to a specified number of digits
ROUND (VBA) Returns a number rounded to a specified number of digits
ROUNDDOWN (WS) Returns a number rounded down to a specified number of digits
ROUNDUP (WS) Returns a number rounded up to a specified number of digits
SGN (VBA) Returns the sign of a number
SIGN (WS) Returns the sign of a number
SIN (WS, VBA) Returns the sine of an angle
SINH (WS) Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number
SQR (VBA) Returns the square root of a number
SQRT (WS) Returns the square root of a number
SUBTOTAL (WS) Returns the subtotal of the numbers in a column in a list or database
SUM (WS) Adds all numbers in a range of cells
SUMIF (WS) Adds all numbers in a range of cells based on one criteria
SUMIFS (WS) Adds all numbers in a range of cells, based on a single or multiple criteria
SUMPRODUCT (WS) Multiplies the corresponding items in the arrays and returns the sum of the results
SUMSQ (WS) Returns the sum of the squares of a series of values
SUMX2MY2 (WS) Returns the sum of the difference of squares between two arrays
SUMX2PY2 (WS) Returns the sum of the squares of corresponding items in the arrays
SUMXMY2 (WS) Returns the sum of the squares of the differences between corresponding items in the arrays
TAN (WS, VBA) Returns the tangent of an angle
TANH (WS) Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number
TRUNC (WS) Returns a number truncated to a specified number of digits

Statistical Functions

AVEDEV (WS) Returns the average of the absolute deviations of the numbers provided
AVERAGE (WS) Returns the average of the numbers provided
AVERAGEA (WS) Returns the average of the numbers provided and treats TRUE as 1 and FALSE as 0
AVERAGEIF (WS) Returns the average of all numbers in a range of cells, based on a given criteria
AVERAGEIFS (WS) Returns the average of all numbers in a range of cells, based on multiple criteria
BETA.DIST (WS) Returns the beta distribution
BETA.INV (WS) Returns the inverse of the cumulative beta probability density function
BETADIST (WS) Returns the cumulative beta probability density function
BETAINV (WS) Returns the inverse of the cumulative beta probability density function
BINOM.DIST (WS) Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability
BINOM.INV (WS) Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is greater than or equal to a criterion
BINOMDIST (WS) Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability
CHIDIST (WS) Returns the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution
CHIINV (WS) Returns the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution
CHITEST (WS) Returns the value from the chi-squared distribution
COUNT (WS) Counts the number of cells that contain numbers as well as the number of arguments that contain numbers
COUNTA (WS) Counts the number of cells that are not empty as well as the number of value arguments provided
COUNTBLANK (WS) Counts the number of empty cells in a range
COUNTIF (WS) Counts the number of cells in a range, that meets a given criteria
COUNTIFS (WS) Counts the number of cells in a range, that meets a single or multiple criteria
COVAR (WS) Returns the covariance, the average of the products of deviations for two data sets
FORECAST (WS) Returns a prediction of a future value based on existing values provided
FREQUENCY (WS) Returns how often values occur within a set of data. It returns a vertical array of numbers
GROWTH (WS) Returns the predicted exponential growth based on existing values provided
INTERCEPT (WS) Returns the y-axis intersection point of a line using x-axis values and y-axis values
LARGE (WS) Returns the nth largest value from a set of values
LINEST (WS) Uses the least squares method to calculate the statistics for a straight line and returns an array describing that line
MAX (WS) Returns the largest value from the numbers provided
MAXA (WS) Returns the largest value from the values provided (numbers, text and logical values)
MAXIFS (WS) Returns the largest value in a range, that meets a single or multiple criteria
MEDIAN (WS) Returns the median of the numbers provided
MIN (WS) Returns the smallest value from the numbers provided
MINA (WS) Returns the smallest value from the values provided (numbers, text and logical values)
MINIFS (WS) Returns the smallest value in a range, that meets a single or multiple criteria
MODE (WS) Returns most frequently occurring number
MODE.MULT (WS) Returns a vertical array of the most frequently occurring numbers
MODE.SNGL (WS) Returns most frequently occurring number
PERCENTILE (WS) Returns the nth percentile from a set of values
PERCENTRANK (WS) Returns the nth percentile from a set of values
PERMUT (WS) Returns the number of permutations for a specified number of items
QUARTILE (WS) Returns the quartile from a set of values
RANK (WS) Returns the rank of a number within a set of numbers
SLOPE (WS) Returns the slope of a regression line based on the data points identified by known_y_values and known_x_values
SMALL (WS) Returns the nth smallest value from a set of values
STDEV (WS) Returns the standard deviation of a population based on a sample of numbers
STDEVA (WS) Returns the standard deviation of a population based on a sample of numbers, text, and logical values
STDEVP (WS) Returns the standard deviation of a population based on an entire population of numbers
STDEVPA (WS) Returns the standard deviation of a population based on an entire population of numbers, text, and logical values
VAR (WS) Returns the variance of a population based on a sample of numbers
VARA (WS) Returns the variance of a population based on a sample of numbers, text, and logical values
VARP (WS) Returns the variance of a population based on an entire population of numbers
VARPA (WS) Returns the variance of a population based on an entire population of numbers, text, and logical values

Logical Functions

AND (WS) Returns TRUE if all conditions are TRUE
AND (VBA) Returns TRUE if all conditions are TRUE
CASE (VBA) Has the functionality of an IF-THEN-ELSE statement
FALSE (WS) Returns a logical value of FALSE
FOR…NEXT (VBA) Used to create a FOR LOOP
IF (WS) Returns one value if the condition is TRUE or another value if the condition is FALSE
IF (more than 7) (WS) Nest more than 7 IF functions
IF (up to 7) (WS) Nest up to 7 IF functions
IF-THEN-ELSE (VBA) Returns a value if a specified condition evaluates to TRUE or another value if it evaluates to FALSE
IFERROR (WS) Used to return an alternate value if a formula results in an error
IFNA (WS) Used to return an alternate value if a formula results in #N/A error
IFS (WS) Specify multiple IF conditions within 1 function
NOT (WS) Returns the reversed logical value
OR (WS) Returns TRUE if any of the conditions are TRUE
OR (VBA) Returns TRUE if any of the conditions are TRUE
SWITCH (WS) Compares an expression to a list of values and returns the corresponding result
SWITCH (VBA) Evaluates a list of expressions and returns the corresponding value for the first expression in the list that is TRUE
TRUE (WS) Returns a logical value of TRUE
WHILE…WEND (VBA) Used to create a WHILE LOOP

Information Functions

CELL (WS) Used to retrieve information about a cell such as contents, formatting, size, etc.
ENVIRON (VBA) Returns the value of an operating system environment variable
ERROR.TYPE (WS) Returns the numeric representation of an Excel error
INFO (WS) Returns information about the operating environment
ISBLANK (WS) Used to check for blank or null values
ISDATE (VBA) Returns TRUE if the expression is a valid date
ISEMPTY (VBA) Used to check for blank cells or uninitialized variables
ISERR (WS) Used to check for error values except #N/A
ISERROR (WS, VBA) Used to check for error values
ISLOGICAL (WS) Used to check for a logical value (TRUE or FALSE)
ISNA (WS) Used to check for #N/A error
ISNONTEXT (WS) Used to check for a value that is not text
ISNULL (VBA) Used to check for a NULL value
ISNUMBER (WS) Used to check for a numeric value
ISNUMERIC (VBA) Used to check for a numeric value
ISREF (WS) Used to check for a reference
ISTEXT (WS) Used to check for a text value
N (WS) Converts a value to a number
NA (WS) Returns the #N/A error value
TYPE (WS) Returns the type of a value

Financial Functions

ACCRINT (WS) Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays interest on a periodic basis
ACCRINTM (WS) Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays interest at maturity
AMORDEGRC (WS) Returns the linear depreciation of an asset for each accounting period, on a prorated basis
AMORLINC (WS) Returns the depreciation of an asset for each accounting period, on a prorated basis
DB (WS) Returns the depreciation of an asset based on the fixed-declining balance method
DDB (WS, VBA) Returns the depreciation of an asset based on the double-declining balance method
FV (WS, VBA) Returns the future value of an investment
IPMT (WS, VBA) Returns the interest payment for an investment
IRR (WS, VBA) Returns the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows
ISPMT (WS) Returns the interest payment for an investment
MIRR (WS, VBA) Returns the modified internal rate of return for a series of cash flows
NPER (WS, VBA) Returns the number of periods for an investment
NPV (WS, VBA) Returns the net present value of an investment
PMT (WS, VBA) Returns the payment amount for a loan
PPMT (WS, VBA) Returns the payment on the principal for a particular payment
PV (WS, VBA) Returns the present value of an investment
RATE (WS, VBA) Returns the interest rate for an annuity
SLN (WS, VBA) Returns the depreciation of an asset based on the straight-line depreciation method
SYD (WS, VBA) Returns the depreciation of an asset based on the sum-of-years’ digits depreciation method
VDB (WS) Returns the depreciation of an asset based on a variable declining balance depreciation method
XIRR (WS) Returns the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows that may not be periodic

Database Functions

DAVERAGE (WS) Averages all numbers in a column in a list or database, based on a given criteria
DCOUNT (WS) Returns the number of cells in a column or database that contains numeric values and meets a given criteria
DCOUNTA (WS) Returns the number of cells in a column or database that contains nonblank values and meets a given criteria
DGET (WS) Retrieves from a database a single record that matches a given criteria
DMAX (WS) Returns the largest number in a column in a list or database, based on a given criteria
DMIN (WS) Returns the smallest number in a column in a list or database, based on a given criteria
DPRODUCT (WS) Returns the product of the numbers in a column in a list or database, based on a given criteria
DSTDEV (WS) Returns the standard deviation of a population based on a sample of numbers
DSTDEVP (WS) Returns the standard deviation of a population based on the entire population of numbers
DSUM (WS) Sums the numbers in a column or database that meets a given criteria
DVAR (WS) Returns the variance of a population based on a sample of numbers
DVARP (WS) Returns the variance of a population based on the entire population of numbers

Engineering Functions

BIN2DEC (WS) Converts a binary number to a decimal number
BIN2HEX (WS) Converts a binary number to a hexadecimal number
BIN2OCT (WS) Converts a binary number to an octal number
COMPLEX (WS) Converts coefficients (real and imaginary) into a complex number
CONVERT (WS) Convert a number from one measurement unit to another measurement unit

File/Directory Functions

CHDIR (VBA) Used to change the current directory or folder
CHDRIVE (VBA) Used to change the current drive
CURDIR (VBA) Returns the current path
DIR (VBA) Returns the first filename that matches the pathname and attributes specified
FILEDATETIME (VBA) Returns the date and time of when a file was created or last modified
FILELEN (VBA) Returns the size of a file in bytes
GETATTR (VBA) Returns an integer that represents the attributes of a file, folder, or directory
MKDIR (VBA) Used to create a new folder or directory
SETATTR (VBA) Used to set the attributes of a file

Data Type Conv. Functions

CBOOL (VBA) Converts a value to a boolean
CBYTE (VBA) Converts a value to a byte (ie: number between 0 and 255)
CCUR (VBA) Converts a value to currency
CDATE (VBA) Converts a value to a date
CDBL (VBA) Converts a value to a double
CDEC (VBA) Converts a value to a decimal number
CINT (VBA) Converts a value to an integer
CLNG (VBA) Converts a value to a long integer
CSNG (VBA) Converts a value to a single-precision number
CSTR (VBA) Converts a value to a string
CVAR (VBA) Converts a value to a variant

More Lookup Functions

Other

На чтение 21 мин Просмотров 11.8к. Опубликовано 26.04.2018

ЛогоФормулы в Excel – одно из самых главных достоинств этого редактора. Благодаря им ваши возможности при работе с таблицами увеличиваются в несколько раз и ограничиваются только имеющимися знаниями. Вы сможете сделать всё что угодно. При этом Эксель будет помогать на каждом шагу – практически в любом окне существуют специальные подсказки.

Содержание

  1. Как вставить формулу
  2. Из чего состоит формула
  3. Использование операторов
  4. Арифметические
  5. Операторы сравнения
  6. Оператор объединения текста
  7. Операторы ссылок
  8. Использование ссылок
  9. Простые ссылки A1
  10. Ссылки на другой лист
  11. Абсолютные и относительные ссылки
  12. Относительные ссылки
  13. Абсолютные ссылки
  14. Смешанные ссылки
  15. Трёхмерные ссылки
  16. Ссылки формата R1C1
  17. Использование имён
  18. Использование функций
  19. Ручной ввод
  20. Панель инструментов
  21. Мастер подстановки
  22. Использование вложенных функций
  23. Как редактировать формулу
  24. Как убрать формулу
  25. Возможные ошибки при составлении формул в редакторе Excel
  26. Коды ошибок при работе с формулами
  27. Примеры использования формул
  28. Арифметика
  29. Условия
  30. Математические функции и графики
  31. Отличие в версиях MS Excel
  32. Заключение
  33. Файл примеров
  34. Видеоинструкция

Как вставить формулу

Для создания простой формулы достаточно следовать следующей инструкции:

  1. Сделайте активной любую клетку. Кликните на строку ввода формул. Поставьте знак равенства.

Вставка формулы

  1. Введите любое выражение. Использовать можно как цифры,

Цифры

так и ссылки на ячейки.

Ссылки и ячейки

При этом затронутые ячейки всегда подсвечиваются. Это делается для того, чтобы вы не ошиблись с выбором. Визуально увидеть ошибку проще, чем в текстовом виде.

Из чего состоит формула

В качестве примера приведём следующее выражение.

Пример

Оно состоит из:

  • символ «=» – с него начинается любая формула;
  • функция «СУММ»;
  • аргумента функции «A1:C1» (в данном случае это массив ячеек с «A1» по «C1»);
  • оператора «+» (сложение);
  • ссылки на ячейку «C1»;
  • оператора «^» (возведение в степень);
  • константы «2».

Использование операторов

Операторы в редакторе Excel указывают какие именно операции нужно выполнить над указанными элементами формулы. При вычислении всегда соблюдается один и тот же порядок:

  • скобки;
  • экспоненты;
  • умножение и деление (в зависимости от последовательности);
  • сложение и вычитание (также в зависимости от последовательности).

Арифметические

К ним относятся:

  • сложение – «+» (плюс);

[kod]=2+2[/kod]

  • отрицание или вычитание – «-» (минус);

[kod]=2-2[/kod]

[kod]=-2[/kod]

Если перед числом поставить «минус», то оно примет отрицательное значение, но по модулю останется точно таким же.

  • умножение – «*»;

[kod]=2*2[/kod]

  • деление «/»;

[kod]=2/2[/kod]

  • процент «%»;

[kod]=20%[/kod]

  • возведение в степень – «^».

[kod]=2^2[/kod]

Операторы сравнения

Данные операторы применяются для сравнения значений. В результате операции возвращается ИСТИНА или ЛОЖЬ. К ним относятся:

  • знак «равенства» – «=»;

[kod]=C1=D1[/kod]

  • знак «больше» – «>»;

[kod]=C1>D1[/kod]

  • знак «меньше» — «<»;

[kod]=C1<D1[/kod]

  • знак «больше или равно» — «>=»;

[kod]=C1>=D1[/kod]

  • знак «меньше или равно» — «<=»;

[kod]=C1<=D1[/kod]

  • знак «не равно» — «<>».

[kod]=C1<>D1[/kod]

Оператор объединения текста

Для этой цели используется специальный символ «&» (амперсанд). При помощи его можно соединить различные фрагменты в одно целое – тот же принцип, что и с функцией «СЦЕПИТЬ». Приведем несколько примеров:

  1. Если вы хотите объединить текст в ячейках, то нужно использовать следующий код.

[kod]=A1&A2&A3[/kod]

  1. Для того чтобы вставить между ними какой-нибудь символ или букву, нужно использовать следующую конструкцию.

[kod]=A1&»,»&A2&»,»&A3[/kod]

  1. Объединять можно не только ячейки, но и обычные символы.

[kod]=»Авто»&»мобиль»[/kod]

Любой текст, кроме ссылок, необходимо указывать в кавычках. Иначе формула выдаст ошибку.

Дополнительные символы

Обратите внимание, что кавычки используют именно такие, как на скриншоте.

Операторы ссылок

Для определения ссылок можно использовать следующие операторы:

  • для того чтобы создать простую ссылку на нужный диапазон ячеек, достаточно указать первую и последнюю клетку этой области, а между ними символ «:»;
  • для объединения ссылок используется знак «;»;
  • если необходимо определить клетки, которые находятся на пересечении нескольких диапазонов, то между ссылками ставится «пробел». В данном случае выведется значение клетки «C7».

Операторы ссылок

Поскольку только она попадает под определение «пересечения множеств». Именно такое название носит данный оператор (пробел).

Пересечение множеств

Давайте разберем ссылки более детально, поскольку это очень важный фрагмент в формулах.

Использование ссылок

Во время работы в редакторе Excel можно использовать ссылки различных видов. При этом большинство начинающих пользователей умеют пользоваться только самыми простыми из них. Мы вас научим, как правильно вводить ссылки всех форматов.

Простые ссылки A1

Как правило, данный вид используют чаще всего, поскольку их составлять намного удобнее, чем остальные.

В таких ссылках буквы означают столбец, а цифра – строку. Максимально можно задать:

  • столбцов – от A до XFD (не больше 16384);
  • строк – от 1 до 1048576.

Приведем несколько примеров:

  • ячейка на пересечении строки 5 и столбца B – «B5»;
  • диапазон ячеек в столбце B начиная с 5 по 25 строку – «B5:B25»;
  • диапазон ячеек в строке 5 начиная со столбца B до F – «B5:F5»;
  • все ячейки в строке 10 – «10:10»;
  • все ячейки в строках с 10 по 15 – «10:15»;
  • все клетки в столбце B – «B:B»;
  • все клетки в столбцах с B по K – «B:K»;
  • диапазон ячеек с B2 по F5 – «B2-F5».

Каждый раз при написании ссылки вы будете видеть вот такое выделение.

Выделение

Ссылки на другой лист

Иногда в формулах используется информация с других листов. Работает это следующим образом.

[kod]=СУММ(Лист2!A5:C5)[/kod]

Ссылки на другой лист

На втором листе указаны следующие данные.

Указанные данные

Если в названии листа есть пробел, то в формуле его нужно указывать в одинарных кавычках (апострофы).

[kod]=СУММ(‘Лист номер 2’!A5:C5)[/kod]

Абсолютные и относительные ссылки

Редактор Эксель работает с тремя видами ссылок:

  • абсолютные;
  • относительные;
  • смешанные.

Рассмотрим их более внимательно.

Относительные ссылки

Все указанные ранее примеры принадлежат к относительному адресу ячеек. Данный тип самый популярный. Главное практическое преимущество в том, что редактор во время переноса изменит ссылки на другое значение. В соответствии с тем, куда именно вы скопировали эту формулу. Для подсчета будет учитываться количество клеток между старым и новым положением.

Представьте, что вам нужно растянуть эту формулу на всю колонку или строку. Вы же не будете вручную изменять буквы и цифры в адресах ячеек. Работает это следующим образом.

  1. Введём формулу для расчета суммы первой колонки.

[kod]=СУММ(B4:B9)[/kod]

Относительные ссылки

  1. Нажмите на горячие клавиши [knopka]Ctrl[/knopka]+[knopka]C[/knopka]. Для того чтобы перенести формулу на соседнюю клетку, необходимо перейти туда и нажать на [knopka]Ctrl[/knopka]+[knopka]V[/knopka].

Вставка формулы в новую ячейку

Если таблица очень большая, лучше кликнуть на правый нижний угол и, не отпуская пальца, протянуть указатель до конца. Если данных мало, то копировать при помощи горячих клавиш намного быстрее.

Растяжение

  1. Теперь посмотрите на новые формулы. Изменение индекса столбца произошло автоматически.

Индекс изменен

Абсолютные ссылки

Если вы хотите, чтобы при переносе формул все ссылки сохранялись (то есть чтобы они не менялись в автоматическом режиме), нужно использовать абсолютные адреса. Они указываются в виде «$B$2».

Если в ссылке перед цифрой или буквой указан знак доллара, то это значение не меняется. В качестве примера изменим вышеуказанную формулу на следующий вид.

[kod]=СУММ($B$4:$B$9)[/kod]

В итоге мы видим, что изменений никаких не произошло. Во всех столбцах у нас отображается одно и то же число.

Абсолютные ссылки

Смешанные ссылки

Данный тип адресов используется тогда, когда необходимо зафиксировать только столбец или строку, а не всё одновременно. Использовать можно следующие конструкции:

  • $D1, $F5, $G3 – для фиксации столбцов;
  • D$1, F$5, G$3 – для фиксации строк.

Работают с такими формулами только тогда, когда это необходимо. Например, если вам нужно работать с одной постоянной строкой данных, но при этом изменять только столбцы. И самое главное – если вы собираетесь рассчитать результат в разных ячейках, которые не расположены вдоль одной линии.

Дело в том, что когда вы скопируете формулу на другую строку, то в ссылках цифры автоматически изменятся на количество клеток от исходного значения. Если использовать смешанные адреса, то всё останется на месте. Делается это следующим образом.

  1. В качестве примера используем следующее выражение.

[kod]=B$4[/kod]

Смешанные ссылки

  1. Перенесем эту формулу в другую ячейку. Желательно не на следующую и на другой строке. Теперь вы видим, что новое выражение содержит ту же строчку (4), но другую букву, поскольку только она была относительной.

Перенос формулы

Трёхмерные ссылки

Под понятие «трёхмерные» попадают те адреса, в которых указывается диапазон листов. Пример формулы выглядит следующим образом.

[kod]=СУММ(Лист1:Лист4!A5)[/kod]

В данном случае результат будет соответствовать сумме всех ячеек «A5» на всех листах, начиная с 1 по 4. При составлении таких выражений необходимо придерживаться следующих условий:

  • в массивах нельзя использовать подобные ссылки;
  • трехмерные выражения запрещается использовать там, где есть пересечение ячеек (например, оператор «пробел»);
  • при создании формул с трехмерными адресами можно использовать следующие функции: СРЗНАЧ, СТАНДОТКЛОНА, СТАНДОТКЛОН.В, СРЗНАЧА, СТАНДОТКЛОНПА, СТАНДОТКЛОН.Г, СУММ, СЧЁТЗ, СЧЁТ, МИН, МАКС, МИНА, МАКСА, ДИСПР, ПРОИЗВЕД, ДИСППА, ДИСП.В и ДИСПА.

Если нарушить эти правила, то вы увидите какую-нибудь ошибку.

Ссылки формата R1C1

Данный тип ссылок от «A1» отличается тем, что номер задается не только строкам, но и столбцам. Разработчики решили заменить обычный вид на этот вариант для удобства в макросах, но их можно использовать где угодно. Приведем несколько примеров таких адресов:

  • R10C10 – абсолютная ссылка на клетку, которая расположена на десятой строке десятого столбца;
  • R – абсолютная ссылка на текущую (в которой указывается формула) ссылку;
  • R[-2] – относительная ссылка на строчку, которая расположена на две позиции выше этой;
  • R[-3]C – относительная ссылка на клетку, которая расположена на три позиции выше в текущем столбце (где вы решили прописать формулу);
  • R[5]C[5] – относительная ссылка на клетку, которая распложена на пять клеток правее и пять строк ниже текущей.

Использование имён

Программа Excel для обозначения диапазонов ячеек, одиночных ячеек, таблиц (обычные и сводные), констант и выражений позволяет создавать свои уникальные имена. При этом для редактора никакой разницы при работе с формулами нет – он понимает всё.

Имена вы можете использовать для умножения, деления, сложения, вычитания, расчета процентов, коэффициентов, отклонения, округления, НДС, ипотеки, кредита, сметы, табелей, различных бланков, скидки, зарплаты, стажа, аннуитетного платежа, работы с формулами «ВПР», «ВСД», «ПРОМЕЖУТОЧНЫЕ.ИТОГИ» и так далее. То есть можете делать, что угодно.

Главным условием можно назвать только одно – вы должны заранее определить это имя. Иначе Эксель о нём ничего знать не будет. Делается это следующим образом.

  1. Выделите какой-нибудь столбец.
  2. Вызовите контекстное меню.
  3. Выберите пункт «Присвоить имя».

Присвоить имя

  1. Укажите желаемое имя этого объекта. При этом нужно придерживаться следующих правил.

Правила имен

  1. Для сохранения нажмите на кнопку «OK».

Клик по ОК

Точно так же можно присвоить имя какой-нибудь ячейке, тексту или числу.

Использовать информацию в таблице можно как при помощи имён, так и при помощи обычных ссылок. Так выглядит стандартный вариант.

Стандартный вариант

А если попробовать вместо адреса «D4:D9» вставить наше имя, то вы увидите подсказку. Достаточно написать несколько знаков, и вы увидите, что подходит (из базы имён) больше всего.

Замена D4 D9

В нашем случае всё просто – «столбец_3». А представьте, что у вас таких имён будет большое множество. Все наизусть вы запомнить не сможете.

Использование функций

В редакторе Excel вставить функцию можно несколькими способами:

  • вручную;
  • при помощи панели инструментов;
  • при помощи окна «Вставка функции».

Рассмотрим каждый метод более внимательно.

Ручной ввод

В этом случае всё просто – вы при помощи рук, собственных знаний и умений вводите формулы в специальной строке или прямо в ячейке.

Ручной ввод

Если же у вас нет рабочего опыта в этой области, то лучше поначалу использовать более облегченные методы.

Панель инструментов

В этом случае необходимо:

  1. Перейти на вкладку «Формулы».
  2. Кликнуть на какую-нибудь библиотеку.
  3. Выбрать нужную функцию.

Панель инструментов

  1. Сразу после этого появится окно «Аргументы и функции» с уже выбранной функцией. Вам остается только проставить аргументы и сохранить формулу при помощи кнопки «OK».

Аргументы и функции

Мастер подстановки

Применить его можно следующим образом:

  1. Сделайте активной любую ячейку.
  2. Нажмите на иконку «Fx» или выполните сочетание клавиш [knopka]SHIFT[/knopka]+[knopka]F3[/knopka].

Fx

  1. Сразу после этого откроется окно «Вставка функции».
  2. Здесь вы увидите большой список различных функций, отсортированных по категориям. Кроме этого, можно воспользоваться поиском, если вы не можете найти нужный пункт.

Достаточно забить какое-нибудь слово, которым можно описать то, что вы хотите сделать, а редактор попробует вывести все подходящие варианты.

Вставка функции

  1. Выберите какую-нибудь функцию из предложенного списка.
  2. Чтобы продолжить, нужно кликнуть на кнопку «OK».

Нажатие на OK

  1. Затем вас попросят указать «Аргументы и функции». Сделать это можно вручную либо просто выделить нужный диапазон ячеек.
  2. Для того чтобы применить все настройки, нужно нажать на кнопку «OK».

Аргументы и функции вручную

  1. В результате этого мы увидим цифру 6, хотя это было и так понятно, поскольку в окне «Аргументы и функции» выводится предварительный результат. Данные пересчитываются моментально при изменении любого из аргументов.

Пересчет данных

Использование вложенных функций

В качестве примера будем использовать формулы с логическими условиями. Для этого нам нужно будет добавить какую-нибудь таблицу.

Сумма

Затем придерживайтесь следующей инструкции:

  1. Кликните на первую ячейку. Вызовите окно «Вставка функции». Выберите функцию «Если». Для вставки нажмите на «OK».

Если

  1. Затем нужно будет составить какое-нибудь логическое выражение. Его необходимо записать в первое поле. Например, можно сложить значения трех ячеек в одной строке и проверить, будет ли сумма больше 10. В случае «истины» указываем текст «Больше 10». Для ложного результата – «Меньше 10». Затем для возврата в рабочее пространство нажимаем на «OK».

Меньше 10

  1. В итоге мы видим следующее – редактор выдал, что сумма ячеек в третьей строке меньше 10. И это правильно. Значит, наш код работает.

[kod]=ЕСЛИ(СУММ(B3:D3)>10;»Больше 10″;»Меньше 10″)[/kod]

Больше 10

  1. Теперь нужно настроить и следующие клетки. В этом случае наша формула просто протягивается дальше. Для этого сначала необходимо навести курсор на правый нижний угол ячейки. После того как изменится курсор, нужно сделать левый клик и скопировать её до самого низа.

Растяжение строки

  1. В итоге редактор пересчитывает наше выражение для каждой строки.

Пересчет формул

Как видите, копирование произошло весьма успешно, поскольку мы использовали относительные ссылки, о которых мы говорили ранее. Если же вам нужно закрепить адреса в аргументах функций, тогда используйте абсолютные значения.

Как редактировать формулу

Сделать это можно несколькими способами: использовать строку формул или специальный мастер. В первом случае всё просто – кликаете в специальное поле и вручную вводите нужные изменения. Но писать там не совсем удобно.

Единственное, что вы можете сделать, это увеличить поле для ввода. Для этого достаточно кликнуть на указанную иконку или нажать на сочетание клавиш [knopka]Ctrl[/knopka]+[knopka]Shift[/knopka]+[knopka]U[/knopka].

Как редактировать формулу

Стоит отметить, что это единственный способ, если вы не используете в формуле функции.

В случае использования функций всё становится намного проще. Для редактирования необходимо следовать следующей инструкции:

  1. Сделайте активной клетку с формулой. Нажмите на иконку «Fx».

Нажатие на Fx

  1. После этого появится окно, в котором вы сможете в очень удобном виде изменить нужные вам аргументы функции. Кроме этого, здесь можно узнать, каким именно будет результат пересчета нового выражения.

Результат подсчета

  1. Для сохранения внесенных изменений нужно использовать кнопку «OK».

Как убрать формулу

Для того чтобы удалить какое-нибудь выражение, достаточно сделать следующее:

  1. Кликните на любую ячейку.

Как убрать формулу

  1. Нажмите на кнопку [knopka]Delete[/knopka] или [knopka]Backspace[/knopka]. В результате этого клетка окажется пустой.

Добиться точно такого же результата можно и при помощи инструмента «Очистить всё».

Очистить всё

Возможные ошибки при составлении формул в редакторе Excel

Ниже перечислены самые популярные ошибки, которые допускаются пользователями:

  • в выражении используется огромное количество вложенностей. Их должно быть не более 64;
  • в формулах указываются пути к внешним книгам без полного пути;
  • неправильно расставлены открывающиеся и закрывающиеся скобки. Именно поэтому в редакторе в строке формул все скобки подсвечиваются другим цветом;

Возможные ошибки

  • имена книг и листов не берутся в кавычки;
  • используются числа в неправильном формате. Например, если вам нужно указать $2000, необходимо вбить просто 2000 и выбрать соответствующий формат ячейки, поскольку символ $ задействован программой для абсолютных ссылок;

$2000

  • не указываются обязательные аргументы функций. Обратите внимание на то, что необязательные аргументы указываются в квадратных скобках. Всё что без них – необходимо для полноценной работы формулы;

Отсутствуют аргументы

  • неправильно указываются диапазоны ячеек. Для этого необходимо использовать оператор «:» (двоеточие).

Коды ошибок при работе с формулами

При работе с формулой вы можете увидеть следующие варианты ошибок:

  • #ЗНАЧ! – данная ошибка показывает, что вы используете неправильный тип данных. Например, вместо числового значения пытаетесь использовать текст. Разумеется, Эксель не сможет вычислить сумму между двумя фразами;
  • #ИМЯ? – подобная ошибка означает, что вы допустили опечатку в написании названия функции. Или же пытаетесь ввести что-то несуществующее. Так делать нельзя. Кроме этого, проблема может быть и в другом. Если вы уверены в имени функции, то попробуйте посмотреть на формулу более внимательно. Возможно, вы забыли какую-нибудь скобку. Кроме этого, нужно учитывать, что текстовые фрагменты указываются в кавычках. Если ничего не помогает, попробуйте составить выражение заново;
  • #ЧИСЛО! – отображение подобного сообщения означает, что у вас какая-то проблема с аргументами или с результатом выполнения формулы. Например, число получилось слишком огромным или наоборот – маленьким;
  • #ДЕЛ/0!– данная ошибка означает, что вы пытаетесь написать выражение, в котором происходит деление на ноль. Excel не может отменить правила математики. Поэтому такие действия здесь также запрещены;
  • #Н/Д! – редактор может показать это сообщение, если какое-нибудь значение недоступно. Например, если вы используете функции ПОИСК, ПОИСКА, ПОИСКПОЗ, и Excel не нашел искомый фрагмент. Или же данных вообще нет и формуле не с чем работать;
  • Если вы пытаетесь что-то посчитать, и программа Excel пишет слово #ССЫЛКА!, значит, в аргументе функции используется неправильный диапазон ячеек;
  • #ПУСТО! – эта ошибка появляется в том случае, если у вас используется несогласующаяся формула с пересекающимися диапазонами. Точнее – если в действительности подобные ячейки отсутствуют (которые оказываются на пересечении двух диапазонов). Довольно часто такая ошибка возникает случайно. Достаточно оставить один пробел в аргументе, и редактор воспримет его как специальный оператор (о нём мы рассказывали ранее).

Коды ошибок

При редактировании формулы (ячейки подсвечиваются) вы увидите, что они на самом деле не пересекаются.

Ячейки не пересекаются

Иногда можно увидеть много символов #, которые полностью заполняют ячейку по ширине. На самом деле тут ошибки нет. Это означает, что вы работаете с числами, которые не помещаются в данную клетку.

Символ #

Для того чтобы увидеть содержащееся там значение, достаточно изменить размер столбца.

Смена размера столбца

Кроме этого, можно использовать форматирование ячеек. Для этого необходимо выполнить несколько простых шагов:

  1. Вызовите контекстное меню. Выберите пункт «Формат ячеек».

Формат ячеек

  1. Укажите тип «Общий». Для продолжения используйте кнопку «OK».

Общий

Благодаря этому редактор Эксель сможет перевести это число в другой формат, который умещается в данном столбце.

Новый формат

Примеры использования формул

Редактор Microsoft Excel позволяет обрабатывать информацию любым удобным для вас способом. Для этого есть все необходимые условия и возможности. Рассмотрим несколько примеров формул по категориям. Так вам будет проще разобраться.

Арифметика

Для того чтобы оценить математические возможности Экселя, нужно выполнить следующие действия.

  1. Создайте таблицу с какими-нибудь условными данными.

Арифметика

  1. Для того чтобы высчитать сумму, введите следующую формулу. Если хотите прибавить только одно значение, можно использовать оператор сложения («+»).

[kod]=СУММ(B3:C3)[/kod]

  1. Как ни странно, в редакторе Excel нельзя отнять при помощи функций. Для вычета используется обычный оператор «-». В этом случае код получится следующий.

[kod]=B3-C3[/kod]

  1. Для того чтобы определить, сколько первое число составляет от второго в процентах, нужно использовать вот такую простую конструкцию. Если вы захотите вычесть несколько значений, то придется прописывать «минус» для каждой ячейки.

[kod]=B3/C3%[/kod]

Обратите внимание, что символ процента ставится в конце, а не в начале. Кроме этого, при работе с процентами не нужно дополнительно умножать на 100. Это происходит автоматически.

  1. Для определения среднего значения используйте следующую формулу.

[kod]=СРЗНАЧ(B3:C3)[/kod]

  1. В результате описанных выше выражений, вы увидите следующий итог.

Пробная таблица

Условия

Считать ячейки можно с учетом определенных условий.

  1. Для этого увеличим нашу таблицу.

Условия

  1. Например, сложим те ячейки, у которых значение больше трёх.

[kod]=СУММЕСЛИ(B3;»>3″;B3:C3)[/kod]

  1. Excel может складывать с учетом сразу нескольких условий. Можно посчитать сумму клеток первого столбца, значение которых больше 2 и меньше 6. И ту же самую формулу можно установить для второй колонки.

[kod]=СУММЕСЛИМН(B3:B9;B3:B9;»>2″;B3:B9;»<6″)[/kod]

[kod]=СУММЕСЛИМН(C3:C9;C3:C9;»>2″;C3:C9;»<6″)[/kod]

  1. Также можно посчитать количество элементов, которые удовлетворяют какому-то условию. Например, пусть Эксель посчитает, сколько у нас чисел больше 3.

[kod]=СЧЁТЕСЛИ(B3:B9;»>3″)[/kod]

[kod]=СЧЁТЕСЛИ(C3:C9;»>3″)[/kod]

  1. Результат всех формул получится следующим.

Результат работы

Математические функции и графики

При помощи Экселя можно рассчитывать различные функции и строить по ним графики, а затем проводить графический анализ. Как правило, подобные приёмы используются в презентациях.

В качестве примера попробуем построить графики для экспоненты и какого-нибудь уравнения. Инструкция будет следующей:

  1. Создадим таблицу. В первой графе у нас будет исходное число «X», во второй – функция «EXP», в третьей – указанное соотношение. Можно было бы сделать квадратичное выражение, но тогда бы результирующее значение на фоне экспоненты на графике практически пропало бы.

Функция EXP

  1. Для того чтобы преобразовать значение «X», нужно указать следующие формулы.

[kod]=EXP(B4)[/kod]

[kod]=B4+5*B4^3/2[/kod]

  1. Дублируем эти выражения до самого конца. В итоге получаем следующий результат.

Итоговый результат

  1. Выделяем всю таблицу. Переходим на вкладку «Вставка». Кликаем на инструмент «Рекомендуемые диаграммы».

Рекомендуемые диаграммы

  1. Выбираем тип «Линия». Для продолжения кликаем на «OK».

Линия

  1. Результат получился довольно-таки красивый и аккуратный.

Аккуратный результат

Как мы и говорили ранее, прирост экспоненты происходит намного быстрее, чем у обычного кубического уравнения.

Подобным образом можно представить графически любую функцию или математическое выражение.

Отличие в версиях MS Excel

Всё описанное выше подходит для современных программ 2007, 2010, 2013 и 2016 года. Старый редактор Эксель значительно уступает в плане возможностей, количества функций и инструментов. Если откроете официальную справку от Microsoft, то увидите, что они дополнительно указывают, в какой именно версии программы появилась данная функция.

Отличие в версиях MS Excel

Во всём остальном всё выглядит практически точно так же. В качестве примера, посчитаем сумму нескольких ячеек. Для этого необходимо:

  1. Указать какие-нибудь данные для вычисления. Кликните на любую клетку. Нажмите на иконку «Fx».

Кнопка Fx

  1. Выбираем категорию «Математические». Находим функцию «СУММ» и нажимаем на «OK».

Математические

  1. Указываем данные в нужном диапазоне. Для того чтобы отобразить результат, нужно нажать на «OK».

Кнопка OK

  1. Можете попробовать пересчитать в любом другом редакторе. Процесс будет происходить точно так же.

Пересчет

Заключение

В данном самоучителе мы рассказали обо всем, что связано с формулами в редакторе Excel, – от самого простого до очень сложного. Каждый раздел сопровождался подробными примерами и пояснениями. Это сделано для того, чтобы информация была доступной даже для полных чайников.

Если у вас что-то не получается, значит, вы допускаете где-то ошибку. Возможно, у вас есть опечатки в выражениях или же указаны неправильные ссылки на ячейки. Главное понять, что всё нужно вбивать очень аккуратно и внимательно. Тем более все функции не на английском, а на русском языке.

Кроме этого, важно помнить, что формулы должны начинаться с символа «=» (равно). Многие начинающие пользователи забывают про это.

Файл примеров

Для того чтобы вам было легче разобраться с описанными ранее формулами, мы подготовили специальный демо-файл, в котором составлялись все указанные примеры. Вы можете скачать его с нашего сайта совершенно бесплатно. Если во время обучения вы будете использовать готовую таблицу с формулами на основании заполненных данных, то добьетесь результата намного быстрее.

Видеоинструкция

Если наше описание вам не помогло, попробуйте посмотреть приложенное ниже видео, в котором рассказываются основные моменты более детально. Возможно, вы делаете всё правильно, но что-то упускаете из виду. С помощью этого ролика вы должны разобраться со всеми проблемами. Надеемся, что подобные уроки вам помогли. Заглядывайте к нам чаще.

In this post, you will find almost all excel functions and formulas in groups with short descriptions.

Function

Function

You may find detailed information about certain formulas in our formulas section.

Lookup and Reference functions

ADDRESS

Returns a reference as text to a single cell in a worksheet

AREAS

Returns the number of areas in a reference

CHOOSE

Chooses a value from a list of values

COLUMN

Returns the column number of a reference

COLUMNS

Returns the number of columns in a reference

HLOOKUP

Looks in the top row of an array and returns the value of the indicated cell

HYPERLINK

Creates a shortcut or jump that opens a document stored on a network server, an intranet, or the Internet

INDEX

Uses an index to choose a value from a reference or array

INDIRECT

Returns a reference indicated by a text value

LOOKUP

Looks up values in a vector or array

MATCH

Looks up values in a reference or array

OFFSET

Returns a reference offset from a given reference

ROW

Returns the row number of a reference

ROWS

Returns the number of rows in a reference

RTD

Retrieves real-time data from a program that supports COM automation

TRANSPOSE

Returns the transpose of an array

VLOOKUP

Looks in the first column of an array and moves across the row to return the value of a cell

Financial functions

ACCRINT

Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays periodic interest

ACCRINTM

Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays interest at maturity

AMORDEGRC

Returns the depreciation for each accounting period by using a depreciation coefficient

AMORLINC

Returns the depreciation for each accounting period

COUPDAYBS

Returns the number of days from the beginning of the coupon period to the settlement date

COUPDAYS

Returns the number of days in the coupon period that contains the settlement date

COUPDAYSNC

Returns the number of days from the settlement date to the next coupon date

COUPNCD

Returns the next coupon date after the settlement date

COUPNUM

Returns the number of coupons payable between the settlement date and maturity date

COUPPCD

Returns the previous coupon date before the settlement date

CUMIPMT

Returns the cumulative interest paid between two periods

CUMPRINC

Returns the cumulative principal paid on a loan between two periods

DB

Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period using the fixed-declining balance method

DDB

Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period using the double-declining balance method or some other method you specify

DISC

Returns the discount rate for a security

DOLLARDE

Converts a dollar price, expressed as a fraction, into a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number

DOLLARFR

Converts a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number, into a dollar price, expressed as a fraction

DURATION

Returns the annual duration of a security with periodic interest payments

EFFECT

Returns the effective annual interest rate

FV

Returns the future value of an investment

FVSCHEDULE

Returns the future value of an initial principal after applying a series of compound interest rates

INTRATE

Returns the interest rate for a fully invested security

IPMT

Returns the interest payment for an investment for a given period

IRR

Returns the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows

ISPMT

Calculates the interest paid during a specific period of an investment

MDURATION

Returns the Macauley modified duration for a security with an assumed par value of $100

MIRR

Returns the internal rate of return where positive and negative cash flows are financed at different rates

NOMINAL

Returns the annual nominal interest rate

NPER

Returns the number of periods for an investment

NPV

Returns the net present value of an investment based on a series of periodic cash flows and a discount rate

ODDFPRICE

Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd first period

ODDFYIELD

Returns the yield of a security with an odd first period

ODDLPRICE

Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd last period

ODDLYIELD

Returns the yield of a security with an odd last period

PMT

Returns the periodic payment for an annuity

PPMT

Returns the payment on the principal for an investment for a given period

PRICE

Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays periodic interest

PRICEDISC

Returns the price per $100 face value of a discounted security

PRICEMAT

Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays interest at maturity

PV

Returns the present value of an investment

RATE

Returns the interest rate per period of an annuity

RECEIVED

Returns the amount received at maturity for a fully invested security

SLN

Returns the straight-line depreciation of an asset for one period

SYD

Returns the sum-of-years’ digits depreciation of an asset for a specified period

TBILLEQ

Returns the bond-equivalent yield for a Treasury bill

TBILLPRICE

Returns the price per $100 face value for a Treasury bill

TBILLYIELD

Returns the yield for a Treasury bill

VDB

Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified or partial period using a declining balance method

XIRR

Returns the internal rate of return for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic

XNPV

Returns the net present value for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic

YIELD

Returns the yield on a security that pays periodic interest

YIELDDISC

Returns the annual yield for a discounted security; for example, a Treasury bill

YIELDMAT

Returns the annual yield of a security that pays interest at maturity

Date and Time functions

DATE

Returns the serial number of a particular date

DATEVALUE

Converts a date in the form of text to a serial number

DAY

Converts a serial number to a day of the month

DAYS360

Calculates the number of days between two dates based on a 360-day year

EDATE

Returns the serial number of the date that is the indicated number of months before or after the start date

EOMONTH

Returns the serial number of the last day of the month before or after a specified number of months

HOUR

Converts a serial number to an hour

MINUTE

Converts a serial number to a minute

MONTH

Converts a serial number to a month

NETWORKDAYS

Returns the number of whole workdays between two dates

NOW

Returns the serial number of the current date and time

SECOND

Converts a serial number to a second

TIME

Returns the serial number of a particular time

TIMEVALUE

Converts a time in the form of text to a serial number

TODAY

Returns the serial number of today’s date

WEEKDAY

Converts a serial number to a day of the week

WEEKNUM

Converts a serial number to a number representing where the week falls numerically with a year

WORKDAY

Returns the serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays

YEAR

Converts a serial number to a year

YEARFRAC

Returns the year fraction representing the number of whole days between start_date and end_date

Math and Trigonometry functions

ABS

Returns the absolute value of a number

ACOS

Returns the arccosine of a number

ACOSH

Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number

ASIN

Returns the arcsine of a number

ASINH

Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number

ATAN

Returns the arctangent of a number

ATAN2

Returns the arctangent from x- and y-coordinates

ATANH

Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number

CEILING

Rounds a number to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance

COMBIN

Returns the number of combinations for a given number of objects

COS

Returns the cosine of a number

COSH

Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number

DEGREES

Converts radians to degrees

EVEN

Rounds a number up to the nearest even integer

EXP

Returns e raised to the power of a given number

FACT

Returns the factorial of a number

FACTDOUBLE

Returns the double factorial of a number

FLOOR

Rounds a number down, toward zero

GCD

Returns the greatest common divisor

INT

Rounds a number down to the nearest integer

LCM

Returns the least common multiple

LN

Returns the natural logarithm of a number

LOG

Returns the logarithm of a number to a specified base

LOG10

Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number

MDETERM

Returns the matrix determinant of an array

MINVERSE

Returns the matrix inverse of an array

MMULT

Returns the matrix product of two arrays

MOD

Returns the remainder from division

MROUND

Returns a number rounded to the desired multiple

MULTINOMIAL

Returns the multinomial of a set of numbers

ODD

Rounds a number up to the nearest odd integer

PI

Returns the value of pi

POWER

Returns the result of a number raised to a power

PRODUCT

Multiplies its arguments

QUOTIENT

Returns the integer portion of a division

RADIANS

Converts degrees to radians

RAND

Returns a random number between 0 and 1

RANDBETWEEN

Returns a random number between the numbers you specify

ROMAN

Converts an arabic numeral to roman, as text

ROUND

Rounds a number to a specified number of digits

ROUNDDOWN

Rounds a number down, toward zero

ROUNDUP

Rounds a number up, away from zero

SERIESSUM

Returns the sum of a power series based on the formula

SIGN

Returns the sign of a number

SIN

Returns the sine of the given angle

SINH

Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number

SQRT

Returns a positive square root

SQRTPI

Returns the square root of (number * pi)

SUBTOTAL

Returns a subtotal in a list or database

SUM

Adds its arguments

SUMIF

Adds the cells specified by a given criteria

SUMPRODUCT

Returns the sum of the products of corresponding array components

SUMSQ

Returns the sum of the squares of the arguments

SUMX2MY2

Returns the sum of the difference of squares of corresponding values in two arrays

SUMX2PY2

Returns the sum of the sum of squares of corresponding values in two arrays

SUMXMY2

Returns the sum of squares of differences of corresponding values in two arrays

TAN

Returns the tangent of a number

TANH

Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number

TRUNC

Truncates a number to an integer

Statistical functions

AVEDEV

Returns the average of the absolute deviations of data points from their mean

AVERAGE

Returns the average of its arguments

AVERAGEA

Returns the average of its arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values

BETADIST

Returns the beta cumulative distribution function

BETAINV

Returns the inverse of the cumulative distribution function for a specified beta distribution

BINOMDIST

Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability

CHIDIST

Returns the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution

CHIINV

Returns the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution

CHITEST

Returns the test for independence

CONFIDENCE

Returns the confidence interval for a population mean

CORREL

Returns the correlation coefficient between two data sets

COUNT

Counts how many numbers are in the list of arguments

COUNTA

Counts how many values are in the list of arguments

COUNTBLANK

Counts the number of blank cells within a range

COUNTIF

Counts the number of nonblank cells within a range that meet the given criteria

COVAR

Returns covariance, the average of the products of paired deviations

CRITBINOM

Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is less than or equal to a criterion value

DEVSQ

Returns the sum of squares of deviations

EXPONDIST

Returns the exponential distribution

FDIST

Returns the F probability distribution

FINV

Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution

FISHER

Returns the Fisher transformation

FISHERINV

Returns the inverse of the Fisher transformation

FORECAST

Returns a value along a linear trend

FREQUENCY

Returns a frequency distribution as a vertical array

FTEST

Returns the result of an F-test

GAMMADIST

Returns the gamma distribution

GAMMAINV

Returns the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution

GAMMALN

Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function, Γ(x)

GEOMEAN

Returns the geometric mean

GROWTH

Returns values along an exponential trend

HARMEAN

Returns the harmonic mean

HYPGEOMDIST

Returns the hypergeometric distribution

INTERCEPT

Returns the intercept of the linear regression line

KURT

Returns the kurtosis of a data set

LARGE

Returns the k-th largest value in a data set

LINEST

Returns the parameters of a linear trend

LOGEST

Returns the parameters of an exponential trend

LOGINV

Returns the inverse of the lognormal distribution

LOGNORMDIST

Returns the cumulative lognormal distribution

MAX

Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments

MAXA

Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values

MEDIAN

Returns the median of the given numbers

MIN

Returns the minimum value in a list of arguments

MINA

Returns the smallest value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values

MODE

Returns the most common value in a data set

NEGBINOMDIST

Returns the negative binomial distribution

NORMDIST

Returns the normal cumulative distribution

NORMINV

Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution

NORMSDIST

Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution

NORMSINV

Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution

PEARSON

Returns the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient

PERCENTILE

Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range

PERCENTRANK

Returns the percentage rank of a value in a data set

PERMUT

Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects

POISSON

Returns the Poisson distribution

PROB

Returns the probability that values in a range are between two limits

QUARTILE

Returns the quartile of a data set

RANK

Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers

RSQ

Returns the square of the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient

SKEW

Returns the skewness of a distribution

SLOPE

Returns the slope of the linear regression line

SMALL

Returns the k-th smallest value in a data set

STANDARDIZE

Returns a normalized value

STDEV

Estimates standard deviation based on a sample

STDEVA

Estimates standard deviation based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values

STDEVP

Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population

STDEVPA

Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values

STEYX

Returns the standard error of the predicted y-value for each x in the regression

TDIST

Returns the Student’s t-distribution

TINV

Returns the inverse of the Student’s t-distribution

TREND

Returns values along a linear trend

TRIMMEAN

Returns the mean of the interior of a data set

TTEST

Returns the probability associated with a Student’s t-test

VAR

Estimates variance based on a sample

VARA

Estimates variance based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values

VARP

Calculates variance based on the entire population

VARPA

Calculates variance based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values

WEIBULL

Returns the Weibull distribution

ZTEST

Returns the one-tailed probability-value of a z-test

Database and List Management functions

DAVERAGE

Returns the average of selected database entries

DCOUNT

Counts the cells that contain numbers in a database

DCOUNTA

Counts nonblank cells in a database

DGET

Extracts from a database a single record that matches the specified criteria

DMAX

Returns the maximum value from selected database entries

DMIN

Returns the minimum value from selected database entries

DPRODUCT

Multiplies the values in a particular field of records that match the criteria in a database

DSTDEV

Estimates the standard deviation based on a sample of selected database entries

DSTDEVP

Calculates the standard deviation based on the entire population of selected database entries

DSUM

Adds the numbers in the field column of records in the database that match the criteria

DVAR

Estimates variance based on a sample from selected database entries

DVARP

Calculates variance based on the entire population of selected database entries

GETPIVOTDATA

Returns data stored in a PivotTable

Text and Data functions

ASC

Changes full-width (double-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to half-width (single-byte) characters

BAHTTEXT

Converts a number to text, using the ß (baht) currency format

CHAR

Returns the character specified by the code number

CLEAN

Removes all nonprintable characters from text

CODE

Returns a numeric code for the first character in a text string

CONCATENATE

Joins several text items into one text item

DOLLAR

Converts a number to text, using the $ (dollar) currency format

EXACT

Checks to see if two text values are identical

FIND

Finds one text value within another (case-sensitive)

FIXED

Formats a number as text with a fixed number of decimals

JIS

Changes half-width (single-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to full-width (double-byte) characters

LEFT

Returns the leftmost characters from a text value

LEN

Returns the number of characters in a text string

LOWER

Converts text to lowercase

MID

Returns a specific number of characters from a text string starting at the position you specify

PHONETIC

Extracts the phonetic (furigana) characters from a text string

PROPER

Capitalizes the first letter in each word of a text value

REPLACE

Replaces characters within text

REPT

Repeats text a given number of times

RIGHT

Returns the rightmost characters from a text value

SEARCH

Finds one text value within another (not case-sensitive)

SUBSTITUTE

Substitutes new text for old text in a text string

T

Converts its arguments to text

TEXT

Formats a number and converts it to text

TRIM

Removes spaces from text

UPPER

Converts text to uppercase

VALUE

Converts a text argument to a number

Logical functions

AND

Returns TRUE if all its arguments are TRUE

FALSE

Returns the logical value FALSE

IF

Specifies a logical test to perform

NOT

Reverses the logic of its argument

OR

Returns TRUE if any argument is TRUE

TRUE

Returns the logical value TRUE

Information functions

CELL

Returns information about the formatting, location, or contents of a cell

ERROR.TYPE

Returns a number corresponding to an error type

INFO

Returns information about the current operating environment

ISBLANK

Returns TRUE if the value is blank

ISERR

Returns TRUE if the value is any error value except #N/A

ISERROR

Returns TRUE if the value is any error value

ISEVEN

Returns TRUE if the number is even

ISLOGICAL

Returns TRUE if the value is a logical value

ISNA

Returns TRUE if the value is the #N/A error value

ISNONTEXT

Returns TRUE if the value is not text

ISNUMBER

Returns TRUE if the value is a number

ISODD

Returns TRUE if the number is odd

ISREF

Returns TRUE if the value is a reference

ISTEXT

Returns TRUE if the value is text

N

Returns a value converted to a number

NA

Returns the error value #N/A

TYPE

Returns a number indicating the data type of a value

Engineering functions

BESSELI

Returns the modified Bessel function In(x)

BESSELJ

Returns the Bessel function Jn(x)

BESSELK

Returns the modified Bessel function Kn(x)

BESSELY

Returns the Bessel function Yn(x)

BIN2DEC

Converts a binary number to decimal

BIN2HEX

Converts a binary number to hexadecimal

BIN2OCT

Converts a binary number to octal

COMPLEX

Converts real and imaginary coefficients into a complex number

CONVERT

Converts a number from one measurement system to another

DEC2BIN

Converts a decimal number to binary

DEC2HEX

Converts a decimal number to hexadecimal

DEC2OCT

Converts a decimal number to octal

DELTA

Tests whether two values are equal

ERF

Returns the error function

ERFC

Returns the complementary error function

GESTEP

Tests whether a number is greater than a threshold value

HEX2BIN

Converts a hexadecimal number to binary

HEX2DEC

Converts a hexadecimal number to decimal

HEX2OCT

Converts a hexadecimal number to octal

IMABS

Returns the absolute value (modulus) of a complex number

IMAGINARY

Returns the imaginary coefficient of a complex number

IMARGUMENT

Returns the argument theta, an angle expressed in radians

IMCONJUGATE

Returns the complex conjugate of a complex number

IMCOS

Returns the cosine of a complex number

IMDIV

Returns the quotient of two complex numbers

IMEXP

Returns the exponential of a complex number

IMLN

Returns the natural logarithm of a complex number

IMLOG10

Returns the base-10 logarithm of a complex number

IMLOG2

Returns the base-2 logarithm of a complex number

IMPOWER

Returns a complex number raised to an integer power

IMPRODUCT

Returns the product of from 2 to 29 complex numbers

IMREAL

Returns the real coefficient of a complex number

IMSIN

Returns the sine of a complex number

IMSQRT

Returns the square root of a complex number

IMSUB

Returns the difference between two complex numbers

IMSUM

Returns the sum of complex numbers

OCT2BIN

Converts an octal number to binary

OCT2DEC

Converts an octal number to decimal

OCT2HEX

Converts an octal number to hexadecimal

Lookup and Reference functions

ADDRESS

Returns a reference as text to a single cell in a worksheet

AREAS

Returns the number of areas in a reference

CHOOSE

Chooses a value from a list of values

COLUMN

Returns the column number of a reference

COLUMNS

Returns the number of columns in a reference

HLOOKUP

Looks in the top row of an array and returns the value of the indicated cell

HYPERLINK

Creates a shortcut or jump that opens a document stored on a network server, an intranet, or the Internet

INDEX

Uses an index to choose a value from a reference or array

INDIRECT

Returns a reference indicated by a text value

LOOKUP

Looks up values in a vector or array

MATCH

Looks up values in a reference or array

OFFSET

Returns a reference offset from a given reference

ROW

Returns the row number of a reference

ROWS

Returns the number of rows in a reference

RTD

Retrieves real-time data from a program that supports COM automation

TRANSPOSE

Returns the transpose of an array

VLOOKUP

Looks in the first column of an array and moves across the row to return the value of a cell

Financial functions

ACCRINT

Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays periodic interest

ACCRINTM

Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays interest at maturity

AMORDEGRC

Returns the depreciation for each accounting period by using a depreciation coefficient

AMORLINC

Returns the depreciation for each accounting period

COUPDAYBS

Returns the number of days from the beginning of the coupon period to the settlement date

COUPDAYS

Returns the number of days in the coupon period that contains the settlement date

COUPDAYSNC

Returns the number of days from the settlement date to the next coupon date

COUPNCD

Returns the next coupon date after the settlement date

COUPNUM

Returns the number of coupons payable between the settlement date and maturity date

COUPPCD

Returns the previous coupon date before the settlement date

CUMIPMT

Returns the cumulative interest paid between two periods

CUMPRINC

Returns the cumulative principal paid on a loan between two periods

DB

Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period using the fixed-declining balance method

DDB

Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period using the double-declining balance method or some other method you specify

DISC

Returns the discount rate for a security

DOLLARDE

Converts a dollar price, expressed as a fraction, into a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number

DOLLARFR

Converts a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number, into a dollar price, expressed as a fraction

DURATION

Returns the annual duration of a security with periodic interest payments

EFFECT

Returns the effective annual interest rate

FV

Returns the future value of an investment

FVSCHEDULE

Returns the future value of an initial principal after applying a series of compound interest rates

INTRATE

Returns the interest rate for a fully invested security

IPMT

Returns the interest payment for an investment for a given period

IRR

Returns the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows

ISPMT

Calculates the interest paid during a specific period of an investment

MDURATION

Returns the Macauley modified duration for a security with an assumed par value of $100

MIRR

Returns the internal rate of return where positive and negative cash flows are financed at different rates

NOMINAL

Returns the annual nominal interest rate

NPER

Returns the number of periods for an investment

NPV

Returns the net present value of an investment based on a series of periodic cash flows and a discount rate

ODDFPRICE

Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd first period

ODDFYIELD

Returns the yield of a security with an odd first period

ODDLPRICE

Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd last period

ODDLYIELD

Returns the yield of a security with an odd last period

PMT

Returns the periodic payment for an annuity

PPMT

Returns the payment on the principal for an investment for a given period

PRICE

Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays periodic interest

PRICEDISC

Returns the price per $100 face value of a discounted security

PRICEMAT

Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays interest at maturity

PV

Returns the present value of an investment

RATE

Returns the interest rate per period of an annuity

RECEIVED

Returns the amount received at maturity for a fully invested security

SLN

Returns the straight-line depreciation of an asset for one period

SYD

Returns the sum-of-years’ digits depreciation of an asset for a specified period

TBILLEQ

Returns the bond-equivalent yield for a Treasury bill

TBILLPRICE

Returns the price per $100 face value for a Treasury bill

TBILLYIELD

Returns the yield for a Treasury bill

VDB

Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified or partial period using a declining balance method

XIRR

Returns the internal rate of return for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic

XNPV

Returns the net present value for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic

YIELD

Returns the yield on a security that pays periodic interest

YIELDDISC

Returns the annual yield for a discounted security; for example, a Treasury bill

YIELDMAT

Returns the annual yield of a security that pays interest at maturity

Date and Time functions

DATE

Returns the serial number of a particular date

DATEVALUE

Converts a date in the form of text to a serial number

DAY

Converts a serial number to a day of the month

DAYS360

Calculates the number of days between two dates based on a 360-day year

EDATE

Returns the serial number of the date that is the indicated number of months before or after the start date

EOMONTH

Returns the serial number of the last day of the month before or after a specified number of months

HOUR

Converts a serial number to an hour

MINUTE

Converts a serial number to a minute

MONTH

Converts a serial number to a month

NETWORKDAYS

Returns the number of whole workdays between two dates

NOW

Returns the serial number of the current date and time

SECOND

Converts a serial number to a second

TIME

Returns the serial number of a particular time

TIMEVALUE

Converts a time in the form of text to a serial number

TODAY

Returns the serial number of today’s date

WEEKDAY

Converts a serial number to a day of the week

WEEKNUM

Converts a serial number to a number representing where the week falls numerically with a year

WORKDAY

Returns the serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays

YEAR

Converts a serial number to a year

YEARFRAC

Returns the year fraction representing the number of whole days between start_date and end_date

Math and Trigonometry functions

ABS

Returns the absolute value of a number

ACOS

Returns the arccosine of a number

ACOSH

Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number

ASIN

Returns the arcsine of a number

ASINH

Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number

ATAN

Returns the arctangent of a number

ATAN2

Returns the arctangent from x- and y-coordinates

ATANH

Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number

CEILING

Rounds a number to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance

COMBIN

Returns the number of combinations for a given number of objects

COS

Returns the cosine of a number

COSH

Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number

DEGREES

Converts radians to degrees

EVEN

Rounds a number up to the nearest even integer

EXP

Returns e raised to the power of a given number

FACT

Returns the factorial of a number

FACTDOUBLE

Returns the double factorial of a number

FLOOR

Rounds a number down, toward zero

GCD

Returns the greatest common divisor

INT

Rounds a number down to the nearest integer

LCM

Returns the least common multiple

LN

Returns the natural logarithm of a number

LOG

Returns the logarithm of a number to a specified base

LOG10

Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number

MDETERM

Returns the matrix determinant of an array

MINVERSE

Returns the matrix inverse of an array

MMULT

Returns the matrix product of two arrays

MOD

Returns the remainder from division

MROUND

Returns a number rounded to the desired multiple

MULTINOMIAL

Returns the multinomial of a set of numbers

ODD

Rounds a number up to the nearest odd integer

PI

Returns the value of pi

POWER

Returns the result of a number raised to a power

PRODUCT

Multiplies its arguments

QUOTIENT

Returns the integer portion of a division

RADIANS

Converts degrees to radians

RAND

Returns a random number between 0 and 1

RANDBETWEEN

Returns a random number between the numbers you specify

ROMAN

Converts an arabic numeral to roman, as text

ROUND

Rounds a number to a specified number of digits

ROUNDDOWN

Rounds a number down, toward zero

ROUNDUP

Rounds a number up, away from zero

SERIESSUM

Returns the sum of a power series based on the formula

SIGN

Returns the sign of a number

SIN

Returns the sine of the given angle

SINH

Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number

SQRT

Returns a positive square root

SQRTPI

Returns the square root of (number * pi)

SUBTOTAL

Returns a subtotal in a list or database

SUM

Adds its arguments

SUMIF

Adds the cells specified by a given criteria

SUMPRODUCT

Returns the sum of the products of corresponding array components

SUMSQ

Returns the sum of the squares of the arguments

SUMX2MY2

Returns the sum of the difference of squares of corresponding values in two arrays

SUMX2PY2

Returns the sum of the sum of squares of corresponding values in two arrays

SUMXMY2

Returns the sum of squares of differences of corresponding values in two arrays

TAN

Returns the tangent of a number

TANH

Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number

TRUNC

Truncates a number to an integer

Statistical functions

AVEDEV

Returns the average of the absolute deviations of data points from their mean

AVERAGE

Returns the average of its arguments

AVERAGEA

Returns the average of its arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values

BETADIST

Returns the beta cumulative distribution function

BETAINV

Returns the inverse of the cumulative distribution function for a specified beta distribution

BINOMDIST

Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability

CHIDIST

Returns the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution

CHIINV

Returns the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution

CHITEST

Returns the test for independence

CONFIDENCE

Returns the confidence interval for a population mean

CORREL

Returns the correlation coefficient between two data sets

COUNT

Counts how many numbers are in the list of arguments

COUNTA

Counts how many values are in the list of arguments

COUNTBLANK

Counts the number of blank cells within a range

COUNTIF

Counts the number of nonblank cells within a range that meet the given criteria

COVAR

Returns covariance, the average of the products of paired deviations

CRITBINOM

Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is less than or equal to a criterion value

DEVSQ

Returns the sum of squares of deviations

EXPONDIST

Returns the exponential distribution

FDIST

Returns the F probability distribution

FINV

Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution

FISHER

Returns the Fisher transformation

FISHERINV

Returns the inverse of the Fisher transformation

FORECAST

Returns a value along a linear trend

FREQUENCY

Returns a frequency distribution as a vertical array

FTEST

Returns the result of an F-test

GAMMADIST

Returns the gamma distribution

GAMMAINV

Returns the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution

GAMMALN

Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function, Γ(x)

GEOMEAN

Returns the geometric mean

GROWTH

Returns values along an exponential trend

HARMEAN

Returns the harmonic mean

HYPGEOMDIST

Returns the hypergeometric distribution

INTERCEPT

Returns the intercept of the linear regression line

KURT

Returns the kurtosis of a data set

LARGE

Returns the k-th largest value in a data set

LINEST

Returns the parameters of a linear trend

LOGEST

Returns the parameters of an exponential trend

LOGINV

Returns the inverse of the lognormal distribution

LOGNORMDIST

Returns the cumulative lognormal distribution

MAX

Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments

MAXA

Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values

MEDIAN

Returns the median of the given numbers

MIN

Returns the minimum value in a list of arguments

MINA

Returns the smallest value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values

MODE

Returns the most common value in a data set

NEGBINOMDIST

Returns the negative binomial distribution

NORMDIST

Returns the normal cumulative distribution

NORMINV

Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution

NORMSDIST

Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution

NORMSINV

Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution

PEARSON

Returns the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient

PERCENTILE

Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range

PERCENTRANK

Returns the percentage rank of a value in a data set

PERMUT

Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects

POISSON

Returns the Poisson distribution

PROB

Returns the probability that values in a range are between two limits

QUARTILE

Returns the quartile of a data set

RANK

Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers

RSQ

Returns the square of the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient

SKEW

Returns the skewness of a distribution

SLOPE

Returns the slope of the linear regression line

SMALL

Returns the k-th smallest value in a data set

STANDARDIZE

Returns a normalized value

STDEV

Estimates standard deviation based on a sample

STDEVA

Estimates standard deviation based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values

STDEVP

Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population

STDEVPA

Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values

STEYX

Returns the standard error of the predicted y-value for each x in the regression

TDIST

Returns the Student’s t-distribution

TINV

Returns the inverse of the Student’s t-distribution

TREND

Returns values along a linear trend

TRIMMEAN

Returns the mean of the interior of a data set

TTEST

Returns the probability associated with a Student’s t-test

VAR

Estimates variance based on a sample

VARA

Estimates variance based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values

VARP

Calculates variance based on the entire population

VARPA

Calculates variance based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values

WEIBULL

Returns the Weibull distribution

ZTEST

Returns the one-tailed probability-value of a z-test

Database and List Management functions

DAVERAGE

Returns the average of selected database entries

DCOUNT

Counts the cells that contain numbers in a database

DCOUNTA

Counts nonblank cells in a database

DGET

Extracts from a database a single record that matches the specified criteria

DMAX

Returns the maximum value from selected database entries

DMIN

Returns the minimum value from selected database entries

DPRODUCT

Multiplies the values in a particular field of records that match the criteria in a database

DSTDEV

Estimates the standard deviation based on a sample of selected database entries

DSTDEVP

Calculates the standard deviation based on the entire population of selected database entries

DSUM

Adds the numbers in the field column of records in the database that match the criteria

DVAR

Estimates variance based on a sample from selected database entries

DVARP

Calculates variance based on the entire population of selected database entries

GETPIVOTDATA

Returns data stored in a PivotTable

Text and Data functions

ASC

Changes full-width (double-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to half-width (single-byte) characters

BAHTTEXT

Converts a number to text, using the ß (baht) currency format

CHAR

Returns the character specified by the code number

CLEAN

Removes all nonprintable characters from text

CODE

Returns a numeric code for the first character in a text string

CONCATENATE

Joins several text items into one text item

DOLLAR

Converts a number to text, using the $ (dollar) currency format

EXACT

Checks to see if two text values are identical

FIND

Finds one text value within another (case-sensitive)

FIXED

Formats a number as text with a fixed number of decimals

JIS

Changes half-width (single-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to full-width (double-byte) characters

LEFT

Returns the leftmost characters from a text value

LEN

Returns the number of characters in a text string

LOWER

Converts text to lowercase

MID

Returns a specific number of characters from a text string starting at the position you specify

PHONETIC

Extracts the phonetic (furigana) characters from a text string

PROPER

Capitalizes the first letter in each word of a text value

REPLACE

Replaces characters within text

REPT

Repeats text a given number of times

RIGHT

Returns the rightmost characters from a text value

SEARCH

Finds one text value within another (not case-sensitive)

SUBSTITUTE

Substitutes new text for old text in a text string

T

Converts its arguments to text

TEXT

Formats a number and converts it to text

TRIM

Removes spaces from text

UPPER

Converts text to uppercase

VALUE

Converts a text argument to a number

Logical functions

AND

Returns TRUE if all its arguments are TRUE

FALSE

Returns the logical value FALSE

IF

Specifies a logical test to perform

NOT

Reverses the logic of its argument

OR

Returns TRUE if any argument is TRUE

TRUE

Returns the logical value TRUE

Information functions

CELL

Returns information about the formatting, location, or contents of a cell

ERROR.TYPE

Returns a number corresponding to an error type

INFO

Returns information about the current operating environment

ISBLANK

Returns TRUE if the value is blank

ISERR

Returns TRUE if the value is any error value except #N/A

ISERROR

Returns TRUE if the value is any error value

ISEVEN

Returns TRUE if the number is even

ISLOGICAL

Returns TRUE if the value is a logical value

ISNA

Returns TRUE if the value is the #N/A error value

ISNONTEXT

Returns TRUE if the value is not text

ISNUMBER

Returns TRUE if the value is a number

ISODD

Returns TRUE if the number is odd

ISREF

Returns TRUE if the value is a reference

ISTEXT

Returns TRUE if the value is text

N

Returns a value converted to a number

NA

Returns the error value #N/A

TYPE

Returns a number indicating the data type of a value

Engineering functions

BESSELI

Returns the modified Bessel function In(x)

BESSELJ

Returns the Bessel function Jn(x)

BESSELK

Returns the modified Bessel function Kn(x)

BESSELY

Returns the Bessel function Yn(x)

BIN2DEC

Converts a binary number to decimal

BIN2HEX

Converts a binary number to hexadecimal

BIN2OCT

Converts a binary number to octal

COMPLEX

Converts real and imaginary coefficients into a complex number

CONVERT

Converts a number from one measurement system to another

DEC2BIN

Converts a decimal number to binary

DEC2HEX

Converts a decimal number to hexadecimal

DEC2OCT

Converts a decimal number to octal

DELTA

Tests whether two values are equal

ERF

Returns the error function

ERFC

Returns the complementary error function

GESTEP

Tests whether a number is greater than a threshold value

HEX2BIN

Converts a hexadecimal number to binary

HEX2DEC

Converts a hexadecimal number to decimal

HEX2OCT

Converts a hexadecimal number to octal

IMABS

Returns the absolute value (modulus) of a complex number

IMAGINARY

Returns the imaginary coefficient of a complex number

IMARGUMENT

Returns the argument theta, an angle expressed in radians

IMCONJUGATE

Returns the complex conjugate of a complex number

IMCOS

Returns the cosine of a complex number

IMDIV

Returns the quotient of two complex numbers

IMEXP

Returns the exponential of a complex number

IMLN

Returns the natural logarithm of a complex number

IMLOG10

Returns the base-10 logarithm of a complex number

IMLOG2

Returns the base-2 logarithm of a complex number

IMPOWER

Returns a complex number raised to an integer power

IMPRODUCT

Returns the product of from 2 to 29 complex numbers

IMREAL

Returns the real coefficient of a complex number

IMSIN

Returns the sine of a complex number

IMSQRT

Returns the square root of a complex number

IMSUB

Returns the difference between two complex numbers

IMSUM

Returns the sum of complex numbers

OCT2BIN

Converts an octal number to binary

OCT2DEC

Converts an octal number to decimal

OCT2HEX

Converts an octal number to hexadecimal

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