Active worlds and word combinations

third

a
working day

a
comrade

near

far
from

a
long way from

to
walk

a
walk

to
go for a walk

to
go for walks

only

Monday

every
Monday

on
Monday

(on)
Monday morning

(on)
Monday afternoon

(on)
Monday evening

next
Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

Saturday

Sunday

a
week-end

at
the week-end

for
the week-end

over
the week-end

to
last

an
hour

to
receive

to
get

to
answer

an
article

afternoon

in
the afternoon

to
discuss

a
question

to
finish

work

at

at
six (o’clock) in the evening

hard

to
stay

to
return

to
give back

to
come (get) back

to
go back

how
long

What
time …?

to
stop

Переведите
на английский язык, используя активную
лексику урока.

А.
1. Вы будете дома в воскресенье? 2. Куда
вы пойдете в субботу вечером? 3. Он
занимается (у него уроки) только по
вторникам и четвергам. 4. Он приходит
сюда только по воскресеньям. 5. Вы пойдете
на завод утром?— Да.—Кто остается дома
с вашим сыном?—Моя сестра. 6. В котором
часу вы обычно приходите домой?—Я
обычно прихожу домой в семь часов
вечера. 7. Не обсуждайте этот вопрос
сейчас. Мы его обсудим в четверг утром.
8. Я знаю только английский язык, но я
собираюсь из­учать немецкий.

Б.
Сколько времени продолжается ваш
рабочий день?— Восемь часов. Что
выделаете в учреждении?—Я отвечаю на
письма и телеграммы, читаю журналы,
перевожу статьи из этих журналов и
обсуждаю множество вопросов с на­шими
инженерами. Когда вы обычно заканчиваете
рабо­ту?—Я обычно заканчиваю работу
в шесть. Вы живете далеко от вашего
учреждения?—Нет, я живу рядом с ним и
обычно хожу туда пешком. Вы знаете
немецкий язык хорошо?—Я только изучаю
немецкий. Когда у вас бы­вают уроки?—Мы
занимаемся (у нас бывают уроки) в
понедельник, среду и пятницу вечером.
Сколько времени продолжается ваш
урок?—Два часа. Что вы делаете до­ма?—Когда
я прихожу домой, я обычно читаю журналы
и делаю уроки, иногда я пишу письма
своим друзьям. Я получаю от них много
писем и всегда отвечаю на них. Кто
переводит статьи из иностранных журналов
в вашем учреждении?—Товарищ Орлов. Он
знает английский и французский. Как он
знает эти языки?—Он знает их хорошо.
Кто переводит письма с немецкого?—Я.

Переведите
на английский язык. (Обзорный перевод,
уроки 1, 2, 3.)

Моя сестра
преподавательница. Она преподает
англий­ский язык. Мой приятель и я
тоже изучаем английский язык, но многие
студенты упорно работают над двумя
иностранными языками. Мы всегда вовремя
приходим на занятия и хорошо выполняем
(делаем) домашние задания. Мы часто
читаем английские газеты и журналы
дома. Мне нравится читать английские
книги, и я много читаю. Мы занимаемся
(у нас бывают уроки) по понедельникам,
средам, четвергам и пятницам. Мы делаем
много упражнений в классе и иногда
пишем диктанты. Мы читаем тексты,
переводим их, отвечаем на вопросы и
переводим русские предложения на
английский. Часто после уроков мы идем
домой вместе. Мы разговариваем
по-английски и обсуж­даем свою работу.

LESSON
FOUR

MY
FRIEND IS A CHILDREN’S DOCTOR NOW

My
friend’s name is Peter. He and I are doctors now, but
eleven years ago
we were students at a Medical
college in Moscow.

We
lived a long way from the college, but we liked to walk there in
fine weather.

Our
classes usually lasted
till four o’clock
in the afternoon, and
then we worked
hard at home. We sometimes stayed after classes to
play volley-ball,
but on weekdays
we were usually at home by 9 o’clock. We received a lot of medical
journals and often discussed
interesting
articles in them.

In
his third year Peter decided to be a children’s doctor, and now he
works at a children’s
hospital in Kiev.
He loves
his work and often writes to me about it.

«Whose
name’s Peter?» «My friend’s.»

«What
does he do?» «He’s a doctor.»

«Was
he a doctor eleven years ago? » «No, he was a student
then.»

«When
did he decide to be a children’s doctor?» «It his third
year at the Medical college.»

«Does
he like his work?» «Yes, he loves it. «

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Recommended textbook solutions

Пайвина Ольга Петровна, преподаватель английского
языка, Шадринский политехнический колледж, машиностроительное отделение

Блок дидактических материалов по теме «Спорт и здоровый образ жизни»

Reading Practice

Sport and a Healthy Mode of Life.

A Visit to
a Doctor.

Grammar Presentation

Времена группы Indefinite.

Additional Texts

Olympic
Games.

Sports in Great Britain.

Sports
in Russia.

Reading Practice

Sport and a Healthy Mode of Life

            Sport is very important in our life. It is popular
among young and old people.

Many people do morning exercises, jog
in the morning, train themselves in clubs, in different sections and
take part in sport competitions.

Other people like sports too, but they
only watch sports games, listen to sports news. They prefer reading interesting
stories about sportsmen. But they don’t go in for sports.

Physical training is one of the
important subject at our college. Students have got physical training lessons
twice a week. Boys and girls play volley-ball and basket-ball at the lessons.
There is no sports ground near our college. In autumn and in spring the
students go in for sports in the open air.

A lot of different competitions are held
at college, a great number of students take part in them. All participants
try to get good results and become winners. Sport helps people to keep in good
health. If you go in for sports, you have good health and don’t catch cold.

Children and grown-ups must take care
of their health and do morning exercises regularly.

There are some popular kinds of sports
in our country: football, volley-ball, hockey, gymnastics, skiing, skating.
Athletics is one of the most popular kinds of sports. It includes such
kinds of sports as running, jumping and others. Everybody may choose the sport
he (or she) is interested in.

There are summer and winter sports.

My favourite sport is swimming. I go to
the swimming-pool twice a week. But I prefer to rest by the lake or the
river and swim there.

My friend Kostya goes in for boxing. He
is a good boxer and he is a brave and courageous boy. His hobby helps
him in his everyday life.

Active Words
and Word Combinations

jog — бегать
трусцой

section –
секция

competition – соревнование

go in for sports — заниматься спортом

in the open air — на свежем воздухе

participant – участник

catch cold – простужаться

take care – заботиться

include — включать

swimming-pool – бассейн

courageous – смелый

Exercises

1.                
Translate
the following words and word combinations into English using the text “Sport and a Healthy Mode of Life”.

Среди молодых и пожилых; популярные
виды спорта; дважды в неделю; предпочитаю отдыхать; повседневная жизнь; такие
виды спорта как; взрослые; у озера; сохранить свое здоровье; заниматься
спортом; бегать по утрам; принимать участие в спортивных соревнованиях; она
включает; храбрый и смелый.

2.                
Answer the following questions.

1.  Do you do your morning exercises
every day?

2.  Is it important for children and
grown-ups to take care of their health?

3.  Are a lot of different competitions
held at college?

4.  Do you go in for sports?

5. Are there any popular kinds of sports
in our country? What are they?

6.  What is your favourite sport?

7.  Where do you prefer to rest?

8.  Do your friends go in for sports?

9.  Do you like winter or summer sports?

10. Your   hobbies   are   connected  
with sports, aren’t they?

3. Make up 5
questions of your own on the text.

4. Combine
words into sentences and translate them into Russian.

1. Physical; is; training; one;
important; of; the; at; subject; our; college.

2. Sport; very; is; important; our; in;
life.

3. My; favourite; is; sport; boxing.

4. His; helps; hobby; him; everyday; his;
in; life.

5. A; of; lot; different; are; competitions;
at; held; college.

6. Many; take; in; sport; part; competitions;
people.

5. Make the sentences interrogative.

1. I go to the swimming-pool twice a
week.

2. Many people jog in the morning.

3. Sport helps people to keep in good
health.

4. Grown-ups must take care of their
health.

5. Athletics includes such kinds of
sports as running and jumping.

6. In
autumn and in spring the students go in for sports in the open air.

7. My friend Kostya goes in for boxing.

6. Read the text once more and get
ready to tell your partner about the main facts of healthy mode of life.

A Visit to a Doctor

     On Monday Vlad felt unwell. He had a
sore throat, a running nose and a bad cough. He went to
college, but after the first period his teacher told him to go and see the
doctor, because he had the symptoms of the flu, and it was a very catching
disease. So Vlad left the college and went to a polyclinic. There were
several people in the queue in front of the cabinet, but in less
than half an hour Vlad’s turn came and he entered.

Vlad: Good morning. May I come in?

Doctor: Yes, please. What is the matter with you?

Vlad: I think I have got a slight cold,
doctor. I have a sore throat and a running nose.

Doctor: Do you cough?

Vlad: Yes, I do occasionally.

Doctor: Have you taken your temperature?

Vlad: As a matter of fact, I haven’t, doctor.

Doctor: Then take a seat. Here is a thermometer.
Well, young man, your temperature is rather high — it is 38.4°. Let me examine
your throat. Now strip to the waist, please. I must sound your chest.
All right, you may dress yourself.

Vlad: Well, doctor, is there anything serious
the matter with me?

Doctor: Don’t worry; there is nothing really
serious. You have got flu. It is spring now, and many people suffer from flu.
But you shouldn’t treat your disease lightly. It often leads to complica­tions,
if a patient doesn’t follow the doctor’s advice.

Vlad: What am I to do, doctor?

Doctor: Here is the recipe, take these pills three
times a day. Gargle your throat with this mixture every two hours. Don’t
go to the chemist’s yourself. Ask your relatives to go and fetch the med­icine
for you. Drink hot tea or milk. And stay in bed for at least three days.
Do you need a sick leave?

Vlad: Yes, I do.

Doctor: Then I’ll give you a leave for three days,
and then you will come to see me again.

Vlad: Thank you very much, doctor. Goodbye. Having left the
polyclinic, Vlad went straight home. He asked Alexei to go to the chemist’s for
the medicine and went to bed. He followed the doctor’s advice and did
everything he had prescribed. His friends called him and asked how he felt.
They wanted to come and see him, but Vlad’s mother didn’t allow them to. So
they sent him some books to read. By the end of the third day Vlad
stopped sneezing and coughing and his temperature was normal again. He was glad
that he recovered.

Active
Words and Word Combinations

be ill — болеть

be unwell — плохо
себя чувствовать

catch
cold —  простудиться

chemist’s
(shop) — аптека

complain
(of something) — жаловаться (на
что—л.)

complication
— осложнение

cough — кашель

cure —  лечить

dentist
— зубной врач

disease
(a catching disease) — болезнь (заразная болезнь)

examine — осматривать, обследовать

fall ill
with — заболеть чем-л.

feel sick — чувствовать
себя больным

fever — жар, лихорадочное состояние

flu — грипп

headache —  головная боль

health — здоровье

healthy — здоровый

medicine — лекарство

nurse — медицина, медсестра

patient —  пациент

prescribe — выписывать (лекарство)

recipe — рецепт

recover — выздоравливать

run a temperature — иметь высокую температуру

running nose —  насморк

see/consult a doctor — приходить на прием к врачу, больничный
лист;

sick leave — отпуск
по болезни

sneeze — чихать

sore throat — больное
горло

symptom – симптом

Exercises

1. Find the sentences with the words
given in bold type and translate them into Russian.

2. Translate the following words and word combinations into
Russian using the text “A Visit to a Doctor”.

A running nose; the symptoms of the flu;
in the queue; catching disease; Vlad’s turn came; a slight cold; occasionally; a
sore throat; a slight cold; three times a day; as a matter of fact; gargle your
throat with this mixture; by the end of the third day; he recovered; to go to
the chemist’s for the medicine; fetch the med­icine; his temperature was normal;
a leave for three days; strip to the waist.

2. Answer the following questions on the text:

1. What is the title of the text?

2. What is this text about?

3. When did Vlad feel unwell?

4. What were the symptoms of his
disease?

5. He went to college that day, didn’t
he?

6. Who sent him to see a doctor?

7. Did the doctor take his temperature?

8. Did Vlad have fever?

9. What was the matter with Vlad?

10. What did the doctor prescribe?

11. Did the doctor give Vlad a sick
leave?

12. Vlad followed the doctor’s
recommendations, didn’t he?

13. How long did it take Vlad to
recover?

3. Make up 7
questions of your own on the text.

4. Combine words into sentences and
translate them into Russian.

1. The, he, symptoms, had, of, flu, the.

2. A,
it, very, catching, was, disease.

3. What, the, with, matter, you, is?

4. I, have, slight, a, cold, got.

5. Vlad, running,
a, has, nose.

6. Take, a,
pills, times, three, day, these.

5. Put the sentences in the right
order to make a dialogue.

Doctor:

— Yes, I will prescribe you this medicine, but don’t
take it for more than a week. Remember that a lot of fresh air and a long rest
will help you more than any pills in the world.

      — What is the matter with you?

      — Do you sleep well?

      — Do you keep late hours?

 —
Let me sound you. Do you smoke?

 —
You must take a vacation. You should go to some quiet place and stay there for
at least half a month. Try to stop smoking. Walk at least an hour a day.

       — This is the only way to recover.

  
— Have you been working a lot?

Patient:

   
— I have had some urgent work to do and I was very nervous about it.

          — Doctor? Will you prescribe me any sleeping
pills?

          — No, I don’t. I have been sleeping very
badly lately.

    
— Occasionally. About a pack a week.

          — I don’t go to bed till midnight, sometimes
later.

    
— Thank you, doc. I’ll try to follow your advice.

          — Well, I don’t know, but I have a terrible
headache.

6. Answer the doctor’s questions.

1. What’s
the trouble?

2. Do you
ever have headaches?

3. Do you
smoke?

4. Did you
take these pills before?

5. Do you
need a sick leave?

6. When did
you catch cold?

7. When did
you take the temperature?

8. Do you
often sneeze?

9. When did
you see the doctor last?

7. Read
and memorize the following
dialogues.

1. — How
are you today?

    —  Not
very well, I am afraid.

    —  What
is the matter?

    —  I
think I have caught a cold.

    — 
You’d better go home then.

2. —  What
is the matter with you? You look ill.

   —  I’ve
got a terrible toothache.

   —  Then
you should go to see the dentist immediately.

   —  I am
afraid I’ll have to.

8. Make
up dialogues on the following situations:

1. You go
to see the doctor and complain of high temperature and headaches. The doctor
examines you and prescribe some medicine.

2. You are
in bed because you have caught a cold. A friend from college comes to see you.

3. You wake
up in the morning and feel that you have a running nose and a sore throat. You
complain of this to your mother. She advises to stay in bed and decides to call
a doctor.

9. Think
of the beginning of the sentences.

1. … she
was given a sick leave.

2. … he
must go to see the doctor.

3. … he
recovered quickly.

4. … this
helped him to avoid the complications after the flu.

5. … if you
want to be healthy.

6. … Vlad
asked the nurse to take his temperature.

Grammar Presentation

Времена группы Indefinite / Простое неопределенное время

Present Indefinite	Past Indefinite	Future Indefinite
He often goes …	He often went …	He will often go …
Does he often go to the cinema?	Did he often go to the last summer?	Will he often go to the cinema next summer?
Yes, he does. He often goes to the cinema.	Yes, he did. He often went to the cinema last summer.	Yes, he will. He will often go to the cinema next summer.
No, he doesn’t. He doesn’t often go to the cinema.	No, he didn’t. He didn’t often go to the cinema last summer.	No, he won’t. He won’t often go to the cinema next summer.

!  В
прошедшей, настоящей и будущей формах времен группы Indefinite    в вопросительных и отрицательных предложениях меняются только вспомогательные
глаголы do(does), did, will(shall).

              Did

       ? Does he often go to …?

              Will

                      went

       + He  often goes
to …

                                will go

                   didn’t

            — He doesn’t often go to …

              won’t

Grammar Exercises

1.                
Transform the
given sentences into the Past and Future Simple tenses. Use the necessary
adverbs.

               Present Simple: I go to school.   

               Past Simple:       I went to school last year.

               Future Simple:   I shall go to school next year.

1. Vlad goes to college.

2. She swims very well.

2. They speak English during the lessons.

4. He asks me a difficult question.

5. We jog in the morning.

6. Lena looks through the notes before the
seminars.

7. Father gives him a lift to college
every day.

2. Transform the sentences into the Past
Indefinite Tense.

Model: Our teacher is at the conference in
Moscow (last month).

            Our teacher was at the
conference in Moscow last month.

1. The students are in the reading hall
(before the lessons).

2. I am glad to meet my friend (yesterday).

3. He is eighteen (in 1990).

4. My friend wants to enter the University
(last year).

5. I am going to the Crimea (when I met my
old friend).

6. Such problems are discussed at our
meeting (yesterday).

7. The train is to arrive at 10 (but it
was late).

3. Transform the sentences into the Future
Indefinite Tense.

Model: My parents are in Brest now. (in
summer)

            My parents will be in Brest
in summer.

1. My friend is a doctor (in 5 years).

2. They are in Moscow (during winter
vacation).

3. On Monday our first lesson is English
(next Monday).

4. She is working at the library now (at 5
o’clock).

5. The book is translated into English
(soon).

6. The lesson is over (in 5 minutes).

4. Make the sentences interrogative.

Model: The students are at the English
lesson now.

             Are the students at the
English lesson now?

1. My father is an engineer.

2. Pete is a student.

3. This book is the most interesting of
all.

4. He goes to school every day.

5. Our students were in London last year.

6.  We made friends a few years ago.

7. We shall be in Moscow in summer.

5.  Give three forms of the following
verbs and translate them into Russian.

To ask, to brush, to cook, to discuss, to
be, to give, to have, to jog, to knock, to read, to see, to come, to want, to
tell.

6. (a) Memorize the words and word
combinations given below; (b) translate them into Russian; (c) make up examples
with these words.

Present Simple every day every month in the morning in the evening usually as a rule sometimes

Past Simple yesterday a year ago in 1994 last year last month yesterday morning last summer on March, 14

Future Simple                   tomorrow next month next year in 2011 soon

7. Define the tense of the predicates in
the sentences of the text “My Working Day”. Explain the use of the tenses.

8. Transform the given sentences into the
Past and Future Simple tenses. Use the necessary adverbs.

             Model:  Present Simple: I go to school.

                            Past Simple:      I went to school last year.

                            Future Simple:   I shall go to school next year.

1. Vlad goes to college.

2. She swims very well.

3. They speak English during the lessons.

4. He asks me a difficult question.

5. We jog in the morning.

6. Lena looks through the notes before the
seminars.

7. Father gives him a lift to college
every day.

Additional Texts

Olympic Games

      The Olympic Games have a
very long history. They began in 777 ВС in Greece and took place every four years for
nearly twelve centuries at Olimpia. They included many different kinds of
sports: running, boxing, wrestling, etc. All the cities in Greece
sent their best athletes to Olimpia to compete in the Games. For the
period of the Games all the wars stopped. So the Olympic Games became the
symbol of peace and friendship.

In 394 AD the Games were
abolished and were not renewed until many centuries later. In 1894,
a Frenchman, Baron Pierre de Coubertin, addressed all the sports governing
bodies and pointed out the significance of sports and its educational
value.

Two years later the first
modern Olympic Games took place. Of course, the competi­tions were held in Greece
to symbolize the continuation of the centuries-old tradition.

In 1896 the International
Olympic Committee was set up. It is the central policy­making body of the
Olympic movement. It is formed by the representatives of all coun­tries which
take part in the Olympic Games. The International Olympic Committee decides
upon the programme of the games, the number of the participants and the
city-host for the Games. Over one hundred and fifty countries are represented
in the International Olympic Committee now. Besides, each country has its National
Olympic Committee.

Summer and Winter Games are
held separately. There are always several cities wishing to host the
Games. The most suitable is selected by the International Committee. After that
the city of the Games starts preparations for the competitions, constructs new
sports facilities, stadiums, hotels, press centres. Thousands of athletes,
journalists and guests come to the Games, and it takes great efforts to
arrange everything. There is always an in­teresting cultural programme of
concerts, exhibitions, festivals, etc., for each
Games.

Russia joined the Olympic movement
in 1952. Since then it has won a lot of gold, sil­ver, and bronze medals. In
1980 Moscow hosted the Twenty-Second Olympic Games.

The latest Olympic Games were
held in Barcelona. Russian sportsmen got medals for their records in
many sports events.

ВС —  до нашей эры

Christ — Христос

wrestling — борьба

athlete  — атлет

to compete  — соревноваться

AD —  нашей эры (сокр.от лат.)

to abolish  — отменять,
упразднять

to renew —
возобновлять

governing  —
административный, руко­водящий

body  —
орган, комитет

to point out — указывать
(на)

significance  —
значимость, важность

value  — ценность, важность, значение

to be held — проводиться

to symbolize  — символизировать

to set up — организовать,
создать

policy—making  body — орган, определяю­щий политику, цели (олимпийского движе­ния)

representative –
представитель

participant —
участник

city—host —
город-хозяин Олимпийских игр

national —
национальный, государ­ственный

separately —
отдельно

to host —
принимать гостей, быть хозяи­ном

suitable —
подходящий

to select —
отбирать, выбирать

sports facilities —
спортивные сооруже­ния

stadium —
стадион

it takes great efforts — нужны большие усилия

to arrange — устраивать, организовы­вать

gold, silver
 and bronze  medals — золотые, серебряные и бронзовые медали record — рекорд

sports event — спортивное соревнование

Exercises

1.                
Find the sentences with the
words given in bold type and translate them into Russian.

2. Translate the following words and word combinations into
Russian.

Took place every
four years; to compete in the Games; for the period of
the Games
all the wars stopped; the symbol of peace and friendship; were abolished; the
significance of sports; its educational value; the centuries-old tradition;
Summer and Winter Games are held separately; it takes great efforts to arrange
everything; got medals for their records

3. Answer the
following questions on the text:

   1. When and where did the Olympic Games begin?

   2. Why did the Olympic Games become the symbol of peace
and friendship?

   3. When did the Games in Greece stop?

   4. Who renewed the Olympic movement?

   5. When and where did the first modern Games take place?

   6. When was the International Olympic Committee set up?
What is its function?

   7. Are Summer and Winter Games held separately?

   8. How does the city-host prepare for the Olympic Games?

  9. When did Russia join the Olympic movement?
       10. Where were the latest Olympic Games held?

Sports in Great Britain

   
The British are known to be great sports-lovers, so when they are
neither playing, nor watching games, they like to talk about them. Many of the
games we play now have come from Britain.

    
One of the most British games is cricket. It is often played in schools, colleges,
universities and by club teams all over the country. Summer isn’t summer without
cricket. To many Englishmen cricket is both a game and a standard of behavior.
When they consider anything unfair, they sometimes say «That isn’t
cricket».

   
But as almost everywhere else in the world, the game which attracts the
greatest attention is Association football, or soccer. Every Saturday from
late August till the beginning of May, large crowds of people support their
favourite sides in football grounds. True fans will travel from one end
of the country to the other to see their team play. There are plenty of professional
and amateur soccer clubs all over Britain. International football matches
and the Cup Finals take place at Wembley.

   
Rugby football is also very popular, but it is played mainly by amateurs.

Next
to football, the chief spectator sport in British life is horse-racing.
A lot of people are interested in the races and risk money on the horse
which they think will win. The Derby is perhaps the most famous single
sporting event in the whole world.

    
Britain is also famous for motor-car racing, dog-racing, boat-racing, and even
races for donkeys. The famous boat-race between the teams of Oxford and Cambridge
attracts large crowds of people.

   
A great number of people play and watch tennis. Tennis tournaments at Wimbledon are known all over the world. The innumerable tennis courts of Britain
are occupied by people between the ages of 16 and 60 who show every degree of
skill — from practically helpless to the extremely able.

  
The British also like to play golf, baseball, hockey, grass-hockey. Various
forms of athletics, such as running, jumping, swimming, boxing are also
popular. You can sometimes hear that there are no winter sports in England.
Of course the English weather is not always cold enough to ski, skate, or
toboggan, but winter is a good season for hunting and fishing.

 Indeed
sport in one form or another is an essential part of daily life in Britain.

Names