Abbreviation for word program

How do you abbreviate program? There are two common ways to abbreviate program.

They are,

  • pgrm.
  • prog.

For example,

  • weekly pgrm.
  • prog. computer

The plural abbreviation of program is pgrms. or progs.

When to Use This Abbreviation

This abbreviation is often found in schedules, calendar events, and fliers. You might abbreviate the word program to pgrm. on an itinerary, playbill fliers, or, as a verb, in the technology world. It is also common to see such abbreviations in headlines or newspaper columns where space is a concern.

Outside of headlines and newspaper columns, the word is not abbreviated in general prose.

What Does Program Mean?

definition of pgrmDefinition of Program: The word program can function as a noun or a verb.

As a noun, program is defined as a planned series of future events, items, or performances.

As a verb, program is defined as to provide (computer or other machine) with coded instructions for the automatic performance of a particular task; also arrange according to plan or schedule.

For example,

  • This week’s program of films includes “La Dolce Vita” by Federico Fellini.
  • We consciously learn to program our lives.

The word program functions as a noun in the first sentence and as a verb in the second.

Outside Examples of Program

  • abbreviation of program abbreviationUniworld’s river cruise options in 2017 will include a new Jewish Heritage program of excursions that will steep travelers in the historic roots of Judaism in Germany from the pre-World War II period until today. –USA Today
  • Hudson County extends immigration program, advocates “disturbed”. –The Star Ledger

Summary

There are two common abbreviations of program: prgm. and prog. If you want to make either of these plural, simply add on an “s.”

Contents

  • 1 When to Use This Abbreviation
  • 2 What Does Program Mean?
  • 3 Outside Examples of Program
  • 4 Summary

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There is no single official abbreviation for the word «program.»
The word can be abbreviated as PGM, PRGM, or even PRG depending on
the capacity in which it is used.

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of computing and IT acronyms, initialisms and abbreviations.

0–9[edit]

  • 1GL—First-Generation Programming Language
  • 1NF—First Normal Form
  • 10B2—10BASE-2
  • 10B5—10BASE-5
  • 10B-F—10BASE-F
  • 10B-FB—10BASE-FB
  • 10B-FL—10BASE-FL
  • 10B-FP—10BASE-FP
  • 10B-T—10BASE-T
  • 100B-FX—100BASE-FX
  • 100B-TX—100BASE-TX
  • 100BVG—100BASE-VG
  • 286—Intel 80286 processor
  • 2B1Q—2 Binary 1 Quaternary
  • 2FA—Two-factor authentication
  • 2GL—Second-Generation Programming Language
  • 2NF—Second Normal Form
  • 3GL—Third-Generation Programming Language
  • 3GPP—3rd Generation Partnership Project – 3G comms
  • 3GPP2—3rd Generation Partnership Project 2
  • 3NF—Third Normal Form
  • 386—Intel 80386 processor
  • 486—Intel 80486 processor
  • 4B5BLF—4-bit 5-bit Local Fiber
  • 4GL—Fourth-Generation Programming Language
  • 4NF—Fourth Normal Form
  • 5GL—Fifth-Generation Programming Language
  • 5NF—Fifth Normal Form
  • 6NF—Sixth Normal Form
  • 8B10BLF—8-bit 10-bit Local Fiber
  • 802.11—Wireless LAN

A[edit]

  • AAA—Authentication Authorization, Accounting
  • AABB—Axis Aligned Bounding Box
  • AAC—Advanced Audio Coding
  • AAL—ATM Adaptation Layer
  • AALC—ATM Adaptation Layer Connection
  • AARP—AppleTalk Address Resolution Protocol
  • ABAC—Attribute-Based Access Control
  • ABCL—Actor-Based Concurrent Language
  • ABI—Application Binary Interface
  • ABM—Asynchronous Balanced Mode
  • ABR—Area Border Router
  • ABR—Auto Baud-Rate detection
  • ABR—Available Bitrate
  • ABR—Average Bitrate
  • AC—Acoustic Coupler
  • AC—Alternating Current
  • ACD—Automatic Call Distributor
  • ACE—Advanced Computing Environment
  • ACID—Atomicity Consistency Isolation Durability
  • ACK—ACKnowledgement
  • ACK—Amsterdam Compiler Kit
  • ACL—Access Control List
  • ACL—Active Current Loop
  • ACM—Association for Computing Machinery
  • ACME—Automated Classification of Medical Entities
  • ACP—Airline Control Program
  • ACPI—Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
  • ACR—Allowed Cell Rate
  • ACR—Attenuation to Crosstalk Ratio
  • AD—Active Directory
  • AD—Administrative Domain
  • ADC—Analog-to-Digital Converter
  • ADC—Apple Display Connector
  • ADB—Apple Desktop Bus
  • ADCCP—Advanced Data Communications Control Procedures
  • ADO—ActiveX Data Objects
  • ADSL—Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
  • ADT—Abstract Data Type
  • AE—Adaptive Equalizer
  • AES—Advanced Encryption Standard
  • AF—Anisotropic Filtering
  • AFP—Apple Filing Protocol
  • AGP—Accelerated Graphics Port
  • AH—Active Hub
  • AI—Artificial Intelligence
  • AIX—Advanced Interactive eXecutive
  • Ajax—Asynchronous JavaScript and XML
  • AL—Active Link
  • AL—Access List
  • ALAC—Apple Lossless Audio Codec
  • ALGOL—Algorithmic Language
  • ALSA—Advanced Linux Sound Architecture
  • ALU—Arithmetic and Logical Unit
  • AM—Access Method
  • AM—Active Matrix
  • AMOLED—Active-Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • AM—Active Monitor
  • AM—Allied Mastercomputer
  • AM—Amplitude Modulation
  • AMD—Advanced Micro Devices
  • AMQP—Advanced Message Queuing Protocol
  • AMR—Audio Modem Riser
  • ANN—Artificial Neural Network
  • ANSI—American National Standards Institute
  • ANT—Another Neat Tool
  • AoE—ATA over Ethernet
  • AOP—Aspect-Oriented Programming
  • APCI—Application-Layer Protocol Control Information
  • API—Application Programming Interface
  • APIC—Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller
  • APIPA—Automatic Private IP Addressing
  • APL—A Programming Language
  • APR—Apache Portable Runtime
  • ARC—Adaptive Replacement Cache
  • ARC—Advanced RISC Computing
  • ARIN—American Registry for Internet Numbers
  • ARM—Advanced RISC Machines
  • AROS—AROS Research Operating System
  • ARP—Address Resolution Protocol
  • ARPA—Address and Routing Parameter Area
  • ARPA—Advanced Research Projects Agency
  • ARPANET—Advanced Research Projects Agency Network
  • AS—Access Server
  • ASCII—American Standard Code for Information Interchange
  • AuthIP—Authenticated Internet Protocol
  • ASG—Abstract Semantic Graph
  • ASIC—Application-Specific Integrated Circuit
  • ASIMO—Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility
  • ASLR—Address Space Layout Randomization
  • ASM—Algorithmic State Machine
  • ASMP—Asymmetric Multiprocessing
  • ASN.1—Abstract Syntax Notation 1
  • ASP—Active Server Pages
  • ASP—Application Service Provider
  • ASR—Asynchronous Signal Routine
  • AST—Abstract Syntax Tree
  • AT—Advanced Technology
  • AT—Access Time
  • AT—Active Terminator
  • ATA—Advanced Technology Attachment
  • ATAG—Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines
  • ATAPI—Advanced Technology Attachment Packet Interface
  • ATM—Asynchronous Transfer Mode
  • AuthN—Authentication
  • AuthZ—Authorization
  • AV—Antivirus
  • AVC—Advanced Video Coding
  • AVI—Audio Video Interleaved
  • AWK—Aho Weinberger Kernighan
  • AWS—Amazon Web Services
  • AWT—Abstract Window Toolkit

B[edit]

  • B2B—Business-to-Business
  • B2C—Business-to-Consumer
  • B2E—Business-to-Employee
  • BAL—Basic Assembly Language
  • BAM—Block Availability Map
  • Bash—Bourne-again shell
  • BASIC—Beginner’s All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
  • BBP—Baseband Processor
  • BBS—Bulletin Board System
  • BC—Business Continuity
  • BCC—Blind Carbon Copy
  • BCD—Binary Coded Decimal
  • BCD—Boot Configuration Data
  • BCNF—Boyce–Codd normal form
  • BCP—Business Continuity Planning
  • BE—Backend
  • BEEP—Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol
  • BER—Bit Error Rate
  • BFD—Bidirectional Forwarding Detection
  • BFD—Binary File Descriptor
  • BFS—Breadth-First Search
  • BFT—Byzantine Fault Tolerant
  • BGP—Border Gateway Protocol
  • BI—Business Intelligence
  • BiDi—Bi-Directional
  • bin—binary
  • BINAC—Binary Automatic Computer
  • BIND—Berkeley Internet Name Domain
  • BIOS—Basic Input Output System
  • BJT—Bipolar Junction Transistor
  • bit—binary digit
  • Blob—Binary large object
  • Blog—Web Log
  • BMP—Basic Multilingual Plane
  • BNC—Baby Neill Constant
  • BOINC—Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing
  • BOM—Byte Order Mark
  • BOOTP—Bootstrap Protocol
  • BPDU—Bridge Protocol Data Unit
  • BPEL—Business Process Execution Language
  • BPL—Broadband over Power Lines
  • BPM—Business Process Management
  • BPM—Business Process Modeling
  • bps—bits per second
  • BRM—Business Reference Model
  • BRMS—Business Rule Management System
  • BRR—Business Readiness Rating
  • BRS—Broadband Radio Service
  • BSA—Business Software Alliance
  • BSB—Backside Bus
  • BSD—Berkeley Software Distribution
  • BSoD—Blue Screen of Death
  • BSS—Block Started by Symbol
  • BT—BitTorrent
  • BT—Bluetooth
  • B TAM—Basic Telecommunications Access Method
  • BW—Bandwidth
  • BYOD—Bring Your Own Device
  • Byte—By eight (group of 8 bits)

C[edit]

  • CA—Computer Accountancy
  • CAD—Computer-Aided Design
  • CAE—Computer-Aided Engineering
  • CAID—Computer-Aided Industrial Design
  • CAI—Computer-Aided Instruction
  • CAM—Computer-Aided Manufacturing
  • CAP—Consistency Availability Partition tolerance (theorem)
  • CAPTCHA—Completely Automated Public Turing Test to tell Computers and Humans Apart
  • CAT—Computer-Aided Translation
  • CAQ—Computer-Aided Quality Assurance
  • CASE—Computer-Aided Software Engineering
  • cc—C Compiler
  • CC—Carbon Copy
  • CD—Compact Disc
  • CDE—Common Desktop Environment
  • CDFS—Compact Disk File System
  • CDMA—Code-Division Multiple Access
  • CDN—Content Delivery Network
  • CDP—Cisco Discovery Protocol
  • CDP—Continuous Data Protection
  • CD-R—CD-Recordable
  • CD-ROM—CD Read-Only Memory
  • CD-RW—CD-Rewritable
  • CDSA—Common Data Security Architecture
  • CERT—Computer Emergency Response Team
  • CES—Consumer Electronics Show
  • CF—Compact Flash
  • CFD—Computational Fluid Dynamics
  • CFG—Context-Free Grammar
  • CFG—Control-Flow Graph
  • CG—Computer Graphics
  • CGA—Color Graphics Array
  • CGI—Common Gateway Interface
  • CGI—Computer-Generated Imagery
  • CGT—Computational Graph Theory
  • CHAP—Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol
  • CHS—Cylinder-Head-Sector
  • CIDR—Classless Inter-Domain Routing
  • CIFS—Common Internet Filesystem
  • CIM—Common Information Model
  • CIM—Computationally Independent Model
  • CIO—Chief Information Officer
  • CIR—Committed information rate
  • CISC—Complex Instruction Set Computer
  • CJK—Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
  • CJKV—Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese
  • CLI—Command Line Interface
  • CLR—Common Language Runtime
  • CM—Configuration Management
  • CM—Content Management
  • CMDB—Configuration Management Database
  • CMMI—Capability Maturity Model Integration
  • CMOS—Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor
  • CMO—Current Mode of Operation
  • CMS—Content Management System
  • CN—Canonical Name
  • CN—Common Name
  • CNC—Computer Numerical Control
  • CNG—Cryptographic Next Generation
  • CNG—Cryptography Next Generation
  • CNR—Communications and Networking Riser
  • COBOL—Common Business-Oriented Language
  • COM—Component Object Model or communication
  • CORBA—Common Object Request Broker Architecture
  • CORS—Cross-Origin Resource Sharing
  • COTS—Commercial Off-The-Shelf
  • CPA—Cell Processor Architecture
  • CPAN—Comprehensive Perl Archive Network
  • CP/M—Control Program/Monitor
  • CPRI—Common Public Radio Interface
  • CPS—characters per second
  • CPU—Central Processing Unit
  • CQS—Command–query separation
  • CQRS—Command Query Responsibility Segregation
  • CR—Carriage Return
  • CRAN—Comprehensive R Archive Network
  • CRC—Cyclic Redundancy Check
  • CRLF—Carriage Return Line Feeds
  • CRM—Customer Relationship Management
  • CRS—Computer Reservations System
  • CRT—Cathode-Ray Tube
  • CRUD—Create, Read, Update and Delete
  • CS—Cable Select
  • CS—Computer Science
  • CSE—Computer Science and Engineering
  • CSI—Common System Interface
  • CSM—Compatibility Support Module
  • CSMA/CD—Carrier-sense multiple access with collision detection
  • CSP—Cloud Service Provider
  • CSP—Communicating Sequential Processes
  • CSRF—Cross-Site Request Forgery
  • CSS—Cascading Style Sheets
  • CSS—Content-Scrambling System
  • CSS—Closed Source Software
  • CSS—Cross-Site Scripting
  • CSV—Comma-Separated Values
  • CT—Computerized Tomography
  • CTAN—Comprehensive TeX Archive Network
  • CTCP—Client-To-Client Protocol
  • CTI—Computer Telephony Integration
  • CTFE—Compile-time function execution
  • CTL—Computational Tree Logic
  • CTM—Close To Metal
  • CTS—Clear To Send
  • CTSS—Compatible Time-Sharing System
  • CUA—Common User Access
  • CVE—Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures
  • CVS—Concurrent Versioning System
  • CX—Customer Experience

D[edit]

  • DAC—Digital-To-Analog Converter
  • DAC—Discretionary Access Control
  • DAL—Database Abstraction Layer
  • DAO—Data Access Object
  • DAO—Data Access Objects
  • DAO—Disk-At-Once
  • DAP—Directory Access Protocol
  • DARPA—Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
  • DAS—Direct Attached Storage
  • DAT—Digital Audio Tape
  • DB—Database
  • DSKT—Desktop
  • DBA—Database Administrator
  • DBCS—Double Byte Character Set
  • DBMS—Database Management System
  • DCC—Direct Client-to-Client
  • DCCP—Datagram Congestion Control Protocol
  • DCCA—Debian Common Core Alliance
  • DCL—Data Control Language
  • DCS—Distributed Control System
  • DCMI—Dublin Core Metadata Initiative
  • DCOM—Distributed Component Object Model
  • DD—Double Density
  • DDE—Dynamic Data Exchange
  • DDI—DNS DHCP & IP/IPAM Address management
  • DDL—Data Definition Language
  • DDoS—Distributed Denial of Service
  • DDR—Double Data Rate
  • DEC—Digital Equipment Corporation
  • DES—Data Encryption Standard
  • dev—development
  • DFA—Deterministic Finite Automaton
  • DFD—Data Flow Diagram
  • DFS—Depth-First Search
  • DFS—Distributed File System
  • DGD—Dworkin’s Game Driver
  • DHCP—Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
  • DHTML—Dynamic Hypertext Markup Language
  • DIF—Data Integrity Field
  • DIMM—Dual Inline Memory Module
  • DIN—Deutsches Institut für Normung
  • DIP—Dual In-line Package
  • DISM—Deployment Image and Service Management Tool
  • DIVX—Digital Video Express
  • DKIM—Domain Keys Identified Mail
  • DL—Download
  • DLL—Dynamic Link Library
  • DLNA—Digital Living Network Alliance
  • DMA—Direct Memory Access
  • DMCA—Digital Millennium Copyright Act
  • DMI—Direct Media Interface
  • DML—Data Manipulation Language
  • DML—Definitive Media Library
  • DMR—Dennis M. Ritchie
  • DMZ—Demilitarized Zone
  • DN—Distinguished Name
  • DND—Drag-and-Drop
  • DNS—Domain Name System
  • DOA—Dead on Arrival
  • DOCSIS—Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification
  • DOM—Document Object Model
  • DoS—Denial of Service
  • DOS—Disk Operating System
  • DP—Dot Pitch
  • DPC—Deferred Procedure Call
  • DPI—Deep Packet Inspection
  • DPI—Dots Per Inch
  • DPMI—DOS Protected Mode Interface
  • DPMS—Display Power Management Signaling
  • DR—Disaster Recovery
  • DRAM—Dynamic Random-Access Memory
  • DR-DOS—Digital Research – Disk Operating System
  • DRI—Direct Rendering Infrastructure
  • DRM—Digital Rights Management
  • DRM—Direct Rendering Manager
  • DSA—Digital Signature Algorithm
  • DSDL—Document Schema Definition Languages
  • DSDM—Dynamic Systems Development Method
  • DSL—Digital Subscriber Line
  • DSL—Domain-Specific Language
  • DSLAM—Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer
  • DSN—Database Source Name
  • DSN—Data Set Name
  • DSP—Digital Signal Processor
  • DSSSL—Document Style Semantics and Specification Language
  • DTD—Document Type Definition
  • DTE—Data Terminal Equipment or data transfer rate
  • DTO—Data Transfer Object
  • DTP—Desktop Publishing
  • DTR—Data Terminal Ready or Data transfer rate
  • DVD—Digital Versatile Disc or Digital Video Disc
  • DVD-R—DVD-Recordable
  • DVD-ROM—DVD-Read-Only Memory
  • DVD-RW—DVD-Rewritable
  • DVI—Digital Visual Interface
  • DVR—Digital Video Recorder
  • DW—Data Warehouse

E[edit]

  • EAI—Enterprise Application Integration
  • EAP—Extensible Authentication Protocol
  • EAS—Exchange ActiveSync
  • EBCDIC—Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code
  • EBML—Extensible Binary Meta Language
  • ECC—Elliptic Curve Cryptography
  • ECMA—European Computer Manufacturers Association
  • ECN—Explicit Congestion Notification
  • ECOS—Embedded Configurable Operating System
  • ECRS—Expense and Cost Recovery System
  • ECS—Entity-Component-System
  • EDA—Electronic Design Automation
  • EDGE—Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution
  • EDI—Electronic Data Interchange
  • EDO—Extended Data Out
  • EDSAC—Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator
  • EDVAC—Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer
  • EEPROM—Electronically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • EFF—Electronic Frontier Foundation
  • EFI—Extensible Firmware Interface
  • EFM—Eight-to-Fourteen Modulation
  • EFM—Ethernet in the First Mile
  • EFS—Encrypting File System
  • EGA—Enhanced Graphics Array
  • E-mail—Electronic mail
  • EGP—Exterior Gateway Protocol
  • eID—electronic ID card
  • EIDE—Enhanced IDE
  • EIGRP—Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
  • EISA—Extended Industry Standard Architecture
  • ELF—Extremely Low Frequency
  • ELF—Executable and Linkable Format
  • ELM—ELectronic Mail
  • EMACS—Editor MACroS
  • EMS—Expanded Memory Specification
  • ENIAC—Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer
  • EOD—End of Day
  • EOF—End of File
  • EOL—End of Life
  • EOL—End of Line
  • EOM—End of Message
  • EOS—End of Support
  • EPIC—Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing
  • EPROM—Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • ERD—Entity–Relationship Diagram
  • ERM—Entity–Relationship Model
  • ERP—Enterprise Resource Planning
  • eSATA—external SATA
  • ESB—Enterprise service bus
  • ESCON—Enterprise Systems Connection
  • ESD—Electrostatic Discharge
  • ESI—Electronically Stored Information
  • ESR—Eric Steven Raymond
  • ETL—Extract, Transform, Load
  • ETW—Event Tracing for Windows
  • EUC—Extended Unix Code
  • EULA—End User License Agreement
  • EWM—Enterprise Work Management
  • EWMH—Extended Window Manager Hints
  • EXT—EXTended file system
  • ETA—Estimated Time of Arrival

F[edit]

  • FAP—FORTRAN Assembly Program
  • FASM—Flat ASseMbler
  • FAT—File Allocation Table
  • FAQ—Frequently Asked Questions
  • FBDIMM—Fully Buffered Dual Inline Memory Module
  • FC-AL—Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop
  • FCB—File Control Block
  • FCS—Frame Check Sequence
  • FDC—Floppy-Disk Controller
  • FDS—Fedora Directory Server
  • FDD—Frequency-Division Duplexing
  • FDD—Floppy Disk Drive
  • FDDI—Fiber Distributed Data Interface
  • FDM—Frequency-Division Multiplexing
  • FDMA—Frequency-Division Multiple Access
  • FE—Frontend
  • FEC—Forward Error Correction
  • FEMB—Front-End Motherboard
  • FET—Field Effect Transistor
  • FHS—Filesystem Hierarchy Standard
  • FICON—FIber CONnectivity
  • FIFO—First In First Out
  • FIPS—Federal Information Processing Standards
  • FL—Function Level
  • FLAC—Free Lossless Audio Codec
  • FLOPS—FLoating-Point Operations Per Second
  • FLOSS—Free/Libre/Open-Source Software
  • FMC—Fixed Mobile Convergence «Mobile UC or Unified Communications over Wireless»
  • FMO—Future Mode of Operation
  • FOLDOC—Free On-line Dictionary of Computing
  • FORTRAN—Formula Translation
  • FOSDEM—Free and Open-source Software Developers’ European Meeting
  • FOSI—Formatted Output Specification Instance
  • FOSS—Free and Open-Source Software
  • FP—Function Programming
  • FP—Functional Programming
  • FPGA—Field Programmable Gate Array
  • FPS—Floating Point Systems
  • FPU—Floating-Point Unit
  • FRU—Field-Replaceable Unit
  • FS—File System
  • FSB—Front-Side Bus
  • fsck—File System Check
  • FSF—Free Software Foundation
  • FSM—Finite State Machine
  • FTTA—Fiber To The Antenna
  • FTTC—Fiber To The Curb
  • FTTH—Fiber To The Home
  • FTTP—Fiber To The Premises
  • FTP—File Transfer Protocol
  • FQDN—Fully Qualified Domain Name
  • FUD—Fear Uncertainty Doubt
  • FWS—Folding White Space
  • FXP—File eXchange Protocol
  • FYI—For Your Information
  • FVEK—Full Volume Encryption Key

G[edit]

  • G11N—Globalization
  • Gas—GNU Assembler
  • Gb—Gigabit
  • GB—Gigabyte
  • Gbps—Gigabits per second
  • GCC—GNU Compiler Collection
  • GCJ—GNU Compiler for Java
  • GCP—Google Cloud Platform
  • GCR—Group Coded Recording
  • GDB—GNU Debugger
  • GDI—Graphics Device Interface
  • GFDL—GNU Free Documentation License
  • GIF—Graphics Interchange Format
  • GIGO—Garbage In, Garbage Out
  • GIMP—GNU Image Manipulation Program
  • GIMPS—Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search
  • GIS—Geographic Information System
  • GLUT—OpenGL Utility Toolkit
  • GML—Geography Markup Language
  • GNOME—GNU Network Object Model Environment
  • GNU—GNU’s Not Unix
  • GOMS—Goals, Operators, Methods, and Selection rules
  • GPASM—GNU PIC ASseMbler
  • GPFS—General Parallel File System
  • GPG—GNU Privacy Guard
  • GPGPU—General-Purpose Computing on Graphics Processing Units
  • GPIB—General-Purpose Instrumentation Bus
  • GPL—General Public License
  • GPL—General-Purpose Language
  • GPRS—General Packet Radio Service
  • GPT—GUID Partition Table
  • GPU—Graphics Processing Unit
  • GRUB—Grand Unified Boot-Loader
  • GERAN—GSM EDGE Radio Access Network
  • GSM—Global System for Mobile Communications
  • GTK+—GIMP Toolkit
  • GUI—Graphical User Interface
  • GUID—Globally Unique IDentifier
  • GWT—Google Web Toolkit
  • GYR—IT Networking

H[edit]

  • HA—High availability
  • HAL—Hardware Abstraction Layer
  • HARD—HTML Application Rapid Development
  • HASP—Houston Automatic Spooling Priority
  • HBA—Host Bus Adapter
  • HCI—Human—Computer Interaction
  • HD—High Density
  • HDD—Hard Disk Drive
  • HCL—Hardware Compatibility List
  • HD DVD—High Definition DVD
  • HDL—Hardware Description Language
  • HDMI—High-Definition Multimedia Interface
  • HECI—Host Embedded Controller Interface
  • HF—High Frequency
  • HFS—Hierarchical File System
  • HHD—Hybrid Hard Drive
  • HID—Human Interface Device
  • HIG—Human Interface Guidelines
  • HIRD—Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth
  • HLASM—High Level ASseMbler
  • HLS—HTTP Live Streaming
  • HMA—High Memory Area
  • HP—Hewlett-Packard
  • HPC—High-Performance Computing
  • HPFS—High Performance File System
  • HSDPA—High-Speed Downlink Packet Access
  • HTC—High-Throughput Computing
  • HSM—Hierarchical Storage Management
  • HT—Hyper Threading
  • HTM—Hierarchical Temporal Memory
  • HTML—Hypertext Markup Language
  • HTTP—Hypertext Transfer Protocol
  • HTTPd—Hypertext Transport Protocol Daemon
  • HTTPS—HTTP Secure
  • HTX—HyperTransport eXpansion
  • HURD—Hird of Unix-Replacing Daemons
  • HVD—Holographic Versatile Disc
  • Hz—Hertz

I[edit]

  • I²C—Inter-Integrated Circuit
  • I²S—Integrated Interchip Sound
  • I18N—Internationalization
  • IANA—Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
  • IaaS—Infrastructure as a Service
  • IaC—Infrastructure as Code
  • iBCS—Intel Binary Compatibility Standard
  • IBM—International Business Machines
  • IC—Integrated Circuit
  • ICANN—Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
  • ICE—In-Circuit Emulator
  • ICE—Intrusion Countermeasure Electronics
  • ICH—I/O Controller Hub
  • ICMP—Internet Control Message Protocol
  • ICP—Internet Cache Protocol
  • ICS—Internet Connection Sharing
  • ICT—Information and Communication Technology
  • IDE—Integrated Development Environment
  • IDE—Integrated Drive Electronics
  • IDF—Intermediate Distribution Frame
  • IDF—Intermediate Data Format
  • IDL—Interactive Data Language
  • IDL—Interface Definition Language
  • IdP—Identity Provider (cybersecurity)
  • IDS—Intrusion Detection System
  • IE—Internet Explorer
  • IEC—International Electrotechnical Commission
  • IEEE—Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
  • IETF—Internet Engineering Task Force
  • IFL—Integrated Facility for Linux
  • IGMP—Internet Group Management Protocol
  • IGRP—Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
  • IHV—Independent Hardware Vendor
  • IIOP—Internet Inter-Orb Protocol
  • IIS—Internet Information Services
  • IKE—Internet Key Exchange
  • IL—Intermediate Language
  • IM—Instant Message or Instant Messaging
  • IMAP—Internet Message Access Protocol
  • IME—Input Method Editor
  • INFOSEC—Information Systems Security
  • I/O—Input/output
  • IoT—Internet of Things
  • IP—Intellectual Property
  • IP—Internet Protocol
  • IPAM—IP Address Management
  • IPC—Inter-Process Communication
  • IPL—Initial Program Load
  • IPMI—Intelligent Platform Management Interface
  • IPO—Inter Procedural Optimization
  • IPP—Internet Printing Protocol
  • IPS—In-Plane Switching
  • IPS—Instructions Per Second
  • IPS—Intrusion Prevention System
  • IPsec—Internet Protocol security
  • IPTV—Internet Protocol Television
  • IPv4—Internet Protocol version 4
  • IPv6—Internet Protocol version 6
  • IPX—Internetwork Packet Exchange
  • IR—Intermediate Representation
  • IRC—Internet Relay Chat
  • IrDA—Infrared Data Association
  • IRI—Internationalized Resource Identifier
  • IRP—I/O Request Packet
  • IRQ—Interrupt Request
  • IS—Information Systems
  • IS-IS—Intermediate System to Intermediate System
  • ISA—Industry Standard Architecture
  • ISA—Instruction Set Architecture
  • ISAM—Indexed Sequential Access Method
  • ISATAP—Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol
  • ISC—Internet Storm Center
  • iSCSI—Internet Small Computer System Interface
  • ISDN—Integrated Services Digital Network
  • ISO—International Organization for Standardization
  • iSNS—Internet Storage Name Service
  • ISP—Internet Service Provider
  • ISPF—Interactive System Productivity Facility
  • ISR—Interrupt Service Routine
  • ISV—Independent Software Vendor
  • IT—Information Technology
  • ITIL—Information Technology Infrastructure Library
  • ITL—Interval Temporal Logic
  • ITU—International Telecommunication Union
  • IVR(S)—Interactive Voice Response (System)

J[edit]

  • J2EE—Java 2 Enterprise Edition
  • J2ME—Java 2 Micro Edition
  • J2SE—Java 2 Standard Edition
  • JAXB—Java Architecture for XML Binding
  • JAX-RPC—Jakarta XML (formerly Java XML) for Remote Procedure Calls
  • JAXP—Java API for XML Processing
  • JBOD—Just a Bunch of Disks
  • JCE— Java Cryptography Extension
  • JCL—Job Control Language
  • JCP—Java Community Process
  • JDBC—Java Database Connectivity
  • JDK—Java Development Kit
  • JEE—Java Enterprise Edition
  • JES—Job Entry Subsystem
  • JDS—Java Desktop System
  • JFC—Java Foundation Classes
  • JFET—Junction Field-Effect Transistor
  • JFS—IBM Journaling File System
  • JINI—Jini Is Not Initials
  • JIT—Just-In-Time
  • JME—Java Micro Edition
  • JMX—Java Management Extensions
  • JMS—Java Message Service
  • JNDI—Java Naming and Directory Interface
  • JNI—Java Native Interface
  • JNZ—Jump non-zero
  • JPEG—Joint Photographic Experts Group
  • JRE—Java Runtime Environment
  • JS—JavaScript
  • JSE—Java Standard Edition
  • JSON—JavaScript Object Notation
  • JSP—Jackson Structured Programming
  • JSP—JavaServer Pages
  • JTAG—Joint Test Action Group
  • JVM—Java Virtual Machine

K[edit]

  • K&R—Kernighan and Ritchie
  • KB—Keyboard
  • Kb—Kilobit
  • KB—Kilobyte
  • KB—Knowledge Base
  • Kbps—Kilobits per second
  • KiB—Kibibyte
  • KDE—K Desktop Environment
  • kHz—Kilohertz
  • KM—Knowledge Machine
  • KRL—Knowledge Representation Language
  • KVM—Keyboard, Video, Mouse

L[edit]

  • L10N—Localization
  • L2TP—Layer two Tunneling Protocol
  • LACP—Link Aggregation Control Protocol
  • LAMP—Linux Apache MySQL Perl
  • LAMP—Linux Apache MySQL PHP
  • LAMP—Linux Apache MySQL Python
  • LAN—Local Area Network
  • LBA—Logical Block Addressing
  • LB—Load Balancer
  • LCD—Liquid Crystal Display
  • LCR—Least Cost Routing
  • LCOS—Liquid Crystal On Silicon
  • LDAP—Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
  • LE—Logical Extents
  • LED—Light-Emitting Diode
  • LF—Line Feed
  • LF—Low Frequency
  • LFS—Linux From Scratch
  • LGA—Land Grid Array
  • LGPL—Lesser General Public License
  • LIB—LIBrary
  • LIF—Low Insertion Force
  • LIFO—Last In First Out
  • LILO—Linux Loader
  • LIP—Loop Initialization Primitive
  • LISP—LISt Processing
  • LKML—Linux Kernel Mailing List
  • LM—Lan Manager
  • LOC—Lines of Code
  • LPC—Lars Pensjö C
  • LPI—Lines Per Inch
  • LPI—Linux Professional Institute
  • LPT— Line Print Terminal
  • LRU—Least Recently Used
  • LSB—Least Significant Bit
  • LSB—Linux Standard Base
  • LSI—Large-Scale Integration
  • LTE—Long Term Evolution
  • LTL—Linear Temporal Logic
  • LTR—Left-to-Right
  • LUG—Linux User Group
  • LUN—Logical Unit Number
  • LV—Logical Volume
  • LVD—Low Voltage Differential
  • LVM—Logical Volume Management
  • LZW—Lempel-Ziv-Welch

M[edit]

  • MAC—Mandatory Access Control
  • MAC—Media Access Control
  • MANET—Mobile Ad-Hoc Network
  • MAN—Metropolitan Area Network
  • MAPI—Messaging Application Programming Interface
  • MBCS—Multi Byte Character Set
  • MBD—Model-Based Design
  • MBR—Master Boot Record
  • Mb—Megabit
  • MB—Megabyte
  • Mbps—Megabits per second
  • MCAD—Microsoft Certified Application Developer
  • MCAS—Microsoft Certified Application Specialist
  • MCA—Micro Channel Architecture
  • MCA—Microsoft Certified Architect
  • MCDBA—Microsoft Certified DataBase Administrator
  • MCDST—Microsoft Certified Desktop Support Technician
  • MCITP—Microsoft Certified Information Technology Professional
  • MCM—Microsoft Certified Master
  • MCPC—Multiple Channels Per Carrier
  • MCPD—Microsoft Certified Professional Developer
  • MCP—Microsoft Certified Professional
  • MCSA—Microsoft Certified Systems Administrator
  • MCSD—Microsoft Certified Solution Developer
  • MCSE—Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer
  • MCTS—Microsoft Certified Technology Specialist
  • MCT—Microsoft Certified Trainer
  • MDA—Monochrome Display Adapter
  • MDA—Mail Delivery Agent
  • MDA—Model-Driven Architecture
  • MDD/MDSD—Model-Driven (Software) Development
  • MDF—Main Distribution Frame
  • MDI—Multiple-Document Interface
  • MDM—Master Data Management
  • ME—Microsoft Edge
  • ME—[Windows] Millennium Edition
  • MFA—Multi-factor authentication
  • MFC—Microsoft Foundation Classes
  • MFM—Modified Frequency Modulation
  • MF—Medium Frequency
  • MGCP—Media Gateway Control Protocol
  • MHz—Megahertz
  • MIB—Management Information Base
  • MICR—Magnetic Ink Character Recognition or Magnetic Ink Character Reader
  • MIDI—Musical Instrument Digital Interface
  • MIMD—Multiple Instruction, Multiple Data
  • MIME—Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
  • MIMO—Multiple-Input Multiple-Output
  • MINIX—MIni-uNIX
  • MIPS—Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline Stages
  • MIPS—Million Instructions Per Second
  • MISD—Multiple Instruction, Single Data
  • MIS—Management Information Systems
  • MIT—Massachusetts Institute of Technology
  • ML—Machine Learning
  • MMC—Microsoft Management Console
  • MMDS—Mortality Medical Data System
  • MMDS—Multichannel Multipoint Distribution Service
  • MMF—Multi-Mode (optical) Fiber
  • MMIO—Memory-Mapped I/O
  • MMI—Man Machine Interface.
  • MMORPG—Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Game
  • MMS—Multimedia Message Service
  • MMU—Memory Management Unit
  • MMX—Multi-Media Extensions
  • MNG—Multiple-image Network Graphics
  • MoBo—Motherboard
  • MOM—Message-Oriented Middleware
  • MOO—MUD Object Oriented
  • MOP—Meta-Object Protocol
  • MOSFET—Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor
  • MOS—Microsoft Office Specialist
  • MOTD—Message Of The Day
  • MOUS—Microsoft Office User Specialist
  • MOV—Apple QuickTime Multimedia File
  • MPAA—Motion Picture Association of America
  • MPEG—Motion Pictures Experts Group
  • MPLS—Multiprotocol Label Switching
  • MPL—Mozilla Public License
  • MPU—Microprocessor Unit
  • MS-DOS—Microsoft DOS
  • MSA—Mail Submission Agent
  • MSB—Most Significant Bit
  • MSDN—Microsoft Developer Network
  • MSI—Medium-Scale Integration
  • MSI—Message Signaled Interrupt
  • MSI—Microsoft Installer
  • MSN—Microsoft Network
  • MS—Microsoft
  • MS—Memory Stick
  • MTA—Mail Transfer Agent
  • MTA—Microsoft Technology Associate
  • MTBF—Mean Time Between Failures
  • MTU—Maximum Transmission Unit
  • MT—Machine Translation
  • MUA—Mail User Agent
  • MUD—Multi-User Dungeon
  • MU—Memory Unit
  • MVC—Model-View-Controller
  • MVP—Most Valuable Professional
  • MVS—Multiple Virtual Storage
  • MWC—Mobile World Congress
  • MXF—Material Exchange Format
  • MX—Mail exchange

N[edit]

  • NAC—Network Access Control
  • NACK—Negative ACKnowledgement
  • NAK—Negative AcKnowledge Character
  • NaN—Not a Number
  • NAP—Network Access Protection
  • NAS—Network-Attached Storage
  • NASM—Netwide ASseMbler
  • NAT—Network Address Translation
  • NCP—NetWare Core Protocol
  • NCQ—Native Command Queuing
  • NCSA—National Center for Supercomputing Applications
  • NDIS—Network Driver Interface Specification
  • NDPS—Novell Distributed Print Services
  • NDS—Novell Directory Services
  • NEP—Network Equipment Provider
  • NetBIOS—Network Basic Input/Output System
  • NetBT—NetBIOS over TCP/IP
  • NEXT—Near-End CrossTalk
  • NFA—Nondeterministic Finite Automaton
  • NFC—Near-field communication
  • NFS—Network File System
  • NGL—aNGeL
  • NGSCB—Next-Generation Secure Computing Base
  • NI—National Instruments
  • NIC—Network Interface Controller or Network Interface Card
  • NIM—No Internal Message
  • NIO—Non-blocking I/O
  • NIST—National Institute of Standards and Technology
  • NLE—Non-Linear Editing system
  • NLP—Natural Language Processing
  • NLS—Native Language Support
  • NMI—Non-Maskable Interrupt
  • NNTP—Network News Transfer Protocol
  • NOC—Network Operations Center
  • NOP—No OPeration
  • NOS—Network Operating System
  • NP—Nondeterministic Polynomial time
  • NPL—Netscape Public License
  • NPTL—Native POSIX Thread Library
  • NPU—Network Processing Unit
  • NS—Netscape
  • NSA—Network Security Appliance
  • NSI—Network Service Interface
  • NSPR—Netscape Portable Runtime
  • NSS—Novell Storage Service
  • NSS—Network Security Services
  • NSS—Name Service Switch
  • NT—New Technology
  • NTFS—NT Filesystem
  • NTLM—NT Lan Manager
  • NTP—Network Time Protocol
  • NUMA—Non-Uniform Memory Access
  • NURBS—Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline
  • NVR—Network Video Recorder
  • NVRAM—Non-Volatile Random-Access Memory

O[edit]

  • OASIS—Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards
  • OAT—Operational Acceptance Testing
  • OBSAI—Open Base Station Architecture Initiative
  • ODBC—Open Database Connectivity
  • OEM—Original Equipment Manufacturer
  • OES—Open Enterprise Server
  • OFDM—Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing
  • OFTC—Open and Free Technology Community
  • OID—Object Identifier
  • OLAP—Online Analytical Processing
  • OLE—Object Linking and Embedding
  • OLED—Organic Light Emitting Diode
  • OLPC—One Laptop per Child
  • OLTP—Online Transaction Processing
  • OMF—Object Module Format
  • OMG—Object Management Group
  • OMR—Optical Mark Reader
  • OO—Object-Oriented
  • OO—OpenOffice
  • OOE—Out-of-Order Execution
  • OOM—Out Of Memory
  • OOo—OpenOffice.org
  • OoOE—Out-of-Order Execution
  • OOP—Object-Oriented Programming
  • OOTB—Out of the box
  • OPML—Outline Processor Markup Language
  • ORB—Object Request Broker
  • ORM—Object-Relational Mapping
  • OS—Open Source
  • OS—Operating System
  • OSCON—O’Reilly Open Source CONvention
  • OSDN—Open Source Development Network
  • OSI—Open Source Initiative
  • OSI—Open Systems Interconnection
  • OSPF—Open Shortest Path First
  • OSS—Open Sound System
  • OSS—Open-Source Software
  • OSS—Operations Support System
  • OSTG—Open Source Technology Group
  • OTP—One-time password
  • OUI—Organisationally Unique Identifier

P[edit]

  • P2P—Peer-To-Peer
  • PaaS—Platform as a Service
  • PAM—Privileged Access Management
  • PAN—Personal Area Network
  • PAP—Password Authentication Protocol
  • PARC—Palo Alto Research Center
  • PATA—Parallel ATA
  • PBS—Portable Batch System
  • PC—Personal Computer
  • PCB—Printed Circuit Board
  • PCB—Process Control Block
  • PC DOS—Personal Computer Disc Operating System
  • PCI—Peripheral Component Interconnect
  • PCIe—PCI Express
  • PCI-X—PCI Extended
  • PCL—Printer Command Language
  • PCMCIA—Personal Computer Memory Card International Association
  • PCM—Pulse-Code Modulation
  • PCRE—Perl Compatible Regular Expressions
  • PD—Public Domain
  • PDA—Personal Digital Assistant
  • PDF—Portable Document Format
  • PDH—Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy
  • PDP—Programmed Data Processor
  • PE—Physical Extents
  • PERL—Practical Extraction and Reporting Language
  • PFA—Please Find Attachment
  • PG—Peripheral Gateway
  • PGA—Pin Grid Array
  • PGA—Programmable Gate Array
  • PGO—Profile-Guided Optimization
  • PGP—Pretty Good Privacy
  • PHP—Hypertext Preprocessor
  • PIC—Peripheral Interface Controller
  • PIC—Programmable Interrupt Controller
  • PID—Proportional-Integral-Derivative
  • PID—Process ID
  • PIM—Personal Information Manager
  • PINE—Program for Internet News and Email
  • PIM—Platform Independent Model
  • PING—Packet Internet Gopher
  • PIO—Programmed Input/Output
  • PKCS—Public Key Cryptography Standards
  • PKI—Public Key Infrastructure
  • PLC—Power Line Communication
  • PLC—Programmable Logic Controller
  • PLD—Programmable Logic Device
  • PL/I—Programming Language One
  • PL/M—Programming Language for Microcomputers
  • PL/P—Programming Language for Prime
  • PLT—Power Line Telecommunications
  • PMM—POST Memory Manager
  • PNG—Portable Network Graphics
  • PnP—Plug-and-Play
  • PNRP—Peer Name Resolution Protocol
  • PoE—Power over Ethernet
  • PoS—Point of Sale
  • POCO—Plain Old Class Object
  • POID—Persistent Object Identifier
  • POJO—Plain Old Java Object
  • POP—Point of Presence
  • POP3—Post Office Protocol v3
  • POSIX—Portable Operating System Interface, formerly IEEE-IX
  • POST—Power-On Self Test
  • PPC—PowerPC
  • PPI—Pixels Per Inch
  • PPM—Pages Per Minute
  • PPP—Point-to-Point Protocol
  • PPPoA—PPP over ATM
  • PPPoE—PPP over Ethernet
  • PPTP—Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol
  • PR—Pull Request
  • PROM—Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • PS—PostScript
  • PS/2—Personal System/2
  • PSA—Professional Services Automation
  • PSM—Platform Specific Model
  • PSTN—Public Switched Telephone Network
  • PSU—Power Supply Unit
  • PSVI—Post-Schema-Validation Infoset
  • PTS-DOS—PhysTechSoft – Disk Operating System
  • PV—Physical Volume
  • PVG—Physical Volume Group
  • PVR—Personal Video Recorder
  • PXE—Preboot Execution Environment
  • PXI—PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation
  • PRC—Procedure Remote Call

Q[edit]

  • QDR—Quad Data Rate
  • QA—Quality Assurance
  • QFP—Quad Flat Package
  • QoS—Quality of Service
  • QOTD—Quote of the Day
  • Qt—Quasar Toolkit
  • QTAM—Queued Teleprocessing Access Method
  • QSOP—Quarter Small Outline Package
  • qWave—Quality Windows Audio/Video Experience

R[edit]

  • RACF—Resource Access Control Facility
  • RAD—Rapid Application Development
  • RADIUS—Remote Authentication Dial In User Service
  • RAID—Redundant Array of Independent Disks
  • RAII—Resource Acquisition Is Initialization
  • RAIT—Redundant Array of Inexpensive Tapes
  • RAM—Random-Access Memory
  • RARP—Reverse Address Resolution Protocol
  • RAS—Reliability, Availability and Serviceability
  • RAS—Remote access service
  • RC—Region Code
  • RC—Release Candidate
  • RC—Run Commands
  • RCA—Root Cause Analysis
  • RCS—Revision Control System
  • RD—Remote Desktop
  • rd—remove directory
  • RDBMS—Relational Database Management System
  • RDC—Remote Desktop Connection
  • RDF—Resource Description Framework
  • RDM—Relational Data Model
  • RDOS—Real-time Disk Operating System
  • RDP—Remote Desktop Protocol
  • RDS—Remote Data Services
  • REFAL—Recursive Functions Algorithmic Language
  • REP—RAID Error Propagation
  • REST—Representational State Transfer
  • RESV—Reservation Message
  • regex—Regular Expression
  • regexp—Regular Expression
  • RF—Radio Frequency
  • RFC—Request For Comments
  • RFI—Radio Frequency Interference
  • RFID—Radio Frequency Identification
  • RGB—Red, Green, Blue
  • RGBA—Red, Green, Blue, Alpha
  • RHL—Red Hat Linux
  • RHEL—Red Hat Enterprise Linux
  • RIA—Rich Internet Application
  • RIAA—Recording Industry Association of America
  • RIP—Raster Image Processor
  • RIP—Routing Information Protocol
  • RIR—Regional Internet registry
  • RISC—Reduced Instruction Set Computer
  • RISC OS—Reduced Instruction Set Computer Operating System
  • RJE—Remote Job Entry
  • RLE—Run-Length Encoding
  • RLL—Run-Length Limited
  • rmdir—remove directory
  • RMI—Remote Method Invocation
  • RMS—Richard Matthew Stallman
  • ROM—Read-Only Memory
  • ROMB—Read-Out Motherboard
  • ROM-DOS—Read-Only Memory – Disk Operating System
  • RPA—Robotic Process Automation
  • RPC—Remote Procedure Call
  • RPG—Report Program Generator
  • RPM—RPM Package Manager
  • RRAS—Routing and Remote Access Service
  • RSA—Rivest Shamir Adleman
  • RSI—Repetitive Strain Injury
  • RSS—Radio Service Software
  • RSS—Rich Site Summary, RDF Site Summary, or Really Simple Syndication
  • RSVP—Resource Reservation Protocol
  • RTAI—Real-Time Application Interface
  • RTC—Real-Time Clock
  • RTE—Real-Time Enterprise
  • RTEMS—Real-Time Executive for Multiprocessor Systems
  • RTF—Rich Text Format
  • RTL—Right-to-Left
  • RTMP—Real Time Messaging Protocol
  • RTOS—Real-Time Operating System
  • RTP—Real-time Transport Protocol
  • RTS—Ready To Send
  • RTSP—Real Time Streaming Protocol
  • RTTI—Run-time Type Information
  • RTU—Remote Terminal Unit
  • RWD—Responsive Web Design

S[edit]

  • SaaS—Software as a Service
  • SASS—Syntatically Awesome Style Sheets
  • SAM—Security Account Manager
  • SAN—Storage Area Network
  • SAS—Serial attached SCSI
  • SATA—Serial ATA
  • SAX—Simple API for XML
  • SBOD—Spinning Beachball of Death
  • SBP-2—Serial Bus Protocol 2
  • sbin—superuser binary
  • sbs—Small Business Server
  • SBU—Standard Build Unit
  • SCADA—Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition
  • SCID—Source Code in Database
  • SCM—Software Configuration Management
  • SCM—Source Code Management
  • SCP—Secure Copy
  • SCPC—Single Channel Per Carrier
  • SCPI—Standard Commands for Programmable Instrumentation
  • SCSA—Secure Content Storage Association
  • SCSI—Small Computer System Interface
  • SCTP—Stream Control Transmission Protocol
  • SD—Secure Digital
  • SDDL—Security Descriptor Definition Language
  • SDH—Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
  • SDI—Single-Document Interface
  • SEC—Single Edge Contact
  • SDIO—Secure Digital Input Output
  • SDK—Software Development Kit
  • SDL—Simple DirectMedia Layer
  • SDN—Service Delivery Network
  • SDP—Session Description Protocol
  • SDR—Software-Defined Radio
  • SDRAM—Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access Memory
  • SDSL—Symmetric DSL
  • SE—Single Ended
  • SEI—Software Engineering Institute
  • SEO—Search Engine Optimization
  • SFTP—Secure FTP
  • SFTP—Simple File Transfer Protocol
  • SFTP—SSH File Transfer Protocol
  • SGI—Silicon Graphics, Incorporated
  • SGML—Standard Generalized Markup Language
  • SGR—Select Graphic Rendition
  • SHA—Secure Hash Algorithm
  • SHDSL—Single-pair High-speed Digital Subscriber Line
  • SIEM—Security information and event management
  • SIGCAT—Special Interest Group on CD-ROM Applications and Technology
  • SIGGRAPH—Special Interest Group on Graphics
  • SIMD—Single Instruction, Multiple Data
  • SIM—Subscriber Identification Module
  • SIMM—Single Inline Memory Module
  • SIP—Session Initiation Protocol
  • SIP—Supplementary Ideographic Plane
  • SISD—Single Instruction, Single Data
  • SISO—Single-Input and Single-Output
  • SLA—Service Level Agreement
  • SLED—SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop
  • SLES—SUSE Linux Enterprise Server
  • SLI—Scalable Link Interface
  • SLIP—Serial Line Internet Protocol
  • SLM—Service Level Management
  • SLOC—Source Lines of Code
  • SME—Subject Matter Expert
  • SMF—Single-Mode (optical) Fiber
  • SPM—Software project management
  • SPMD—Single Program, Multiple Data
  • SPOF—Single point of failure
  • SMA—SubMiniature version A
  • SMB—Server Message Block
  • SMBIOS—System Management BIOS
  • SMIL—Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language
  • S/MIME—Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
  • SMP—Supplementary Multilingual Plane
  • SMP—Symmetric Multi-Processing
  • SMPS—Switch Mode Power Supply
  • SMS—Short Message Service
  • SMS—System Management Server
  • SMT—Simultaneous Multithreading
  • SMTP—Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
  • SNA—Systems Network Architecture
  • SNMP—Simple Network Management Protocol
  • SNTP—Simple Network Time Protocol
  • SOA—Service-Oriented Architecture
  • SOAP—Simple Object Access Protocol
  • SOAP—Symbolic Optimal Assembly Program
  • SOPA—Stop Online Piracy Act
  • SoC—System-on-a-Chip
  • SO-DIMM—Small Outline DIMM
  • SOE—Standard Operating Environment
  • SOHO—Small Office/Home Office
  • SOI—Silicon On Insulator
  • SP—Service Pack
  • SPA—Single Page Application
  • SPF—Sender Policy Framework
  • SPI—Serial Peripheral Interface
  • SPI—Stateful Packet Inspection
  • SPARC—Scalable Processor Architecture
  • SQL—Structured Query Language
  • SRAM—Static Random-Access Memory
  • SSA—Static Single Assignment
  • SSD—Software Specification Document
  • SSD—Solid-State Drive
  • SSDP—Simple Service Discovery Protocol
  • SSE—Streaming SIMD Extensions
  • SSH—Secure Shell
  • SSI—Server Side Includes
  • SSI—Single-System Image
  • SSI—Small-Scale Integration
  • SSID—Service Set Identifier
  • SSL—Secure Socket Layer
  • SSO—Single Sign On
  • SSP—Supplementary Special-purpose Plane
  • SSSE—Supplementary Streaming SIMD Extensions
  • SSSP—Single Source Shortest Path
  • SSTP—Secure Socket Tunneling Protocol
  • su—superuser
  • SUS—Single UNIX Specification
  • SUSE—Software und System-Entwicklung
  • SVC—Scalable Video Coding
  • SVG—Scalable Vector Graphics
  • SVGA—Super Video Graphics Array
  • SVD—Structured VLSI Design
  • SWF—Shock Wave Flash
  • SWT—Standard Widget Toolkit
  • Sysop—System operator
  • SOLID—Single-responsibility Principle, Open-closed Principle, Liskov substitution principle, Interface segregation principle, Dependency Inversion principle

T[edit]

  • TAO—Track-At-Once
  • TAPI—Telephony Application Programming Interface
  • TASM—Turbo ASseMbler
  • TB—TeraByte
  • Tcl—Tool Command Language
  • TCP—Transmission Control Protocol
  • TCP/IP—Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
  • TCU—Telecommunication Control Unit
  • TDMA—Time-Division Multiple Access
  • TFT—Thin-Film Transistor
  • TFTP—Trivial File Transfer Protocol
  • TI—Texas Instruments
  • TIFF—Tagged Image File Format
  • TLA—Three-Letter Acronym
  • TLD—Top-Level Domain
  • TLS—Thread-Local Storage
  • TLS—Transport Layer Security
  • TLV—Type—length—value
  • tmp—temporary
  • TNC—Terminal Node Controller
  • TNC—Threaded Neill-Concelman connector
  • TPF—Transaction Processing Facility
  • TPM—Trusted Platform Module
  • TROFF—Trace Off
  • TRON—Trace On
  • TRON—The Real-time Operating system Nucleus
  • TRSDOS—Tandy Radio Shack – Disk Operating System
  • TSO—Time Sharing Option
  • TSP—Traveling Salesman Problem
  • TSR—Terminate and Stay Resident
  • TTA—True Tap Audio
  • TTF—TrueType Font
  • TTL—Transistor—Transistor Logic
  • TTL—Time To Live
  • TTS—Text-to-Speech
  • TTY—Teletype
  • TUCOWS—The Ultimate Collection of Winsock Software
  • TUG—TeX Users Group
  • TWAIN—Technology Without An Interesting Name

U[edit]

  • UAAG—User Agent Accessibility Guidelines
  • UAC—User Account Control
  • UART—Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter
  • UAT—User Acceptance Testing
  • UB—Undefined Behavior
  • UCS—Universal Character Set
  • UDDI—Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration
  • UDMA—Ultra DMA
  • UDP—User Datagram Protocol
  • UEFI—Unified Extensible Firmware Interface
  • UHF—Ultra High Frequency
  • UI—User Interface
  • UL—Upload
  • ULA—Uncommitted Logic Array
  • ULSI—Ultra Large Scale Integration
  • UMA—Upper Memory Area
  • UMB—Upper Memory Block
  • UML—Unified Modeling Language
  • UML—User-Mode Linux
  • UMPC—Ultra-Mobile Personal Computer
  • UMTS—Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • UNC—Universal Naming Convention
  • UNIVAC—Universal Automatic Computer (By MKS)
  • UPS—Uninterruptible Power Supply or Uninterrupted Power Supply
  • URI—Uniform Resource Identifier
  • URL—Uniform Resource Locator
  • URN—Uniform Resource Name
  • USB—Universal Serial Bus
  • usr—User System Resources
  • USR—U.S. Robotics
  • UTC—Coordinated Universal Time
  • UTF—Unicode Transformation Format
  • UTP—Unshielded Twisted Pair
  • UTRAN—Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network
  • UUCP—Unix to Unix Copy
  • UUID—Universally Unique Identifier
  • UUN—Universal User Name
  • UVC—Universal Virtual Computer
  • UWP—Universal Windows Platform
  • UX—User Experience

V[edit]

  • var—variable
  • VoLTE—Voice Over Long Term Evolution
  • VAX—Virtual Address eXtension
  • VCPI—Virtual Control Program Interface
  • VB—Visual Basic
  • VBA—Visual Basic for Applications
  • VBS—Visual Basic Script
  • VDI—Virtual Desktop Infrastructure
  • VDU—Visual Display Unit
  • VDM—Virtual DOS machine
  • VDSL—Very High Bitrate Digital Subscriber Line
  • VESA—Video Electronics Standards Association
  • VFAT—Virtual FAT
  • VHD—Virtual Hard Disk
  • VFS—Virtual File System
  • VG—Volume Group
  • VGA—Video Graphics Array
  • VHF—Very High Frequency
  • VIRUS—Vital Information Resource Under Seize
  • VLAN—Virtual Local Area Network
  • VLSM—Variable Length Subnet Mask
  • VLB—Vesa Local Bus
  • VLF—Very Low Frequency
  • VLIW—Very Long Instruction Word
  • VLSI—Very-Large-Scale Integration
  • VM—Virtual Machine
  • VM—Virtual Memory
  • VMM—Virtual Machine Monitor
  • VNC—Virtual Network Computing
  • VOD—Video On Demand
  • VoIP—Voice over Internet Protocol
  • VPN—Virtual Private Network
  • VPS—Virtual Private Server
  • VPU—Visual Processing Unit
  • VR—Virtual Reality
  • VRML—Virtual Reality Modeling Language
  • VSAM—Virtual Storage-Access Method
  • VSAT—Very Small Aperture Terminal
  • VT—Video Terminal
  • VTL—Virtual Tape Library
  • VTAM—Virtual Telecommunications Access Method
  • VRAM—Video Random-Access Memory

W[edit]

  • W3C—World Wide Web Consortium
  • WWDC—Apple World Wide Developer Conference
  • WAFS—Wide Area File Services
  • WAI—Web Accessibility Initiative
  • WAIS—Wide Area Information Server
  • WAN—Wide Area Network
  • WAP—Wireless Access Point
  • WAP—Wireless Application Protocol
  • WASM—Watcom ASseMbler
  • WBEM—Web-Based Enterprise Management
  • WCAG—Web Content Accessibility Guidelines
  • WCF—Windows Communication Foundation
  • WDM—Wavelength-Division Multiplexing
  • WebDAV—WWW Distributed Authoring and Versioning
  • WEP—Wired Equivalent Privacy
  • WFI—Wait For Interrupt
  • Wi-Fi—Wireless Fidelity
  • WiMAX—Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
  • WinFS—Windows Future Storage
  • WinRT—Windows RunTime
  • WINS—Windows Internet Name Service
  • WLAN—Wireless Local Area Network
  • WMA—Windows Media Audio
  • WMI—Windows Management Instrumentation
  • WMV—Windows Media Video
  • WNS—Windows Push Notification Service
  • WOL—Wake-on-LAN
  • WOR—Wake-on-Ring
  • WORA—Write once, run anywhere
  • WORE—Write once, run everywhere
  • WORM—Write Once Read Many
  • WPA—Wi-Fi Protected Access
  • WPAD—Web Proxy Autodiscovery Protocol
  • WPAN—Wireless Personal Area Network
  • WPF—Windows Presentation Foundation
  • WS-D—Web Services-Discovery
  • WSDL—Web Services Description Language
  • WSFL—Web Services Flow Language
  • WUSB—Wireless Universal Serial Bus
  • WWAN—Wireless Wide Area Network
  • WWID—World Wide Identifier
  • WWN—World Wide Name
  • WWW—World Wide Web
  • WYSIWYG—What You See Is What You Get
  • WZC—Wireless Zero Configuration

X[edit]

  • XAG—XML Accessibility Guidelines
  • XAML—eXtensible Application Markup Language
  • XDM—X Window Display Manager
  • XDMCP—X Display Manager Control Protocol
  • XCBL—XML Common Business Library
  • XHTML—eXtensible Hypertext Markup Language
  • XILP—X Interactive ListProc
  • XML—eXtensible Markup Language
  • XMMS—X Multimedia System
  • XMPP—eXtensible Messaging and Presence Protocol
  • XMS—Extended Memory Specification
  • XNS—Xerox Network Systems
  • XP—Cross-Platform
  • XP—Extreme Programming
  • XPCOM—Cross Platform Component Object Model
  • XPI—XPInstall
  • XPIDL—Cross-Platform IDL
  • XPS—XML Paper Specification
  • XSD—XML Schema Definition
  • XSL—eXtensible Stylesheet Language
  • XSL-FO—eXtensible Stylesheet Language Formatting Objects
  • XSLT—eXtensible Stylesheet Language Transformations
  • XSS—Cross-Site Scripting
  • XTF—eXtensible Tag Framework
  • XTF—eXtended Triton Format
  • XUL—XML User Interface Language
  • XVGA—Extended Video Graphics Adapter

Y[edit]

  • Y2K—Year Two Thousand
  • Y2K38—Year Two Thousand Thirty Eight
  • YAAF—Yet Another Application Framework
  • YACC—Yet Another Compiler Compiler
  • YAGNI—You Aren’t Gonna Need It
  • YAML—YAML Ain’t Markup Language
  • YARN—Yet Another Resource Negotiator
  • YaST—Yet another Setup Tool

Z[edit]

  • ZCAV—Zone Constant Angular Velocity
  • ZCS—Zero Code Suppression
  • ZIF—Zero Insertion Force
  • ZIFS—Zero Insertion Force Socket
  • ZIP—ZIP file archive
  • ZISC—Zero Instruction Set Computer
  • ZOI—Zero One Infinity
  • ZOPE—Z Object Publishing Environment
  • ZMA—Zone Multicast Address
  • ZPL—Z-level Programming Language

See also[edit]

  • Acronym
  • Internet slang
  • List of file formats
  • List of information technology initialisms
  • Professional certification

References[edit]

  • «Computing Acronyms and Abbreviations». All Acronyms. Retrieved 2008-07-12.

External links[edit]

  • The UNIX Acronym List

Updated: 07/06/2021 by

Microsoft Word

Sometimes abbreviated as WP, a word processor is a software program capable of creating, storing, and printing typed documents. Today, the word processor is one of the most frequently used software programs on a computer, with Microsoft Word being a popular choice.

Word processors can create multiple types of files, including text files (.txt), rich text files (.rtf), HTML files (.htm & .html), and Word files (.doc & .docx). Some word processors can also be used to create XML files (.xml).

Overview of Word

In a word processor, you are presented with a blank white sheet as shown below. The text is added to the document area and after it has been inserted formatted or adjusted to your preference. Below is an example of a blank Microsoft Word window with areas of the window highlighted.

Microsoft Word document diagram

Features of a word processor

Unlike a basic plaintext editor, a word processor offers several additional features that can give your document or other text a more professional appearance. Below is a listing of popular features of a word processor.

Note

Some more advanced text editors can perform some of these functions.

  • Text formatting — Changing the font, font size, font color, bold, italicizing, underline, etc.
  • Copying, cutting, and pasting — Once text is entered into a document, it can be copied or cut and pasted in the current document or another document.
  • Multimedia — Insert clip art, charts, images, pictures, and video into a document.
  • Spelling and Grammar — Checks for spelling and grammar errors in a document.
  • Adjust the layout — Capable of modifying the margins, size, and layout of a document.
  • Find — Word processors give you the ability to quickly find any word or text in any size of the document.
  • Search and Replace — You can use the Search and Replace feature to replace any text throughout a document.
  • Indentation and lists — Set and format tabs, bullet lists, and number lists.
  • Insert tables — Add tables to a document.
  • Word wrap — Word processors can detect the edges of a page or container and automatically wrap the text using word wrap.
  • Header and footer — Being able to adjust and change text in the header and footer of a document.
  • Thesaurus — Look up alternatives to a word without leaving the program.
  • Multiple windows — While working on a document, you can have additional windows with other documents for comparison or move text between documents.
  • AutoCorrect — Automatically correct common errors (e.g., typing «teh» and having it autocorrected to «the»).
  • Mailers and labels — Create mailers or print labels.
  • Import data — Import and format data from CSV, database, or another source.
  • Headers and footers — The headers and footers of a document can be customized to contain page numbers, dates, footnotes, or text for all pages or specific pages of the document.
  • Merge — Word processors allow data from other documents and files to be automatically merged into a new document. For example, you can mail merge names into a letter.
  • Macros — Setup macros to perform common tasks.
  • Collaboration — More modern word processors help multiple people work on the same document at the same time.

Examples and top uses of a word processor

A word processor is one of the most used computer programs because of its versatility in creating a document. Below is a list of the top examples of how you could use a word processor.

  • Book — Write a book.
  • Document — Any text document that requires formatting.
  • Help documentation — Support documentation for a product or service.
  • Journal — Keep a digital version of your daily, weekly, or monthly journal.
  • Letter — Write a letter to one or more people. Mail merge could also be used to automatically fill in the name, address, and other fields of the letter.
  • Marketing plan — An overview of a plan to help market a new product or service.
  • Memo — Create a memo for employees.
  • Report — A status report or book report.
  • Résumé — Create or maintain your résumé.

Examples of word processor programs

Although Microsoft Word is popular, there are other word processor programs. Below is a list of some popular word processors in alphabetical order.

  • Abiword.
  • Apple iWork — Pages.
  • Apple TextEdit — Apple macOS included word processor.
  • Corel WordPerfect.
  • Dropbox Paper (online and free).
  • Google Docs (online and free).
  • LibreOffice -> Writer (free).
  • Microsoft Office -> Microsoft Word.
  • Microsoft WordPad.
  • Microsoft Works (discontinued).
  • SoftMaker FreeOffice -> TextMaker (free).
  • OpenOffice -> Writer (free).
  • SSuite -> WordGraph (free).
  • Sun StarOffice (discontinued).
  • Textilus (iPad and iPhone).
  • Kingsoft WPS Office -> Writer (free).

Word processor advantages over a typewriter

See our typewriter page for a listing of advantages a computer with a word processor has over a typewriter.

Computer acronyms, Doc, Microsoft Word, Software terms, Untitled, Word processing, Word processor terms, WordStar, Write

  • EM

  • Articles

  • Style

  • Abbreviations

Summary

An abbreviation is the shortened form of a term. It may comprise the first letters of the words of a phrase or be the contracted form of a word.

Examples

  • USA, UK, EU, GDPR, NBA, TIN, CEO, ATM, FYI, WHO, PDA, DNS
  • e.g., i.e., a.m., p.m., etc., et al.
  • kg, g, ms, mph, dc, bhp, rpm, kmps
  • Dr., Rev., Mr., Dec., Inc., Corp., Jr., Sr.

Abbreviations are useful when space is limited. Also use them to avoid repeating a lengthy term multiple times in a document. In formal writing, explain an abbreviation by providing its full form at first use.

Example

  • Such solar-powered devices (SPDs) are now common in most households.

You don’t need to explain a term that is generally used in its abbreviated form or is listed as a noun in the dictionary.

Examples

  • The UK has left the EU.
  • Here is a list of FAQs.

What is an abbreviation?

An abbreviation is the shortened form of a term, often formed using the first letter of every word in a multi-word phrase. An abbreviation can also simply be the contracted form of a single word.

Examples

  • USA
  • UK
  • EU
  • UN
  • FBI
  • NASA
  • NATO
  • PC
  • DOS
  • CMS
  • SEO
  • SSN
  • HRH
  • CEO
  • VP
  • MD
  • BCE
  • Mt.
  • St.
  • Dr.
  • Mr.
  • Prof.
  • Gen.
  • Pres.
  • Jan.
  • Sun.

Abbreviations are common in both formal and informal writing.

Example

  • Dr. Strange and Capt. Nemo attended the UN conference on DNA research held in the UK on Feb. 1, 2039.

Many terms are better known by their abbreviated than their full forms.

Examples

  • DNA
  • GPS
  • HTML
  • PDF
  • URL
  • DNR
  • CD
  • DVD
  • VPN
  • JPEG
  • CEO
  • ATM
  • PhD
  • NASA
  • OPEC
  • NATO
  • UNICEF
  • GMT

Types of abbreviations

An abbreviation can be an initialism, an acronym, a contraction, or other shortened form. An initialism comprises the first letters of the words in a term.

Examples

  • CEO: chief executive officer
  • BA: business analyst
  • USA: United States of America
  • UK: United Kingdom
  • GDPR: General Data Protection Regulation
  • CIA: Central Intelligence Agency
  • UN: United Nations
  • TIL: today I learned
  • FYI: for your information
  • e.g.: exempli gratia
  • aka: also known as
  • mph: miles per hour

An acronym is an abbreviation pronounced as a word.

Examples

  • NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization

    pronounced NAY-toh, not N-A-T-O

  • NASA: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
  • OPEC: Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
  • AWOL: absent without leave

With usage, some acronyms become words in their own right.

Examples

  • scuba: self-contained underwater breathing apparatus
  • laser: light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
  • sonar: sound navigation and ranging
  • radar: radio detection and ranging

Tip

Only abbreviations pronounced as words are acronyms, like UNESCO and NAFTA. Others, like USA and UN are initialisms.

Abbreviations may also be contractions and other shortened forms.

Examples

  • Jan.: January
  • Mr.: Mister
  • Dr.: Doctor
  • Rev.: Reverend
  • Inc.: Incorporated
  • vol.: volume
  • ed.: editor/edited

Note

Contractions include words such as couldn’t and don’t, but these are not generally categorized as abbreviations.

When to use

Use abbreviations to avoid repeating long phrases and terms in a document. Abbreviations also help convey information easily when space is limited (e.g., in charts and figures).

Example

  • The computerized self-driven long-haul submarine (CSLS) is now an energy-friendly way to cross the Pacific. In this paper, we investigate whether the increased use of CSLSs has resulted in environmental gains and lower airfares.

Also use abbreviations when your readers would be more familiar with the abbreviated than the full form.

Examples

  • ATMs will then meet the same fate as other relics of the past, like phone booths and internet cafés.
  • Minerva Dash is our new CEO.
  • Anita has a PhD in mathematics.

How to use correctly

In general, explain an abbreviation at first use by providing its full form.

Examples

  • An all-terrain vehicle (ATV) is like a motorcycle with extra wheels.
  • The UN (United Nations) aims to find shared solutions for humanity.
  • The EU (European Union) has 27 member states.
  • The British Academy of Film and Television Arts, or BAFTA, is an independent arts organization.

Tip

In an academic paper or report, consider adding a glossary or list of abbreviations after the index.

Abbreviated forms listed as nouns rather than as abbreviations in the dictionary need not be explained.

Examples

  • DNA
  • GPS
  • CEO
  • UFO
  • HTML
  • JPEG
  • TV
  • ATM
  • PDF
  • DVD

In formal writing, avoid starting a sentence with an abbreviation.

Example

  • Poor: U.S. officials arrived in Paris this morning.
    Better: United States officials arrived in Paris this morning.

But note that acronyms (abbreviations pronounced as words) and standard contractions are fine in this position.

Examples

  • NASA scientists have discovered a new planet.
  • Dr. Dash isn’t who she claims to be.

Abbreviations with two or more capital letters generally don’t require a period.

Examples

  • USA
  • EU
  • UK
  • UN
  • WHO
  • CDC
  • NATO
  • NAFTA
  • PC
  • PDF
  • PM
  • VP
  • CEO
  • MBA
  • PhD
  • NGO
  • TBD
  • FYI
  • TRP
  • PIN
  • OTP
  • ROI
  • CPR
  • COVID
  • HIV

Many lowercase abbreviations take internal periods, but periods are generally omitted in scientific and technical abbreviations and abbreviated SI units.

Examples

  • e.g., i.e., etc., a.m., p.m.
  • but

  • bhp, rpm, mph, km, kmps, g, mg

To form the plural of an abbreviation, simply add s (or es) without an apostrophe.

Examples

  • URLs
  • VPs
  • PhDs
  • CMSs (or CMSes)

To pluralize a contraction, add s and move the period to the end.

Examples

  • Drs. Rongen and Vimes
  • Profs. Diaz and Johnson
  • Mss. (or Mses.) Fatima and Greene

Tip

The plural of Mr. is Messrs., now seen mainly in legal texts.

Use of the indefinite article (a/an) depends on how the abbreviation is pronounced. If it starts with a consonant sound, use a if it starts with a vowel sound, use an.

Examples

  • an ATM but a UFO
  • a CEO but an MD

The article the is omitted with acronyms of proper nouns (since they are pronounced as words), even if it would be used with the full form. The is still generally used with initialisms (of which the letters are individually pronounced).

Examples

  • The UNICEF is providing food and technical support to fight the COVID in Lebanon.
  • but

  • The UK has trade agreements and deals with more than 60 countries.

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  • Abbreviation for the word states
  • Abbreviation for the word messages
  • Abbreviation for the word international
  • Abbreviation for the word each
  • Abbreviation for the word computer