So much happens in the first two years of your child’s life. We know that all children grow and develop at different rates, but we also know developmental milestones can be helpful as markers of progress in a child’s physical, cognitive, and emotional development. They are a guide for what to expect as a child grows and can help identify potential delays that may need additional support. Here are some key speech and language milestones to look out for before your child turns three.
An increase in expressive vocabulary
At 2 years old, a toddler may have a vocabulary of around 50 words. Their language is characterized by a variety of word types, including nouns, verbs, adjectives, and pronouns.
Verbs are words that describe an action or state of being. Two-year-olds will typically have a small number of verbs in their vocabulary, such as “go,” “come,” “eat,” and “sleep.”
Adjectives are words that describe a noun or pronoun. Two-year-olds may have a limited understanding of adjectives, but may use words like “big” and “little” to describe things.
Pronouns are words that replace nouns, such as “I,” “you,” “he,” “she,” “it,” “we,” and “they.” Two-year-olds may use pronouns like “me” and “mine” to refer to themselves and their possessions.
Two word phrases
Examples of phrases we often see at age two are “more milk,” “no cookie,” “mama go” and “dada up.” In order for toddlers to combine words, they must have a solid number of words and a variety of words. As your child’s language develops, they will be able to combine words in a novel way and use language to express their thoughts. While most children build their vocabulary by continually increasing the length and complexity of their phrases, there are children that are gestalt learners. Instead of learning the meaning of one word at a time, these children start developing language by memorizing whole phrases (Gestalt language acquisition). They then work backwards into learning the meaning of the words that make up those phrases.
Ability to articulate
Two-year-olds are approximately 50% intelligible to unfamiliar listeners. Intelligibility refers to the amount of your child’s speech a listener can understand. It’s very common for 2-year-olds to make speech sound errors (often called developmental errors). For example, a child may say “wuv” when meaning to say “love.” As a rule of thumb, friends and family should understand at least half of what your child says at age two.
Receptive language growth
Receptive language refers to your child’s ability to understand the spoken language of others. Two year olds often understand more than they are able to express. They should be able to respond to simple questions, such as “Where’s your nose?” or “What’s that?” They should also be able to point to body parts when asked. When reading a book with your two-year old, they will be able to point to objects and pictures when named. At 2 years old, children can follow one-step directions consistently (i.e. “get your shoes”), as well as simple two-step related directions (i.e. “get your shoes and go to the door”).
Ability to interact with others
At this age, children typically engage in parallel play, but before their third birthday they will begin to show a greater interest in socializing with others. 2-year-olds enjoy participating in playgroups and classes. They should also be able to play with other children and take turns. Additionally, they should be starting to understand the concept of sharing and begin to show empathy towards others.
When to seek help if your child is delayed?
It’s important to note that every child develops at their own pace and some children may reach these milestones earlier or later than others. However, if there are significant delays or concerns, it is important to seek the advice of a healthcare professional.
Research has shown that early detection of communication disorders plays a major role in shorter treatment plans and faster recovery! If you have questions about your 2-year-old’s speech and language development, please feel free to contact us. We are here to help!
TherapyWorks provides pediatric speech, occupational and physical therapies in-home or via teletherapy.
Should I be concerned that my 2-year-old doesn’t say many words and is hard to understand?
Answer From Jay L. Hoecker, M.D.
Talk to your child’s health care provider if you can understand only a few or none of your 2-year-old’s words. A delay using words or talking can be an early sign of other issues. Your toddler’s provider can refer you to health professionals who test children for these issues.
Every child grows and develops at their own pace. But toddler speech development tends to follow a fairly set path. For example, by age 2, most children can:
- Use simple two-word phrases, such as «more milk.»
- Ask one- or two-word questions, such as «Go bye-bye?»
- Follow simple commands and understand simple questions.
- Speak about 50 to 100 words.
- Be understood at least half the time by adults who don’t know the child.
Between the ages of 2 and 3, most children:
- Speak in two- and three-word phrases or sentences.
- Use at least 200 words and as many as 1,000 words.
- Ask questions that start with who, what, where or why, such as «Where is mommy?»
- Say their first name when asked.
- Refer to themselves with pronouns, such as I, me, my or mine.
- Can be understood most of the time by familiar listeners, such as family members.
If your child might have a condition that causes a speech delay, your child’s health care provider may suggest that you see a hearing or speech professional.
For example, hearing problems are checked by an audiologist. A speech-language pathologist checks for communication problems. If your child hears or speaks two languages, see a bilingual speech-language pathologist so your child can get tested in both languages.
In the United States, you can get your child tested through a government-funded early intervention program. This offers services and support to children with delays in development or disabilities. Each state and territory has an early intervention program, and some programs include speech therapy.
The way speech delay is treated in toddlers depends on the cause. When treated early, these delays and the problems that can cause them often get better over time.
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March 04, 2023
- Kliegman RM, et al. Language development and communication disorders. In: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 21st ed. Elsevier; 2020. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Jan. 24, 2023.
- One to two years: What should my child be able to do? American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. http://www.asha.org/public/speech/development/12.htm. Accessed Jan. 24, 2023.
- Speech and language concerns. Pediatric Care Online. https://publications.aap.org/pediatriccare. Accessed Jan. 24, 2023.
- Is your toddler communicating with you? Pediatric Patient Education. https://publications.aap.org/patiented. Accessed Jan. 24, 2023.
- Kliegman RM, et al. The second year. In: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 21st ed. Elsevier; 2020. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Jan. 24, 2023.
- Hoecker JL (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic. Feb. 22, 2019.
- Important milestones: Your child by three years. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/actearly/milestones/milestones-3yr.html. Accessed Jan. 24, 2023.
- What is early intervention? Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/actearly/parents/states.html. Accessed Jan. 27, 2023.
See more Expert Answers
See also
- Acetaminophen and children: Why dose matters
- Baby naps
- Child development
- Cold medicines for kids
- Discolored baby teeth
- Don’t let your tots burn
- Don’t save leftover pain pills
- Potty training
- Limiting screen time
- Sex education: Talking to toddlers and preschoolers about sex
- Shopping for Kids Shoes
- Temper tantrums
- Terrible twos
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My child is two years, five months old male. He says words like, no, cup, please, mama, dad, bye, it broke (muddled) and does some babbling. He has also said outside, bath, and movie but not consistently. The other day he counted to three but I can’t get him to repeat this regularly. Our daycare provider thinks he is behind in his communication skills. He understands directions and I have had his hearing checked and they say he is fine.
Sometimes he doesn’t follow directions but that is normal I believe. His dad is very quiet and my son seems to be quiet as well. He is an only child and so does a lot of interactive playing with his toys by himself or with us and does make growling sounds and truck sounds with playing with animals or vehicle toys. He does not seem interested in repeating any words that I say and I have tried to deny him what he wants until he says the word but it just becomes a contest of wills and I don’t agree that this is good for him. I have thought about speech therapy but don’t really know what I should do. Could you give me some insight?
How many words should a 2 year old say? As a general rule, we look for children to have about 50+ words between the ages of 24-30 months. We also look for children to be attempting to imitate new words and also be starting to put words together into 2 word phrases, such as “Mommy go” or “more juice”. Since you listed about 9 consistent words that your son has and one 2 word phrase and his reluctance to repeat new words, he sounds like he would indeed qualify for early intervention speech therapy. At his age we are not concerned about clarity of speech and only start to look at articulation at age three. I would suggest going ahead with a speech evaluation for your son through your local early intervention provider. If your son is getting frustrated by not being able to communicate, you can build in some simple sign language signs that he can use to get his wants and needs met. You can also work on fun sounds during play, such as animal sounds and environmental sounds (“ding dong” the doorbell rang, “boom” the blocks fell over, “beep beep” goes the car). You can keep a word list on your fridge so that you can encourage the words that you have already heard him say-there is no sense waiting him out if you have never heard the word before, but if he has said “bath” a few times then that is a word where you can persist a bit and see if he will repeat again. If your son is currently using a sipper cup, you can switch to using an open cup and/or straw cup for most seated meals which is good for oral motor strengthening and promotes more oral motor coordination than a sipper.
I am glad you had his hearing checked, because we often recommend that first, just to rule out concerns. It is fairly common for two year olds to be following directions well and understanding language (receptive language), but showing a slight delay in the number of words or phrases they are able to say (expressive language).
You’ll find some more information at our 24-36 month speech link and also information on articulation.
Q&A: How Many Words Should a 2 Year Old Say?11.04.2013
Asked by: Candelario Johnson III
Score: 5/5
(4 votes)
Two word phrases are a group of two words expressing a concept. They can be used within a sentence as a single unit.
What is a two word phrase for a common word?
In spoken English, we often use two-word phrases, such as “bye-bye”. Here are 15 of the most common two word phrases, with more in the quiz below. so-so = OK: “How was the meeting?” “So-so – it was nice to see everyone, but we didn’t get anything decided.” on-off = not constant: “They have a very on-off relationship.”
What is a 2 word sentence?
Two-word sentences have all they need to qualify as complete sentences: a subject and a verb. Used appropriately, they can be powerful. When teaching students about complete sentences, the two-word sentence is a good starting point. «Chrysanthemum could scarcely believe her ears.
What are three word phrases?
100+ Memorable Three-Word Quotes That Are Short And Sweet
- “I’ll be there.”
- “I love you.”
- “Maybe you’re right.”
- “I trust you.”
- “Go for it.”
- “Got your back.”
- “How are you?”
- “I want you.”
How do you use multiple in a sentence?
having or involving or consisting of more than one part or entity or individual.
- The youth died of multiple burns.
- You should use dialogues for multiple purposes.
- A smile is the language has multiple meanings.
- Life can not fade , the multiple spot color can’t accommodate oneself to wonderful just now best,alive.
40 related questions found
What are two phrases examples?
Eight common types of phrases are: noun, verb, gerund, infinitive, appositive, participial, prepositional, and absolute.
…
Here are examples:
- He was waiting for the rain to stop.
- She was upset when it didn’t boil.
- You have been sleeping for a long time.
- You might enjoy a massage.
- He was eager to eat dinner.
Is all done a two word phrase?
They’re learning about one new word a day. They may even put two words together, such as «Mommy, come,» «Let’s go,» or «All done.»
Can you have a two word phrase?
A phrase can be as short as two words. Phrases combine to form clauses and sentences. (Clauses include subject-verb combinations, phrases don’t.) Not only two words make a phrase, but sometimes one word makes a phrase too.
Can phrase be a single word?
In syntax and grammar, a phrase is a group of words which act together as a grammatical unit. … Phrases can consist of a single word or a complete sentence. In theoretical linguistics, phrases are often analyzed as units of syntactic structure such as a constituent.
How many words should a phrase have?
How many words should we have in a sentence? A common plain English guideline says an average of 15–20 words (Cutts, 2009; Plain English Campaign, 2015; Plain Language Association InterNational, 2015). Such sentences are clearer, less intimidating, and easier to scan (Cutts, 2009; Vincent, 2014).
How many words should a 2 year old know?
Between the ages of 2 and 3, most children: Speak in two- and three-word phrases or sentences. Use at least 200 words and as many as 1,000 words. State their first name.
What is Einstein Syndrome?
Einstein syndrome is a condition where a child experiences late onset of language, or a late language emergence, but demonstrates giftedness in other areas of analytical thinking. A child with Einstein syndrome eventually speaks with no issues, but remains ahead of the curve in other areas.
What age do toddlers put 2 words together?
By 2 years old, most toddlers will say 50 words or more, use phrases, and be able to put together two-word sentences. No matter when they say their first words, it’s a sure bet they are already understanding much of what is said to them before that.
What is phrase give 5 examples?
Noun Phrase; Friday became a cool, wet afternoon. Verb Phrase; Mary might have been waiting outside for you.. Gerund Phrase; Eating ice cream on a hot day can be a good way to cool off. Infinitive Phrase; She helped to build the roof. Prepositional Phrase; In the kitchen, you will find my mom.
What is phrase and its examples?
phrase is a group of words that work together to make meaning, but it is not a complete sentence. In other words, it does not have both a subject and a verb. … Example of phrases put together in a sentence: The brown hat was blowing away in the wind.
What are the 7 types of phrase?
7 Classes and Types of Phrases
- Absolute Phrase. …
- Appositive Phrase. …
- Gerund Phrase. …
- Infinitive Phrase. …
- Noun Phrase. …
- Participial Phrase. …
- Prepositional Phrase.
Should a 2 year old know colors?
2 year olds can understand the concept of color and may begin to recognize and learn about colors as early as 18 months. Learning colors can be a fun activity for you and your child to practice together. Start with one color at a time, use flashcards to show your child a color and have them say the name with you.
Are late talkers less intelligent?
To be sure, most late talking children do not have high intelligence. … The same is true for bright late-talking children: It is important to bear in mind that there is nothing wrong with people who are highly skilled in analytical abilities, even when they talk late and are less skilled with regard to language ability.
When should I worry about my toddler not talking?
If your child is over two years old, you should have your pediatrician evaluate them and refer them for speech therapy and a hearing exam if they can only imitate speech or actions but don’t produce words or phrases by themselves, they say only certain words and only those words repeatedly, they cannot follow simple …
What is the highest form of autism?
Even so, lots of people still use the term Asperger’s. The condition is what doctors call a «high-functioning» type of ASD. This means the symptoms are less severe than other kinds of autism spectrum disorders.
What is Hyperlexic?
Hyperlexia is when a child starts reading early and surprisingly beyond their expected ability. It’s often accompanied by an obsessive interest in letters and numbers, which develops as an infant. Hyperlexia is often, but not always, part of the autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
Are early talkers smarter?
Behavioural results. Early talkers showed a significant advantage over the on-time group in many aspects of spoken and written language, whereas late talkers performed lower on virtually all language and literacy-related tasks.
Can most 2 year olds count to 10?
Though every child is different, most toddlers will be able to count to 10 by the time they are two-years-old. … This concept is known as “rote” counting. Rote counting is when a child can say numbers in order, and is mostly learned through hearing the numbers repeatedly said out loud by others.
Does TV cause speech delay?
This study by Chonchaiya and Pruksananonda found that children who began watching tv before 12 months and who watched more than 2 hours of TV per day were six times more likely to have language delays! … That could mean late talking and/or problems with language in school later in life.
What are signs of autism in a 2-year-old?
What Are the Signs of Autism in a 2 to 3 Year-Old?
- may not be able to speak,
- use items differently, like lining up the toys instead of playing with them,
- have limited speech,
- struggle to follow simple instructions,
- have limited inventory of sounds, words, and gestures,
- are not interested in playing with others,
In other articles, we’ve covered important language milestones for babies and toddlers from 0 to 12 months and 12 to 24 months. The first several years of a child’s life are a time of rapid language learning, and the second year is no exception!
Two-year-olds begin to use more words to communicate what they want and feel. They’re also able to understand more of what’s spoken to them. They can understand and even begin to answer more questions. They’re able to sit and participate in play activities and start interacting more with their peers.
Let’s discuss what milestones to expect in your 2-year-old during this crucial stage of development.
Receptive language skills during the second year
Receptive language refers to how we attend to, process, and understand language. It’s one of the most important building blocks of a child’s social and academic development. During your child’s second year, you should notice them doing the following:
-
Beginning to answer some «WH-» questions. Your child should begin to understand and respond to questions that begin with who, what, when, where, and why. Examples include: “What’s that?” “Who is __?” or “Where is __?” They should also be able to point to objects when described, such as “What do you wear on your feet?»
-
Pointing to body parts when named verbally
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Carrying out two-step related directions, such as “Please go to the table and bring me the cup.” They should also begin to complete two-step directions that are unrelated, such as “Throw the ball and clap your hands.”
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Pointing to pictures of objects when named
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Understanding and using directional concepts, such as under, in, on, in
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Starting to understand differences in sizes, such as big, large, small, little
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Comprehending “yours” and “mine,” as well as turn taking: “my turn” and “your turn”
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Understanding verbs such as jump, run, throw
-
Listening to books and stories for longer periods of time, as well as pointing to objects of interest while listening to the reader
Tips and Resources
9 Fun Children’s Books that Help with Speech and Language Skills
Abby Barnes, M.S., CCC-SLP
Expressive language skills during the second year
Expressive language refers to how we use sounds and words to communicate our wants and needs. At 24 months, we anticipate a child is using mostly words to express themselves. During year 2, you should notice your child doing the following:
-
Using two-word phrases around 24 months
-
Engaging in short conversations
-
Beginning to use pronouns, such as me, my, mine
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Beginning to communicate their feelings and emotions verbally, rather than physically
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Having a spoken vocabulary of around 50 words
-
Possibly trying to answer simple questions
-
Making requests verbally
Other important milestones for 2-year-olds
Beyond speech and language, there are many other important developmental skills that are generally gained between ages 24 and 36 months.
For example, it’s common to see an increase in the development of a child’s play skills. Their play-based activities become more complex as they begin to participate in pretend play and use toys for their intended purpose. You might catch your toddler playing house, talking on a pretend telephone, or talking with their dolls.
Engaging your child in pretend play helps them gain language and social skills.
Toddlers are just learning how to communicate using language. Engaging your child in simple pretend play helps them expand these foundational language and social skills. The joint attention that occurs when the two of you are sharing an experience, such as playing kitchen, also helps with skills like the ability to pay attention, which is crucial in an academic setting.
Your toddler will also begin parallel play. That means they’ll start to play around and near other children, but they won’t start playing in a shared game with them quite yet. That comes around ages 3 to 4 years old.
Babies and Toddlers
Using Play to Promote Speech and Language Development
Leanne Sherred, M.S., CCC-SLP
4 MINUTE READ
At age 2, children should also be exploring most foods and textures. Kids should be independently feeding themselves with a fork or spoon, as well as using their pincer grasp (holding something between the thumb and first finger). They should begin to drink from an open cup or a straw and no longer use a bottle and pacifier. While toddlers may have a strong preference for macaroni and cheese, 2-year-olds also will try new foods. After a few attempts, they may accept those new foods into their diet.
What should speech sound like in 2-year-olds?
While all children are different, here’s a general rule of thumb: By the age of 24 months, familiar listeners, such as family members, should be able to understand about 50% of your child’s speech.
Your child should also be learning new speech sounds during this time. Between the ages of 2 and 3, we expect a child to have mastered the /p/, /m/, /h/, /n/, /w/, and /b/ sounds. They should be close to mastering their /k/, /g/, /d/, /t/, and /ng/ sounds. They should also have started using the sounds /f/ and /y/.
You may still hear your child saying things like “nana” instead of “banana,” or “ca” for “cat,” dropping the final sound. However, these speech errors should go away by the time a child turns 3. If you aren’t hearing improvement in your child’s speech as they get closer to 3 years old, it may be time to speak to a speech therapist. Let’s talk more about this below.
How do you know if your 2-year-old needs speech therapy?
Sometimes toddlers need extra help to develop their speech and language. Language skills build on top of each other over time, much like a ladder. And when children don’t reach important communication milestones early on, they’re often at risk of falling behind.
The earlier you can intervene, the more likely they are to reach their communication goals. Here’s some things to look for:
-
At 24 months, monitor whether your child’s language seems limited. Are they using at least 50 words? It’s also important that they begin to combine their words in two-word phrases. Pay close attention to how well you can understand your child’s language, or if they seem to be regressing in their development.
-
By the time your child turns 36 months, check whether their language is limited to single-syllable words with no final consonants, if they use few or no multi-word phrases, are not able to ask common «WH-» questions (what, where, etc.), or if their speech isn’t easy to understand. These are signs of a speech delay. Another cause for concern is if your child has frequent tantrums or other behavior problems because they can’t communicate well, or if they have echolalia (which means parroting speech without trying to communicate).
Speech and Language Issues
What Is a Speech Delay and How Is It Diagnosed?
Leanne Sherred, M.S., CCC-SLP
2 MINUTE READ
If your child isn’t meeting age-appropriate milestones or doesn’t seem to be speaking as much as other toddlers, don’t panic! What’s important is that you talk with your pediatrician and a qualified speech therapist.
Because the age of 2 is such a critical year of learning, it’s important to give kids the support they need to express themselves and fully communicate their wants and needs.
While it may be tempting to take a “wait and see” approach, research shows that early intervention benefits kids both socially and academically as they grow older. By addressing these speech or language delays early, it can reduce frustration for you and your child, and allow them to better learn and participate in the world around them.